Lacustrine groundwater discharge(LGD)plays an important role in water resources management.Previous studies have focused on LGD process in a single lake,but the differences in LGD process within the same region have n...Lacustrine groundwater discharge(LGD)plays an important role in water resources management.Previous studies have focused on LGD process in a single lake,but the differences in LGD process within the same region have not been thoroughly investigated.In this study,multiple tracers(hydrochemistry,𝛿D,𝛿18O and 222Rn)were used to compare mechanisms of LGD in Daihai and Ulansuhai Lake in Inner Mongoli1,Northwest China.The hydrochemical types showed a trend from groundwater to lake water,indicating a hydraulic connection between them.In addition,the𝛿D and𝛿18O values of sediment pore water were between the groundwater and lake water,indicating the LGD processes.The radon mass balance model was used to estimate the average groundwater discharge rates of Daihai and Ulansuhai Lake,which were 2.79 mm/day and 3.02 mm/day,respectively.The total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),and fluoride inputs associated with LGD in Daihai Lake accounted for 97.52%,96.59%,and 95.84%of the total inputs,respectively.In contrast,TN,TP and fluoride inputs in Ulansuhai Lake were 53.56%,40.98%,and 36.25%,respectively.This indicates that the pollutant inputs associated with LGD posed a potential threat to the ecological stability of Daihai and Ulansuhai Lake.By comparison,the differences of LGD process and associated pollutant flux were controlled by hydrogeological conditions,lakebed permeability and human activities.This study provides a reference for water resources management in Daihai and Ulansuhai Lake basins while improving the understanding of LGD in the Yellow River basin.展开更多
Wild relatives possess potential genetic diversity for maize (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Zea mays</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L.) improvem...Wild relatives possess potential genetic diversity for maize (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Zea mays</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L.) improvement. Characterization of maize-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mexicana</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> introgression lines (ILs) is of great value to diversify the genetic base and improve the maize germplasm. Four maize-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mexicana</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> IL generations, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">i.e.</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> BC1, BC2, BC3, and RIL, were constructed under the elite inbred background of 48-2, elite inbred line that is widely used in maize breeding in Southwestern China, and were phenotyped in different years and genotyped with 56110 SNPs. The results indicated that 48-2 had higher phenotypic performances than all the characterized ILs on most of the agronomic traits. Compared with other ILs, BC2 individuals exhibited more similar performance to 48-2 on most traits and possessed the highest kernel ratio (66.5%). Population structure and principal component analysis indicated that BC3 individuals gathered closer to 48-2 and exhibited the lowest </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mexicana</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-introgression frequency (0.50%), while BC2 (29.06%) and RIL (18.52%) showed higher introgression frequency. The high level of genetic diversity observed in the maize-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mexicana</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> ILs demonstrated that </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Z</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mays</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> ssp. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mexicana </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">can serve as a potential source for the enrichment of maize germplasm.</span>展开更多
Two red-emissive luminogens(TPTH and TPTB) with typical aggregation-induced emission characteristics were developed. By introducing the heavy atom of Br at the end of alkyl chain, TPTB exhibited higher reactive oxygen...Two red-emissive luminogens(TPTH and TPTB) with typical aggregation-induced emission characteristics were developed. By introducing the heavy atom of Br at the end of alkyl chain, TPTB exhibited higher reactive oxygen species generation efficiency through both types I and II pathways. Due to its excellent biocompatibility and proper lipophilicity, TPTB could be used for long-term cell membrane staining and this staining ability was independent of the change of plasma membrane potential. Furthermore, TPTB could ablate the cancer cells through cell membrane-targeted photodynamic therapy.展开更多
