The internal pressure within fission gas bubbles(FGBs)in irradiated nuclear fuels drives mechanical interactions with the surrounding fuel skeleton.To investigate the micromechanical stress fields in irradiated nuclea...The internal pressure within fission gas bubbles(FGBs)in irradiated nuclear fuels drives mechanical interactions with the surrounding fuel skeleton.To investigate the micromechanical stress fields in irradiated nuclear fuels containing pressurized FGBs,a mechanical constitutive model for the equivalent solid of FGBs was developed and validated.This model was based on the modified Van der Waals equation,incorporating the effects of surface tension.Using this model,the micromechanical fields in irradiated U-10Mo fuels with randomly distributed FGBs were calculated during uniaxial tensile testing via the finite element(FE)method.The macroscopic elastic constants of the irradiated U-10Mo fuels were then derived using homogenization theory,and the influences of bubble pressure,bubble size,and porosity on these constants were examined.Results show that adjacent FGBs exhibit mechanical interactions,which leads to distinct stress concentrations in the surrounding fuel skeleton.The macroscopic elastic constants of irradiated U-10Mo fuels decrease with increasing the macroscopic porosity,which can be quantitatively described by the Mori-Tanaka model.In contrast,bubble pressure and size have negligible effects on these constants.展开更多
The production optimization in the closed-loop reservoir management is generally empirical,and challenged by the issues such as low precision,low efficiency,and difficulty in solving constrained optimization problems....The production optimization in the closed-loop reservoir management is generally empirical,and challenged by the issues such as low precision,low efficiency,and difficulty in solving constrained optimization problems.This paper outlines the main principles,advantages and disadvantages of commonly used production optimization methods/models,and then proposes an intelligent integrated production optimization method for waterflooding reservoirs that considers efficiency and precision,real-time and long-term effects,and the interaction and synergy between a variety of optimization models.This method integrates multiple optimization methods/models,such as reservoir performance analysis,reduced-physics models,and reservoir numerical models,with these model results and insights organically coupled to facilitate model construction and matching.This proposed method is elucidated and verified by field examples.The findings indicate that the optimal production optimization model varies depending on the specific application scenario.Reduced-physics models are conducive to short-term real-time optimization,whereas the simulator-based surrogate optimization and streamline-based simulation optimization methods are more suitable for long-term optimization strategy formulation,both of which need to be implemented under reasonable constraints from the perspective of reservoir engineering in order to be of practical value.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of Baishao(Radix Paeoniae Alba)(APR)and Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae)(GR)in the treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD).METHODS:Based on the network pharmacol...OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of Baishao(Radix Paeoniae Alba)(APR)and Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae)(GR)in the treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD).METHODS:Based on the network pharmacology strategy,the therapeutic targets of APR-GR for MDD are predicted,differentially expressed genes from the Integrated Gene Expression database for MDD patients.Topological networks are constructed,Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways are enriched,their pharmacological potential molecular mechanisms are discussed,and molecular docking analysis is performed to further motivate compositional and target interactions.Finally,the CUMS mouse model is used for validation.RESULTS:Based on the pharmacological network analysis,17 candidate genes were identified,including muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1(CHRM1),muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2(CHRM2),β2-adrenergic receptor(ADRB2),adrenergicα1A receptor(ADRA1A)and 5-hydroxytryptamine transfer protein(SLC6A4),etc.which are primarily involved in reactive oxygen species metabolism,neural response,oxidative stress response and other biological processes.Further analysis revealed that these targets are closely related to Ca^(2+),cyclic adenosine monophosphate,etc.,and exhibit optimal binding sites after molecular docking.Finally,in vivo experiments were performed and it was found that APR-GR significantly improved depression-like behavior and hippocampal impairment in mouse models,increasing brain levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine,dopamine and norepinephrine and decreasing serum levels of corticotropin releasing hormone,corticosterone and adreno cortico tropic hormone,while upregulating the expression of CHRM1,CHRM2 and ADRA1A in the hippocampus and downregulating the expression of SLC6A4 and ADRB2.CNCLUSION:This research sheds light on the potential molecular mechanism of APR-GR to improve MDD.展开更多
