The failure mechanisms and structural damage of SiC MOSFETs induced by heavy ion irradiation were demonstrated.The findings reveal three degradation modes,depending on the drain voltage.At a relatively low voltage,the...The failure mechanisms and structural damage of SiC MOSFETs induced by heavy ion irradiation were demonstrated.The findings reveal three degradation modes,depending on the drain voltage.At a relatively low voltage,the damage is triggered by the formation and activation of gate latent damage(LDs),with damage concentrated in the gate oxide.The second degradation mode involves permanent leakage current degradation,with damage progressively transitioning from the oxide to the SiC material as the drain voltage escalates.Ultimately,the device undergoes catastrophic burnout above certain voltages,characterized by the lattice temperature reaching the sublimation point of SiC,resulting in surface cavity and complete structural destruction.This paper presents a comprehensive investigation of SiC MOSFETs under heavy ion exposure,providing radiation resistance methods of SiC-based devices for aerospace applications.展开更多
Marine heatwave(MHW)events refer to periods of significantly elevated sea surface temperatures(SST),persisting from days to months,with significant impacts on marine ecosystems,including increased mortality among mari...Marine heatwave(MHW)events refer to periods of significantly elevated sea surface temperatures(SST),persisting from days to months,with significant impacts on marine ecosystems,including increased mortality among marine life and coral bleaching.Forecasting MHW events are crucial to mitigate their harmful effects.This study presents a twostep forecasting process:short-term SST prediction followed by MHW event detection based on the forecasted SST.Firstly,we developed the“SST-MHW-DL”model using the ConvLSTM architecture,which incorporates an attention mechanism to enhance both SST forecasting and MHW event detection.The model utilizes SST data from the preceding 60 d to forecast SST and detect MHW events for the subsequent 15 d.Verification results for SST forecasting demonstrate a root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.64℃,a mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of 2.05%,and a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.85,indicating the model’s ability to accurately predict future temperatures by leveraging historical sea temperature information.For MHW event detection using forecasted SST,the evaluation metrics of“accuracy”,“precision”,and“recall”achieved values of 0.77,0.73,and 0.43,respectively,demonstrating the model’s capability to capture the occurrence of MHW events accurately.Furthermore,the attention-enhanced mechanism reveals that recent SST variations within the past 10 days have the most significant impact on forecasting accuracy,while variations in deep-sea regions and along the Taiwan Strait significantly contribute to the model’s efficacy in capturing spatial characteristics.Additionally,the proposed model and temporal mechanism were applied to detect MHWs in the Atlantic Ocean.By inputting 30 d of SST data,the model predicted SST with an RMSE of 1.02℃and an R^(2)of 0.94.The accuracy,precision,and recall for MHW detection were 0.79,0.78,and 0.62,respectively,further demonstrating the model’s robustness and usability.展开更多
Accurately predicting the synthesizability of inorganic crystal materials serves as a pivotal tool for the efficient screening of viable candidates,substantially reducing the costs associated with extensive experiment...Accurately predicting the synthesizability of inorganic crystal materials serves as a pivotal tool for the efficient screening of viable candidates,substantially reducing the costs associated with extensive experimental trial-and-error processes.However,existing methods,limited by static structural descriptors such as chemical composition and lattice parameters,fail to account for atomic vibrations,which may introduce spurious correlations and undermine predictive reliability.Here,we propose a deep learning model termed integrating graph and dynamical stability(IGDS)for predicting the synthesizability of inorganic crystals.IGDS employs graph representation learning to construct crystal graphs that precisely capture the static structures of crystals and integrates phonon spectral features extracted from pre-trained machine learning interatomic potentials to represent their dynamic properties.Our model exhibits outstanding performance in predicting the synthesizability of low-energy unsynthesizable crystals across 41 material systems,achieving precision and recall values of 0.916/0.863 for ternary compounds.By capturing both static structural descriptors and dynamic features,IGDS provides a physics-informed method for predicting the synthesizability of inorganic crystals.This approach bridges the gap between theoretical design concepts and their practical implementation,thereby streamlining the development cycle of new materials and enhancing overall research efficiency.展开更多
In this work,the interconnected graphene scaffolds are prepared by three-dimensional(3 D)printing for multifunctional gas detection with tunable sensitivity.The scaffolds with regularly aligned graphene conductive net...In this work,the interconnected graphene scaffolds are prepared by three-dimensional(3 D)printing for multifunctional gas detection with tunable sensitivity.The scaffolds with regularly aligned graphene conductive networks exhibit significant mechanical strength and high electrical stability to multi-direction deformation,which can be attributed to the typical core-shell structure of graphene and PVP.The resistance of the free-standing scaffolds can realize the real-time response to H_(2) O and NO_(2),and the relative resistance change to 100 ppm H_(2) O and 100 ppm NO_(2) can reach 2%and 2.5%,respectively.The charge doping of the oxidizing gases is considered to be the main reason for various response sensitivities of the scaffolds with different orthogonal layers,in which the interconnected conductive network can generate a large specific surface area and significantly improving the adsorption of the target gases and the transfer of charge.The controllable fabrication of regular structure has appropriately great potential for further optimizations and applications in gas detection.展开更多
To achieve better observation for sea surface,a new generation of wide-swath interferometric altimeter satellites is proposed.Before satellite launch,it is particularly important to study the data processing methods a...To achieve better observation for sea surface,a new generation of wide-swath interferometric altimeter satellites is proposed.Before satellite launch,it is particularly important to study the data processing methods and carry out the detailed error analysis of ocean satellites,because it is directly related to the ultimate ability of satellites to capture ocean information.For this purpose,ocean eddies are considered a specific case of ocean signals,and it can cause significant changes in sea surface elevation.It is suitable for theoretical simulation of the sea surface and systematic simulation of the altimeter.We analyzed the impacts of random error and baseline error on the sea surface and ocean signals and proposed a combined strategy of low-pass filtering,empirical orthogonal function(EOF)decomposition,and linear fitting to remove the errors.Through this strategy,sea surface anomalies caused by errors were considerably improved,and the capability of satellite for capturing ocean information was enhanced.Notably,we found that the baseline error in sea surface height data was likely to cause inaccuracy in eddy boundary detection,as well as false eddy detection.These abnormalities could be prevented for"clean"sea surface height after the errors removal.展开更多