Emerging evidence suggests that priming intestinal stem cells(ISCs)towards secretory progenitor cells is beneficial for maintaining gut homeostasis against inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).However,the mechanism driving...Emerging evidence suggests that priming intestinal stem cells(ISCs)towards secretory progenitor cells is beneficial for maintaining gut homeostasis against inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).However,the mechanism driving such biased lineage commitment remains elusive.Here we show that MG53,also named as TRIM72,prompts ISCs to secretory lineages via upregulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorα(PPARα),thus maintaining intestinal epithelium integrity against noxious insults.Using genetic mouse models,we found that MG53 deficiency leads to exacerbated intestinal damage caused by various injuries in mice,whereas MG53 overexpression in ISCs is sufficient to ameliorate such damage.Mechanistically,MG53 promoted asymmetric division of ISCs to generate more progenitor cells of secretory lineages via activating PPARαsignaling.Specifically,MG53 overexpression induced PPARαexpression at transcriptional level and concomitantly increased PPARαactivity by elevating the contents of a panel of unsaturated fatty acids in the intestine that serve as potent endogenous agonists of PPARα.Furthermore,genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of PPARαabolished the protective effects of MG53.These findings reveal a crucial role of MG53-PPARαaxis in driving the secretory lineage commitment of ISCs,especially during injury response,highlighting the important therapeutic potential of targeting MG53-PPARαsignaling for IBD treatment and marking PPARαagonists as novel therapies for IBD caused by various etiologies.展开更多
CONSPECTUS:Thermoresponsive hydrogels possess an inherent capacity for autonomous adjustment of their properties in response to temperature variations,eliminating the requirement for external power sources and renderi...CONSPECTUS:Thermoresponsive hydrogels possess an inherent capacity for autonomous adjustment of their properties in response to temperature variations,eliminating the requirement for external power sources and rendering them suitable for diverse environmental applications.Our discourse commences by establishing a foundational comprehension of the two principal categories governing thermal transitions in thermoresponsive hydrogels,namely,the Lower Critical Solution Temperature(LCST)and the Upper Critical Solution Temperature(UCST).展开更多
Soil continuous monocropping obstacles pose a significant challenge to the sustainable production of cut chrysanthemums.Yet,the effectiveness of integrating biochar and microbial antagonists in alleviating these obsta...Soil continuous monocropping obstacles pose a significant challenge to the sustainable production of cut chrysanthemums.Yet,the effectiveness of integrating biochar and microbial antagonists in alleviating these obstacles in cut chrysanthemum production remains unclear.Here,we collected soils from a 12-year continuous cropping system with a high incidence of disease to establish a pot experiment comprising four treatments:control(CK),biochar(BC),Bacillus subtilis(BM),and their combined addition(BM_BC),investigating the effects of biochar and B.subtilis on the disease incidence,plant growth,pathogenic and antagonistic microbial populations,and the bacterial and fungal communities in diseased soil.The results showed that BM_BC treatment effectively controlled the disease and significantly increased(P<0.05)the plant biomass and root activity of cut chrysanthemum by 41.3%and 254%,respectively,compared to the CK.Notably,the BM_BC exhibited the lowest population of Fusarium oxysporum and the highest population of B.subtilis,along with the greatest alpha diversity(measured by Chao1 and Shannon indices)of both bacterial and fungal communities among the four treatments.The amendments of BC,BM,and BM_BC significantly altered the structure and composition of bacterial and fungal communities,with BM_BC primarily enriching beneficial bacteria and suppressing pathogen.Microbial co-occurrence network analysis revealed that BM_BC increased the abundance of module 2,co-dominated by bacterial and fungal species,and strengthened the interactions between them.The PLS-PM analysis demonstrated that bacteria-fungi interkingdom interactions played a crucial role in promoting the growth of cut chrysanthemums in diseased soil.Therefore,our findings underscore the synergistic effects of biochar and B.subtilis in suppressing Fusarium wilt disease and enhancing the growth of cut chrysanthemums by strengthening microbial interkingdom interactions.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(No.2023QN04011)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42307092 and 52279067)+1 种基金Ordos Science and Technology Major Project(No.ZD20232303)Project of Key Laboratory of River and Lake in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(No.2022QZBZ0003).
文摘Lacustrine groundwater discharge(LGD)plays an important role in water resources management.Previous studies have focused on LGD process in a single lake,but the differences in LGD process within the same region have not been thoroughly investigated.In this study,multiple tracers(hydrochemistry,𝛿D,𝛿18O and 222Rn)were used to compare mechanisms of LGD in Daihai and Ulansuhai Lake in Inner Mongoli1,Northwest China.The hydrochemical types showed a trend from groundwater to lake water,indicating a hydraulic connection between them.In addition,the𝛿D and𝛿18O values of sediment pore water were between the groundwater and lake water,indicating the LGD processes.The radon mass balance model was used to estimate the average groundwater discharge rates of Daihai and Ulansuhai Lake,which were 2.79 mm/day and 3.02 mm/day,respectively.The total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),and fluoride inputs associated with LGD in Daihai Lake accounted for 97.52%,96.59%,and 95.84%of the total inputs,respectively.In contrast,TN,TP and fluoride inputs in Ulansuhai Lake were 53.56%,40.98%,and 36.25%,respectively.This indicates that the pollutant inputs associated with LGD posed a potential threat to the ecological stability of Daihai and Ulansuhai Lake.By comparison,the differences of LGD process and associated pollutant flux were controlled by hydrogeological conditions,lakebed permeability and human activities.This study provides a reference for water resources management in Daihai and Ulansuhai Lake basins while improving the understanding of LGD in the Yellow River basin.
