A gigantic project named Gully Land Consolidation(GLC)was launched in the hillgully region of the Chinese Loess Plateau in 2011 to cope with land degradation and create new farmlands for cultivation.The dynamic change...A gigantic project named Gully Land Consolidation(GLC)was launched in the hillgully region of the Chinese Loess Plateau in 2011 to cope with land degradation and create new farmlands for cultivation.The dynamic change of groundwater table and loess subsidence in the backfilled farmland are the main causes of site disasters and soil disease,but there is a lack of research on these issues.Based on this,the Shijiagou(SJG)backfilled farmland which is a typical GLC engineering site located in Ansai District,Yan'an City,Shaanxi Province was selected as the study area in this paper.Field site monitoring was carried out in this area,including four aspects of monitoring:rainfall,groundwater table,soil moisture and soil settlement displacement.The following findings were obtained from the analysis of the monitoring data in 2019-2020:(1)The backfilled farmlands have suffered a significant groundwater table rise.And the percentage increase of groundwater table increased from the upstream of F-1(such as 49.2%,46.3%,26.4%)to the downstream of F-5(90.0%,52.3%,34.2%correspondingly),which is related to the terrain of the valley channel and dam seepage.It is also revealed that rainfall characteristics are positively correlated with the depth of water infiltration and groundwater table.(2)The influence depth of rainfall infiltration on soil moisture of the backfilled loess in the GLC study area is no more than 2.5 m,and that within 1.5 m depth is significantly affected by rainfall.In addition,the dramatic rise in the groundwater table led to a steep increase in soil moisture,thus the soil underwent collapse deformation due to water immersion,and the farmland experienced large subsidence displacement.(3)The backfilled loess of the GLC farmland was in a continuous consolidation and settlement stage after the filling completion.With the passage of time,the settlement displacement and settlement rate of the backfilled loess gradually decreased,from 1.0-1.9 mm/d in 2019 to 0.4-0.8 mm/d in 2020,which indicates the GLC farmland tended to be stable.This study reveals the hydrological evolution characteristics and settlement deformation laws of the backfilled loess,which is important for the stability of the farmland and the management of the GLC project.展开更多
Objective:To examine the relationship between metabolic syndrome(MS)and its key components in granulomatous mastitis(GM),we explored potential pathological mechanisms through the lens of traditional Chinese medicine(T...Objective:To examine the relationship between metabolic syndrome(MS)and its key components in granulomatous mastitis(GM),we explored potential pathological mechanisms through the lens of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),particularly the concept of intermingled phlegm-blood stasis.Methods:In this retrospective study,we enrolled 172 patients with GM and 164 patients with non-inflammatory benign breast masses.Metabolic indicators(waist circumference[WC],blood lipids,etc.),inflammatory markers(C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α),and adipose tissue CD68 expression were measured.Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate diagnostic efficacy.The correlation between TCM pathogenesis and biomarkers was also examined.Results:MS prevalence was significantly higher in the GM group than in the controls(26.16%vs.6.10%,P<.001).Multivariate analysis identified abdominal obesity(WC≥80 cm,odds ratio[OR]=1.065)and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C;<1.29 mmol/L,OR=0.066)as independent risk factors for GM(P<.001 for both).Among patients with GM,HDL-C levels were inversely correlated with inflammatory markers(r=−0.341 to−0.440),whereas patients with concurrent MS demonstrated greater CD68 macrophage infiltration(P<.001).According to TCM,abdominal obesity corresponds to“spleen deficiency with phlegm-dampness accumulation,”and low HDL-C reflects“deficiency of vital qi,”which collectively lead to phlegm-blood stasis obstruction in the mammary collaterals;this aligns with the key MS driving mechanisms of chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation.Conclusion:MS promotes GM development through chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation,with abdominal obesity and low HDL-C levels serving as core risk factors.The TCM theory of intermingled phlegm-blood stasis provides a novel interpretation of the metabolic-inflammatory mechanisms underlying GM.Accordingly,we propose phlegm-resolving and blood-activating strategies as potential therapeutic approaches for metabolic-immune axis regulation.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> Focusing of an area array camera is an important step in making a high precision imaging camera. Its testing method needs special study. In this paper, a method of cam...<div style="text-align:justify;"> Focusing of an area array camera is an important step in making a high precision imaging camera. Its testing method needs special study. In this paper, a method of camera focusing is introduced. The defocusing depth of camera is calculated by using the frequency spectrum of defocused image. This method is especially suitable for the focusing of the Planar Array Camera, and avoids the complicated work of adjusting the focus plane of the planar array camera in the focusing process. </div>展开更多
Photothermal therapy(PTT)using near-infrared(NIR)light for tumor treatment has triggered extensive attentions because of its advantages of noninvasion and convenience.The current research on PTT usually uses lasers in...Photothermal therapy(PTT)using near-infrared(NIR)light for tumor treatment has triggered extensive attentions because of its advantages of noninvasion and convenience.The current research on PTT usually uses lasers in the first NIR window(NIR-I;700–900 nm)as irradiation source.However,the second NIR window(NIR-II;1000–1700 nm)especially NIRIIa window(1300–1400 nm)is considered much more promising in diagnosis and treatment as its superiority in penetration depth and maximum permissible exposure over NIR-I window.Hereby,we propose the use of laser excitation at 1275 nm,which is approved by Food and Drug Administration for physical therapy,as an attractive technique for PTT to balance of tissue absorption and scattering with water absorption.Specifically,CuS-PEG nanoparticles with similar absorption values at 1275 and 808 nm,a conventional NIR-I window for PTT,were synthesized as PTT agents and a comparison platform,to explore the potential of 1275 and 808 nm lasers for PTT,especially in deep-tissue settings.The results showed that 1275 nm laser was practicable in PTT.It exhibited much more desirable outcomes in cell ablation in vitro and deep-tissue antitumor capabilities in vivo compared to that of 808 nm laser.NIR-IIa laser illumination is superior to NIR-I laser for deep-tissue PTT,and shows high potential to improve the PTT outcome.展开更多
