The secondary cell wall(SCW)is essential for plant growth and development in vascular plants,and its biosynthesis is mainly controlled by a complex hierarchical regulatory network involving multiple transcription fact...The secondary cell wall(SCW)is essential for plant growth and development in vascular plants,and its biosynthesis is mainly controlled by a complex hierarchical regulatory network involving multiple transcription factors(TFs)at the transcription level.However,TFs that specifically regulate secondary xylem have not been widely reported.In this study,we described a poplar KNOTTED1-like homeobox(KNOX)TF PtoKNAT3a1,which was mainly expressed in the expanding xylem cells of stems.PtoKNAT3a1 overexpression caused fiber SCW thickening and increased all measured SCW compositions by upregulating the expression of SCW-biosynthetic genes and-associated TFs,but had no effect on the vessels of SCW.The opposite phenotype was observed in the PtoKNAT3a1-knockout lines.Hence,we further demonstrated that Pto-KNAT3a1 could physically interact with the NAC master switches PtoWND2A/3A to enhance the expression of downstream MYB TFs and SCW biosynthetic genes(including PtoMYB20,PtoMYB21,PtoMYB90,PtoCoMT2,PtoGT43B and PtoCesA8).Meanwhile,the studies also demonstrate that the KNAT3 has functional differentiation in xylem development.Taken together,these data suggest that the KNAT3a1-WND2A/3A module positively regulates fiber development of the secondary xylem in poplar via the WND2A/3A-mediated hierarchical regulatory network,and supplies useful information for fiber SCW formation.The research not only deepens the understanding of the hierarchical regulatory network affecting SCW formation but also supplies genetic resources and molecular targets for plant fiber utilization.展开更多
Woody plants in forests play a central role in sustaining ecosystem function and serve as renewable sources of energy.Perennial trees in temperate and boreal regions exhibit seasonally synchronized shoot growth and wo...Woody plants in forests play a central role in sustaining ecosystem function and serve as renewable sources of energy.Perennial trees in temperate and boreal regions exhibit seasonally synchronized shoot growth and wood production,as revealed by bud growth-dormancy cycles and tree-ring formation.To survive harsh winters,trees undergo vegetative growth cessation in late summer or early autumn,impacting the duration of wood production and wood quality.However,deciduous trees in frost-free temperate and subtropical regions may experience limited atmospheric carbon assimilation and biomass accumulation due to seasonal dormancy.Thus,understanding the regulatory networks governing the seasonal growth of trees could facilitate the generation of desirable tree germplasm suited for different climate zones.展开更多
The preparation and application of functional hydrogels based on natural polysaccharides have always been a hot research topic.In this study,using acrylamide(AM)monomer,N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide(MBA)as crosslin...The preparation and application of functional hydrogels based on natural polysaccharides have always been a hot research topic.In this study,using acrylamide(AM)monomer,N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide(MBA)as crosslinking agent,potassium persulfate(K2S2O8)as initiator,in the presence of natural polysaccharide sodium alginate(SA),the PAM/SA hydrogel was prepared by free radical polymerization.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),swelling performance tests,scanning electron microscope(SEM),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),UV-visible spectrophotometer,mechanical property measurements were carried out to analyze the composition,morphology,and performance of the hydrogels.The swelling behavior,dye adsorption performance,and the mechanical properties of PAM/SA hydrogels before and after Fe^(3+)adsorption were studied.The experimental results showed that the introduction of SA with 4.7%,7.8%,and 10.3%effectively improved the mechanical and dye adsorption properties of PAM composite hydrogels.The adsorption capacity of PAM/4.7%SA and PAM/10.3%SA hydrogels at equilibrium can reach 40.01 and 44.02 mg/g for methylene blue,which is higher than the value 13.58 mg/g of pure PAM hydrogel.The compressive strength of pure PAM hydrogel is 0.124 MPa.When the SA content is 4.7%,7.8%,and 10.3%,the compressive strength of the PAM/SA hydrogel was corresponding to 0.130 MPa,0.134 MPa,and 0.152 MPa,respectively.Fe^(3+)was introduced into the PAM/SA hydrogels,and PAM/SA/Fe^(3+)double-network hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties could be prepared by adjusting the SA content(4.7%,7.8%,and 10.3%),soaking time(1 h,2 h,3 h,4 h,5 h,6 h),and Fe^(3+)concentration(4.76%,7.41%,9.09%,and 13.04%).Under the same Fe^(3+)concentration of 9.09%and adsorption time of 4 h,the compressive strengths of the PAM/4.7%SA,PAM/7.8%SA,and PAM/10.3%SA hydrogels could reach 0.354 MPa,0.767 MPa,and 0.778 MPa,respectively.展开更多
