Sarcopenia,a progressive and systemic skeletal muscle disorder marked by the accelerated deterioration of both muscle function and mass,is highly prevalent among the elderly population,significantly contributing to an...Sarcopenia,a progressive and systemic skeletal muscle disorder marked by the accelerated deterioration of both muscle function and mass,is highly prevalent among the elderly population,significantly contributing to an elevated risk of adverse outcomes,including falls,fractures,and muscle weakness.Clinical investigations have identified a strong correlation between sarcopenia and several prevalent degenerative skeletal muscle disorders.This correlation is attributed to imbalances in joint mechanics resulting from localized muscle atrophy and the influence of musculoskeletal secretory factors.In this review,we discuss the broader implications of sarcopenia and critically evaluate the currently established assessment methods.Furthermore,the clinical significance of prevalent musculoskeletal disorders(including osteoporosis,osteoarthritis,and spinal pathologies)in relation to sarcopenia,alongside the underlying mechanisms influencing this relationship,is summarized.Additionally,the effects of sarcopenia on the therapeutic efficacy of medications and surgical interventions for musculoskeletal conditions are reviewed.Sarcopenia is intricately linked to the onset,progression,and prognosis of musculoskeletal disorders.Future research should prioritize elucidating the potential mechanisms that connect muscle loss with skeletal muscle diseases,and investigating whether mitigating sarcopenia symptoms could decelerate the progression of these disorders,thereby paving new pathways for therapeutic interventions.展开更多
The circadian clock and sleep are essential for human physiology and behavior; deregulation of circadian rhythms impairs health and performance. Circadian clocks and sleep evolved to adapt to Earth's environment, ...The circadian clock and sleep are essential for human physiology and behavior; deregulation of circadian rhythms impairs health and performance. Circadian clocks and sleep evolved to adapt to Earth's environment, which is characterized by a 24-hour light–dark cycle. Changes in gravity load, lighting and work schedules during spaceflight missions can impact circadian clocks and disrupt sleep, in turn jeopardizing the mood, cognition and performance of orbiting astronauts. In this review, we summarize our understanding of both the influence of the space environment on the circadian timing system and sleep and the impact of these changes on astronaut physiology and performance.展开更多
Objective While the upregulation of cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1(CYP24A1)gene expression has been reported in colon cancer,its role in tumorigenesis remains largely unknown.In this study,we aimed to ...Objective While the upregulation of cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1(CYP24A1)gene expression has been reported in colon cancer,its role in tumorigenesis remains largely unknown.In this study,we aimed to investigate the involvement of CYP24A1 in Wnt pathway regulation via the nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)pathway.Methods The human colon cancer cell lines HCT-116 and Caco-2 were subjected to stimulation with interleukin-6(IL-6)as well as tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),with subsequent treatment using the NF-κB pathway-specific inhibitor ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate(PDTC).Furthermore,CYP24A1 expression was subjected to knockdown via the use of small interfering RNA(siRNA).Subsequently,NF-κB pathway activation was determined by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay,and the transcriptional activity ofβ-catenin was determined by a dual-luciferase reporter assay.A mouse ulcerative colitis(UC)-associated carcinogenesis model was established,wherein TNF-αand the NF-κB pathway were blocked by anti-TNF-αmonoclonal antibody and NF-κB antisense oligonucleotides,respectively.Then the tumor size and protein level of CYP24A1 were determined.Results IL-6 and TNF-αupregulated CYP24A1 expression and activated the NF-κB pathway in colon cancer cells.PDTC significantly inhibited this increase in CYP24A1 expression.Additionally,knockdown of CYP24A1 expression by siRNA could partially antagonize Wnt pathway activation.Upregulated CYP24A1 expression was observed in the colonic epithelial cells of UC-associated carcinoma mouse models.Anti-TNF-αmonoclonal antibody and NF-κB antisense oligonucleotides decreased the tumor size and suppressed CYP24A1 expression.Conclusion Taken together,this study suggests that inflammatory factors may increase CYP24A1 expression via NF-κB pathway activation,which in turn stimulates Wnt signaling.展开更多
