Global warming has become a challenge that can affect the patterns of biodiversity.Termites are particularly important decomposers in tropical and subtropical forest ecosystems.Many studies have indicated that termite...Global warming has become a challenge that can affect the patterns of biodiversity.Termites are particularly important decomposers in tropical and subtropical forest ecosystems.Many studies have indicated that termites are sensitive and can respond to environmental changes,but the study of how termite assemblages respond to changes in the meteorological temperature factors in urban forest ecosystems is lacking.A survey of termite assemblages was conducted in the urban forest remnants in Macao city.Based on Canonical correlation and Pearson correlation analyses,there were no significant correlations between termite data and whole meteorological temperature data in Macao,but the encounters of both termite species and fungus-growing group were closely related to whole meteorological temperatures.This year-round study showed that the number of encounters of termite assemblages,especially the fungus-feeding group,may be more suitable used to indicate meteorological temperature changes.The fungus-feeding group encounters negatively correlated with air temperature(℃),maximum temperature(℃),minimum temperature(℃),soil temperature at 10 cm depth(℃),and minimum surface water temperature(℃)in lower subtropical urban forests in Macao.The study suggested that termite encounters are susceptible to meteorological temperatures in the lower subtropical urban forest ecosystem.展开更多
Following previous studies of the rainfall forecast in Shenzhen owing to landfalling tropical cyclones(TCs),a nonparametric statistical scheme based on the classification of the landfalling TCs is applied to analyze a...Following previous studies of the rainfall forecast in Shenzhen owing to landfalling tropical cyclones(TCs),a nonparametric statistical scheme based on the classification of the landfalling TCs is applied to analyze and forecast the rainfall induced by landfalling TCs in the coastal area of Guangdong province,China.All the TCs landfalling with the distance less than 700 kilometers to the 8 coastal stations in Guangdong province during 1950—2013 are categorized according to their landfalling position and intensity.The daily rainfall records of all the 8 meteorological stations are obtained and analyzed.The maximum daily rainfall and the maximum 3 days’accumulated rainfall at the 8 coastal stations induced by each category of TCs during the TC landfall period(a couple of days before and after TC landfalling time)from 1950 to 2013 are computed by the percentile estimation and illustrated by boxplots.These boxplots can be used to estimate the rainfall induced by landfalling TC of the same category in the future.The statistical boxplot scheme is further coupled with the model outputs from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)to predict the rainfall induced by landfalling TCs along the coastal area.The TCs landfalling in south China from 2014 to 2017 and the corresponding rainfall at the 8 stations area are used to evaluate the performance of these boxplots and coupled boxplots schemes.Results show that the statistical boxplots scheme and coupled boxplots scheme can perform better than ECMWF model in the operational rainfall forecast along the coastal area in south China.展开更多
文摘Global warming has become a challenge that can affect the patterns of biodiversity.Termites are particularly important decomposers in tropical and subtropical forest ecosystems.Many studies have indicated that termites are sensitive and can respond to environmental changes,but the study of how termite assemblages respond to changes in the meteorological temperature factors in urban forest ecosystems is lacking.A survey of termite assemblages was conducted in the urban forest remnants in Macao city.Based on Canonical correlation and Pearson correlation analyses,there were no significant correlations between termite data and whole meteorological temperature data in Macao,but the encounters of both termite species and fungus-growing group were closely related to whole meteorological temperatures.This year-round study showed that the number of encounters of termite assemblages,especially the fungus-feeding group,may be more suitable used to indicate meteorological temperature changes.The fungus-feeding group encounters negatively correlated with air temperature(℃),maximum temperature(℃),minimum temperature(℃),soil temperature at 10 cm depth(℃),and minimum surface water temperature(℃)in lower subtropical urban forests in Macao.The study suggested that termite encounters are susceptible to meteorological temperatures in the lower subtropical urban forest ecosystem.
基金Key Research and Development Projects in Guangdong Province(2019B111101002)Program of Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(JCYJ20170413164957461,GGFW2017073114031767)
文摘Following previous studies of the rainfall forecast in Shenzhen owing to landfalling tropical cyclones(TCs),a nonparametric statistical scheme based on the classification of the landfalling TCs is applied to analyze and forecast the rainfall induced by landfalling TCs in the coastal area of Guangdong province,China.All the TCs landfalling with the distance less than 700 kilometers to the 8 coastal stations in Guangdong province during 1950—2013 are categorized according to their landfalling position and intensity.The daily rainfall records of all the 8 meteorological stations are obtained and analyzed.The maximum daily rainfall and the maximum 3 days’accumulated rainfall at the 8 coastal stations induced by each category of TCs during the TC landfall period(a couple of days before and after TC landfalling time)from 1950 to 2013 are computed by the percentile estimation and illustrated by boxplots.These boxplots can be used to estimate the rainfall induced by landfalling TC of the same category in the future.The statistical boxplot scheme is further coupled with the model outputs from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)to predict the rainfall induced by landfalling TCs along the coastal area.The TCs landfalling in south China from 2014 to 2017 and the corresponding rainfall at the 8 stations area are used to evaluate the performance of these boxplots and coupled boxplots schemes.Results show that the statistical boxplots scheme and coupled boxplots scheme can perform better than ECMWF model in the operational rainfall forecast along the coastal area in south China.