Based on the waterflooding development in carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East,this study analyzes the geological characteristics and waterflooding behaviors/patterns of different types of high permeability zones(H...Based on the waterflooding development in carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East,this study analyzes the geological characteristics and waterflooding behaviors/patterns of different types of high permeability zones(HPZs),and proposes rational waterflooding strategies and modes.Four types of HPZs,i.e.sedimentation-dominated,sedimentation-diagenesis coupling,biogenic and composite,are identified in the carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East.Based on their distribution patterns,flow mechanisms,and waterflooding behaviors/patterns,five waterflooding modes are established:(1)the mode with stepwise-infilled areal vertical well pattern,for composite HFZs in patchy distribution;(2)the mode with regular row vertical well pattern for TypeⅠchannel“network”HFZs(with dominant water flow pathways at the base),and the mode with irregular differentiated vertical well pattern for TypeⅡchannel“network”HFZs(where multi-stage superimposition leads to“layered flooding”),for sedimentation-diagenesis coupling HFZs;(3)the mode with row horizontal wells through bottom injection and top production,for biogenic HFZs characterized by thin,contiguous distribution and rapid advancing of injected water along a工-shaped path;and(4)the mode with progressive waterflooding through edge water injection via vertical well and oil production via horizontal well,for sedimentation-dominated HFZs characterized by thick,contiguous distribution and flood first in upper anti-rhythmic reservoirs.Development practices demonstrate that the proposed waterflooding modes are efficient in the highly heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East,with balanced employment of reserves in the adjacent reservoirs and enhanced oil recovery.展开更多
目的探讨Apelin/APJ(putative receptor protein related to the angiotensin receptor AT1)系统与小儿神经母细胞瘤(neuroblastoma,NB)发生发展的关系。方法收集10例NB患儿术后肿瘤组织及对应的癌旁肾上腺组织,采用免疫组化法检测Apeli...目的探讨Apelin/APJ(putative receptor protein related to the angiotensin receptor AT1)系统与小儿神经母细胞瘤(neuroblastoma,NB)发生发展的关系。方法收集10例NB患儿术后肿瘤组织及对应的癌旁肾上腺组织,采用免疫组化法检测Apelin及APJ蛋白在肿瘤及癌旁组织中的表达;Real-time PCR方法和Western blotting技术检测Apelin/APJ mRNA及蛋白的表达水平,采用ELISA方法检测NB患儿及健康儿童血浆中Apelin-36的水平。结果在收集的NB病例中,免疫组化结果显示,Apelin蛋白主要定位于神经母细胞瘤的细胞浆,呈强阳性表达,而APJ蛋白则主要在肿瘤胞核内表达,呈棕黄色颗粒,表达强阳性或中等阳性,两者均在对照组癌旁肾上腺组织中表达呈阴性或者弱阳性;与瘤旁组织比较,NB组织中Apelin、APJ mRNA和Apelin及APJ蛋白的表达水平均显著升高,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。NB患儿血浆Apelin-36的水平显著高于健康儿童对照组的水平(P<0.05)。结论Apelin/APJ系统在小儿神经母细胞瘤组织中高度表达,提示该系统与NB的发生发展密切相关。展开更多
目的:探讨胃癌组织及细胞中Cullin1基因表达水平及其对凋亡的影响及其机制。方法:在TCGA(The Cancer Genome Atlas)数据库下载胃癌数据,分析胃癌组织与正常组织中Cullin1表达差异。应用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检测36例胃癌及正常...目的:探讨胃癌组织及细胞中Cullin1基因表达水平及其对凋亡的影响及其机制。方法:在TCGA(The Cancer Genome Atlas)数据库下载胃癌数据,分析胃癌组织与正常组织中Cullin1表达差异。应用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检测36例胃癌及正常组织中Cullin1基因表达。合成小干扰RNA(Cullin1-siRNA)转染胃癌细胞系AGS,抑制Cullin1表达;四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT)检测细胞的增殖活性;流式细胞仪实验检测细胞凋亡率;qRT-PCR和蛋白印迹(Western blot)检测转染各组细胞Cullin1、Bcl2、Bax和Survivin、Livin基因mRNA和蛋白表达。结果:生物信息学结果显示,Cullin1基因在胃癌组织中表达水平明显高于正常组织(P<0.01);不同T分期的胃癌组织中Cullin1基因表达存在差异(P=0.026)。qRT-PCR结果显示验证结果与生物信息学结果符合。Cullin1-siRNA能有效沉默AGS细胞Cullin1基因的表达;有效抑制AGS细胞Cullin1表达后,转染组细胞的活性明显低于NS-siRNA组和空白对照组;凋亡率在Cullin1-siRNA组明显高于NS-siRNA组、空白对照组。Cullin1-siRNA转染后AGS中Cullin1和Bcl2、Survivin、Livin基因和蛋白表达下调,而Bax基因和蛋白表达上调(P<0.05)。结论:Cullin1基因在胃癌中表达增强且与肿瘤浸润深度有关,该基因可能通过抑制胃癌细胞凋亡而发挥作用。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12135008,12132005)。