With the wide application of laser in the field of skin plastic surgery, micro laser galvanometer scanner has made great progress in this field with its portability. However, the measurement method used to measure the...With the wide application of laser in the field of skin plastic surgery, micro laser galvanometer scanner has made great progress in this field with its portability. However, the measurement method used to measure the deflection angle of laser galvanometer in the narrow space of scanner with high precision remains to be studied. In this paper, an angle measurement method based on magnetic field is proposed, and the effect of the shapes of permanent magnets(PMs) on the measurement is studied by theoretical and experimental study under the condition that the maximum available space for the PMs is a 10 mm side cube. An angle measuring experimental device is set up, and the contrast experiment is carried out with different PMs which are the same as simulation. The experimental results show that cylindrical PM is more suitable than other PMs, which is consistent with the simulation results, and the maximum nonlinearity error is 0.562%. This method has the advantages of small volume,non-contact measurement, small moment of inertia, good dynamic response and no external excitation for the PMs, so it has a broad application prospect in micro laser galvanometer scanner.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to improve the efficiency of callus induction and redifferentiation,and construct high-frequency plant regeneration techniques of tissue culture in Anthuium andraeanum.[Methods]The...[Objectives]This study was conducted to improve the efficiency of callus induction and redifferentiation,and construct high-frequency plant regeneration techniques of tissue culture in Anthuium andraeanum.[Methods]The effects of different genotypes,explant types and hormonal conditions on callus induction and re-differentiation of A.andraeanum were studied by using the aseptic A.andraeanum test-tube plantlets as test materials.[Results]Among the four kinds of aseptic A.andraeanum plantlets,the callus induction using stem segments with leaves was the best,followed by stem segments and leaves,and the petioles were the worst;among the six A.andraeanum varieties tested,the callus production rates of four varieties reached 100%;and the callus differentiation rate reached 93.3%-100%through the organogenesis pathway,and the suitable differentiation medium was 1/2MS+ZT 0.5 mg/L+2,4-D 0.1 mg/L.[Conclusions]The research results provide a new experimental basis for optimizing the technical system of A.andraeanum rapid propagation.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effects of Qingfei Xiaoyan pill combined with ceftriaxone and azithromycin on immune index, oxidative stress and inflammatory index in senile CAP patients. Methods: A total of 130 patients wi...Objective: To explore the effects of Qingfei Xiaoyan pill combined with ceftriaxone and azithromycin on immune index, oxidative stress and inflammatory index in senile CAP patients. Methods: A total of 130 patients with CAP admitted to Yulin first hospital from October 2016 to December 2017 were randomly divided into control group (n = 65) and observation group (n = 65), the control group was treated with ceftriaxone combined with azithromycin, while the observation group was treated with Qingfei Xiaoyan Pill on the basis of the control group, the changes of cellular humoral immune function, oxidative stress index and inflammatory factors were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: After treatment, the levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in both groups were significantly higher than before treatment, while the level of CD8+ was significantly lower than before treatment, the levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the level of CD8+ was significantly lower than those in the control group;the levels of IgA and IgM in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group;the levels of MDA and SOD in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the level of MDA in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the levels of SOD in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group;the levels of PCT and CRP in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment , and the levels of PCT and CRP in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Conclusions:Qingfei Xiaoyan pill combined with ceftriaxone and azithromycin can effectively enhance the immune function of elderly patients with CAP, enhance the body's antioxidant effect and reduce its inflammatory reaction, which is of clinical significance.展开更多
Objective and Impact Statement:This study aims to couple C-reactive protein(CRP)antibodies onto latex spheres of 2 different sizes to enhance the accuracy and sensitivity of CRP detection.Furthermore,it seeks to estab...Objective and Impact Statement:This study aims to couple C-reactive protein(CRP)antibodies onto latex spheres of 2 different sizes to enhance the accuracy and sensitivity of CRP detection.Furthermore,it seeks to establish a robust methodological framework crucial for advancing the development of latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric detection reagents.Introduction:CRP,an acute-phase protein,rapidly elevates in response to infections or tissue damage.Double-particle latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetry offers important advantages for accurately measuring CRP levels.Methods:CRP antibodies were coupled with 2 sizes of polystyrene latex spheres.Coupling rates were evaluated to determine optimal conditions.Particle sizes suitable for CRP detection,as well as coupling and mixing ratios,were optimized using automated biochemical analysis.Transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle size analysis were employed to characterize the morphology and size changes of CRP antibodies and coupled latex spheres before and after immune reaction.Results:Optimization identified 168-and 80-nm latex sphere sizes,with CRP antibody coupling rates of 92%and 91%,respectively.The optimal ratios were 10:1.5 for large latex spheres to polyclonal antibodies and 5:1.5 for small latex spheres to monoclonal antibodies.A 1:8 mixing ratio of large to small latex spheres was effective.Transmission electron microscopy confirmed uniform sizes postcoupling,maintaining dispersion with no morphological changes.CRP reacted with the double-particle latex reagent,forming immune complexes that exhibited agglutination.Mixed latex spheres showed varied agglutination states with CRP concentration,altering solution absorbance.Conclusion:This study validates the efficacy of the dual-particle-size CRP antibody latex reagent,highlighting its potential for future immunoturbidimetric analysis applications.展开更多
Able to precisely control and manipulate materials'states at micro/nano-scale level,femtosecond(fs)laser micro/nano processing technology has undergone tremendous development over the past three decades.Free-formi...Able to precisely control and manipulate materials'states at micro/nano-scale level,femtosecond(fs)laser micro/nano processing technology has undergone tremendous development over the past three decades.Free-forming three-dimensional(3D)microscale functional devices and inducing fascinating and unique physical or chemical phenomena have granted this technology powerful versatility that no other technology can match.As this technology advances rapidly in various fields of application,some key challenges have emerged and remain to be urgently addressed.This review firstly introduces the fundamental principles for understanding how fs laser pulses interact with materials and the associated unique phenomena in section 2.Then micro/nano-fabrication in transparent materials by fs laser processing is presented in section 3.Thereafter,several high efficiency/throughput fabrication methods as well as pulse-shaping techniques are listed in sections 4 and 5 reviews four-dimensional(4D)and nanoscale printing realized by fs laser processing technology.Special attention is paid to the heterogeneous integration(HI)of functional materials enabled by fs laser processing in section 6.Several intriguing examples of 3D functional micro-devices created by fs laser-based manufacturing methods such as microfluidics,lab-on-chip,micro-optics,micro-mechanics,micro-electronics,micro-bots and micro-biodevices are reviewed in section 7.Finally,a summary of the review and a perspective are proposed to explore the challenges and future opportunities for further betterment of fs laser micro/nano processing technology.展开更多