AIM To explore the ability of superb microvascular imaging(SMI) in differential diagnosis of focal liver lesions(FLLs) and to compare SMI morphology findings to those of color Doppler ultrasound and enhanced imaging.M...AIM To explore the ability of superb microvascular imaging(SMI) in differential diagnosis of focal liver lesions(FLLs) and to compare SMI morphology findings to those of color Doppler ultrasound and enhanced imaging.METHODS Twenty-four patients with 31 FLLs were included in our study,with diagnoses of hemangioma(HE)(n = 17),hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)(n = 5),metastatic lesions(n = 5),primary hepatic lymphoma(n = 1),focal nodular hyperplasia(FNH)(n = 2),and adenoma(n = 1). Nine lesions were pathologically diagnosed,and 22 lesions were radiologically confirmed,all of which were evaluated by at least two types of enhanced imaging techniques. All patients had undergone SMI. Patients were divided into subgroups based on pathological and radiological diagnoses to analyze SMI manifestations. We also compared the SMI manifestations of the most common malignant FLLs(HCCs and metastatic lesions) with those of the most common benign FLLs(HEs).RESULTS HEs were classified into three SMI subgroups: diffuse dot-like type(n = 6),strip rim type(n = 8),and nodular rim type(n = 3). The sizes of the three types of HEs were significantly different(P = 0.00,< 0.05). HCCs were classified into two subgroups: diffuse honeycomb type(n = 2) and non-specific type(n = 3). Four of the metastatic lesions were the strip rim type,and the other metastatic lesion was the thick rim type,which is the same as that of lymphoma. FNH was described as a spoke-wheel type,and adenoma as a diffuse honeycomb type. The SMI types of HCCs and metastatic lesions were significantly different from those of HEs(P = 0.048,< 0.05).CONCLUSION SMI technology enables microvascular evaluation of FLLs without using any contrast agent. For HEs,lesion size may affect SMI performance. SMI is able to provide useful information for differential diagnosis of HCCs and metastatic lesions from HEs.展开更多
Amolops chunganensis is a species complex and reported widely from eastern,southern,and southwestern China.Based on molecular data of 19 populations of A.chunganensis sensu lato from China,including the population fro...Amolops chunganensis is a species complex and reported widely from eastern,southern,and southwestern China.Based on molecular data of 19 populations of A.chunganensis sensu lato from China,including the population from Mt.Wuyi(type locality),we recognize A.chunganensis sensu stricto and provide an expanded description based on the topotypic specimens.Combining morphological and molecular data,we describe a new species,Amolops chaochin sp.nov.,from southwestern China,which was previously identified as A.chunganensis.The new species is distinguished from all other species in the A.monticola group by:(1)moderate body size,SVL 35.3-39.2 mm in males(n=7),and 50.5-54.4 mm in females(n=7);(2)distinct tympanum,larger than half of eye diameter;(3)small tooth-like projection on anteromedial edge of mandible;(4)circummarginal groove on all fingers;(5)white tubercles on dorsal side of posterior body in both sexes;(6)distinct tubercles on dorsal thigh and white spinose tubercles on dorsal tibia in both sexes;(7)white tubercles on posterior region of tympanum in males;(8)toe webbing reaching disk by dermal fringe on inner side of toe II;(9)vomerine teeth present;(10)transverse bands on dorsal limbs;(11)external vocal sacs present in males.We further reviewed the assignment of Amolops groups,with an overall revision of membership and diagnosis of all species groups.展开更多
BACKGROUND Giant simple hepatic cysts causing intrahepatic duct dilatation and obstructive jaundice are uncommon.A variety of measures with different clinical efficacies and invasiveness have been developed.Nonsurgica...BACKGROUND Giant simple hepatic cysts causing intrahepatic duct dilatation and obstructive jaundice are uncommon.A variety of measures with different clinical efficacies and invasiveness have been developed.Nonsurgical management,such as percutaneous aspiration and sclerotherapy,is often applied.CASE SUMMARY The case is a 39-year-old female with a 5-mo history of cutaneous and scleral icterus,loss of appetite,and dark urine.Lab tests showed jaundice and liver function abnormalities.Imaging revealed a giant simple hepatic cyst obstructing the intrahepatic bile ducts.A combination of percutaneous catheter aspiration and lauromacrogol sclerotherapy was successfully performed and the effects were satisfactory with the size of cyst decreasing from 13.7 cm×13.1 cm to 3.0 cm×3.0 cm.Further literature review presented the challenges of managing giant simple hepatic cysts that cause obstructive jaundice and compared the safety and efficacy of a combination of percutaneous aspiration and lauromacrogol sclerotherapy with other management strategies.CONCLUSION Giant simple hepatic cysts can cause obstructive jaundice,and a combination of percutaneous catheter aspiration and sclerotherapy with lauromacrogol are suggested to treat such cases.展开更多
