Organic polymeric flocculants are commonly used in improving dredged sludge dewaterability, but less attention has been paid to residual water quality. In this paper, the effects of cationic etherified starch(CS) and ...Organic polymeric flocculants are commonly used in improving dredged sludge dewaterability, but less attention has been paid to residual water quality. In this paper, the effects of cationic etherified starch(CS) and poly-dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride(PDDA) on dredged sludge dewatering efficiency and residual water quality of Baiyangdian lake were comprehensively investigated and evaluated by analytic hierarchy process(AHP). The results indicated that PDDA had stronger electrical effect and flocculation performance compared with CS, resulting in more efficient dewatering performance. PDDA can reduce the pollutants of discharged residual water, while CS significantly promoted the increase of NH_(4)^(+)-N and NO_(3)^(–)-N in the residual water. The increase of NH_(4)^(+)-N in the residual water of CS was due to the release of dredged sludge, while the increase of NO_(3)^(-)-N was introduced by CS leaching. AHP showed that PDDA performed better in flocculation treatment of dredged sludge than other organic polymers. This work provides a method for optimization of flocculation treatment for dredged sludge dewaterability.展开更多
Conventional methods for hollow cylinder apparatus （HCA） specimen preparation are not applicable for T J-1 lunar soil simulant due to its wide particle size distribution. A novel method to prepare uniform T J-1 spec...Conventional methods for hollow cylinder apparatus （HCA） specimen preparation are not applicable for T J-1 lunar soil simulant due to its wide particle size distribution. A novel method to prepare uniform T J-1 specimen for HCA tests is put forward. The method is a combination of the multi-layering dry-rodding method and a new under-compaction criterion in the multi-layer with under-compaction method （UCM）. In the novel method, the specimen is prepared with 5 layers by dry-rodding and the UCM is used to determine the height after each layer is compacted. The density uniformity of specimen is evaluated by the freezing method to find out the best under-compaction criterion. Two HCA specimens with the same target density are prepared by the novel method and examined in the tests of pure rotation of the principal stresses. Their conformable mechanical behaviors ascertain the effectiveness of the method to produce uniform and reproducible HCA specimens. Four groups of HCA tests are carried out to investigate the anisotropic and non-coaxial behaviors of TJ-I lunar soil simulant. The results indicate that the principal stress direction, the deviator stress ratio, the stress level and the coefficient of the intermediate principal stress significantly influence the strength and deformation properties of T J-1 lunar soil simulant.展开更多
Influences of waste materials containing tungsten on melting and crystallization of glass-ceramics are discussed in this article. High temperature melting, nucleation and crystallization of glass-ceramics were explore...Influences of waste materials containing tungsten on melting and crystallization of glass-ceramics are discussed in this article. High temperature melting, nucleation and crystallization of glass-ceramics were explored by means of DTA, XRD and SEM. The high temperature melting performance of glass-ceramics ingredients can be effectively improved by mixing the right amount of waste materials containing tungsten. But the additive amount should be properly controlled, the mixing content of waste materials containing tungsten should be a range of 0.5 ~ 2.0 %. In the experiment of glass-ceramics ingredients system, the molten softening temperature of base glass powder reduced about 20 ℃ by adding 1 % waste materials containing tungsten, and the nucleation temperature reduced about 15 ℃. The nucleation and crystallization performance of glass-ceramics mineral crystals can be promoted by mixing the right amount of waste materials containing tungsten. That is helpful to improve the quality of glass-ceramics products.展开更多
To overcome the limitations of batch-to-batch variations and donor material robustness in polymer solar cells(PSCs),we designed quaternary(H1-H9),ternary(H10-H15),and binary(PM6,PBQ10,PBDS-T)polymer donors via precise...To overcome the limitations of batch-to-batch variations and donor material robustness in polymer solar cells(PSCs),we designed quaternary(H1-H9),ternary(H10-H15),and binary(PM6,PBQ10,PBDS-T)polymer donors via precise monomer ratio modulation.Due to the synergistic coordination among multiple components,the H4-based blend film demonstrated enhanced intermolecular interactions and provides additional low-energy-barrier pathways for efficient charge carrier transport.After blending with L8-BO,the H4-based films displayed a more desirable morphology and effective charge carrier transport than the categories.As a result,the H4:L8-BO-based PSCs achieved impressive power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 19.66%for binary device and 20.34%for ternary device.Besides,the introduced functional groups disrupt the regularity of the matrix polymer main chain,leading to stable and robust film morphologies.Consequently,the H4:L8-BO-based blend film not only demonstrates improved mechanical robustness,with a crack onset strain(COS)of 17.8%,and maintains a PCE of 16.35%in flexible devices,but also exhibits excellent batch-to-batch stability with significant variations in molecular weight.This work presents a strategy to simultaneously enhance device performance,mechanical robustness,and reproducibility through quaternary copolymerization,enabling controlled crystallinity and additional multichannel charge transport.展开更多