Air plasma ablation behavior of Cf/(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))C-SiC composite was studied systematically with the surface temperature above 2000℃ at the ablation center.It presents a linear recession r...Air plasma ablation behavior of Cf/(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))C-SiC composite was studied systematically with the surface temperature above 2000℃ at the ablation center.It presents a linear recession rate of 0.15μm/s and a mass recession rate of 2.05 mg/s after ablation at 4 MW/m^(2)(2000℃)for 300 s.Associated with the temperature gradient of the ablation surface,the oxidation products at different locations mainly consist of(TiZrHfNbTa)O_(x),(Zr_(x)Hf_(1-x))6(NbyTa_(1-y))_(2)O_(17),Ti(Nb_(x)Ta_(1-x))_(2)O_(7),(Hf_(x)Zr_(1-x))SiO_(4),and SiO_(2).Due to the synergistic effect of the multi-component oxides,oxidation products form a protective structure composed of high melting point oxide skeleton filled with relatively low melting point phases.It retards oxygen inward diffusion and prevents the composite fragmentation caused by plasma mechanical scouring.It is believed that the results would be helpful for further improving the ablation resistance by component design of high entropy ceramics and their composites.展开更多
Soybean mosaic virus(SMV),an RNA virus,is the most common and destructive pathogenic virus in soybean fields.The newly developed CRISPR/Cas immune system has provided a novel strategy for improving plant resistance to...Soybean mosaic virus(SMV),an RNA virus,is the most common and destructive pathogenic virus in soybean fields.The newly developed CRISPR/Cas immune system has provided a novel strategy for improving plant resistance to viruses;hence,this study aimed to engineer SMV resistance in soybean using this system.Specifically,multiple sgRNAs were designed to target positive-and/or negative-sense strands of the SMV HC-Pro gene.Subsequently,the corresponding CRISPR/CasRx vectors were constructed and transformed into soybeans.After inoculation with SMV,39.02%,35.77%,and 18.70%of T_(1)plants were confirmed to be highly resistant(HR),resistant(R),and mildly resistant(MR)to SMV,respectively,whereas only 6.50%were identified as susceptible(S).Additionally,qRT-PCR and DAS-ELISA showed that,both at 15 and 30 d post-inoculation(dpi),SMV accumulation significantly decreased or was even undetectable in HR and R plants,followed by MR and S plants.Additionally,the expression level of the CasRx gene varied in almost all T_(1)plants with different resistance level,both at 15 and 30 dpi.Furthermore,when SMV resistance was evaluated in the T_(2)generation,the results were similar to those recorded for the T_(1)generation.These findings provide new insights into the application of the CRISPR/CasRx system for soybean improvement and offer a promising alternative strategy for breeding for resistance to biotic stress that will contribute to the development of SMV-immune soybean germplasm to accelerate progress towards greater soybean crop productivity.展开更多
[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effect of paclobutrazol （PBZ） on heat tolerance of dahlia.[Methods] A dahlia variety Danbanhuang was selected as the experimental material in this study. Afte...[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effect of paclobutrazol （PBZ） on heat tolerance of dahlia.[Methods] A dahlia variety Danbanhuang was selected as the experimental material in this study. After 100, 200, 300 or 400 mg/L paclobutrazol was sprayed evenly to the leaves of dahlia seedlings, they were cultured in an incubator at high temperature （35 ℃/30 ℃, day/night） for two days, and then transferred to an incubator at normal temperature （25 ℃/20 ℃, day/night）. The physiological and biochemical parameters of the dahlia seedlings were measured before exposure to high temperature （D0）, after exposure to high temperature for two days （D2） and exposure to normal temperature for one day （R1）.[Results] Compared to the negative control, foliar application of paclobutrazol decreased the content of MDA, increased the contents of chlorophyll, proline, soluble protein, and the activity of SOD, POD and CAT in dahlia plants under heat stress. The contents of MDA, soluble protein and proline in PBZ treated dahlia plants increased when they were subject to high temperature stress （35 ℃/30 ℃, day/night）, and then decreased when the temperature returned to normal （25 ℃/20 ℃, day/night）, and CAT activity decreased at high temperature, and then increased at normal temperature, while the activity of SOD and POD kept rising during the entire experimental period.[Conclusions] Foliar application of paclobutrazol can alleviate the adverse effect caused by high temperature to dahlia plants, and the experimental data provide a theoretical basis for the application of paclobutrazol in dahlia cultivation in South China.展开更多
A method of spectrometry analysis based on approximation coefficients and deep belief networks was developed. Detection rate and accurate radionuclide identification distance were used to evaluate the performance of t...A method of spectrometry analysis based on approximation coefficients and deep belief networks was developed. Detection rate and accurate radionuclide identification distance were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method in identifying radionuclides. Experimental results show that identification performance was not affected by detection time, number of radionuclides, or detection distance when the minimum detectable activity of a single radionuclide was satisfied. Moreover, the proposed method could accurately predict isotopic compositions from the spectra of moving radionuclides. Thus, the designed method can be used for radiation monitoring instruments that identify radionuclides.展开更多
Bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus is an important migratory species that forages deeply,and El Niño events highly influence its distribution in the eastern Pacific Ocean.While sea surface temperature is widely recognize...Bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus is an important migratory species that forages deeply,and El Niño events highly influence its distribution in the eastern Pacific Ocean.While sea surface temperature is widely recognized as the main factor affecting bigeye tuna(BET)distribution during El Niño events,the roles of different types of El Niño and subsurface oceanic signals,such as ocean heat content and mixed layer depth,remain unclear.We conducted A spatial-temporal analysis to investigate the relationship among BET distribution,El Niño events,and the underlying oceanic signals to address this knowledge gap.We used monthly purse seine fisheries data of BET in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean(ETPO)from 1994 to 2012 and extracted the central-Pacific El Niño(CPEN)indices based on Niño 3 and Niño 4indexes.Furthermore,we employed Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI)models to identify the main patterns and feature importance of the six environmental variables and used information flow analysis to determine the causality between the selected factors and BET distribution.Finally,we analyzed Argo datasets to calculate the vertical,horizontal,and zonal mean temperature differences during CPEN and normal years to clarify the oceanic thermodynamic structure differences between the two types of years.Our findings reveal that BET distribution during the CPEN years is mainly driven by advection feedback of subsurface warmer thermal signals and vertically warmer habitats in the CPEN domain area,especially in high-yield fishing areas.The high frequency of CPEN events will likely lead to the westward shift of fisheries centers.展开更多