文摘The internal pressure within fission gas bubbles(FGBs)in irradiated nuclear fuels drives mechanical interactions with the surrounding fuel skeleton.To investigate the micromechanical stress fields in irradiated nuclear fuels containing pressurized FGBs,a mechanical constitutive model for the equivalent solid of FGBs was developed and validated.This model was based on the modified Van der Waals equation,incorporating the effects of surface tension.Using this model,the micromechanical fields in irradiated U-10Mo fuels with randomly distributed FGBs were calculated during uniaxial tensile testing via the finite element(FE)method.The macroscopic elastic constants of the irradiated U-10Mo fuels were then derived using homogenization theory,and the influences of bubble pressure,bubble size,and porosity on these constants were examined.Results show that adjacent FGBs exhibit mechanical interactions,which leads to distinct stress concentrations in the surrounding fuel skeleton.The macroscopic elastic constants of irradiated U-10Mo fuels decrease with increasing the macroscopic porosity,which can be quantitatively described by the Mori-Tanaka model.In contrast,bubble pressure and size have negligible effects on these constants.
基金Supported by the Major Scientific and Technological Special Project of CNPC(2023ZZ04)。
文摘The production optimization in the closed-loop reservoir management is generally empirical,and challenged by the issues such as low precision,low efficiency,and difficulty in solving constrained optimization problems.This paper outlines the main principles,advantages and disadvantages of commonly used production optimization methods/models,and then proposes an intelligent integrated production optimization method for waterflooding reservoirs that considers efficiency and precision,real-time and long-term effects,and the interaction and synergy between a variety of optimization models.This method integrates multiple optimization methods/models,such as reservoir performance analysis,reduced-physics models,and reservoir numerical models,with these model results and insights organically coupled to facilitate model construction and matching.This proposed method is elucidated and verified by field examples.The findings indicate that the optimal production optimization model varies depending on the specific application scenario.Reduced-physics models are conducive to short-term real-time optimization,whereas the simulator-based surrogate optimization and streamline-based simulation optimization methods are more suitable for long-term optimization strategy formulation,both of which need to be implemented under reasonable constraints from the perspective of reservoir engineering in order to be of practical value.
基金Supported by Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology project:Exploring the Material Basis and Action Pathways of Baihu Tang's Antipyretic Effect based on Omics Technology(20240602036RC)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of Baishao(Radix Paeoniae Alba)(APR)and Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae)(GR)in the treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD).METHODS:Based on the network pharmacology strategy,the therapeutic targets of APR-GR for MDD are predicted,differentially expressed genes from the Integrated Gene Expression database for MDD patients.Topological networks are constructed,Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways are enriched,their pharmacological potential molecular mechanisms are discussed,and molecular docking analysis is performed to further motivate compositional and target interactions.Finally,the CUMS mouse model is used for validation.RESULTS:Based on the pharmacological network analysis,17 candidate genes were identified,including muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1(CHRM1),muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2(CHRM2),β2-adrenergic receptor(ADRB2),adrenergicα1A receptor(ADRA1A)and 5-hydroxytryptamine transfer protein(SLC6A4),etc.which are primarily involved in reactive oxygen species metabolism,neural response,oxidative stress response and other biological processes.Further analysis revealed that these targets are closely related to Ca^(2+),cyclic adenosine monophosphate,etc.,and exhibit optimal binding sites after molecular docking.Finally,in vivo experiments were performed and it was found that APR-GR significantly improved depression-like behavior and hippocampal impairment in mouse models,increasing brain levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine,dopamine and norepinephrine and decreasing serum levels of corticotropin releasing hormone,corticosterone and adreno cortico tropic hormone,while upregulating the expression of CHRM1,CHRM2 and ADRA1A in the hippocampus and downregulating the expression of SLC6A4 and ADRB2.CNCLUSION:This research sheds light on the potential molecular mechanism of APR-GR to improve MDD.
