Nowadays, the soar of photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells has set off a fever in the study of metal halide perovskite materials. The excellent optoelectronic properties and defect tolerance feature allo...Nowadays, the soar of photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells has set off a fever in the study of metal halide perovskite materials. The excellent optoelectronic properties and defect tolerance feature allow metal halide perovskite to be employed in a wide variety of applications. This article provides a holistic review over the current progress and future prospects of metal halide perovskite materials in representative promising applications, including traditional optoelectronic devices(solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, lasers), and cutting-edge technologies in terms of neuromorphic devices(artificial synapses and memristors) and pressure-induced emission. This review highlights the fundamentals, the current progress and the remaining challenges for each application, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the development status and a navigation of future research for metal halide perovskite materials and devices.展开更多
Sea ice growth and consolidation play a significant role in heat and momentum exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean.However,few in situ observations of sea ice kinematics have been reported owing to difficulti...Sea ice growth and consolidation play a significant role in heat and momentum exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean.However,few in situ observations of sea ice kinematics have been reported owing to difficulties of deployment of buoys in the marginal ice zone(MIZ).To investigate the characteristics of sea ice kinematics from MIZ to packed ice zone(PIZ),eight drifting buoys designed by Taiyuan University of Technology were deployed in the open water at the ice edge of the Canadian Basin.Sea ice near the buoy constantly increased as the buoy drifted,and the kinematics of the buoy changed as the buoy was frozen into the ice.This process can be determined using sea ice concentration,sea skin temperature,and drift speed of buoy together.Sea ice concentration data showed that buoys entered the PIZ in mid-October as the ice grew and consolidated around the buoys,with high amplitude,high frequency buoy motions almost ceasing.Our results confirmed that good correlation coefficient in monthly scale between buoy drift and the wind only happened in the ice zone.The correlation coefficient between buoys and wind was below 0.3 while the buoys were in open water.As buoys entered the ice zone,the buoy speed was normally distributed at wind speeds above 6 m/s.The buoy drifted mainly to the right of the wind within 45°at wind speeds above 8 m/s.During further consolidation of the ice in MIZ,the direct forcing on the ice through winds will be lessened.The correlation coefficient value increased to 0.9 in November,and gradually decreased to 0.7 in April.展开更多
Due to the inherent shortcomings of the hardware,the immersion of visual interaction between the user and the virtual reality(VR)equipment is greatly reduced.In this paper,effects of eye-around vibration haptics on im...Due to the inherent shortcomings of the hardware,the immersion of visual interaction between the user and the virtual reality(VR)equipment is greatly reduced.In this paper,effects of eye-around vibration haptics on improving the VR immersion were studied.The vibration was generated by flexible vibrators whose performance was evaluated by a laser vibrometer.Fitting the vibrators on the human eye area at different positions and derived by different waveforms and frequencies of the input signal,the effects of vibration on the human vision and comfort of the users were verified.Then,with the selected input signals and fitting locations,different kinds of vibration were applied on the eye area cooperating with virtual reality images or videos to evaluate the changes of immersion.Research results provide references to the modeling of eye tactile feedback and the design of relevant tactile device in improving the VR immersion.展开更多
The rapid endothelialization of tissue-engineered blood vessels(TEBVs) can effectively prevent thrombosis and inhibit intimal hyperplasia. The traditional Chinese medicine ingredient icariin is highly promising for th...The rapid endothelialization of tissue-engineered blood vessels(TEBVs) can effectively prevent thrombosis and inhibit intimal hyperplasia. The traditional Chinese medicine ingredient icariin is highly promising for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.β-cyclodextrin sulfate is a type of hollow molecule that has good biocompatibility and anticoagulation properties and exhibits a sustained release of icariin. We studied whether icariin-loaded β-cyclodextrin sulfate can promote the endothelialization of TEBVs. The experimental results showed that icariin could significantly promote the proliferation and migration of endothelial progenitor cells; at the same time, icariin could promote the migration of rat vascular endothelial cells(RAVECs). Subsequently,we used an electrostatic force to modify the surface of the TEBVs with icariin-loaded β-cyclodextrin sulfate, and these vessels were implanted into the rat common carotid artery. After 3 months, micro-CT results showed that the TEBVs modified using icariin-loaded β-cyclodextrin sulfate had a greater patency rate. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and CD31 immunofluorescence results showed a better degree of endothelialization. Taken together, icariin-loaded β-cyclodextrin sulfate can achieve anticoagulation and rapid endothelialization of TEBVs to ensure their long-term patency.展开更多