As an economically critical pelagic migratory species,yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacores,YFT)is very sensible to physical and environmental conditions,such as sea surface temperature(SST),ocean heat content(OHC),and the...As an economically critical pelagic migratory species,yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacores,YFT)is very sensible to physical and environmental conditions,such as sea surface temperature(SST),ocean heat content(OHC),and the mixed layer depth(MLD).We investigated the impact of SST,OHC,and MLD on fluctuations of YFT catch in the western/eastern Indian Ocean using the long time series of 63-year environmental and YFT datasets.We found that the impact of SST on YFT was heavily overestimated in the past,and MLD plays a more critical role in the YFT catch fluctuation.When the MLD deepens(>34.8 m),SST was more influential in predicting the catches of YFT than OHC in the western Indian Ocean,and OHC was more critical to YFT than SST in the eastern Indian Ocean.However,when the MLD shallows(<34.8 m),MLD was more vital to predict the catch per unit effort(CPUE)of YFT than SST/OHC in the western.After 2000,there was an asynchronous pattern of YFT CPUE induced by higher frequency variations and ocean hiatus of SST/OHC signals in the western and eastern Indian Oceans basins.The impact of the subsurface hiatus may induce the decrease of YFT in the eastern Indian Ocean.The above findings clarified a non-stationary relationship between the environmental factors and catches of YFT and provided new insights into variations in YFT abundance.展开更多
Many previous studies of the impact of oceanic environmental factors on chlorophyll(CHL)in a specific region focused on sea surface temperature(SST),mixed-layer depth(MLD),or wind stress(WS)alone.In this study,relatio...Many previous studies of the impact of oceanic environmental factors on chlorophyll(CHL)in a specific region focused on sea surface temperature(SST),mixed-layer depth(MLD),or wind stress(WS)alone.In this study,relationship between CHL and all those environmental factors(SST,MLD,and WS)in the open ocean was quantified for five regions within the subtropical gyres and the variation trend of 13-year(2003–2015)was analyzed using satellite observations and Argo measurements.The correlation analysis results show that MLD was correlated positively with CHL,SST was correlated negatively with CHL,and the correlation between CHL and WS was either positive or negative.Based on the significance of the correlations,models representing the relationships were established using the multiple linear regression and analyzed,showing that the environmental factors were the major determinants of CHL change.The regression coefficients show that both SST and MLD have remarkable effect on CHL.Our derived models could be used to diagnose the past changes,understand present variability,and predict the future state of CHL changes based on environmental factors,and help us understand the dynamics of CHL variation in the open ocean.展开更多
Background:Aldo-keto oxidoreductase(AKR)inhibitors could reverse the resistance of several cancer cells to cis-platin,but their role in resistance remains unclear.Methods:We verified the difference of AKR1Cs expressio...Background:Aldo-keto oxidoreductase(AKR)inhibitors could reverse the resistance of several cancer cells to cis-platin,but their role in resistance remains unclear.Methods:We verified the difference of AKR1Cs expression by Western blot,RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR.The differences of AKR1Cs expression were analyzed and inferred.Use Assay of NADH and NAD^(+)content to verify the inference.The Docking experience was used to verify the affinity between MPA,MCFLA,MLS and AKR1C3.Results:Our RNA-seq results showed de novo NAD biosynthesis-related genes and NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases were significantly upregulated in cis-platin-resistant HepG2 hepatic cancer cells(HepG2-RC cells)compared with HepG2 cells.At least 63 NAD(P)H-dependent reductase/oxidases were upregulated in HepG2-RC cells at least twofold.Knockdown of AKR1Cs could increase cis-platin sensitivity in HepG2-RC cells about two-fold.Interestingly,the AKR1C inhibitor meclofenamic acid could increase the cis-platin sensitivity of HepG2-RC cells about eight-fold,indicating that the knockdown of AKR1Cs only partially reversed the resistance.Meanwhile,the amount of total NAD and the ratio of NADH/NAD^(+)were increased in HepG2-RC cells compared with HepG2 cells.The ratio of NADH/NAD^(+)in HepG2-RC cells was almost seven-fold higher than in HepG2 or HL-7702 cells.Increased NADH expression could be explained as a directly operating antioxidant to scavenge cis-platin-induced radicals.Conclusion:We report here that NADH,which is produced by NAD(P)Hdependent oxidoreductases,plays a key role in the AKR-associated cis-platin resistance of HepG2 hepatic cancer cells.展开更多
[Objectives] This study was conducted to explore the color variation mechanism of Anthurium andraeanum spathe at the protein level. [Methods]The differential proteins of wild type and its white mutant were separated a...[Objectives] This study was conducted to explore the color variation mechanism of Anthurium andraeanum spathe at the protein level. [Methods]The differential proteins of wild type and its white mutant were separated and identified by using one-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry( 1-DE/MS). [Results] Compared with leaves and spadices,the 1-DE patterns of two kinds of spathe proteins were significantly different,and two different bands were detected in wild type spathes and mutant spathes respectively. The four significantly differential bands were selected and analyzed by mass spectrometry,and 138,111,70 and 427 proteins were identified respectively. The results of GO functional annotation analysis showed that the molecular functions of the proteins were mainly catalytic activity and binding,and the main biological processes involved were cellular process and metabolic process. Many proteins involved in the synthesis of anthocyanins and flavonoids,sugar metabolism and some resistance proteins were screened,indicating that the spathe color difference of A. andraeanum‘Pink champion'is not only related to anthocyanin anabolism,but also regulated by various metabolic pathways. [Conclusions]The study provides a new experimental basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism of the regulation of A. andraeanum flower color.展开更多
In order to understand the mechanism of spathe color variation in Anthurium andraeanum at the protein level,the leaves,inflorescences and spathes of the wild type and two mutants of A.andraeanum‘Madural’were used as...In order to understand the mechanism of spathe color variation in Anthurium andraeanum at the protein level,the leaves,inflorescences and spathes of the wild type and two mutants of A.andraeanum‘Madural’were used as research objects in which the differential expression of proteins related to flower color mutants was analyzed by one-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry(1-DE/MS).The 1-DE patterns showed that the protein components expressed highly in spathes were mainly concentrated in the molecular weight range of 20-42 kD,and differential bands were detected between the wild type and the mutant,while no significant differences were detected in the leaf and inflorescence proteins.According to the results of mass spectrometry analysis of the differential bands,21 known functional proteins involved in life processes such as glucose metabolism,resistance,cytoskeleton,gene regulation and signal transduction were identified.It showed that in addition to the influences from anthocyanidins,the spathe color variation of A.andraeanum‘Madural’is also regulated by a variety of metabolic pathway-related proteins.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFA1609000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2341222,U2441248,12275061,and 12075069)。