In order to facilitate herpetological research for all the herpetologists both in and outside of China, we will report all the type specimens of amphibia and reptilia deposited in the Herpetological Museum of Chengdu ...In order to facilitate herpetological research for all the herpetologists both in and outside of China, we will report all the type specimens of amphibia and reptilia deposited in the Herpetological Museum of Chengdu Institute of Biology(CIB), Chinese Academy of Sciences in series. This report focuses on the family Rhacophoridae of Anura in Amphibia, including 13 species. The contents of the report include synonym lists and generic transfer of type species, measurements of type specimens, particularly for those with no previously published measurement data, and chromosomal data for each species.展开更多
We use the Richardson-Lucy deconvolution algorithm to extract one-dimensional(1 D) spectra from Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope(LAMOST) spectrum images. Compared with other deconvolution algo...We use the Richardson-Lucy deconvolution algorithm to extract one-dimensional(1 D) spectra from Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope(LAMOST) spectrum images. Compared with other deconvolution algorithms, this algorithm is much faster. The application on a real LAMOST image illustrates that the 1 D spectrum resulting from this method has a higher signal-to-noise ratio and resolution than those extracted by the LAMOST pipeline. Furthermore, our algorithm can effectively suppress the ringings that are often present in the 1 D resulting spectra generated by other deconvolution methods.展开更多
Macrophages play an essential role in the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI),and the macrophage shifting from M1 to M2 phenotypes might be a potential strategy for the treatment of MIRI.It has been reported ...Macrophages play an essential role in the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI),and the macrophage shifting from M1 to M2 phenotypes might be a potential strategy for the treatment of MIRI.It has been reported that miR-182 plays an important role in MSC-Exo-associated macrophage polarization.As circBCRC-3 is a newly discovered circle RNA that worked as a sponge of miR-182,this research aimed to find if circBCRC-3 plays a role in MSC-Exo-associated macrophage polarization.Firstly,circBCRC-3 was identified by divergent primers in mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).Secondly,the exosome of MSCs was isolated and identified by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),nanoparticle-tracking analysis,and western blotting analysis.The expression level of circBCRC-3 in MSCexos was detected by RT-PCR.Finally,the polarization of the RAW264.7 cell phenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry.Moreover,we first identified circBCRC-3 in MSCs.The results further confirmed that MSCexo could effectively shift the macrophage polarization state from M1 towards the M2 phenotype,which indicated its role in MIRI cure.展开更多
The frog family Rhacophoridae recently underwent notable reorganization and taxonomic rearrangement. Several new genera were erected to reflect evolutionary history, including Ghatixalus, Gracixalus, Feihyla, Liuixalu...The frog family Rhacophoridae recently underwent notable reorganization and taxonomic rearrangement. Several new genera were erected to reflect evolutionary history, including Ghatixalus, Gracixalus, Feihyla, Liuixalus and Raorchestes. Herein, we reviewed the systematics and phylogeny of the rhacophorids, the definition of the family Rhacophoridae and its tribes, and the taxonomic history and diagnoses of the genera of this family. Also, we suggest future directions for research.展开更多
Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)-based therapies have emerged as promising methods for regenerative medicine;however,how to precisely enhance their tissue repair effects is still a major question in the field.Circulating ex...Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)-based therapies have emerged as promising methods for regenerative medicine;however,how to precisely enhance their tissue repair effects is still a major question in the field.Circulating extracellular vesicles(EVs)from diseased states carry diverse pathological information and affect the functions of recipient cells.Based on this unique property,we report that disease-derived circulating EV(disease-EV)preconditioning is a potent strategy for precisely enhancing the tissue repair potency of MSCs in diverse disease models.Briefly,plasma EVs from lung or kidney tissue injuries were shown to contain distinctly enriched molecules and were shown to induce tissue injury-specific gene expression responses in cultured MSCs.Disease-EV preconditioning improved the performance(including proliferation,migration,and growth factor production)of MSCs through metabolic reprogramming(such as via enhanced oxidative phosphorylation and lipid metabolism)without inducing an adverse immune response.Consequently,compared with normal MSCs,disease-EV-preconditioned MSCs exhibited superior tissue repair effects(including anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects)in diverse types of tissue injury(such as acute lung or kidney injury).Disease-derived EVs may serve as a type of“off-the-shelf”product due to multiple advantages,such as flexibility,stability,long-term storage,and ease of shipment and use.This study highlights the idea that disease-EV preconditioning is a robust strategy for precisely enhancing the regenerative capacity of MSC-based therapies.展开更多
Aberrant changes in the gut microbiota are implicated in many diseases,including inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Gut microbes produce diverse metabolites that can shape the immune system and impact the intestinal barr...Aberrant changes in the gut microbiota are implicated in many diseases,including inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Gut microbes produce diverse metabolites that can shape the immune system and impact the intestinal barrier integrity,indicating that microbe-mediated modulation may be a promising strategy for preventing and treating IBD.Although fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotic supplementation are well-established IBD therapies,novel chemical agents that are safe and exert strong effects on the gut microbiota are urgently needed.Herein,we report the total synthesis of heudelotinone and the discovery of 5S-heudelotinone(an enantiomer)as a potent agent against experimental colitis that acts by modulating the gut microbiota.5S-Heudelotinone alters the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota and increases the concentration of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs);thus,it regulates the intestinal immune system by reducing proinflammatory immune cell numbers,and maintains intestinal mucosal integrity by modulating tight junctions(TJs).Moreover,5S-heudelotinone(2)ameliorates colitis-associated colorectal cancer(CAC)in an azoxymethane(AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced in situ carcinoma model.Together,these findings reveal the potential of a novel natural product,namely,5S-heudelotinone,to control intestinal inflammation and highlight that this product is a safe and effective candidate for the treatment of IBD and CAC.展开更多
Introduction Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)is widely used to evaluate focal hepatic lesions and can be used in patients with renal dysfunction or allergies to iodinated contrast medium.However,the number of studie...Introduction Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)is widely used to evaluate focal hepatic lesions and can be used in patients with renal dysfunction or allergies to iodinated contrast medium.However,the number of studies on CEUS for evaluating hepatic vascular malformations(VMs)is limited,especially regarding its application in routine practice.Some patients who present with suspected focal hepatic lesions have hepatic VMs.The timely and non-invasive diagnosis of hepatic VMs can help guide appropriate treatment,such as interventional therapy or follow-up,to prevent the unnecessary waste of medical resources.This study aimed to discuss the CEUS features of non-tumorous hepatic VMs that can be used in clinical practice.Various hepatic VM diagnoses can be made depending on the different manifestations of hepatic VMs and enhancement of the liver parenchyma during CEUS.展开更多
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(82405429)The Medical and Health Science and Technology Program of Hangzhou(ZD20250272)+1 种基金Key Discipline of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zhejiang Province(2024-XK-57)The Construction Fund of Key Medical Discipline of Hangzhou(2025HZZD16).