Tung tree, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Vernicia fordii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, is a plant species producing industrial oi...Tung tree, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Vernicia fordii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, is a plant species producing industrial oil (tung oil). Although the cultivation of the tung tree produces great economic value, some important genetic and physiological traits in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">V. fordii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> have not been fully recognized. As one of them, the effect of pollen on the maternal plant (xenia) is unknown in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">V. fordii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, which is an important part of the efficient cultivation system of many crops. This study performed hybridization with three important tung cultivars (Dami, Xiaomi and Putao) to evaluate the influence of pollen source on fruit and seed development. The results revealed that xenia is present in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">V. fordii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, which influences fruit setting, fruit size, seed weight and oil content. Among the cultivars investigated, the hybridization combination with Putao as a female parent and Dami as male parent showed significant improvement of seed yield and oil content than self-pollination, which could be considered to apply in practice.展开更多
(Molecular Plant 17,112–140;January 12024)After the publication of our review paper,we became aware of errors in Figure 3.In Figure 3A,“catechyl alcohol”and“stilveno-”should be“caffeyl alcohol”and“stilbeno-”,...(Molecular Plant 17,112–140;January 12024)After the publication of our review paper,we became aware of errors in Figure 3.In Figure 3A,“catechyl alcohol”and“stilveno-”should be“caffeyl alcohol”and“stilbeno-”,respectively.In addition,“AEOMT”should be added in the step from Caffeoyl CoA to Feruloyl CoA.In the legend to Figure 3A,“hydroxycinnamic acids/hydroxycinnamoyl CoA ester O-methyltransferase”should be“hydroxycinnamic acid/hydroxycinnamoyl CoA ester O-methyltransferase”.In the Angiosperms(monocot/grasses)lignin structure in Figure 3B,the C4 side chains(trioxybutyl structure)of the 5^(th) aromatic ring from the top left end and the 3^(rd) aromatic ring from the top right end should be C_(3) side chains(trioxypropyl structure).The 4-O-4 biphenyl ether structure at the bottom of the Angiosperms(monocot/grasses)lignin structure in Figure 3B should be 4-O-5 biphenyl ether structure.In the Gymnosperms lignin structure in Figure 3B,a methoxy group should be added to the 12^(th) aromatic ring from the top left end.A corrected version of Figure 3 is shown below.The scientific conclusions of this article have not been affected by this correction.We apologize for not detecting the errors prior to publication and for any inconvenience that may have been caused.展开更多
Cell walls in plants,particularly forest trees,are the major carbon sink of the terrestrial ecosystem.Chemical and biosynthetic features of plant cell walls were revealed early on,focusing mostly on herbaceous model s...Cell walls in plants,particularly forest trees,are the major carbon sink of the terrestrial ecosystem.Chemical and biosynthetic features of plant cell walls were revealed early on,focusing mostly on herbaceous model species.Recent developments in genomics,transcriptomics,epigenomics,transgenesis,and associated analytical techniques are enabling novel insights into formation of woody cell walls.Here,we review multilevel regulation of cell wall biosynthesis in forest tree species.We highlight current approaches to engineering cell walls as potential feedstock for materials and energy and survey reported field tests of such engineered transgenic trees.We outline opportunities and challenges in future research to better understand cell type biogenesis for more efficient wood cell wall modification and utilization for biomaterials or for enhanced carbon capture and storage.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2023ZD0406803)the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2021YFD2200204)+2 种基金the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32071791 and 32271835)the Chongqing Youth Top Talent Program(Grant No.CQYC201905028)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.XDJK2020B036).