文摘The failure mechanisms and structural damage of SiC MOSFETs induced by heavy ion irradiation were demonstrated.The findings reveal three degradation modes,depending on the drain voltage.At a relatively low voltage,the damage is triggered by the formation and activation of gate latent damage(LDs),with damage concentrated in the gate oxide.The second degradation mode involves permanent leakage current degradation,with damage progressively transitioning from the oxide to the SiC material as the drain voltage escalates.Ultimately,the device undergoes catastrophic burnout above certain voltages,characterized by the lattice temperature reaching the sublimation point of SiC,resulting in surface cavity and complete structural destruction.This paper presents a comprehensive investigation of SiC MOSFETs under heavy ion exposure,providing radiation resistance methods of SiC-based devices for aerospace applications.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42376175,42090044 and U2006211。
文摘Marine heatwave(MHW)events refer to periods of significantly elevated sea surface temperatures(SST),persisting from days to months,with significant impacts on marine ecosystems,including increased mortality among marine life and coral bleaching.Forecasting MHW events are crucial to mitigate their harmful effects.This study presents a twostep forecasting process:short-term SST prediction followed by MHW event detection based on the forecasted SST.Firstly,we developed the“SST-MHW-DL”model using the ConvLSTM architecture,which incorporates an attention mechanism to enhance both SST forecasting and MHW event detection.The model utilizes SST data from the preceding 60 d to forecast SST and detect MHW events for the subsequent 15 d.Verification results for SST forecasting demonstrate a root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.64℃,a mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of 2.05%,and a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.85,indicating the model’s ability to accurately predict future temperatures by leveraging historical sea temperature information.For MHW event detection using forecasted SST,the evaluation metrics of“accuracy”,“precision”,and“recall”achieved values of 0.77,0.73,and 0.43,respectively,demonstrating the model’s capability to capture the occurrence of MHW events accurately.Furthermore,the attention-enhanced mechanism reveals that recent SST variations within the past 10 days have the most significant impact on forecasting accuracy,while variations in deep-sea regions and along the Taiwan Strait significantly contribute to the model’s efficacy in capturing spatial characteristics.Additionally,the proposed model and temporal mechanism were applied to detect MHWs in the Atlantic Ocean.By inputting 30 d of SST data,the model predicted SST with an RMSE of 1.02℃and an R^(2)of 0.94.The accuracy,precision,and recall for MHW detection were 0.79,0.78,and 0.62,respectively,further demonstrating the model’s robustness and usability.
文摘Accurately predicting the synthesizability of inorganic crystal materials serves as a pivotal tool for the efficient screening of viable candidates,substantially reducing the costs associated with extensive experimental trial-and-error processes.However,existing methods,limited by static structural descriptors such as chemical composition and lattice parameters,fail to account for atomic vibrations,which may introduce spurious correlations and undermine predictive reliability.Here,we propose a deep learning model termed integrating graph and dynamical stability(IGDS)for predicting the synthesizability of inorganic crystals.IGDS employs graph representation learning to construct crystal graphs that precisely capture the static structures of crystals and integrates phonon spectral features extracted from pre-trained machine learning interatomic potentials to represent their dynamic properties.Our model exhibits outstanding performance in predicting the synthesizability of low-energy unsynthesizable crystals across 41 material systems,achieving precision and recall values of 0.916/0.863 for ternary compounds.By capturing both static structural descriptors and dynamic features,IGDS provides a physics-informed method for predicting the synthesizability of inorganic crystals.This approach bridges the gap between theoretical design concepts and their practical implementation,thereby streamlining the development cycle of new materials and enhancing overall research efficiency.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51772310)the CAS Pioneer Hundred Talents Program+2 种基金Shanghai Pujiang Program(No.17PJ1410100)the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2017QNRC001)the Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Innovative Funding。
文摘In this work,the interconnected graphene scaffolds are prepared by three-dimensional(3 D)printing for multifunctional gas detection with tunable sensitivity.The scaffolds with regularly aligned graphene conductive networks exhibit significant mechanical strength and high electrical stability to multi-direction deformation,which can be attributed to the typical core-shell structure of graphene and PVP.The resistance of the free-standing scaffolds can realize the real-time response to H_(2) O and NO_(2),and the relative resistance change to 100 ppm H_(2) O and 100 ppm NO_(2) can reach 2%and 2.5%,respectively.The charge doping of the oxidizing gases is considered to be the main reason for various response sensitivities of the scaffolds with different orthogonal layers,in which the interconnected conductive network can generate a large specific surface area and significantly improving the adsorption of the target gases and the transfer of charge.The controllable fabrication of regular structure has appropriately great potential for further optimizations and applications in gas detection.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC1401008)the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China(No.2019GHY112055)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2006211,42090044,41606200,41776183,41906157)the Major Scientifi c and Technological Innovation Projects in Shandong Province(No.2019JZZY010102)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.XDA19060101,XDB42000000)the Key Project of Center for Ocean Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.COMS2019R02)the CAS(Chinese Academy of Sciences)100-Talent Program(No.Y9KY04101L)the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)(No.2018SDKJ0102-2)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Hohai University)(No.2018B41814)。
文摘To achieve better observation for sea surface,a new generation of wide-swath interferometric altimeter satellites is proposed.Before satellite launch,it is particularly important to study the data processing methods and carry out the detailed error analysis of ocean satellites,because it is directly related to the ultimate ability of satellites to capture ocean information.For this purpose,ocean eddies are considered a specific case of ocean signals,and it can cause significant changes in sea surface elevation.It is suitable for theoretical simulation of the sea surface and systematic simulation of the altimeter.We analyzed the impacts of random error and baseline error on the sea surface and ocean signals and proposed a combined strategy of low-pass filtering,empirical orthogonal function(EOF)decomposition,and linear fitting to remove the errors.Through this strategy,sea surface anomalies caused by errors were considerably improved,and the capability of satellite for capturing ocean information was enhanced.Notably,we found that the baseline error in sea surface height data was likely to cause inaccuracy in eddy boundary detection,as well as false eddy detection.These abnormalities could be prevented for"clean"sea surface height after the errors removal.