文摘Sarcopenia,a progressive and systemic skeletal muscle disorder marked by the accelerated deterioration of both muscle function and mass,is highly prevalent among the elderly population,significantly contributing to an elevated risk of adverse outcomes,including falls,fractures,and muscle weakness.Clinical investigations have identified a strong correlation between sarcopenia and several prevalent degenerative skeletal muscle disorders.This correlation is attributed to imbalances in joint mechanics resulting from localized muscle atrophy and the influence of musculoskeletal secretory factors.In this review,we discuss the broader implications of sarcopenia and critically evaluate the currently established assessment methods.Furthermore,the clinical significance of prevalent musculoskeletal disorders(including osteoporosis,osteoarthritis,and spinal pathologies)in relation to sarcopenia,alongside the underlying mechanisms influencing this relationship,is summarized.Additionally,the effects of sarcopenia on the therapeutic efficacy of medications and surgical interventions for musculoskeletal conditions are reviewed.Sarcopenia is intricately linked to the onset,progression,and prognosis of musculoskeletal disorders.Future research should prioritize elucidating the potential mechanisms that connect muscle loss with skeletal muscle diseases,and investigating whether mitigating sarcopenia symptoms could decelerate the progression of these disorders,thereby paving new pathways for therapeutic interventions.
基金supported by the National Basic Program of China (2011CB711000 and 2012CB947600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31171119, 31171010, 31171049, 31121061, 31271164)Open Fund from Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences & Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University (2013KF1501)
文摘The circadian clock and sleep are essential for human physiology and behavior; deregulation of circadian rhythms impairs health and performance. Circadian clocks and sleep evolved to adapt to Earth's environment, which is characterized by a 24-hour light–dark cycle. Changes in gravity load, lighting and work schedules during spaceflight missions can impact circadian clocks and disrupt sleep, in turn jeopardizing the mood, cognition and performance of orbiting astronauts. In this review, we summarize our understanding of both the influence of the space environment on the circadian timing system and sleep and the impact of these changes on astronaut physiology and performance.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81370500 and No.81770559)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.CIFMS2021-I2M-C&T-A-001 and No.2016-I2M-3-005)the CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine(No.CAMS-a12M 2016-I2M-1-007).
文摘Objective While the upregulation of cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1(CYP24A1)gene expression has been reported in colon cancer,its role in tumorigenesis remains largely unknown.In this study,we aimed to investigate the involvement of CYP24A1 in Wnt pathway regulation via the nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)pathway.Methods The human colon cancer cell lines HCT-116 and Caco-2 were subjected to stimulation with interleukin-6(IL-6)as well as tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),with subsequent treatment using the NF-κB pathway-specific inhibitor ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate(PDTC).Furthermore,CYP24A1 expression was subjected to knockdown via the use of small interfering RNA(siRNA).Subsequently,NF-κB pathway activation was determined by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay,and the transcriptional activity ofβ-catenin was determined by a dual-luciferase reporter assay.A mouse ulcerative colitis(UC)-associated carcinogenesis model was established,wherein TNF-αand the NF-κB pathway were blocked by anti-TNF-αmonoclonal antibody and NF-κB antisense oligonucleotides,respectively.Then the tumor size and protein level of CYP24A1 were determined.Results IL-6 and TNF-αupregulated CYP24A1 expression and activated the NF-κB pathway in colon cancer cells.PDTC significantly inhibited this increase in CYP24A1 expression.Additionally,knockdown of CYP24A1 expression by siRNA could partially antagonize Wnt pathway activation.Upregulated CYP24A1 expression was observed in the colonic epithelial cells of UC-associated carcinoma mouse models.Anti-TNF-αmonoclonal antibody and NF-κB antisense oligonucleotides decreased the tumor size and suppressed CYP24A1 expression.Conclusion Taken together,this study suggests that inflammatory factors may increase CYP24A1 expression via NF-κB pathway activation,which in turn stimulates Wnt signaling.