基金Supported by the China National Petroleum Corporation Major Science and Technology Project(2023ZZ19-01,2023ZZ19-07).
文摘Based on the waterflooding development in carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East,this study analyzes the geological characteristics and waterflooding behaviors/patterns of different types of high permeability zones(HPZs),and proposes rational waterflooding strategies and modes.Four types of HPZs,i.e.sedimentation-dominated,sedimentation-diagenesis coupling,biogenic and composite,are identified in the carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East.Based on their distribution patterns,flow mechanisms,and waterflooding behaviors/patterns,five waterflooding modes are established:(1)the mode with stepwise-infilled areal vertical well pattern,for composite HFZs in patchy distribution;(2)the mode with regular row vertical well pattern for TypeⅠchannel“network”HFZs(with dominant water flow pathways at the base),and the mode with irregular differentiated vertical well pattern for TypeⅡchannel“network”HFZs(where multi-stage superimposition leads to“layered flooding”),for sedimentation-diagenesis coupling HFZs;(3)the mode with row horizontal wells through bottom injection and top production,for biogenic HFZs characterized by thin,contiguous distribution and rapid advancing of injected water along a工-shaped path;and(4)the mode with progressive waterflooding through edge water injection via vertical well and oil production via horizontal well,for sedimentation-dominated HFZs characterized by thick,contiguous distribution and flood first in upper anti-rhythmic reservoirs.Development practices demonstrate that the proposed waterflooding modes are efficient in the highly heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East,with balanced employment of reserves in the adjacent reservoirs and enhanced oil recovery.
文摘目的探讨Apelin/APJ(putative receptor protein related to the angiotensin receptor AT1)系统与小儿神经母细胞瘤(neuroblastoma,NB)发生发展的关系。方法收集10例NB患儿术后肿瘤组织及对应的癌旁肾上腺组织,采用免疫组化法检测Apelin及APJ蛋白在肿瘤及癌旁组织中的表达;Real-time PCR方法和Western blotting技术检测Apelin/APJ mRNA及蛋白的表达水平,采用ELISA方法检测NB患儿及健康儿童血浆中Apelin-36的水平。结果在收集的NB病例中,免疫组化结果显示,Apelin蛋白主要定位于神经母细胞瘤的细胞浆,呈强阳性表达,而APJ蛋白则主要在肿瘤胞核内表达,呈棕黄色颗粒,表达强阳性或中等阳性,两者均在对照组癌旁肾上腺组织中表达呈阴性或者弱阳性;与瘤旁组织比较,NB组织中Apelin、APJ mRNA和Apelin及APJ蛋白的表达水平均显著升高,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。NB患儿血浆Apelin-36的水平显著高于健康儿童对照组的水平(P<0.05)。结论Apelin/APJ系统在小儿神经母细胞瘤组织中高度表达,提示该系统与NB的发生发展密切相关。
文摘目的:探讨胃癌组织及细胞中Cullin1基因表达水平及其对凋亡的影响及其机制。方法:在TCGA(The Cancer Genome Atlas)数据库下载胃癌数据,分析胃癌组织与正常组织中Cullin1表达差异。应用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检测36例胃癌及正常组织中Cullin1基因表达。合成小干扰RNA(Cullin1-siRNA)转染胃癌细胞系AGS,抑制Cullin1表达;四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT)检测细胞的增殖活性;流式细胞仪实验检测细胞凋亡率;qRT-PCR和蛋白印迹(Western blot)检测转染各组细胞Cullin1、Bcl2、Bax和Survivin、Livin基因mRNA和蛋白表达。结果:生物信息学结果显示,Cullin1基因在胃癌组织中表达水平明显高于正常组织(P<0.01);不同T分期的胃癌组织中Cullin1基因表达存在差异(P=0.026)。qRT-PCR结果显示验证结果与生物信息学结果符合。Cullin1-siRNA能有效沉默AGS细胞Cullin1基因的表达;有效抑制AGS细胞Cullin1表达后,转染组细胞的活性明显低于NS-siRNA组和空白对照组;凋亡率在Cullin1-siRNA组明显高于NS-siRNA组、空白对照组。Cullin1-siRNA转染后AGS中Cullin1和Bcl2、Survivin、Livin基因和蛋白表达下调,而Bax基因和蛋白表达上调(P<0.05)。结论:Cullin1基因在胃癌中表达增强且与肿瘤浸润深度有关,该基因可能通过抑制胃癌细胞凋亡而发挥作用。