Metal-halide perovskite light-emitting diodes(PeLEDs)possess wide colour gamut,high luminescence efficiency,and low-cost synthesis,making them a promising photonic source for next-generation display applications.Since...Metal-halide perovskite light-emitting diodes(PeLEDs)possess wide colour gamut,high luminescence efficiency,and low-cost synthesis,making them a promising photonic source for next-generation display applications.Since the first room-temperature emission PeLED was demonstrated in 2014,their performance has improved rapidly within a few years,leading to considerable attention from academia and industry.In this review,we discuss the primary technical bottlenecks of PeLEDs for commercial display applications,including large-area PeLED preparation,patterning strategies,and flexible PeLED devices.We review the technical approaches for achieving these targets and highlight the current challenges while providing an outlook for these perovskite materials and PeLED devices to meet the requirements of the next-generation high-colour-purity full-colour display market.展开更多
The charosphere is a thin soil one surrounding the biochar with highly active biochemical functions.Yet,little is known about the spatial and temporal distribution of charosphere hotspots.In this study,repacked soil c...The charosphere is a thin soil one surrounding the biochar with highly active biochemical functions.Yet,little is known about the spatial and temporal distribution of charosphere hotspots.In this study,repacked soil cores were incubated with a central layer of biochar(pristine or acid-modified)with or without nitrogen(N)additions for 30 days and sliced at the millimeter scale for analyzing soil pH,mineral N,bacterial and fungal communities as well as the putative functions.We aimed to determine gradient distributions(in millimeter scale)of charosphere affected by biochar under different N additions.Our results showed narrower gradient changes(3 mm)of microbial community composition and wider shifts(6 mm)in pH and inorganic N contents in charosphere.The pristine biochar increased the soil pH up to 1.5 units in the charosphere,and subsequently boosted the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria,and Zygomycota.With N addition,both the biochar site and charosphere were observed with decreased complexity of microbial networks,which might imply the limited microbial functionality of charosphere.These results will advance the understanding and prediction of biochar’s environmental impacts in soil.展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB3803300)the open research fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory (2021SLABFK02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21961160720)。
文摘Nowadays, the soar of photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells has set off a fever in the study of metal halide perovskite materials. The excellent optoelectronic properties and defect tolerance feature allow metal halide perovskite to be employed in a wide variety of applications. This article provides a holistic review over the current progress and future prospects of metal halide perovskite materials in representative promising applications, including traditional optoelectronic devices(solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, lasers), and cutting-edge technologies in terms of neuromorphic devices(artificial synapses and memristors) and pressure-induced emission. This review highlights the fundamentals, the current progress and the remaining challenges for each application, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the development status and a navigation of future research for metal halide perovskite materials and devices.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2016YFC1402702the Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province under contract No.202103021224054.
文摘Sea ice growth and consolidation play a significant role in heat and momentum exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean.However,few in situ observations of sea ice kinematics have been reported owing to difficulties of deployment of buoys in the marginal ice zone(MIZ).To investigate the characteristics of sea ice kinematics from MIZ to packed ice zone(PIZ),eight drifting buoys designed by Taiyuan University of Technology were deployed in the open water at the ice edge of the Canadian Basin.Sea ice near the buoy constantly increased as the buoy drifted,and the kinematics of the buoy changed as the buoy was frozen into the ice.This process can be determined using sea ice concentration,sea skin temperature,and drift speed of buoy together.Sea ice concentration data showed that buoys entered the PIZ in mid-October as the ice grew and consolidated around the buoys,with high amplitude,high frequency buoy motions almost ceasing.Our results confirmed that good correlation coefficient in monthly scale between buoy drift and the wind only happened in the ice zone.The correlation coefficient between buoys and wind was below 0.3 while the buoys were in open water.As buoys entered the ice zone,the buoy speed was normally distributed at wind speeds above 6 m/s.The buoy drifted mainly to the right of the wind within 45°at wind speeds above 8 m/s.During further consolidation of the ice in MIZ,the direct forcing on the ice through winds will be lessened.The correlation coefficient value increased to 0.9 in November,and gradually decreased to 0.7 in April.