文摘AIM To explore the ability of superb microvascular imaging(SMI) in differential diagnosis of focal liver lesions(FLLs) and to compare SMI morphology findings to those of color Doppler ultrasound and enhanced imaging.METHODS Twenty-four patients with 31 FLLs were included in our study,with diagnoses of hemangioma(HE)(n = 17),hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)(n = 5),metastatic lesions(n = 5),primary hepatic lymphoma(n = 1),focal nodular hyperplasia(FNH)(n = 2),and adenoma(n = 1). Nine lesions were pathologically diagnosed,and 22 lesions were radiologically confirmed,all of which were evaluated by at least two types of enhanced imaging techniques. All patients had undergone SMI. Patients were divided into subgroups based on pathological and radiological diagnoses to analyze SMI manifestations. We also compared the SMI manifestations of the most common malignant FLLs(HCCs and metastatic lesions) with those of the most common benign FLLs(HEs).RESULTS HEs were classified into three SMI subgroups: diffuse dot-like type(n = 6),strip rim type(n = 8),and nodular rim type(n = 3). The sizes of the three types of HEs were significantly different(P = 0.00,< 0.05). HCCs were classified into two subgroups: diffuse honeycomb type(n = 2) and non-specific type(n = 3). Four of the metastatic lesions were the strip rim type,and the other metastatic lesion was the thick rim type,which is the same as that of lymphoma. FNH was described as a spoke-wheel type,and adenoma as a diffuse honeycomb type. The SMI types of HCCs and metastatic lesions were significantly different from those of HEs(P = 0.048,< 0.05).CONCLUSION SMI technology enables microvascular evaluation of FLLs without using any contrast agent. For HEs,lesion size may affect SMI performance. SMI is able to provide useful information for differential diagnosis of HCCs and metastatic lesions from HEs.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)(2019QZKK0501)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772434)+5 种基金Biodiversity Surveys of Chengdu-Amphibians and Reptiles-2019(CDGYCS2019-SW08)from Chengdu Municipal Park City Construction and Management BureauKey Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(QYZDB-SSW-SMC058)CAS“Light of West China”Program(2018XBZG_JCTD_001)Biological Resources Programme,Chinese Academy of Sciences(KFJ-BRP-017-14,KFJBRP-017-65)International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(151751KYSB20190024)Outstanding Young Scientific and Technological Talents of Sichuan Province(2021JDJQ0002)。
文摘Amolops chunganensis is a species complex and reported widely from eastern,southern,and southwestern China.Based on molecular data of 19 populations of A.chunganensis sensu lato from China,including the population from Mt.Wuyi(type locality),we recognize A.chunganensis sensu stricto and provide an expanded description based on the topotypic specimens.Combining morphological and molecular data,we describe a new species,Amolops chaochin sp.nov.,from southwestern China,which was previously identified as A.chunganensis.The new species is distinguished from all other species in the A.monticola group by:(1)moderate body size,SVL 35.3-39.2 mm in males(n=7),and 50.5-54.4 mm in females(n=7);(2)distinct tympanum,larger than half of eye diameter;(3)small tooth-like projection on anteromedial edge of mandible;(4)circummarginal groove on all fingers;(5)white tubercles on dorsal side of posterior body in both sexes;(6)distinct tubercles on dorsal thigh and white spinose tubercles on dorsal tibia in both sexes;(7)white tubercles on posterior region of tympanum in males;(8)toe webbing reaching disk by dermal fringe on inner side of toe II;(9)vomerine teeth present;(10)transverse bands on dorsal limbs;(11)external vocal sacs present in males.We further reviewed the assignment of Amolops groups,with an overall revision of membership and diagnosis of all species groups.