In the present paper, we investigate the majorization property for certain new class of multivalent meromorphic analytic functions defined by Salagean operator. Moreover, we point out some new and interesting applicat...In the present paper, we investigate the majorization property for certain new class of multivalent meromorphic analytic functions defined by Salagean operator. Moreover, we point out some new and interesting applications of our main result to the other classes of multivalent meromorphic functions.展开更多
Transposons are sequence elements widely distributed among genomes of all three kingdoms of life, providing genomic changes and playing significant roles in genome evolution. Trichomonas vaginalis is an excellent mode...Transposons are sequence elements widely distributed among genomes of all three kingdoms of life, providing genomic changes and playing significant roles in genome evolution. Trichomonas vaginalis is an excellent model system for transposon study since its genome （- 160 Mb） has been sequenced and is composed of - 65% transposons and other repetitive elements. In this study, we primarily report the identification of Kolobok-type transposons （termed tvBac） in T. vaginalis and the results of transposase sequence analysis. We categorized 24 novel subfamilies of the Kolobok element, including one autonomous subfamily and 23 non-autonomous subfamilies. We also identified a novel H2CH motif in tvBac transposases based on multiple sequence alignment. In addition, we supposed that tvBac and Mutator transposons may have evolved independently from a common ancestor according to our phylogenetic analysis. Our results provide basic information for the understanding of the function and evolution of tvBac transposons in particular and other related transposon families in general.展开更多
The large-scale implementation of the Gully Stabilization and Land Reclamation(GSLR)project induces various failures of loess slopes due to excavation in Yan'an,China.However,the deformation and failure behavior o...The large-scale implementation of the Gully Stabilization and Land Reclamation(GSLR)project induces various failures of loess slopes due to excavation in Yan'an,China.However,the deformation and failure behavior of these excavated loess slopes have not been fully understood.In this study,field investigation was undertaken for analyzing the distributions and failure features of excavation-induced loess slope failures.It is found that plastic failure mainly occurs in Q_(3) loess layers and brittle failure in Q_(2).To understand the underlying failure mechanism,a series of triaxial shear tests were conducted on intact Q_(3) and Q_(2) loess samples that with different water contents,namely natural water content(natural),dry side of the natural value(drying 5%),and wet side(wetting 5%).The characteristics of stress-strain curves and failure modes of the samples were analyzed.Results show that the stress-strain curves of Q_(2) samples are dominated by strain-softening characteristics,while Q_(3) samples mainly exhibit strain-harden features except in the drying state.Correspondingly,shear failures of Q_(3) specimens are mainly caused by shear crack planes(single,X or V-shaped).For Q_(2) loess,the dominance of tensile cracks is observed on the surface of damaged specimens.These disclose the different failure modes of excavated slopes located in different strata,that is,the arc sliding failure of Q_(3) loess slopes and the stepped tensile failure of Q_(2) loess slopes,and are helpful in the design and management of the ongoing GSLR projects in the Loess Plateau.展开更多
According to the characteristic of Grid geographical information system (GridGIS), data distribution, heterogeneity and diversity in the grid environment, combining the high demand for shared resources and the purpose...According to the characteristic of Grid geographical information system (GridGIS), data distribution, heterogeneity and diversity in the grid environment, combining the high demand for shared resources and the purpose to realize unified and efficient management and sharing of distributed and mass resources, this paper proposed a grid GIS application building program on a number of peer-to-peer global Managers designs. This paper discussed the building process of the application domain, the selection criteria of application domain manager, the database design of application domain, and every service function module design of application domain. The integration of the application domain builds the three-tier management system of the node, the application domain, and the global management. The spatial query tests of distributed environment have shown that, the application domain is established to manage and share the distributed resources efficiently, and enhance the business processing functions in the grid environment.展开更多
The structure-performance relationship of Cu/Al_(2)O_(3) catalysts in the hydrogenation of diethyl oxalate(DEO)for the synthesis of alcohol ether esters has been investigated by various characterization techniques inc...The structure-performance relationship of Cu/Al_(2)O_(3) catalysts in the hydrogenation of diethyl oxalate(DEO)for the synthesis of alcohol ether esters has been investigated by various characterization techniques including XRD,XPS,N2O titration,and 27Al MAS-NMR.The results showed that when the crystal configurations of Al_(2)O_(3) were the same,increasing the specific surface area could effectively refine the size of copper nanoparticles(Cu NPs),and ultimately improve the conversion of DEO.Meanwhile,the smaller size ofγ-Al_(2)O_(3)(HSAl and SBAl)loaded Cu NPs promotes the reaction towards the deep hydrogenation to produce ethanol(EtOH)and ethylene glycol(EG).Besides,the larger size of Cu NPs on the surface of amorphous Al_(2)O_(3)(HTAl and SolAl)resulted in a lower conversion rate,where ethyl glycolate(Egly)is the main product.Despite there are differences in Al^(3+)ionic coordination in Al_(2)O_(3) with different crystal structures,the experimental data showed that the differences in Al^(3+)ionic coordination did not significantly affect the catalytic performance in the hydrogenation reaction.The formation of alcohol-ether ester chemicals is critically dependent on the interactions between Cu sites and acidic sites.Among them,EG and EtOH were dehydrated to form 2-ethoxyethanol via the SN2 mechanism,while Egly and EtOH were reacted to form ethyl ethoxyacetate(EEA)via the SN2 mechanism.This study provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of the coal-based glycol processes to achieve a diversified product portfolio.展开更多
