Phenanthrene was solubilized in two different nonionic surfactants, Tween80 and Triton X-100. The bioavailability of phenanthrene to the bacteria isolated from the petroleum contaminated soils was studied based on the...Phenanthrene was solubilized in two different nonionic surfactants, Tween80 and Triton X-100. The bioavailability of phenanthrene to the bacteria isolated from the petroleum contaminated soils was studied based on the rotary flasks experiments. The results showed that the concentration of nonionic surfactants above the critical micelle concentration(CMC) can increase the solubility of phenanthrene in water and were innoxious to the phenanthrene-degrading bacteria; phenanthrene solubilized in the micelles of Tween80 was bioavailable and biodegradable. The research demonstrated the potential of surfactant-enhanced bioremediation of soils contaminated by hydrophobic organic compounds(HOCs).展开更多
Since tungsten was chose as the divertor tiles of 1TER, the investigation of tungsten and its coating as plasma facing material (PFM) have been paid more attentions by fusion scientists all over the world. Recent year...Since tungsten was chose as the divertor tiles of 1TER, the investigation of tungsten and its coating as plasma facing material (PFM) have been paid more attentions by fusion scientists all over the world. Recent years, tungsten coatings have been展开更多
High Z and low Z materials are both the candidate plasma facing materials (PFM), up to now, the typical representative of high Z materials is tungsten, and the representatives of low Z materials are carbon materials (...High Z and low Z materials are both the candidate plasma facing materials (PFM), up to now, the typical representative of high Z materials is tungsten, and the representatives of low Z materials are carbon materials (such as graphite, C/C composite) and beryllium. Most of these materials have been used as PFM limiters and diverter armor tiles of tokamak machines, tungsten, molybdenum and C/C composite are always used as high heat flux components.展开更多
The control of core plasma and impurity level of edge plasma has been greatly improved with the development of controlled fusion technology. Refractory metal tungsten or its alloy was paid more attentions owing to its...The control of core plasma and impurity level of edge plasma has been greatly improved with the development of controlled fusion technology. Refractory metal tungsten or its alloy was paid more attentions owing to its high melting temperature, good展开更多
Tungsten is envisaged as one of the main candidate materials for divertor plate of ITER and future fusion reactors. Due to D-T reaction, PFMs would suffer helium irradiation from plasma additional to the high heat loa...Tungsten is envisaged as one of the main candidate materials for divertor plate of ITER and future fusion reactors. Due to D-T reaction, PFMs would suffer helium irradiation from plasma additional to the high heat loads. Helium retention and thermal desorption behavior are largely concerned.展开更多
Carbon-base materials will be major plasma facing materials (PFM) in a fusion device in near term and even in the future in spite of its high tritium trapping and chemical sputtering yield. Of course, the development ...Carbon-base materials will be major plasma facing materials (PFM) in a fusion device in near term and even in the future in spite of its high tritium trapping and chemical sputtering yield. Of course, the development of high Z PFM and free surface system are also important for fusion energy.展开更多
A derivation of an analytical expression for the inviscid velocity fieldinduced by a single right-handed helical vortex filament is presented. The vortex filament movesuniformly and rigidly without change of form in a...A derivation of an analytical expression for the inviscid velocity fieldinduced by a single right-handed helical vortex filament is presented. The vortex filament movesuniformly and rigidly without change of form in a cylindrical tube, where the vortex filamentrotates around its axis with a constant angular velocity and translates along its axis with aconstant translational velocity. The key to solve the problem is to set up a moving cylindricalcoordinate system fixed on the vortex filament. The result shows that the velocity field is atime-periodic function, and may degenerate into Okulovs' s formula when the helical vortex filamentslips along the filament itself or stays immobile.展开更多
文摘Phenanthrene was solubilized in two different nonionic surfactants, Tween80 and Triton X-100. The bioavailability of phenanthrene to the bacteria isolated from the petroleum contaminated soils was studied based on the rotary flasks experiments. The results showed that the concentration of nonionic surfactants above the critical micelle concentration(CMC) can increase the solubility of phenanthrene in water and were innoxious to the phenanthrene-degrading bacteria; phenanthrene solubilized in the micelles of Tween80 was bioavailable and biodegradable. The research demonstrated the potential of surfactant-enhanced bioremediation of soils contaminated by hydrophobic organic compounds(HOCs).
文摘Since tungsten was chose as the divertor tiles of 1TER, the investigation of tungsten and its coating as plasma facing material (PFM) have been paid more attentions by fusion scientists all over the world. Recent years, tungsten coatings have been
文摘High Z and low Z materials are both the candidate plasma facing materials (PFM), up to now, the typical representative of high Z materials is tungsten, and the representatives of low Z materials are carbon materials (such as graphite, C/C composite) and beryllium. Most of these materials have been used as PFM limiters and diverter armor tiles of tokamak machines, tungsten, molybdenum and C/C composite are always used as high heat flux components.
文摘The control of core plasma and impurity level of edge plasma has been greatly improved with the development of controlled fusion technology. Refractory metal tungsten or its alloy was paid more attentions owing to its high melting temperature, good
文摘Tungsten is envisaged as one of the main candidate materials for divertor plate of ITER and future fusion reactors. Due to D-T reaction, PFMs would suffer helium irradiation from plasma additional to the high heat loads. Helium retention and thermal desorption behavior are largely concerned.
文摘Carbon-base materials will be major plasma facing materials (PFM) in a fusion device in near term and even in the future in spite of its high tritium trapping and chemical sputtering yield. Of course, the development of high Z PFM and free surface system are also important for fusion energy.
文摘A derivation of an analytical expression for the inviscid velocity fieldinduced by a single right-handed helical vortex filament is presented. The vortex filament movesuniformly and rigidly without change of form in a cylindrical tube, where the vortex filamentrotates around its axis with a constant angular velocity and translates along its axis with aconstant translational velocity. The key to solve the problem is to set up a moving cylindricalcoordinate system fixed on the vortex filament. The result shows that the velocity field is atime-periodic function, and may degenerate into Okulovs' s formula when the helical vortex filamentslips along the filament itself or stays immobile.