基金the Peking Union Medical College Education Reform Program,No. 2019zlgc0116the 13th Five-Year Plan for National Key R&D Program of China,No. 2018YFC1705402+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 81770559 and No. 81370500Medical and Health Technology Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,No. 2020-I2M-2-013
文摘BACKGROUND Giant simple hepatic cysts causing intrahepatic duct dilatation and obstructive jaundice are uncommon.A variety of measures with different clinical efficacies and invasiveness have been developed.Nonsurgical management,such as percutaneous aspiration and sclerotherapy,is often applied.CASE SUMMARY The case is a 39-year-old female with a 5-mo history of cutaneous and scleral icterus,loss of appetite,and dark urine.Lab tests showed jaundice and liver function abnormalities.Imaging revealed a giant simple hepatic cyst obstructing the intrahepatic bile ducts.A combination of percutaneous catheter aspiration and lauromacrogol sclerotherapy was successfully performed and the effects were satisfactory with the size of cyst decreasing from 13.7 cm×13.1 cm to 3.0 cm×3.0 cm.Further literature review presented the challenges of managing giant simple hepatic cysts that cause obstructive jaundice and compared the safety and efficacy of a combination of percutaneous aspiration and lauromacrogol sclerotherapy with other management strategies.CONCLUSION Giant simple hepatic cysts can cause obstructive jaundice,and a combination of percutaneous catheter aspiration and sclerotherapy with lauromacrogol are suggested to treat such cases.
基金supported by the Project of the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.20100471689)the‘Xibuzhiguang’Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y1C3011)+2 种基金the‘Lingyuqianyan’Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y1B3011)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31101618)the Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCX2-EW-Q-6 and KSCX2-EW-J-22)
文摘In order to facilitate herpetological research for all the herpetologists both in and outside of China, we will report all the type specimens of amphibia and reptilia deposited in the Herpetological Museum of Chengdu Institute of Biology(CIB), Chinese Academy of Sciences in series. This report focuses on the family Rhacophoridae of Anura in Amphibia, including 13 species. The contents of the report include synonym lists and generic transfer of type species, measurements of type specimens, particularly for those with no previously published measurement data, and chromosomal data for each species.
基金supported by the Joint Research Fund in Astronomy (U1531242) under cooperative agreement between the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)the NSFC (No. 11673036)+1 种基金the Interdiscipline Research Funds of Beijing Normal UniversityFunding for the project has been provided by the National Development and Reform Commission
文摘We use the Richardson-Lucy deconvolution algorithm to extract one-dimensional(1 D) spectra from Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope(LAMOST) spectrum images. Compared with other deconvolution algorithms, this algorithm is much faster. The application on a real LAMOST image illustrates that the 1 D spectrum resulting from this method has a higher signal-to-noise ratio and resolution than those extracted by the LAMOST pipeline. Furthermore, our algorithm can effectively suppress the ringings that are often present in the 1 D resulting spectra generated by other deconvolution methods.
文摘Macrophages play an essential role in the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI),and the macrophage shifting from M1 to M2 phenotypes might be a potential strategy for the treatment of MIRI.It has been reported that miR-182 plays an important role in MSC-Exo-associated macrophage polarization.As circBCRC-3 is a newly discovered circle RNA that worked as a sponge of miR-182,this research aimed to find if circBCRC-3 plays a role in MSC-Exo-associated macrophage polarization.Firstly,circBCRC-3 was identified by divergent primers in mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).Secondly,the exosome of MSCs was isolated and identified by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),nanoparticle-tracking analysis,and western blotting analysis.The expression level of circBCRC-3 in MSCexos was detected by RT-PCR.Finally,the polarization of the RAW264.7 cell phenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry.Moreover,we first identified circBCRC-3 in MSCs.The results further confirmed that MSCexo could effectively shift the macrophage polarization state from M1 towards the M2 phenotype,which indicated its role in MIRI cure.