Laboratory and field observations have suggested a correlation between contact dynamics and slow dynamics.The underlying mechanical mechanisms at the contact level require investigation at the nanoscale.This study use...Laboratory and field observations have suggested a correlation between contact dynamics and slow dynamics.The underlying mechanical mechanisms at the contact level require investigation at the nanoscale.This study uses molecular dynamics(MD)simulations to investigate the interactions between two quartz plates separated by a water film,focusing on the relationship between adhesion force and separation distance.The density and orientation angle profiles were calculated from simulation data to investigate the relationship between the interfacial structure of the water film and contact potential.The simulations reveal multiple metastable states of the contact potential,consistent with existing theoretical models.The results show that the contact force is influenced by the structure of the water film,including oscillation forces and stratification.This provided verification and development for existing theoretical models based on metastable contacts.展开更多
Objective:Transdermal drug delivery systems represent a critical focus in the pharmaceutics field;however,their use is limited by the fact that many drugs usually pass through the skin with low permeability.Menthol is...Objective:Transdermal drug delivery systems represent a critical focus in the pharmaceutics field;however,their use is limited by the fact that many drugs usually pass through the skin with low permeability.Menthol is a common penetration enhancer because of its high penetration-enhancing efficiency and safety.Our research aimed to reveal the penetrationenhancing mechanisms of menthol via a multiscale study.Methods:First,the interaction of menthol with the stratum corneum was studied using vertical Franz diffusion cells obtained from the abdominal skin of rats as a model.Then,the skin samples were observed via transmission electron microscopy.Finally,the interaction of different concentrations of menthol with a mixed lipid model of the stratum corneum was investigated via molecular dynamics simulation using the GROMOS 54A7 force field on a microcosmic level.Results:At concentrations of 3.5%or lower,menthol changed the original structure of the stratum corneum to varying degrees,which increased its fluidity and facilitated the permeation and storage of menthol.Menthol increased the fluidity of the stratum corneum mainly via two mechanisms.First,menthol had strong hydrogen-bonding capability,and it could compete for the lipidelipid hydrogen bonding sites,thereby weakening the stability of the hydrogenbonding network connecting the skin lipids.In addition,menthol had strong affinity for cholesterol,probably due to their similar molecular structures,suggesting that the incorporation of menthol would increase the fluidity of the lipid membrane similarly to cholesterol.Conclusion:The penetration-enhancing mechanism of menthol was explained using in vitro and molecular dynamics simulation methods.These findings may advance the basic research of transdermal drug delivery systems and facilitate the discoveries of novel penetration enhancers.展开更多
Consistency between the brightness temperatures observed with a ground-based microwave radiometer and the brightness temperatures computed by forward modeling is important in many different data applications. Using th...Consistency between the brightness temperatures observed with a ground-based microwave radiometer and the brightness temperatures computed by forward modeling is important in many different data applications. Using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction-Final Operational Global Analysis (NCEP-FNL) dataset as a reference, the brightness temperature was obtained through the radiation transfer model for forward calculation. The problem of segmented features in long time of observational data from ground-based microwave radiometers (the so-called “jumping problem”) was identified. By analyzing the deviation and correlation between the observational bright temperature data and the forward calculated data under clear sky conditions, a revised scheme is proposed for the bright temperature observational data. Data obtained with a ground-based microwave radiometer in Beijing from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2011 around the date of liquid nitrogen calibration show that the correlation between the observed brightness temperatures and the forward computed brightness temperatures is better after correction, especially at 28 and 30 GHz. The “jumping” problem in the observational data for the brightness temperature is eliminated after correction and the time continuity of the observational data and its consistency with the forward calculated data based on the NCEP-FNL dataset are improved. The proposed correction scheme can be used both for real-time data quality control and to improve the accuracy of historical datasets obtained with poorly calibrated microwave radiometers or radiometers working in polluted environments.展开更多
In recent years,the national higher education reform has proposed the concept of curriculum ideological and political education as a major element.This integration into the standardized training of general practice re...In recent years,the national higher education reform has proposed the concept of curriculum ideological and political education as a major element.This integration into the standardized training of general practice residents(commonly referred to as general resident training)is an unavoidable trend in the teaching field.Based on the actual situation of our unit at The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University,this paper emphasizes the necessity of incorporating ideological and political education into the general resident training curriculum,despite the absence of pertinent practical experience in how to effectively incorporate such courses into comprehensive residential training.In our hospital,we must assess the ideological and political education in the curriculum of general resident training,proposing a scientific,reasonable ideological and political education concept system for general practice courses,integrating ideological and political education with general practice resident training,and strengthening the team of ideological and political education physicians to teach them to carry out such education,this would foster enthusiasm and initiative.Strengthening admission education and training for general practice resident training,as well as regularly hosting symposiums to share ideas and understand the mission of doctors can provide effective experience for ideological and political education in general resident training courses.展开更多
