Research suggests that inflammation is important in the pathophysiology of mental disorders.In addition,a growing body of evidence has led to the concept of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.To understand the potential in...Research suggests that inflammation is important in the pathophysiology of mental disorders.In addition,a growing body of evidence has led to the concept of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.To understand the potential interactions,we begin by exploring the liaison between the immune system and mental disorders,then we describe the evidence that the microbiota impact the immune response in the developing brain.Next,we review the literature that has documented microbiome alterations in major mental disorders.We end with a summary of therapeutic applications,ranging from psycho-biotics to immunomodulatory drugs that could affect the microbiotagut-brain axis,and potential treatments to alleviate the adverse effects of antipsycho tics.We conclude that there is promising evidence to support the position that the microbiota plays an important role in the immunological pathophysiology of mental disorders with an emphasis on psychotic disorders and mood disorders.However,more research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)materials with large band gaps and strong and tunable second-harmonic generation(SHG)coefficients play an important role in the miniaturization of deep-ultraviolet(DUV)nonlinear optical(NLO)devices....Two-dimensional(2D)materials with large band gaps and strong and tunable second-harmonic generation(SHG)coefficients play an important role in the miniaturization of deep-ultraviolet(DUV)nonlinear optical(NLO)devices.Despite the existence of numerous experimentally synthesized 2D materials,none of them have been reported to meet DUV NLO requirements.Herein,an experimentally available graphene-like BeO monolayer created only by NLO-active[BeO_(3)]units is suggested as an excellent 2D DUV NLO material because of its ultrawideband gap(6.86 eV)and a strong SHG effect(χ_(22)^((2))(2D)=6.81Åpm/V)based on first-principles calculations.By applying stacking,strain,and twist engineering methods,numerous 2D BeO sheets have been predicted,and their flexible structural characteristics provide them with tunable NLO propertie s.Remarkably,the extremely stress-sensitive out-of-planeχ_(15)^((2))(2D)andχ_(33)^((2))(2D)(with an exceptional 30%change)and robust in-planeχ_(22)^((2))(2D)against large strains can be achieved together in AC-and ACE-stacked BeO sheets under in-plane biaxial strain,exhibiting emergent phenomena uniquely not observed in other known 2D NLO materials.Our results reveal that 2D BeO systems should be a new option for 2D DUV NLO materials.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81871056)。
文摘Research suggests that inflammation is important in the pathophysiology of mental disorders.In addition,a growing body of evidence has led to the concept of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.To understand the potential interactions,we begin by exploring the liaison between the immune system and mental disorders,then we describe the evidence that the microbiota impact the immune response in the developing brain.Next,we review the literature that has documented microbiome alterations in major mental disorders.We end with a summary of therapeutic applications,ranging from psycho-biotics to immunomodulatory drugs that could affect the microbiotagut-brain axis,and potential treatments to alleviate the adverse effects of antipsycho tics.We conclude that there is promising evidence to support the position that the microbiota plays an important role in the immunological pathophysiology of mental disorders with an emphasis on psychotic disorders and mood disorders.However,more research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB3601502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22193044,52403305,22361132544)+4 种基金the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-024)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0880000)the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region"Tianchi Talent"Introduction Plan(2024000069)the Tianshan Basic Research Talents(2022TSYCJU0001)the Xinjiang Major Science and Technology Project(2021A01001)。
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)materials with large band gaps and strong and tunable second-harmonic generation(SHG)coefficients play an important role in the miniaturization of deep-ultraviolet(DUV)nonlinear optical(NLO)devices.Despite the existence of numerous experimentally synthesized 2D materials,none of them have been reported to meet DUV NLO requirements.Herein,an experimentally available graphene-like BeO monolayer created only by NLO-active[BeO_(3)]units is suggested as an excellent 2D DUV NLO material because of its ultrawideband gap(6.86 eV)and a strong SHG effect(χ_(22)^((2))(2D)=6.81Åpm/V)based on first-principles calculations.By applying stacking,strain,and twist engineering methods,numerous 2D BeO sheets have been predicted,and their flexible structural characteristics provide them with tunable NLO propertie s.Remarkably,the extremely stress-sensitive out-of-planeχ_(15)^((2))(2D)andχ_(33)^((2))(2D)(with an exceptional 30%change)and robust in-planeχ_(22)^((2))(2D)against large strains can be achieved together in AC-and ACE-stacked BeO sheets under in-plane biaxial strain,exhibiting emergent phenomena uniquely not observed in other known 2D NLO materials.Our results reveal that 2D BeO systems should be a new option for 2D DUV NLO materials.