Based on the IRF(initiation,response,and feedback)classroom discourse structure model proposed by Sinclair and Coulthard,this research analyzes and studies the actual corpus of Chinese classroom teaching in Thailand,f...Based on the IRF(initiation,response,and feedback)classroom discourse structure model proposed by Sinclair and Coulthard,this research analyzes and studies the actual corpus of Chinese classroom teaching in Thailand,focusing on the structural model of teacher-student communication discourse,mainly from two aspects of teachers'feedback.On the one hand,it investigates whether IRF is fully applicable to Chinese classroom teaching and whether there are special situations to it.On the other hand,it attempts to summarize the discourse structure model of Chinese classroom teaching and explores the application of the research results in helping Chinese teachers improve their teaching quality in hope that constructive suggestions can be proposed for teaching Chinese as a foreign language.展开更多
An older urban district in Wuhan, China, is transitioning from discharging sewage and stormwater directly into lakes, to directing the sewage to wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs）. Dealing with polluted storm- wate...An older urban district in Wuhan, China, is transitioning from discharging sewage and stormwater directly into lakes, to directing the sewage to wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs）. Dealing with polluted storm- water discharge is a great challenge. Stormwater runoff from an urban catchment with a combined sewer system was sampled and analyzed over a three-year period. Results indicate that wet weather flows account for 66%, 31%, 17%, and 13 % of the total load of suspended solids （SS）, chemical oxygen demand （COD）, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus, respectively. The first flush of COD and SS was significant in all runoff events. More than 50% of the SS and COD loads were transported by the first 30% of runoff volume. Storage and treatment of the first 10 mm from each combined sewer overflow event could reduce more than 70% of the annual COD overflow load. An integrated solution is recommended, consisting of a tank connected to the WWTP and a detention pond, to store and treat the combined sewer overflow （CSO）. These results may be helpful in mitigating CSO pollution for many other urban areas in China and other developing countries.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the necessity of community health service(CHS)development in Jiangxi province based on the current status of healthcare in Jiangxi Province.Method:The study did a systematic survey on the CHS deve...Objective:To analyze the necessity of community health service(CHS)development in Jiangxi province based on the current status of healthcare in Jiangxi Province.Method:The study did a systematic survey on the CHS development among health service organizations in Jiangxi province.The data of the survey were analyzed with system archetype analysis of Peter Senge.Results:Through system analysis,four limits-to-growth archetypes were built and analyzed.The obstacles restricting the development of healthcare systems were determined,and some effective countermeasures were proposed accordingly.Conclusion:In order to foster the sustainable development of healthcare in Jiangxi province and alleviate the problem of“difficulty and high cost to access medical services”effectively,the government should place more emphasis on the development of CHS.展开更多
Biomass-derived carbon for CO_(2) capture is significant for reducing carbon emissions and recovering C1 resources,contributing to zero-carbon goals.However,developing biomass-based porous carbon with high CO_(2) capt...Biomass-derived carbon for CO_(2) capture is significant for reducing carbon emissions and recovering C1 resources,contributing to zero-carbon goals.However,developing biomass-based porous carbon with high CO_(2) capture while reducing regeneration energy consumption remains challenging.This study leverages the tunable pore structure and photothermal properties of biomass-based carbon,integrating adsorption and solar-driven desorption for efficient,low-energy CO_(2) capture.Specifically,mechanical compaction increased the ultramicropore volume of the porous carbon by 25%,leading to a corresponding 25%enhancement in CO_(2) adsorption capacity.Theoretical calculations and correlation analyses further elucidated that ultramicropore volume,nitrogen doping,and oxygen doping play significant roles in CO_(2) adsorption.Under one-sun illumination,the surface temperature of the prepared porous carbon rapidly rose to 57.1℃ within 6 min and stabilized around 71.0℃,resulting in a regeneration efficiency of 75%.These findings provide valuable theoretical and practical insights for the development of high-efficiency,low-energy CO_(2) capture technologies.展开更多
Objective:This study aims to achieve an empirical evaluation on the functional performances of urban community health care services in fi ve administrative districts of Nanchang city in China.Methods:In order to incre...Objective:This study aims to achieve an empirical evaluation on the functional performances of urban community health care services in fi ve administrative districts of Nanchang city in China.Methods:In order to increase effectiveness,data collected from fi ve administrative districts of Nanchang city were processed to exclude redundant information.Rough set reduction theory was brought in to evaluate the performances of community health care services in these districts through calculating key indices’weighed importance.Results:Comprehensive evaluation showed the score rankings from high to low as Qing-yunpu district,Xihu district,Qingshanhu district,Donghu district,and Wanli district.Conclusion:The objective performance evaluation had actually reflected the general situation(including social-economic status)of community health care services in these administrative districts of Nanchang.Attention and practical works of community health service management were needed to build a more harmonious and uniform community health care service system for residents in these districts of Nanchang.展开更多