Polynary transition-metal layered hydroxides are promising energy materials owing to their unique architecture,impressive theoretical capacities,and adjustable compositions.Regulating the dimensional morphology and ac...Polynary transition-metal layered hydroxides are promising energy materials owing to their unique architecture,impressive theoretical capacities,and adjustable compositions.Regulating the dimensional morphology and active sites/redox states are the keys to electrochemical performance enhancement.Distinguish from the reported mono-metal or binary-metal configurations,a new ternary-metal AlCoNi-LTH is coanchored onto a highly graphitized porous N-doped carbon matrix to develop superior 3D hierarchical microporous functional energy hybrids AlCoNi-LTHs/NAC.The constructed hybrids possess superior structural durability,good electrical conductivity,and rich active sites due to the strong interfacial conjunction and favorable synergistic effect between the doped porous carbon and AlCoNi nanosheets.Consequently,the AlCoNi-LTHs/NAC hybrids demonstrate high conductivity,reasonable specific surface area,and superior specific capacitance,and the assembled hybrid battery-type supercapacitor reveals an ideal energy density of 72.6 Wh kg^(-1)at a power density of 625 W kg^(-1),which is superior to the reported devices.This strategy opens a platform to rationally design polynary transition-metal layered hydroxides and their hybrids for efficient supercapacitors.展开更多
Developing advanced battery-type materials with abundant active sites,high conductivity,versatile morphologies,and hierarchically porous structures is crucial for realizing high-quality hybrid supercapacitors.Herein,h...Developing advanced battery-type materials with abundant active sites,high conductivity,versatile morphologies,and hierarchically porous structures is crucial for realizing high-quality hybrid supercapacitors.Herein,heterogeneous FeS@NiS is synthesized by cationic Co doping via surface-structure engineering.The density functional theory(DFT)theoretical calculations are firstly performed to predict the advantages of Co dopant by improving the OH^(−)adsorption properties and adjusting electronic structure,benefiting ions/electron transfer.The dynamic surface evolution is further explored which demonstrates that CoFeS@CoNiS could be quickly reconstructed to Ni(Co)Fe_(2)O_(4)during the charging process,while the unstable structure of the amorphous Ni(Co)Fe_(2)O_(4)results in partial conversion to Ni/Co/FeOOH at high potentials,which contributes to the more reactive active site and good structural stability.Thus,the free-standing electrode reveals excellent electrochemical performance with a superior capacity(335.6 mA h g^(−1),2684 F g^(−1))at 3 A g^(−1).Furthermore,the as-fabricated device shows a quality energy density of 78.1 W h kg^(−1)at a power density of 750 W kg^(−1)and excellent cycle life of 92.1%capacitance retention after 5000 cycles.This work offers a facile strategy to construct versatile morphological structures using electrochemical activation and holds promising applications in energy-related fields.展开更多
This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of Astaxanthin(AST)in rats with diabetes mellitus(DM)induced by streptozotocin.SD rats were divided into control group(n=5,only received normal saline),DM ...This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of Astaxanthin(AST)in rats with diabetes mellitus(DM)induced by streptozotocin.SD rats were divided into control group(n=5,only received normal saline),DM group(n=8)and AST+DM group(n=8;AST:50 mg/kg/day).DM rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin(STZ,65 mg/kg).Blood glucose level and body weight were determined at weeks 0,2,4,6 and 8,respectively.At week 8,kidney function was determined,together with expression of P53 and dynamin-related protein-1(Drp1)by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence.AST led to increase of body weight in rats with DM.AST+DM group showed a significant decrease in blood glucose level at week 4 compared with DM group(P<0.05).AST improved renal function and significantly reduced expression of P53 and Drp1 in DM rats.In addition,AST can effectively reduce the blood glucose in DM rats,and delayed the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.Such delay mediated by AST may be associated with the downregulation of Drp1 and P53.展开更多
Density functional theory（DFT） and time-dependent density functional theory（TDDFT） methods are used to investigate the influences of intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding on excited-state intramolecul...Density functional theory（DFT） and time-dependent density functional theory（TDDFT） methods are used to investigate the influences of intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding on excited-state intramolecular proton transfer（ESIPT） for the 4-N,N-（diethylamino）-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde（DEAHB）. The structures of DEAHB and its hydrogenbonded complex in the ground-state and the excited-state are optimized. In addition, the detailed descriptions of frontier molecular orbitals of the DEAHB monomer and DEAHB-DMSO complex are presented. Moreover, the transition density matrix is worked out to gain deeper insight into the orbitals change. It is hoped that the present work not only elaborates different influence mechanisms between intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions on the ESIPT process for DEAHB, but also may be helpful to design and develop new materials and applications involved DEAHB systems in the future.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young People(No.41825018)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA23090402)the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41790442)。