文摘Wild relatives possess potential genetic diversity for maize (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Zea mays</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L.) improvement. Characterization of maize-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mexicana</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> introgression lines (ILs) is of great value to diversify the genetic base and improve the maize germplasm. Four maize-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mexicana</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> IL generations, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">i.e.</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> BC1, BC2, BC3, and RIL, were constructed under the elite inbred background of 48-2, elite inbred line that is widely used in maize breeding in Southwestern China, and were phenotyped in different years and genotyped with 56110 SNPs. The results indicated that 48-2 had higher phenotypic performances than all the characterized ILs on most of the agronomic traits. Compared with other ILs, BC2 individuals exhibited more similar performance to 48-2 on most traits and possessed the highest kernel ratio (66.5%). Population structure and principal component analysis indicated that BC3 individuals gathered closer to 48-2 and exhibited the lowest </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mexicana</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-introgression frequency (0.50%), while BC2 (29.06%) and RIL (18.52%) showed higher introgression frequency. The high level of genetic diversity observed in the maize-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mexicana</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> ILs demonstrated that </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Z</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mays</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> ssp. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mexicana </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">can serve as a potential source for the enrichment of maize germplasm.</span>
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22077077, 21975149, 21672135)the Funded Projects for the Academic Leaders and Academic Backbones,Shaanxi Normal University (No. 18QNGG007)。
文摘Two red-emissive luminogens(TPTH and TPTB) with typical aggregation-induced emission characteristics were developed. By introducing the heavy atom of Br at the end of alkyl chain, TPTB exhibited higher reactive oxygen species generation efficiency through both types I and II pathways. Due to its excellent biocompatibility and proper lipophilicity, TPTB could be used for long-term cell membrane staining and this staining ability was independent of the change of plasma membrane potential. Furthermore, TPTB could ablate the cancer cells through cell membrane-targeted photodynamic therapy.
基金funded by National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1303003,2018YFA0800701,2018YFA0507603,and 2018YFA0800501)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81770376,81630008,81790621,31521062,31671177,and 81370234).
文摘Emerging evidence suggests that priming intestinal stem cells(ISCs)towards secretory progenitor cells is beneficial for maintaining gut homeostasis against inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).However,the mechanism driving such biased lineage commitment remains elusive.Here we show that MG53,also named as TRIM72,prompts ISCs to secretory lineages via upregulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorα(PPARα),thus maintaining intestinal epithelium integrity against noxious insults.Using genetic mouse models,we found that MG53 deficiency leads to exacerbated intestinal damage caused by various injuries in mice,whereas MG53 overexpression in ISCs is sufficient to ameliorate such damage.Mechanistically,MG53 promoted asymmetric division of ISCs to generate more progenitor cells of secretory lineages via activating PPARαsignaling.Specifically,MG53 overexpression induced PPARαexpression at transcriptional level and concomitantly increased PPARαactivity by elevating the contents of a panel of unsaturated fatty acids in the intestine that serve as potent endogenous agonists of PPARα.Furthermore,genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of PPARαabolished the protective effects of MG53.These findings reveal a crucial role of MG53-PPARαaxis in driving the secretory lineage commitment of ISCs,especially during injury response,highlighting the important therapeutic potential of targeting MG53-PPARαsignaling for IBD treatment and marking PPARαagonists as novel therapies for IBD caused by various etiologies.
基金funding support from the Global STEM Professorship Scheme sponsored by the Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionStart-up funding from The Chinese University of Hong Kong.
文摘CONSPECTUS:Thermoresponsive hydrogels possess an inherent capacity for autonomous adjustment of their properties in response to temperature variations,eliminating the requirement for external power sources and rendering them suitable for diverse environmental applications.Our discourse commences by establishing a foundational comprehension of the two principal categories governing thermal transitions in thermoresponsive hydrogels,namely,the Lower Critical Solution Temperature(LCST)and the Upper Critical Solution Temperature(UCST).
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42207367)the Basic Public Welfare Research Project of Zhejiang Province(No.LGN20C150003)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(No.2022M711655).
文摘Soil continuous monocropping obstacles pose a significant challenge to the sustainable production of cut chrysanthemums.Yet,the effectiveness of integrating biochar and microbial antagonists in alleviating these obstacles in cut chrysanthemum production remains unclear.Here,we collected soils from a 12-year continuous cropping system with a high incidence of disease to establish a pot experiment comprising four treatments:control(CK),biochar(BC),Bacillus subtilis(BM),and their combined addition(BM_BC),investigating the effects of biochar and B.subtilis on the disease incidence,plant growth,pathogenic and antagonistic microbial populations,and the bacterial and fungal communities in diseased soil.The results showed that BM_BC treatment effectively controlled the disease and significantly increased(P<0.05)the plant biomass and root activity of cut chrysanthemum by 41.3%and 254%,respectively,compared to the CK.Notably,the BM_BC exhibited the lowest population of Fusarium oxysporum and the highest population of B.subtilis,along with the greatest alpha diversity(measured by Chao1 and Shannon indices)of both bacterial and fungal communities among the four treatments.The amendments of BC,BM,and BM_BC significantly altered the structure and composition of bacterial and fungal communities,with BM_BC primarily enriching beneficial bacteria and suppressing pathogen.Microbial co-occurrence network analysis revealed that BM_BC increased the abundance of module 2,co-dominated by bacterial and fungal species,and strengthened the interactions between them.The PLS-PM analysis demonstrated that bacteria-fungi interkingdom interactions played a crucial role in promoting the growth of cut chrysanthemums in diseased soil.Therefore,our findings underscore the synergistic effects of biochar and B.subtilis in suppressing Fusarium wilt disease and enhancing the growth of cut chrysanthemums by strengthening microbial interkingdom interactions.