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 20175748009]。
文摘With the wide application of laser in the field of skin plastic surgery, micro laser galvanometer scanner has made great progress in this field with its portability. However, the measurement method used to measure the deflection angle of laser galvanometer in the narrow space of scanner with high precision remains to be studied. In this paper, an angle measurement method based on magnetic field is proposed, and the effect of the shapes of permanent magnets(PMs) on the measurement is studied by theoretical and experimental study under the condition that the maximum available space for the PMs is a 10 mm side cube. An angle measuring experimental device is set up, and the contrast experiment is carried out with different PMs which are the same as simulation. The experimental results show that cylindrical PM is more suitable than other PMs, which is consistent with the simulation results, and the maximum nonlinearity error is 0.562%. This method has the advantages of small volume,non-contact measurement, small moment of inertia, good dynamic response and no external excitation for the PMs, so it has a broad application prospect in micro laser galvanometer scanner.
基金Supported by the Applied Basic Research Project of Suzhou City(SNG201605)
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to improve the efficiency of callus induction and redifferentiation,and construct high-frequency plant regeneration techniques of tissue culture in Anthuium andraeanum.[Methods]The effects of different genotypes,explant types and hormonal conditions on callus induction and re-differentiation of A.andraeanum were studied by using the aseptic A.andraeanum test-tube plantlets as test materials.[Results]Among the four kinds of aseptic A.andraeanum plantlets,the callus induction using stem segments with leaves was the best,followed by stem segments and leaves,and the petioles were the worst;among the six A.andraeanum varieties tested,the callus production rates of four varieties reached 100%;and the callus differentiation rate reached 93.3%-100%through the organogenesis pathway,and the suitable differentiation medium was 1/2MS+ZT 0.5 mg/L+2,4-D 0.1 mg/L.[Conclusions]The research results provide a new experimental basis for optimizing the technical system of A.andraeanum rapid propagation.
文摘Objective: To explore the effects of Qingfei Xiaoyan pill combined with ceftriaxone and azithromycin on immune index, oxidative stress and inflammatory index in senile CAP patients. Methods: A total of 130 patients with CAP admitted to Yulin first hospital from October 2016 to December 2017 were randomly divided into control group (n = 65) and observation group (n = 65), the control group was treated with ceftriaxone combined with azithromycin, while the observation group was treated with Qingfei Xiaoyan Pill on the basis of the control group, the changes of cellular humoral immune function, oxidative stress index and inflammatory factors were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: After treatment, the levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in both groups were significantly higher than before treatment, while the level of CD8+ was significantly lower than before treatment, the levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the level of CD8+ was significantly lower than those in the control group;the levels of IgA and IgM in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group;the levels of MDA and SOD in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the level of MDA in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the levels of SOD in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group;the levels of PCT and CRP in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment , and the levels of PCT and CRP in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Conclusions:Qingfei Xiaoyan pill combined with ceftriaxone and azithromycin can effectively enhance the immune function of elderly patients with CAP, enhance the body's antioxidant effect and reduce its inflammatory reaction, which is of clinical significance.
基金supported in part by the Jilin Science and Technology Development Program(no.20220401085YY to Jiancheng Xu).
文摘Objective and Impact Statement:This study aims to couple C-reactive protein(CRP)antibodies onto latex spheres of 2 different sizes to enhance the accuracy and sensitivity of CRP detection.Furthermore,it seeks to establish a robust methodological framework crucial for advancing the development of latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric detection reagents.Introduction:CRP,an acute-phase protein,rapidly elevates in response to infections or tissue damage.Double-particle latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetry offers important advantages for accurately measuring CRP levels.Methods:CRP antibodies were coupled with 2 sizes of polystyrene latex spheres.Coupling rates were evaluated to determine optimal conditions.Particle sizes suitable for CRP detection,as well as coupling and mixing ratios,were optimized using automated biochemical analysis.Transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle size analysis were employed to characterize the morphology and size changes of CRP antibodies and coupled latex spheres before and after immune reaction.Results:Optimization identified 168-and 80-nm latex sphere sizes,with CRP antibody coupling rates of 92%and 91%,respectively.The optimal ratios were 10:1.5 for large latex spheres to polyclonal antibodies and 5:1.5 for small latex spheres to monoclonal antibodies.A 1:8 mixing ratio of large to small latex spheres was effective.Transmission electron microscopy confirmed uniform sizes postcoupling,maintaining dispersion with no morphological changes.CRP reacted with the double-particle latex reagent,forming immune complexes that exhibited agglutination.Mixed latex spheres showed varied agglutination states with CRP concentration,altering solution absorbance.Conclusion:This study validates the efficacy of the dual-particle-size CRP antibody latex reagent,highlighting its potential for future immunoturbidimetric analysis applications.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFB2802000 and 2022YFB2804300)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.21DZ1100500)+3 种基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Projectthe Shanghai Frontiers Science Center Program(2021-2025 No.20)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61975123)Shanghai Scienceand Technology Innovation Action Plan(Grant No.23JC1403100)。
文摘Able to precisely control and manipulate materials'states at micro/nano-scale level,femtosecond(fs)laser micro/nano processing technology has undergone tremendous development over the past three decades.Free-forming three-dimensional(3D)microscale functional devices and inducing fascinating and unique physical or chemical phenomena have granted this technology powerful versatility that no other technology can match.As this technology advances rapidly in various fields of application,some key challenges have emerged and remain to be urgently addressed.This review firstly introduces the fundamental principles for understanding how fs laser pulses interact with materials and the associated unique phenomena in section 2.Then micro/nano-fabrication in transparent materials by fs laser processing is presented in section 3.Thereafter,several high efficiency/throughput fabrication methods as well as pulse-shaping techniques are listed in sections 4 and 5 reviews four-dimensional(4D)and nanoscale printing realized by fs laser processing technology.Special attention is paid to the heterogeneous integration(HI)of functional materials enabled by fs laser processing in section 6.Several intriguing examples of 3D functional micro-devices created by fs laser-based manufacturing methods such as microfluidics,lab-on-chip,micro-optics,micro-mechanics,micro-electronics,micro-bots and micro-biodevices are reviewed in section 7.Finally,a summary of the review and a perspective are proposed to explore the challenges and future opportunities for further betterment of fs laser micro/nano processing technology.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB3707700)the Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(No.23XD1424300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52332003).