文摘A gigantic project named Gully Land Consolidation(GLC)was launched in the hillgully region of the Chinese Loess Plateau in 2011 to cope with land degradation and create new farmlands for cultivation.The dynamic change of groundwater table and loess subsidence in the backfilled farmland are the main causes of site disasters and soil disease,but there is a lack of research on these issues.Based on this,the Shijiagou(SJG)backfilled farmland which is a typical GLC engineering site located in Ansai District,Yan'an City,Shaanxi Province was selected as the study area in this paper.Field site monitoring was carried out in this area,including four aspects of monitoring:rainfall,groundwater table,soil moisture and soil settlement displacement.The following findings were obtained from the analysis of the monitoring data in 2019-2020:(1)The backfilled farmlands have suffered a significant groundwater table rise.And the percentage increase of groundwater table increased from the upstream of F-1(such as 49.2%,46.3%,26.4%)to the downstream of F-5(90.0%,52.3%,34.2%correspondingly),which is related to the terrain of the valley channel and dam seepage.It is also revealed that rainfall characteristics are positively correlated with the depth of water infiltration and groundwater table.(2)The influence depth of rainfall infiltration on soil moisture of the backfilled loess in the GLC study area is no more than 2.5 m,and that within 1.5 m depth is significantly affected by rainfall.In addition,the dramatic rise in the groundwater table led to a steep increase in soil moisture,thus the soil underwent collapse deformation due to water immersion,and the farmland experienced large subsidence displacement.(3)The backfilled loess of the GLC farmland was in a continuous consolidation and settlement stage after the filling completion.With the passage of time,the settlement displacement and settlement rate of the backfilled loess gradually decreased,from 1.0-1.9 mm/d in 2019 to 0.4-0.8 mm/d in 2020,which indicates the GLC farmland tended to be stable.This study reveals the hydrological evolution characteristics and settlement deformation laws of the backfilled loess,which is important for the stability of the farmland and the management of the GLC project.
基金supported by the Major Clinical Research Project of Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center(SHDC2020CR2051B)the Natural Science Foundation Project of Shanghai“Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan”(23ZR1463800)Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine“Visiting Leading Universities and Mentorship by Masters”Talent Development Program(HR018).
文摘Objective:To examine the relationship between metabolic syndrome(MS)and its key components in granulomatous mastitis(GM),we explored potential pathological mechanisms through the lens of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),particularly the concept of intermingled phlegm-blood stasis.Methods:In this retrospective study,we enrolled 172 patients with GM and 164 patients with non-inflammatory benign breast masses.Metabolic indicators(waist circumference[WC],blood lipids,etc.),inflammatory markers(C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α),and adipose tissue CD68 expression were measured.Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate diagnostic efficacy.The correlation between TCM pathogenesis and biomarkers was also examined.Results:MS prevalence was significantly higher in the GM group than in the controls(26.16%vs.6.10%,P<.001).Multivariate analysis identified abdominal obesity(WC≥80 cm,odds ratio[OR]=1.065)and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C;<1.29 mmol/L,OR=0.066)as independent risk factors for GM(P<.001 for both).Among patients with GM,HDL-C levels were inversely correlated with inflammatory markers(r=−0.341 to−0.440),whereas patients with concurrent MS demonstrated greater CD68 macrophage infiltration(P<.001).According to TCM,abdominal obesity corresponds to“spleen deficiency with phlegm-dampness accumulation,”and low HDL-C reflects“deficiency of vital qi,”which collectively lead to phlegm-blood stasis obstruction in the mammary collaterals;this aligns with the key MS driving mechanisms of chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation.Conclusion:MS promotes GM development through chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation,with abdominal obesity and low HDL-C levels serving as core risk factors.The TCM theory of intermingled phlegm-blood stasis provides a novel interpretation of the metabolic-inflammatory mechanisms underlying GM.Accordingly,we propose phlegm-resolving and blood-activating strategies as potential therapeutic approaches for metabolic-immune axis regulation.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> Focusing of an area array camera is an important step in making a high precision imaging camera. Its testing method needs special study. In this paper, a method of camera focusing is introduced. The defocusing depth of camera is calculated by using the frequency spectrum of defocused image. This method is especially suitable for the focusing of the Planar Array Camera, and avoids the complicated work of adjusting the focus plane of the planar array camera in the focusing process. </div>
基金supported,in part,by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.81402043 and 81201141)the Clinical Capability Construction Project for Liaoning Provincial Hospitals (LNCCC-D50-2015+1 种基金LNCCC-C09-2015)the China postdoctoral science foundation Grant (2016T90233)
文摘Photothermal therapy(PTT)using near-infrared(NIR)light for tumor treatment has triggered extensive attentions because of its advantages of noninvasion and convenience.The current research on PTT usually uses lasers in the first NIR window(NIR-I;700–900 nm)as irradiation source.However,the second NIR window(NIR-II;1000–1700 nm)especially NIRIIa window(1300–1400 nm)is considered much more promising in diagnosis and treatment as its superiority in penetration depth and maximum permissible exposure over NIR-I window.Hereby,we propose the use of laser excitation at 1275 nm,which is approved by Food and Drug Administration for physical therapy,as an attractive technique for PTT to balance of tissue absorption and scattering with water absorption.Specifically,CuS-PEG nanoparticles with similar absorption values at 1275 and 808 nm,a conventional NIR-I window for PTT,were synthesized as PTT agents and a comparison platform,to explore the potential of 1275 and 808 nm lasers for PTT,especially in deep-tissue settings.The results showed that 1275 nm laser was practicable in PTT.It exhibited much more desirable outcomes in cell ablation in vitro and deep-tissue antitumor capabilities in vivo compared to that of 808 nm laser.NIR-IIa laser illumination is superior to NIR-I laser for deep-tissue PTT,and shows high potential to improve the PTT outcome.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(Grant No.2009MS0113)
文摘In the present paper, we investigate the majorization property for certain new class of multivalent meromorphic analytic functions defined by Salagean operator. Moreover, we point out some new and interesting applications of our main result to the other classes of multivalent meromorphic functions.