In this paper, we consider a three-point boundary value problem for a system of dynamic equations with parameters on time scales. Applying fixed point theorems,we give the existence of positive solutions to the proble...In this paper, we consider a three-point boundary value problem for a system of dynamic equations with parameters on time scales. Applying fixed point theorems,we give the existence of positive solutions to the problem. Examples are also included to illustrate our results.展开更多
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment(No.2018ZX07110004)。
文摘Organic polymeric flocculants are commonly used in improving dredged sludge dewaterability, but less attention has been paid to residual water quality. In this paper, the effects of cationic etherified starch(CS) and poly-dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride(PDDA) on dredged sludge dewatering efficiency and residual water quality of Baiyangdian lake were comprehensively investigated and evaluated by analytic hierarchy process(AHP). The results indicated that PDDA had stronger electrical effect and flocculation performance compared with CS, resulting in more efficient dewatering performance. PDDA can reduce the pollutants of discharged residual water, while CS significantly promoted the increase of NH_(4)^(+)-N and NO_(3)^(–)-N in the residual water. The increase of NH_(4)^(+)-N in the residual water of CS was due to the release of dredged sludge, while the increase of NO_(3)^(-)-N was introduced by CS leaching. AHP showed that PDDA performed better in flocculation treatment of dredged sludge than other organic polymers. This work provides a method for optimization of flocculation treatment for dredged sludge dewaterability.
基金Supported by the China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists(51025932)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51179128)Program of Shanghai Academic Chief Scientist(11XD1405200)
文摘Conventional methods for hollow cylinder apparatus （HCA） specimen preparation are not applicable for T J-1 lunar soil simulant due to its wide particle size distribution. A novel method to prepare uniform T J-1 specimen for HCA tests is put forward. The method is a combination of the multi-layering dry-rodding method and a new under-compaction criterion in the multi-layer with under-compaction method （UCM）. In the novel method, the specimen is prepared with 5 layers by dry-rodding and the UCM is used to determine the height after each layer is compacted. The density uniformity of specimen is evaluated by the freezing method to find out the best under-compaction criterion. Two HCA specimens with the same target density are prepared by the novel method and examined in the tests of pure rotation of the principal stresses. Their conformable mechanical behaviors ascertain the effectiveness of the method to produce uniform and reproducible HCA specimens. Four groups of HCA tests are carried out to investigate the anisotropic and non-coaxial behaviors of TJ-I lunar soil simulant. The results indicate that the principal stress direction, the deviator stress ratio, the stress level and the coefficient of the intermediate principal stress significantly influence the strength and deformation properties of T J-1 lunar soil simulant.
文摘Influences of waste materials containing tungsten on melting and crystallization of glass-ceramics are discussed in this article. High temperature melting, nucleation and crystallization of glass-ceramics were explored by means of DTA, XRD and SEM. The high temperature melting performance of glass-ceramics ingredients can be effectively improved by mixing the right amount of waste materials containing tungsten. But the additive amount should be properly controlled, the mixing content of waste materials containing tungsten should be a range of 0.5 ~ 2.0 %. In the experiment of glass-ceramics ingredients system, the molten softening temperature of base glass powder reduced about 20 ℃ by adding 1 % waste materials containing tungsten, and the nucleation temperature reduced about 15 ℃. The nucleation and crystallization performance of glass-ceramics mineral crystals can be promoted by mixing the right amount of waste materials containing tungsten. That is helpful to improve the quality of glass-ceramics products.
基金the support from the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(NSFC)(52573190 and 52303317)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20252BAC240231)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB4704004)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2024IAIS-QN016).
文摘To overcome the limitations of batch-to-batch variations and donor material robustness in polymer solar cells(PSCs),we designed quaternary(H1-H9),ternary(H10-H15),and binary(PM6,PBQ10,PBDS-T)polymer donors via precise monomer ratio modulation.Due to the synergistic coordination among multiple components,the H4-based blend film demonstrated enhanced intermolecular interactions and provides additional low-energy-barrier pathways for efficient charge carrier transport.After blending with L8-BO,the H4-based films displayed a more desirable morphology and effective charge carrier transport than the categories.As a result,the H4:L8-BO-based PSCs achieved impressive power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 19.66%for binary device and 20.34%for ternary device.Besides,the introduced functional groups disrupt the regularity of the matrix polymer main chain,leading to stable and robust film morphologies.Consequently,the H4:L8-BO-based blend film not only demonstrates improved mechanical robustness,with a crack onset strain(COS)of 17.8%,and maintains a PCE of 16.35%in flexible devices,but also exhibits excellent batch-to-batch stability with significant variations in molecular weight.This work presents a strategy to simultaneously enhance device performance,mechanical robustness,and reproducibility through quaternary copolymerization,enabling controlled crystallinity and additional multichannel charge transport.