文摘The secondary cell wall(SCW)is essential for plant growth and development in vascular plants,and its biosynthesis is mainly controlled by a complex hierarchical regulatory network involving multiple transcription factors(TFs)at the transcription level.However,TFs that specifically regulate secondary xylem have not been widely reported.In this study,we described a poplar KNOTTED1-like homeobox(KNOX)TF PtoKNAT3a1,which was mainly expressed in the expanding xylem cells of stems.PtoKNAT3a1 overexpression caused fiber SCW thickening and increased all measured SCW compositions by upregulating the expression of SCW-biosynthetic genes and-associated TFs,but had no effect on the vessels of SCW.The opposite phenotype was observed in the PtoKNAT3a1-knockout lines.Hence,we further demonstrated that Pto-KNAT3a1 could physically interact with the NAC master switches PtoWND2A/3A to enhance the expression of downstream MYB TFs and SCW biosynthetic genes(including PtoMYB20,PtoMYB21,PtoMYB90,PtoCoMT2,PtoGT43B and PtoCesA8).Meanwhile,the studies also demonstrate that the KNAT3 has functional differentiation in xylem development.Taken together,these data suggest that the KNAT3a1-WND2A/3A module positively regulates fiber development of the secondary xylem in poplar via the WND2A/3A-mediated hierarchical regulatory network,and supplies useful information for fiber SCW formation.The research not only deepens the understanding of the hierarchical regulatory network affecting SCW formation but also supplies genetic resources and molecular targets for plant fiber utilization.
基金supported by the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD04068)Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0995)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(SWUKR22015)。
文摘Woody plants in forests play a central role in sustaining ecosystem function and serve as renewable sources of energy.Perennial trees in temperate and boreal regions exhibit seasonally synchronized shoot growth and wood production,as revealed by bud growth-dormancy cycles and tree-ring formation.To survive harsh winters,trees undergo vegetative growth cessation in late summer or early autumn,impacting the duration of wood production and wood quality.However,deciduous trees in frost-free temperate and subtropical regions may experience limited atmospheric carbon assimilation and biomass accumulation due to seasonal dormancy.Thus,understanding the regulatory networks governing the seasonal growth of trees could facilitate the generation of desirable tree germplasm suited for different climate zones.
基金This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21704008,21644002)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20201449)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Institutions of China(Grant No.20KJA430011)Applied Basic Research Project of Changzhou(Grant No.CJ20180052)。
文摘The preparation and application of functional hydrogels based on natural polysaccharides have always been a hot research topic.In this study,using acrylamide(AM)monomer,N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide(MBA)as crosslinking agent,potassium persulfate(K2S2O8)as initiator,in the presence of natural polysaccharide sodium alginate(SA),the PAM/SA hydrogel was prepared by free radical polymerization.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),swelling performance tests,scanning electron microscope(SEM),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),UV-visible spectrophotometer,mechanical property measurements were carried out to analyze the composition,morphology,and performance of the hydrogels.The swelling behavior,dye adsorption performance,and the mechanical properties of PAM/SA hydrogels before and after Fe^(3+)adsorption were studied.The experimental results showed that the introduction of SA with 4.7%,7.8%,and 10.3%effectively improved the mechanical and dye adsorption properties of PAM composite hydrogels.The adsorption capacity of PAM/4.7%SA and PAM/10.3%SA hydrogels at equilibrium can reach 40.01 and 44.02 mg/g for methylene blue,which is higher than the value 13.58 mg/g of pure PAM hydrogel.The compressive strength of pure PAM hydrogel is 0.124 MPa.When the SA content is 4.7%,7.8%,and 10.3%,the compressive strength of the PAM/SA hydrogel was corresponding to 0.130 MPa,0.134 MPa,and 0.152 MPa,respectively.Fe^(3+)was introduced into the PAM/SA hydrogels,and PAM/SA/Fe^(3+)double-network hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties could be prepared by adjusting the SA content(4.7%,7.8%,and 10.3%),soaking time(1 h,2 h,3 h,4 h,5 h,6 h),and Fe^(3+)concentration(4.76%,7.41%,9.09%,and 13.04%).Under the same Fe^(3+)concentration of 9.09%and adsorption time of 4 h,the compressive strengths of the PAM/4.7%SA,PAM/7.8%SA,and PAM/10.3%SA hydrogels could reach 0.354 MPa,0.767 MPa,and 0.778 MPa,respectively.