基金supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program(973 Program)(Nos.2006CB910401, 2006CB910403 and 2006CB910404) awarded to JY and HSthe Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology,the National Science and Technology Key Project(No. 2008ZX10004-013) awarded to JY
文摘Transposons are sequence elements widely distributed among genomes of all three kingdoms of life, providing genomic changes and playing significant roles in genome evolution. Trichomonas vaginalis is an excellent model system for transposon study since its genome （- 160 Mb） has been sequenced and is composed of - 65% transposons and other repetitive elements. In this study, we primarily report the identification of Kolobok-type transposons （termed tvBac） in T. vaginalis and the results of transposase sequence analysis. We categorized 24 novel subfamilies of the Kolobok element, including one autonomous subfamily and 23 non-autonomous subfamilies. We also identified a novel H2CH motif in tvBac transposases based on multiple sequence alignment. In addition, we supposed that tvBac and Mutator transposons may have evolved independently from a common ancestor according to our phylogenetic analysis. Our results provide basic information for the understanding of the function and evolution of tvBac transposons in particular and other related transposon families in general.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41790442 and 41825018)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA23090402)the State Key Research Development Program of China(No.2017YFD0800501)。
文摘The large-scale implementation of the Gully Stabilization and Land Reclamation(GSLR)project induces various failures of loess slopes due to excavation in Yan'an,China.However,the deformation and failure behavior of these excavated loess slopes have not been fully understood.In this study,field investigation was undertaken for analyzing the distributions and failure features of excavation-induced loess slope failures.It is found that plastic failure mainly occurs in Q_(3) loess layers and brittle failure in Q_(2).To understand the underlying failure mechanism,a series of triaxial shear tests were conducted on intact Q_(3) and Q_(2) loess samples that with different water contents,namely natural water content(natural),dry side of the natural value(drying 5%),and wet side(wetting 5%).The characteristics of stress-strain curves and failure modes of the samples were analyzed.Results show that the stress-strain curves of Q_(2) samples are dominated by strain-softening characteristics,while Q_(3) samples mainly exhibit strain-harden features except in the drying state.Correspondingly,shear failures of Q_(3) specimens are mainly caused by shear crack planes(single,X or V-shaped).For Q_(2) loess,the dominance of tensile cracks is observed on the surface of damaged specimens.These disclose the different failure modes of excavated slopes located in different strata,that is,the arc sliding failure of Q_(3) loess slopes and the stepped tensile failure of Q_(2) loess slopes,and are helpful in the design and management of the ongoing GSLR projects in the Loess Plateau.
文摘According to the characteristic of Grid geographical information system (GridGIS), data distribution, heterogeneity and diversity in the grid environment, combining the high demand for shared resources and the purpose to realize unified and efficient management and sharing of distributed and mass resources, this paper proposed a grid GIS application building program on a number of peer-to-peer global Managers designs. This paper discussed the building process of the application domain, the selection criteria of application domain manager, the database design of application domain, and every service function module design of application domain. The integration of the application domain builds the three-tier management system of the node, the application domain, and the global management. The spatial query tests of distributed environment have shown that, the application domain is established to manage and share the distributed resources efficiently, and enhance the business processing functions in the grid environment.