文摘Air plasma ablation behavior of Cf/(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))C-SiC composite was studied systematically with the surface temperature above 2000℃ at the ablation center.It presents a linear recession rate of 0.15μm/s and a mass recession rate of 2.05 mg/s after ablation at 4 MW/m^(2)(2000℃)for 300 s.Associated with the temperature gradient of the ablation surface,the oxidation products at different locations mainly consist of(TiZrHfNbTa)O_(x),(Zr_(x)Hf_(1-x))6(NbyTa_(1-y))_(2)O_(17),Ti(Nb_(x)Ta_(1-x))_(2)O_(7),(Hf_(x)Zr_(1-x))SiO_(4),and SiO_(2).Due to the synergistic effect of the multi-component oxides,oxidation products form a protective structure composed of high melting point oxide skeleton filled with relatively low melting point phases.It retards oxygen inward diffusion and prevents the composite fragmentation caused by plasma mechanical scouring.It is believed that the results would be helpful for further improving the ablation resistance by component design of high entropy ceramics and their composites.
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001571)R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(KM202212448003,KM202312448004)+4 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Project of Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture(XY-YF-22-02)Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory(ZSBBL-KY2023-03)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-04)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production(JCICMCP)Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry(CIC-MCP).
文摘Soybean mosaic virus(SMV),an RNA virus,is the most common and destructive pathogenic virus in soybean fields.The newly developed CRISPR/Cas immune system has provided a novel strategy for improving plant resistance to viruses;hence,this study aimed to engineer SMV resistance in soybean using this system.Specifically,multiple sgRNAs were designed to target positive-and/or negative-sense strands of the SMV HC-Pro gene.Subsequently,the corresponding CRISPR/CasRx vectors were constructed and transformed into soybeans.After inoculation with SMV,39.02%,35.77%,and 18.70%of T_(1)plants were confirmed to be highly resistant(HR),resistant(R),and mildly resistant(MR)to SMV,respectively,whereas only 6.50%were identified as susceptible(S).Additionally,qRT-PCR and DAS-ELISA showed that,both at 15 and 30 d post-inoculation(dpi),SMV accumulation significantly decreased or was even undetectable in HR and R plants,followed by MR and S plants.Additionally,the expression level of the CasRx gene varied in almost all T_(1)plants with different resistance level,both at 15 and 30 dpi.Furthermore,when SMV resistance was evaluated in the T_(2)generation,the results were similar to those recorded for the T_(1)generation.These findings provide new insights into the application of the CRISPR/CasRx system for soybean improvement and offer a promising alternative strategy for breeding for resistance to biotic stress that will contribute to the development of SMV-immune soybean germplasm to accelerate progress towards greater soybean crop productivity.
基金Supported by Applied Basic Research Project of Suzhou City(SYN201405)
文摘[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effect of paclobutrazol （PBZ） on heat tolerance of dahlia.[Methods] A dahlia variety Danbanhuang was selected as the experimental material in this study. After 100, 200, 300 or 400 mg/L paclobutrazol was sprayed evenly to the leaves of dahlia seedlings, they were cultured in an incubator at high temperature （35 ℃/30 ℃, day/night） for two days, and then transferred to an incubator at normal temperature （25 ℃/20 ℃, day/night）. The physiological and biochemical parameters of the dahlia seedlings were measured before exposure to high temperature （D0）, after exposure to high temperature for two days （D2） and exposure to normal temperature for one day （R1）.[Results] Compared to the negative control, foliar application of paclobutrazol decreased the content of MDA, increased the contents of chlorophyll, proline, soluble protein, and the activity of SOD, POD and CAT in dahlia plants under heat stress. The contents of MDA, soluble protein and proline in PBZ treated dahlia plants increased when they were subject to high temperature stress （35 ℃/30 ℃, day/night）, and then decreased when the temperature returned to normal （25 ℃/20 ℃, day/night）, and CAT activity decreased at high temperature, and then increased at normal temperature, while the activity of SOD and POD kept rising during the entire experimental period.[Conclusions] Foliar application of paclobutrazol can alleviate the adverse effect caused by high temperature to dahlia plants, and the experimental data provide a theoretical basis for the application of paclobutrazol in dahlia cultivation in South China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11675078)the Foundation of Graduate Innovation Center in NUAA(No.kfjj20160606,kfjj20170613,and kfjj20170617)+3 种基金the Primary Research and Development Plan of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2017729)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.NJ20160034)the Funding of Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education(No.KYLX16_0353)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘A method of spectrometry analysis based on approximation coefficients and deep belief networks was developed. Detection rate and accurate radionuclide identification distance were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method in identifying radionuclides. Experimental results show that identification performance was not affected by detection time, number of radionuclides, or detection distance when the minimum detectable activity of a single radionuclide was satisfied. Moreover, the proposed method could accurately predict isotopic compositions from the spectra of moving radionuclides. Thus, the designed method can be used for radiation monitoring instruments that identify radionuclides.
