Transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)recently attracted widespread attention due to their potential application to the electrocatalysis of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).However,their HER performance is far inf...Transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)recently attracted widespread attention due to their potential application to the electrocatalysis of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).However,their HER performance is far inferior to that of platinum(Pt)metal.Preparation of multi-elemental alloy and construction of heterostructure are considered as highly effective methods to enhance hydrogen production activity.Herein,a novel quaternary CoMoSSe alloy with heterostructure was synthesized on the surface of carbon black(CB)particles(CoMoSSe@CB)by a simple Sol-Gel process and thereafter served as HER catalyst.Compared to CoSe@CB and MoS2@CB electrocatalysts,CoMoSSe@CB exhibits superior HER activity with a low overpotential of 190 mV at-10 mA·cm^(-2) and a Tafel slope of 62 mV·dec^(-1).This improvement is attributed to the alloying effects among Co,Mo,S and Se,as well as the heterogeneous structure in the composite material,which regulate the electronic structure and intermediate free energy,thereby increasing the number of active sites and enhancing charge-transfer ability.This work can provide new ideas and concepts for designing novel and efficient TMD electrocatalysts.展开更多
Immunoglobulin G against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG-Ig G) is detectable in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD) without aquaporin-4 Ig G(AQP4-Ig G), but its pathogenicity remains unclear.In this ...Immunoglobulin G against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG-Ig G) is detectable in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD) without aquaporin-4 Ig G(AQP4-Ig G), but its pathogenicity remains unclear.In this study, we explored the pathogenic mechanisms of MOG-Ig G in vitro and in vivo and compared them with those of AQP4-Ig G. MOG-Ig G-positive serum induced complement activation and cell death in human embryonic kidney(HEK)-293 T cells transfected with human MOG. In C57 BL/6 mice and Sprague-Dawley rats, MOG-Ig G only caused lesions in the presence of complement. Interestingly, AQP4-Ig G induced astroglial damage, while MOGIg G mainly caused myelin loss. MOG-Ig G also induced astrocyte damage in mouse brains in the presence ofcomplement. Importantly, we also observed ultrastructural changes induced by MOG-Ig G and AQP4-Ig G. These findings suggest that MOG-Ig G directly mediates cell death by activating complement in vitro and producing NMOSDlike lesions in vivo. AQP4-Ig G directly targets astrocytes,while MOG-Ig G mainly damages oligodendrocytes.展开更多
A preliminary clinical study by our group demonstrated Bushen Yisui Capsule （formerly called Er- huang Formula） in combination with conventional therapy is an effective prescription for the treat- ment of multiple s...A preliminary clinical study by our group demonstrated Bushen Yisui Capsule （formerly called Er- huang Formula） in combination with conventional therapy is an effective prescription for the treat- ment of multiple sclerosis. However, its effect on axonal injury during early multiple sclerosis re- mains unclear. In this study, a MOG35 55-immunized C57BL/6 mouse model of experimental auto- immune encephalomyelitis was intragastrically administered Bushen Yisui Capsule. The results showed that Bushen Yisui Capsule effectively improved clinical symptoms and neurological function of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In addition, amyloid precursor protein expression was down-regulated and microtubule-associated protein 2 was up-regulated. Experimental findings indicate that the disease-preventive mechanism of Bushen Yisui Capsule in experimental autoim- mune encephalomyelitis was mediated by amelioration of axonal damage and promotion of regen- eration. But the effects of the high-dose Bushen Yisui Capsule group was not better than that of the medium-dose and low-dose Bushen Yisui Capsule group in preventing neurological dysfunction.展开更多
基金Scientific Research and Innovation Team Program of Sichuan University of Science and Engineering(SUSE652B004,2024RC13)Special Basic Cooperative Research Programs of Yunnan Provincial Undergraduate Universities Association(202101BA070001-085)。
文摘Transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)recently attracted widespread attention due to their potential application to the electrocatalysis of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).However,their HER performance is far inferior to that of platinum(Pt)metal.Preparation of multi-elemental alloy and construction of heterostructure are considered as highly effective methods to enhance hydrogen production activity.Herein,a novel quaternary CoMoSSe alloy with heterostructure was synthesized on the surface of carbon black(CB)particles(CoMoSSe@CB)by a simple Sol-Gel process and thereafter served as HER catalyst.Compared to CoSe@CB and MoS2@CB electrocatalysts,CoMoSSe@CB exhibits superior HER activity with a low overpotential of 190 mV at-10 mA·cm^(-2) and a Tafel slope of 62 mV·dec^(-1).This improvement is attributed to the alloying effects among Co,Mo,S and Se,as well as the heterogeneous structure in the composite material,which regulate the electronic structure and intermediate free energy,thereby increasing the number of active sites and enhancing charge-transfer ability.This work can provide new ideas and concepts for designing novel and efficient TMD electrocatalysts.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81471218 and 81771300)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (2017A030313853)
文摘Immunoglobulin G against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG-Ig G) is detectable in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD) without aquaporin-4 Ig G(AQP4-Ig G), but its pathogenicity remains unclear.In this study, we explored the pathogenic mechanisms of MOG-Ig G in vitro and in vivo and compared them with those of AQP4-Ig G. MOG-Ig G-positive serum induced complement activation and cell death in human embryonic kidney(HEK)-293 T cells transfected with human MOG. In C57 BL/6 mice and Sprague-Dawley rats, MOG-Ig G only caused lesions in the presence of complement. Interestingly, AQP4-Ig G induced astroglial damage, while MOGIg G mainly caused myelin loss. MOG-Ig G also induced astrocyte damage in mouse brains in the presence ofcomplement. Importantly, we also observed ultrastructural changes induced by MOG-Ig G and AQP4-Ig G. These findings suggest that MOG-Ig G directly mediates cell death by activating complement in vitro and producing NMOSDlike lesions in vivo. AQP4-Ig G directly targets astrocytes,while MOG-Ig G mainly damages oligodendrocytes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81072765,81173237,81273742Scientific Research Key Project of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education,No.KZ201310025023Special Fund for Capital Traditional Chinese Medicine and Nursing Research,No.12ZYH01
文摘A preliminary clinical study by our group demonstrated Bushen Yisui Capsule （formerly called Er- huang Formula） in combination with conventional therapy is an effective prescription for the treat- ment of multiple sclerosis. However, its effect on axonal injury during early multiple sclerosis re- mains unclear. In this study, a MOG35 55-immunized C57BL/6 mouse model of experimental auto- immune encephalomyelitis was intragastrically administered Bushen Yisui Capsule. The results showed that Bushen Yisui Capsule effectively improved clinical symptoms and neurological function of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In addition, amyloid precursor protein expression was down-regulated and microtubule-associated protein 2 was up-regulated. Experimental findings indicate that the disease-preventive mechanism of Bushen Yisui Capsule in experimental autoim- mune encephalomyelitis was mediated by amelioration of axonal damage and promotion of regen- eration. But the effects of the high-dose Bushen Yisui Capsule group was not better than that of the medium-dose and low-dose Bushen Yisui Capsule group in preventing neurological dysfunction.