文摘The structure-performance relationship of Cu/Al_(2)O_(3) catalysts in the hydrogenation of diethyl oxalate(DEO)for the synthesis of alcohol ether esters has been investigated by various characterization techniques including XRD,XPS,N2O titration,and 27Al MAS-NMR.The results showed that when the crystal configurations of Al_(2)O_(3) were the same,increasing the specific surface area could effectively refine the size of copper nanoparticles(Cu NPs),and ultimately improve the conversion of DEO.Meanwhile,the smaller size ofγ-Al_(2)O_(3)(HSAl and SBAl)loaded Cu NPs promotes the reaction towards the deep hydrogenation to produce ethanol(EtOH)and ethylene glycol(EG).Besides,the larger size of Cu NPs on the surface of amorphous Al_(2)O_(3)(HTAl and SolAl)resulted in a lower conversion rate,where ethyl glycolate(Egly)is the main product.Despite there are differences in Al^(3+)ionic coordination in Al_(2)O_(3) with different crystal structures,the experimental data showed that the differences in Al^(3+)ionic coordination did not significantly affect the catalytic performance in the hydrogenation reaction.The formation of alcohol-ether ester chemicals is critically dependent on the interactions between Cu sites and acidic sites.Among them,EG and EtOH were dehydrated to form 2-ethoxyethanol via the SN2 mechanism,while Egly and EtOH were reacted to form ethyl ethoxyacetate(EEA)via the SN2 mechanism.This study provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of the coal-based glycol processes to achieve a diversified product portfolio.
文摘Laboratory and field observations have suggested a correlation between contact dynamics and slow dynamics.The underlying mechanical mechanisms at the contact level require investigation at the nanoscale.This study uses molecular dynamics(MD)simulations to investigate the interactions between two quartz plates separated by a water film,focusing on the relationship between adhesion force and separation distance.The density and orientation angle profiles were calculated from simulation data to investigate the relationship between the interfacial structure of the water film and contact potential.The simulations reveal multiple metastable states of the contact potential,consistent with existing theoretical models.The results show that the contact force is influenced by the structure of the water film,including oscillation forces and stratification.This provided verification and development for existing theoretical models based on metastable contacts.
基金This work was supported by the Municipal Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(7162122).
文摘Objective:Transdermal drug delivery systems represent a critical focus in the pharmaceutics field;however,their use is limited by the fact that many drugs usually pass through the skin with low permeability.Menthol is a common penetration enhancer because of its high penetration-enhancing efficiency and safety.Our research aimed to reveal the penetrationenhancing mechanisms of menthol via a multiscale study.Methods:First,the interaction of menthol with the stratum corneum was studied using vertical Franz diffusion cells obtained from the abdominal skin of rats as a model.Then,the skin samples were observed via transmission electron microscopy.Finally,the interaction of different concentrations of menthol with a mixed lipid model of the stratum corneum was investigated via molecular dynamics simulation using the GROMOS 54A7 force field on a microcosmic level.Results:At concentrations of 3.5%or lower,menthol changed the original structure of the stratum corneum to varying degrees,which increased its fluidity and facilitated the permeation and storage of menthol.Menthol increased the fluidity of the stratum corneum mainly via two mechanisms.First,menthol had strong hydrogen-bonding capability,and it could compete for the lipidelipid hydrogen bonding sites,thereby weakening the stability of the hydrogenbonding network connecting the skin lipids.In addition,menthol had strong affinity for cholesterol,probably due to their similar molecular structures,suggesting that the incorporation of menthol would increase the fluidity of the lipid membrane similarly to cholesterol.Conclusion:The penetration-enhancing mechanism of menthol was explained using in vitro and molecular dynamics simulation methods.These findings may advance the basic research of transdermal drug delivery systems and facilitate the discoveries of novel penetration enhancers.
文摘Consistency between the brightness temperatures observed with a ground-based microwave radiometer and the brightness temperatures computed by forward modeling is important in many different data applications. Using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction-Final Operational Global Analysis (NCEP-FNL) dataset as a reference, the brightness temperature was obtained through the radiation transfer model for forward calculation. The problem of segmented features in long time of observational data from ground-based microwave radiometers (the so-called “jumping problem”) was identified. By analyzing the deviation and correlation between the observational bright temperature data and the forward calculated data under clear sky conditions, a revised scheme is proposed for the bright temperature observational data. Data obtained with a ground-based microwave radiometer in Beijing from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2011 around the date of liquid nitrogen calibration show that the correlation between the observed brightness temperatures and the forward computed brightness temperatures is better after correction, especially at 28 and 30 GHz. The “jumping” problem in the observational data for the brightness temperature is eliminated after correction and the time continuity of the observational data and its consistency with the forward calculated data based on the NCEP-FNL dataset are improved. The proposed correction scheme can be used both for real-time data quality control and to improve the accuracy of historical datasets obtained with poorly calibrated microwave radiometers or radiometers working in polluted environments.
文摘In recent years,the national higher education reform has proposed the concept of curriculum ideological and political education as a major element.This integration into the standardized training of general practice residents(commonly referred to as general resident training)is an unavoidable trend in the teaching field.Based on the actual situation of our unit at The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University,this paper emphasizes the necessity of incorporating ideological and political education into the general resident training curriculum,despite the absence of pertinent practical experience in how to effectively incorporate such courses into comprehensive residential training.In our hospital,we must assess the ideological and political education in the curriculum of general resident training,proposing a scientific,reasonable ideological and political education concept system for general practice courses,integrating ideological and political education with general practice resident training,and strengthening the team of ideological and political education physicians to teach them to carry out such education,this would foster enthusiasm and initiative.Strengthening admission education and training for general practice resident training,as well as regularly hosting symposiums to share ideas and understand the mission of doctors can provide effective experience for ideological and political education in general resident training courses.