基金Supported by the Marine S&T Fund of Laoshan Laboratory(Qingdao)(No.LSKJ202204302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42090044,42376175,U2006211)。
文摘Bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus is an important migratory species that forages deeply,and El Niño events highly influence its distribution in the eastern Pacific Ocean.While sea surface temperature is widely recognized as the main factor affecting bigeye tuna(BET)distribution during El Niño events,the roles of different types of El Niño and subsurface oceanic signals,such as ocean heat content and mixed layer depth,remain unclear.We conducted A spatial-temporal analysis to investigate the relationship among BET distribution,El Niño events,and the underlying oceanic signals to address this knowledge gap.We used monthly purse seine fisheries data of BET in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean(ETPO)from 1994 to 2012 and extracted the central-Pacific El Niño(CPEN)indices based on Niño 3 and Niño 4indexes.Furthermore,we employed Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI)models to identify the main patterns and feature importance of the six environmental variables and used information flow analysis to determine the causality between the selected factors and BET distribution.Finally,we analyzed Argo datasets to calculate the vertical,horizontal,and zonal mean temperature differences during CPEN and normal years to clarify the oceanic thermodynamic structure differences between the two types of years.Our findings reveal that BET distribution during the CPEN years is mainly driven by advection feedback of subsurface warmer thermal signals and vertically warmer habitats in the CPEN domain area,especially in high-yield fishing areas.The high frequency of CPEN events will likely lead to the westward shift of fisheries centers.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42090044,42376175,U2006211)the Marine S&T Fund of Laoshan Laboratory(Qingdao)(No.LSKJ202204302)。
文摘As an economically critical pelagic migratory species,yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacores,YFT)is very sensible to physical and environmental conditions,such as sea surface temperature(SST),ocean heat content(OHC),and the mixed layer depth(MLD).We investigated the impact of SST,OHC,and MLD on fluctuations of YFT catch in the western/eastern Indian Ocean using the long time series of 63-year environmental and YFT datasets.We found that the impact of SST on YFT was heavily overestimated in the past,and MLD plays a more critical role in the YFT catch fluctuation.When the MLD deepens(>34.8 m),SST was more influential in predicting the catches of YFT than OHC in the western Indian Ocean,and OHC was more critical to YFT than SST in the eastern Indian Ocean.However,when the MLD shallows(<34.8 m),MLD was more vital to predict the catch per unit effort(CPUE)of YFT than SST/OHC in the western.After 2000,there was an asynchronous pattern of YFT CPUE induced by higher frequency variations and ocean hiatus of SST/OHC signals in the western and eastern Indian Oceans basins.The impact of the subsurface hiatus may induce the decrease of YFT in the eastern Indian Ocean.The above findings clarified a non-stationary relationship between the environmental factors and catches of YFT and provided new insights into variations in YFT abundance.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(Nos.2016YFC1401004,2016YFC1401008)the National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(No.41606200)+4 种基金the Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(No.2018ASKJ01)the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China(No.2019GHY112055)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41676168,41376028)the NSFC-Innovation Research Group of Sciences Fund(No.41421005)the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers(No.U1406401)。
文摘Many previous studies of the impact of oceanic environmental factors on chlorophyll(CHL)in a specific region focused on sea surface temperature(SST),mixed-layer depth(MLD),or wind stress(WS)alone.In this study,relationship between CHL and all those environmental factors(SST,MLD,and WS)in the open ocean was quantified for five regions within the subtropical gyres and the variation trend of 13-year(2003–2015)was analyzed using satellite observations and Argo measurements.The correlation analysis results show that MLD was correlated positively with CHL,SST was correlated negatively with CHL,and the correlation between CHL and WS was either positive or negative.Based on the significance of the correlations,models representing the relationships were established using the multiple linear regression and analyzed,showing that the environmental factors were the major determinants of CHL change.The regression coefficients show that both SST and MLD have remarkable effect on CHL.Our derived models could be used to diagnose the past changes,understand present variability,and predict the future state of CHL changes based on environmental factors,and help us understand the dynamics of CHL variation in the open ocean.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Jilin Province,China[20200708101YY]The Foundation of Jilin Province Science and Technology Department[20200801062GH].
文摘Background:Aldo-keto oxidoreductase(AKR)inhibitors could reverse the resistance of several cancer cells to cis-platin,but their role in resistance remains unclear.Methods:We verified the difference of AKR1Cs expression by Western blot,RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR.The differences of AKR1Cs expression were analyzed and inferred.Use Assay of NADH and NAD^(+)content to verify the inference.The Docking experience was used to verify the affinity between MPA,MCFLA,MLS and AKR1C3.Results:Our RNA-seq results showed de novo NAD biosynthesis-related genes and NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases were significantly upregulated in cis-platin-resistant HepG2 hepatic cancer cells(HepG2-RC cells)compared with HepG2 cells.At least 63 NAD(P)H-dependent reductase/oxidases were upregulated in HepG2-RC cells at least twofold.Knockdown of AKR1Cs could increase cis-platin sensitivity in HepG2-RC cells about two-fold.Interestingly,the AKR1C inhibitor meclofenamic acid could increase the cis-platin sensitivity of HepG2-RC cells about eight-fold,indicating that the knockdown of AKR1Cs only partially reversed the resistance.Meanwhile,the amount of total NAD and the ratio of NADH/NAD^(+)were increased in HepG2-RC cells compared with HepG2 cells.The ratio of NADH/NAD^(+)in HepG2-RC cells was almost seven-fold higher than in HepG2 or HL-7702 cells.Increased NADH expression could be explained as a directly operating antioxidant to scavenge cis-platin-induced radicals.Conclusion:We report here that NADH,which is produced by NAD(P)Hdependent oxidoreductases,plays a key role in the AKR-associated cis-platin resistance of HepG2 hepatic cancer cells.
基金Supported by Suzhou Agricultural Applied Basic Research Program(SNG201605)。
文摘[Objectives] This study was conducted to explore the color variation mechanism of Anthurium andraeanum spathe at the protein level. [Methods]The differential proteins of wild type and its white mutant were separated and identified by using one-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry( 1-DE/MS). [Results] Compared with leaves and spadices,the 1-DE patterns of two kinds of spathe proteins were significantly different,and two different bands were detected in wild type spathes and mutant spathes respectively. The four significantly differential bands were selected and analyzed by mass spectrometry,and 138,111,70 and 427 proteins were identified respectively. The results of GO functional annotation analysis showed that the molecular functions of the proteins were mainly catalytic activity and binding,and the main biological processes involved were cellular process and metabolic process. Many proteins involved in the synthesis of anthocyanins and flavonoids,sugar metabolism and some resistance proteins were screened,indicating that the spathe color difference of A. andraeanum‘Pink champion'is not only related to anthocyanin anabolism,but also regulated by various metabolic pathways. [Conclusions]The study provides a new experimental basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism of the regulation of A. andraeanum flower color.
基金Supported by the Applied Basic Research Program of Suzhou(SNG201605)Kunshan Ecological Agricultural Science and Technology Project(KN1614)
文摘In order to understand the mechanism of spathe color variation in Anthurium andraeanum at the protein level,the leaves,inflorescences and spathes of the wild type and two mutants of A.andraeanum‘Madural’were used as research objects in which the differential expression of proteins related to flower color mutants was analyzed by one-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry(1-DE/MS).The 1-DE patterns showed that the protein components expressed highly in spathes were mainly concentrated in the molecular weight range of 20-42 kD,and differential bands were detected between the wild type and the mutant,while no significant differences were detected in the leaf and inflorescence proteins.According to the results of mass spectrometry analysis of the differential bands,21 known functional proteins involved in life processes such as glucose metabolism,resistance,cytoskeleton,gene regulation and signal transduction were identified.It showed that in addition to the influences from anthocyanidins,the spathe color variation of A.andraeanum‘Madural’is also regulated by a variety of metabolic pathway-related proteins.