基金supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (No. 20100471689)the ‘Xibuzhiguang’ Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the ‘Lingyuqianyan’ Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences to Jiatang LI+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30911120031, 31071894, 30670243)the Basic Research Program of the National Science and Technology of China (Grant Nos. 2006FY110500-3, 2008GA001)
文摘The frog family Rhacophoridae recently underwent notable reorganization and taxonomic rearrangement. Several new genera were erected to reflect evolutionary history, including Ghatixalus, Gracixalus, Feihyla, Liuixalus and Raorchestes. Herein, we reviewed the systematics and phylogeny of the rhacophorids, the definition of the family Rhacophoridae and its tribes, and the taxonomic history and diagnoses of the genera of this family. Also, we suggest future directions for research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071453,32271438,31871001 to Jingping Liu)the 1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence(ZYYC23001 to Jingping Liu,China),West China Hospital of Sichuan University.
文摘Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)-based therapies have emerged as promising methods for regenerative medicine;however,how to precisely enhance their tissue repair effects is still a major question in the field.Circulating extracellular vesicles(EVs)from diseased states carry diverse pathological information and affect the functions of recipient cells.Based on this unique property,we report that disease-derived circulating EV(disease-EV)preconditioning is a potent strategy for precisely enhancing the tissue repair potency of MSCs in diverse disease models.Briefly,plasma EVs from lung or kidney tissue injuries were shown to contain distinctly enriched molecules and were shown to induce tissue injury-specific gene expression responses in cultured MSCs.Disease-EV preconditioning improved the performance(including proliferation,migration,and growth factor production)of MSCs through metabolic reprogramming(such as via enhanced oxidative phosphorylation and lipid metabolism)without inducing an adverse immune response.Consequently,compared with normal MSCs,disease-EV-preconditioned MSCs exhibited superior tissue repair effects(including anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects)in diverse types of tissue injury(such as acute lung or kidney injury).Disease-derived EVs may serve as a type of“off-the-shelf”product due to multiple advantages,such as flexibility,stability,long-term storage,and ease of shipment and use.This study highlights the idea that disease-EV preconditioning is a robust strategy for precisely enhancing the regenerative capacity of MSC-based therapies.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82273794 to Yue Chen and 82073879 to Jing Li.)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(21JCYBJC00190 to Jing Li and 20JCYBJC01000 to Yue Chen)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(2021M701791).
文摘Aberrant changes in the gut microbiota are implicated in many diseases,including inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Gut microbes produce diverse metabolites that can shape the immune system and impact the intestinal barrier integrity,indicating that microbe-mediated modulation may be a promising strategy for preventing and treating IBD.Although fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotic supplementation are well-established IBD therapies,novel chemical agents that are safe and exert strong effects on the gut microbiota are urgently needed.Herein,we report the total synthesis of heudelotinone and the discovery of 5S-heudelotinone(an enantiomer)as a potent agent against experimental colitis that acts by modulating the gut microbiota.5S-Heudelotinone alters the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota and increases the concentration of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs);thus,it regulates the intestinal immune system by reducing proinflammatory immune cell numbers,and maintains intestinal mucosal integrity by modulating tight junctions(TJs).Moreover,5S-heudelotinone(2)ameliorates colitis-associated colorectal cancer(CAC)in an azoxymethane(AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced in situ carcinoma model.Together,these findings reveal the potential of a novel natural product,namely,5S-heudelotinone,to control intestinal inflammation and highlight that this product is a safe and effective candidate for the treatment of IBD and CAC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 81873902,82171968]the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)[grant number 2020-I2M-C&T-B-039]National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding[grant numbers 2022-PUMCH-D-001,2022-PUMCH-B-065].
文摘Introduction Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)is widely used to evaluate focal hepatic lesions and can be used in patients with renal dysfunction or allergies to iodinated contrast medium.However,the number of studies on CEUS for evaluating hepatic vascular malformations(VMs)is limited,especially regarding its application in routine practice.Some patients who present with suspected focal hepatic lesions have hepatic VMs.The timely and non-invasive diagnosis of hepatic VMs can help guide appropriate treatment,such as interventional therapy or follow-up,to prevent the unnecessary waste of medical resources.This study aimed to discuss the CEUS features of non-tumorous hepatic VMs that can be used in clinical practice.Various hepatic VM diagnoses can be made depending on the different manifestations of hepatic VMs and enhancement of the liver parenchyma during CEUS.