基金financial support from the Chang Jiang Scholars Program(51073047)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51773049)+5 种基金the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation-Harbin Institute of Technology Joint Center for Technology Innovation Fund(HIT15-1A01)the Harbin city science and technology projects(2013DB4BP031 and RC2014QN017035)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(HIT.OCEF.2021028)the Natural Science Funds of Heilongjiang Province(ZD2019B001)the Heilongjiang Touyan Team(HITTY-20190033)the funds from Chongqing Research Institute of HIT。
文摘Polynary transition-metal layered hydroxides are promising energy materials owing to their unique architecture,impressive theoretical capacities,and adjustable compositions.Regulating the dimensional morphology and active sites/redox states are the keys to electrochemical performance enhancement.Distinguish from the reported mono-metal or binary-metal configurations,a new ternary-metal AlCoNi-LTH is coanchored onto a highly graphitized porous N-doped carbon matrix to develop superior 3D hierarchical microporous functional energy hybrids AlCoNi-LTHs/NAC.The constructed hybrids possess superior structural durability,good electrical conductivity,and rich active sites due to the strong interfacial conjunction and favorable synergistic effect between the doped porous carbon and AlCoNi nanosheets.Consequently,the AlCoNi-LTHs/NAC hybrids demonstrate high conductivity,reasonable specific surface area,and superior specific capacitance,and the assembled hybrid battery-type supercapacitor reveals an ideal energy density of 72.6 Wh kg^(-1)at a power density of 625 W kg^(-1),which is superior to the reported devices.This strategy opens a platform to rationally design polynary transition-metal layered hydroxides and their hybrids for efficient supercapacitors.
基金financial support from the Chang Jiang Scholars Program (51073047)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51773049)+5 种基金the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation-Harbin Institute of Technology Joint Center for Technology Innovation Fund (HIT15-1A01)the Harbin City Science and Technology Projects (2013DB4BP031 and RC2014QN017035)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (ZR2023QE071)the College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Projects of Shandong Province (S202211065048)the Scientific Research Foundation of Qingdao University (DC1900009425)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022TQ0282)
文摘Developing advanced battery-type materials with abundant active sites,high conductivity,versatile morphologies,and hierarchically porous structures is crucial for realizing high-quality hybrid supercapacitors.Herein,heterogeneous FeS@NiS is synthesized by cationic Co doping via surface-structure engineering.The density functional theory(DFT)theoretical calculations are firstly performed to predict the advantages of Co dopant by improving the OH^(−)adsorption properties and adjusting electronic structure,benefiting ions/electron transfer.The dynamic surface evolution is further explored which demonstrates that CoFeS@CoNiS could be quickly reconstructed to Ni(Co)Fe_(2)O_(4)during the charging process,while the unstable structure of the amorphous Ni(Co)Fe_(2)O_(4)results in partial conversion to Ni/Co/FeOOH at high potentials,which contributes to the more reactive active site and good structural stability.Thus,the free-standing electrode reveals excellent electrochemical performance with a superior capacity(335.6 mA h g^(−1),2684 F g^(−1))at 3 A g^(−1).Furthermore,the as-fabricated device shows a quality energy density of 78.1 W h kg^(−1)at a power density of 750 W kg^(−1)and excellent cycle life of 92.1%capacitance retention after 5000 cycles.This work offers a facile strategy to construct versatile morphological structures using electrochemical activation and holds promising applications in energy-related fields.
基金This study was supported by Yantai Science and Technology Plan Project[Grant No.2018ZHGY088].
文摘This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of Astaxanthin(AST)in rats with diabetes mellitus(DM)induced by streptozotocin.SD rats were divided into control group(n=5,only received normal saline),DM group(n=8)and AST+DM group(n=8;AST:50 mg/kg/day).DM rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin(STZ,65 mg/kg).Blood glucose level and body weight were determined at weeks 0,2,4,6 and 8,respectively.At week 8,kidney function was determined,together with expression of P53 and dynamin-related protein-1(Drp1)by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence.AST led to increase of body weight in rats with DM.AST+DM group showed a significant decrease in blood glucose level at week 4 compared with DM group(P<0.05).AST improved renal function and significantly reduced expression of P53 and Drp1 in DM rats.In addition,AST can effectively reduce the blood glucose in DM rats,and delayed the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.Such delay mediated by AST may be associated with the downregulation of Drp1 and P53.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2013CB922204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11574115 and 11704146)
文摘Density functional theory（DFT） and time-dependent density functional theory（TDDFT） methods are used to investigate the influences of intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding on excited-state intramolecular proton transfer（ESIPT） for the 4-N,N-（diethylamino）-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde（DEAHB）. The structures of DEAHB and its hydrogenbonded complex in the ground-state and the excited-state are optimized. In addition, the detailed descriptions of frontier molecular orbitals of the DEAHB monomer and DEAHB-DMSO complex are presented. Moreover, the transition density matrix is worked out to gain deeper insight into the orbitals change. It is hoped that the present work not only elaborates different influence mechanisms between intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions on the ESIPT process for DEAHB, but also may be helpful to design and develop new materials and applications involved DEAHB systems in the future.