文摘Based on the IRF(initiation,response,and feedback)classroom discourse structure model proposed by Sinclair and Coulthard,this research analyzes and studies the actual corpus of Chinese classroom teaching in Thailand,focusing on the structural model of teacher-student communication discourse,mainly from two aspects of teachers'feedback.On the one hand,it investigates whether IRF is fully applicable to Chinese classroom teaching and whether there are special situations to it.On the other hand,it attempts to summarize the discourse structure model of Chinese classroom teaching and explores the application of the research results in helping Chinese teachers improve their teaching quality in hope that constructive suggestions can be proposed for teaching Chinese as a foreign language.
文摘An older urban district in Wuhan, China, is transitioning from discharging sewage and stormwater directly into lakes, to directing the sewage to wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs）. Dealing with polluted storm- water discharge is a great challenge. Stormwater runoff from an urban catchment with a combined sewer system was sampled and analyzed over a three-year period. Results indicate that wet weather flows account for 66%, 31%, 17%, and 13 % of the total load of suspended solids （SS）, chemical oxygen demand （COD）, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus, respectively. The first flush of COD and SS was significant in all runoff events. More than 50% of the SS and COD loads were transported by the first 30% of runoff volume. Storage and treatment of the first 10 mm from each combined sewer overflow event could reduce more than 70% of the annual COD overflow load. An integrated solution is recommended, consisting of a tank connected to the WWTP and a detention pond, to store and treat the combined sewer overflow （CSO）. These results may be helpful in mitigating CSO pollution for many other urban areas in China and other developing countries.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant NO.71163016)Science and Technology Planning Project of Jiangxi Educational Committee(GJJ 13559)。
文摘Objective:To analyze the necessity of community health service(CHS)development in Jiangxi province based on the current status of healthcare in Jiangxi Province.Method:The study did a systematic survey on the CHS development among health service organizations in Jiangxi province.The data of the survey were analyzed with system archetype analysis of Peter Senge.Results:Through system analysis,four limits-to-growth archetypes were built and analyzed.The obstacles restricting the development of healthcare systems were determined,and some effective countermeasures were proposed accordingly.Conclusion:In order to foster the sustainable development of healthcare in Jiangxi province and alleviate the problem of“difficulty and high cost to access medical services”effectively,the government should place more emphasis on the development of CHS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52475344)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation Joint Local Fund(2024JJ7647).
文摘Biomass-derived carbon for CO_(2) capture is significant for reducing carbon emissions and recovering C1 resources,contributing to zero-carbon goals.However,developing biomass-based porous carbon with high CO_(2) capture while reducing regeneration energy consumption remains challenging.This study leverages the tunable pore structure and photothermal properties of biomass-based carbon,integrating adsorption and solar-driven desorption for efficient,low-energy CO_(2) capture.Specifically,mechanical compaction increased the ultramicropore volume of the porous carbon by 25%,leading to a corresponding 25%enhancement in CO_(2) adsorption capacity.Theoretical calculations and correlation analyses further elucidated that ultramicropore volume,nitrogen doping,and oxygen doping play significant roles in CO_(2) adsorption.Under one-sun illumination,the surface temperature of the prepared porous carbon rapidly rose to 57.1℃ within 6 min and stabilized around 71.0℃,resulting in a regeneration efficiency of 75%.These findings provide valuable theoretical and practical insights for the development of high-efficiency,low-energy CO_(2) capture technologies.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2011[71163016]the Technology Project of Provincial Education Department of Jiangxi in 2013[GJJ13559].
文摘Objective:This study aims to achieve an empirical evaluation on the functional performances of urban community health care services in fi ve administrative districts of Nanchang city in China.Methods:In order to increase effectiveness,data collected from fi ve administrative districts of Nanchang city were processed to exclude redundant information.Rough set reduction theory was brought in to evaluate the performances of community health care services in these districts through calculating key indices’weighed importance.Results:Comprehensive evaluation showed the score rankings from high to low as Qing-yunpu district,Xihu district,Qingshanhu district,Donghu district,and Wanli district.Conclusion:The objective performance evaluation had actually reflected the general situation(including social-economic status)of community health care services in these administrative districts of Nanchang.Attention and practical works of community health service management were needed to build a more harmonious and uniform community health care service system for residents in these districts of Nanchang.
文摘In this paper, we consider a three-point boundary value problem for a system of dynamic equations with parameters on time scales. Applying fixed point theorems,we give the existence of positive solutions to the problem. Examples are also included to illustrate our results.