文摘Tung tree, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Vernicia fordii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, is a plant species producing industrial oil (tung oil). Although the cultivation of the tung tree produces great economic value, some important genetic and physiological traits in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">V. fordii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> have not been fully recognized. As one of them, the effect of pollen on the maternal plant (xenia) is unknown in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">V. fordii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, which is an important part of the efficient cultivation system of many crops. This study performed hybridization with three important tung cultivars (Dami, Xiaomi and Putao) to evaluate the influence of pollen source on fruit and seed development. The results revealed that xenia is present in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">V. fordii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, which influences fruit setting, fruit size, seed weight and oil content. Among the cultivars investigated, the hybridization combination with Putao as a female parent and Dami as male parent showed significant improvement of seed yield and oil content than self-pollination, which could be considered to apply in practice.
文摘(Molecular Plant 17,112–140;January 12024)After the publication of our review paper,we became aware of errors in Figure 3.In Figure 3A,“catechyl alcohol”and“stilveno-”should be“caffeyl alcohol”and“stilbeno-”,respectively.In addition,“AEOMT”should be added in the step from Caffeoyl CoA to Feruloyl CoA.In the legend to Figure 3A,“hydroxycinnamic acids/hydroxycinnamoyl CoA ester O-methyltransferase”should be“hydroxycinnamic acid/hydroxycinnamoyl CoA ester O-methyltransferase”.In the Angiosperms(monocot/grasses)lignin structure in Figure 3B,the C4 side chains(trioxybutyl structure)of the 5^(th) aromatic ring from the top left end and the 3^(rd) aromatic ring from the top right end should be C_(3) side chains(trioxypropyl structure).The 4-O-4 biphenyl ether structure at the bottom of the Angiosperms(monocot/grasses)lignin structure in Figure 3B should be 4-O-5 biphenyl ether structure.In the Gymnosperms lignin structure in Figure 3B,a methoxy group should be added to the 12^(th) aromatic ring from the top left end.A corrected version of Figure 3 is shown below.The scientific conclusions of this article have not been affected by this correction.We apologize for not detecting the errors prior to publication and for any inconvenience that may have been caused.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD2200700)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(grant 2572022DQ01)+6 种基金the Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program(Tree Genetics and Breeding Innovation Team)the 111 Project(B16010)supported by the Young Scholar Fellowship Columbus Program from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan,China(111-2311-B-002-021)the National Science and Technology Council(112-2636-B-006-006)MEXT KAKENHI(JP18H05484,JP18H05489)the Research Foundation Flanders for proving the predoctoral fellowship.D.M.O.is indebted to the Research Foundation Flanders(FWO,grant 1246123N)for a postdoctoral fellowshipsupported by the Energy Transition Fund projects AdLibio and AdvBio,the interuniversity iBOF project NextBioRef,and the FWO project G011620N。
文摘Cell walls in plants,particularly forest trees,are the major carbon sink of the terrestrial ecosystem.Chemical and biosynthetic features of plant cell walls were revealed early on,focusing mostly on herbaceous model species.Recent developments in genomics,transcriptomics,epigenomics,transgenesis,and associated analytical techniques are enabling novel insights into formation of woody cell walls.Here,we review multilevel regulation of cell wall biosynthesis in forest tree species.We highlight current approaches to engineering cell walls as potential feedstock for materials and energy and survey reported field tests of such engineered transgenic trees.We outline opportunities and challenges in future research to better understand cell type biogenesis for more efficient wood cell wall modification and utilization for biomaterials or for enhanced carbon capture and storage.