基金Supported by Knowledge Innovation Program of Shenzhen City(JCYJ20170306141926192)Guiding Project of Industrial Technology Development and Application(2019H0004).
文摘Due to the inherent shortcomings of the hardware,the immersion of visual interaction between the user and the virtual reality(VR)equipment is greatly reduced.In this paper,effects of eye-around vibration haptics on improving the VR immersion were studied.The vibration was generated by flexible vibrators whose performance was evaluated by a laser vibrometer.Fitting the vibrators on the human eye area at different positions and derived by different waveforms and frequencies of the input signal,the effects of vibration on the human vision and comfort of the users were verified.Then,with the selected input signals and fitting locations,different kinds of vibration were applied on the eye area cooperating with virtual reality images or videos to evaluate the changes of immersion.Research results provide references to the modeling of eye tactile feedback and the design of relevant tactile device in improving the VR immersion.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (31625011)the National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFC1101100)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Plan Young Scientists Program (2017YFA0106000)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by Cast (YESS20160180)
文摘The rapid endothelialization of tissue-engineered blood vessels(TEBVs) can effectively prevent thrombosis and inhibit intimal hyperplasia. The traditional Chinese medicine ingredient icariin is highly promising for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.β-cyclodextrin sulfate is a type of hollow molecule that has good biocompatibility and anticoagulation properties and exhibits a sustained release of icariin. We studied whether icariin-loaded β-cyclodextrin sulfate can promote the endothelialization of TEBVs. The experimental results showed that icariin could significantly promote the proliferation and migration of endothelial progenitor cells; at the same time, icariin could promote the migration of rat vascular endothelial cells(RAVECs). Subsequently,we used an electrostatic force to modify the surface of the TEBVs with icariin-loaded β-cyclodextrin sulfate, and these vessels were implanted into the rat common carotid artery. After 3 months, micro-CT results showed that the TEBVs modified using icariin-loaded β-cyclodextrin sulfate had a greater patency rate. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and CD31 immunofluorescence results showed a better degree of endothelialization. Taken together, icariin-loaded β-cyclodextrin sulfate can achieve anticoagulation and rapid endothelialization of TEBVs to ensure their long-term patency.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0201500)support from the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.T2225024)support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91956130,62104116).
文摘Metal-halide perovskite light-emitting diodes(PeLEDs)possess wide colour gamut,high luminescence efficiency,and low-cost synthesis,making them a promising photonic source for next-generation display applications.Since the first room-temperature emission PeLED was demonstrated in 2014,their performance has improved rapidly within a few years,leading to considerable attention from academia and industry.In this review,we discuss the primary technical bottlenecks of PeLEDs for commercial display applications,including large-area PeLED preparation,patterning strategies,and flexible PeLED devices.We review the technical approaches for achieving these targets and highlight the current challenges while providing an outlook for these perovskite materials and PeLED devices to meet the requirements of the next-generation high-colour-purity full-colour display market.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant Number:2022YFE0115300National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant Number:42177311The 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University.National Thousand(Young)Talents Program’of China.
文摘The charosphere is a thin soil one surrounding the biochar with highly active biochemical functions.Yet,little is known about the spatial and temporal distribution of charosphere hotspots.In this study,repacked soil cores were incubated with a central layer of biochar(pristine or acid-modified)with or without nitrogen(N)additions for 30 days and sliced at the millimeter scale for analyzing soil pH,mineral N,bacterial and fungal communities as well as the putative functions.We aimed to determine gradient distributions(in millimeter scale)of charosphere affected by biochar under different N additions.Our results showed narrower gradient changes(3 mm)of microbial community composition and wider shifts(6 mm)in pH and inorganic N contents in charosphere.The pristine biochar increased the soil pH up to 1.5 units in the charosphere,and subsequently boosted the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria,and Zygomycota.With N addition,both the biochar site and charosphere were observed with decreased complexity of microbial networks,which might imply the limited microbial functionality of charosphere.These results will advance the understanding and prediction of biochar’s environmental impacts in soil.
