Artificial intelligence(AI), owing to its substantial computing demands, necessitates computing hardware that offers both high speed and high power efficiency. A silicon photonic integrated circuit shows promise as a ...Artificial intelligence(AI), owing to its substantial computing demands, necessitates computing hardware that offers both high speed and high power efficiency. A silicon photonic integrated circuit shows promise as a hardware solution due to its attributes, including high power efficiency, low latency, large bandwidth, and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS) compatibility. Here, we propose a silicon photonic convolution accelerator(SiPh-CA) and experimentally realize a prototype with sub-integrated coherent transmit-receive optical sub-assemblies(sub-IC-TROSAs). The prototype, compared to a previous IC-TROSA-based convolution accelerator, achieves almost the same performances of 1.024 TOPS/channel and 96.22% inference accuracy when it processes neural networks for image recognition, using half the numbers of the modulators and the drivers with which over 1/3 chip footprint and 37.01% power consumption are reduced. By incorporating a broadcasting scheme based on splitters and combiners, the approach can efficiently process multiple convolutions in parallel,achieving several tera operations per second. This scalability feature allows the SiPh-CA to process complex AI and high-performance computing tasks.展开更多
Cutaneous fungal infections,particularly those caused by Candida albicans,pose significant clinical challenges due to high recurrence rates and rising antifungal resistance.Conventional therapies,including azoles and ...Cutaneous fungal infections,particularly those caused by Candida albicans,pose significant clinical challenges due to high recurrence rates and rising antifungal resistance.Conventional therapies,including azoles and polyenes,are limited by toxicity,resistance,and cost.This study addresses these limitations by developing a multifunctional hydrogel integrating lauric acid(LA)-a natural antifungal anionic surfactant-with the antioxidant plant polyphenol myricetin(Myr).The synergistic combination of LA and Myr disrupts fungal membrane integrity through lipid bilayer destabilization.To enhance therapeutic delivery,myricetin laurate ester was encapsulated in DSPE-PEG2000 micelles and embedded into a hydrogel matrix formed by crosslinking oxidized chondroitin sulfate and hydrazide-functionalized PEG.The resulting hydrogel demonstrated potent antifungal activity against C.albicans by disrupting cell membranes and alleviating oxidative stress in infected wounds.In vitro assays confirmed minimal cytotoxicity to mammalian cells,while in vivo studies in ICR mice showed accelerated healing of C.albicans-infected skin lesions.The hydrogel’s sustained release profile and biocom-patibility highlight its potential as a dual-action therapeutic platform,combining antifungal efficacy with anti-oxidant wound repair.This innovative strategy offers a promising solution to overcome drug resistance,reduce toxicity,and improve outcomes in managing cutaneous candidiasis and related dermatomycoses.展开更多
Postsurgical adhesion is a common clinic disease induced by surgical trauma,accompanying serious subsequent complications.Current non-surgical approaches of drugs treatment and biomaterial barrier administration only ...Postsurgical adhesion is a common clinic disease induced by surgical trauma,accompanying serious subsequent complications.Current non-surgical approaches of drugs treatment and biomaterial barrier administration only show limited prevention effects and couldn’t effectively promote peritoneum repair.Herein,inspired by bottlebrush,a novel self-fused,antifouling,and injectable hydrogel is fabricated by the free-radical polymerization in aqueous solution between the methacrylate hyaluronic acid(HA-GMA)and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide(HPMA)monomer without any chemical crosslinkers,termed as H-HPMA hydrogel.The H-HPMA hydrogel can be tuned to perform excellent self-fused properties and suitable abdominal metabolism time.Intriguingly,the introduction of the ultra-hydrophilic HPMA chains to the H-HPMA hydrogel affords an unprecedented antifouling capability.The HPMA chains establish a dense hydrated layer that rapidly prevents the postsurgical adhesions and recurrent adhesions after adhesiolysis in vivo.The H-HPMA hydrogel can repair the peritoneal wound of the rat model within 5 days.Furthermore,an underlying mechanism study reveals that the H-HPMA hydrogel significantly regulated the mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition(MMT)process dominated by the TGF-β-Smad2/3 signal pathway.Thus,we developed a simple,effective,and available approach to rapidly promote peritoneum regeneration and prevent peritoneal adhesion and adhesion recurrence after adhesiolysis,offering novel design ideas for developing biomaterials to prevent peritoneal adhesion.展开更多
Enhancer RNAs(eRNAs)are a class of non-coding RNA,which play a critical role in tumor progression.1 Previous studies have indicated abundant CpG methylation,somatic mutation,and copy number variation in eRNA regions i...Enhancer RNAs(eRNAs)are a class of non-coding RNA,which play a critical role in tumor progression.1 Previous studies have indicated abundant CpG methylation,somatic mutation,and copy number variation in eRNA regions in cancers.2,3 We constructed a landscape of genetic alteration-driven eRNAs and provided an integrative pipeline to identify drug candidates that affect eRNA activity.Furthermore,we explored the prognostic value of genetic alteration-driven eRNAs.展开更多
Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is an aggressive subtype characterized by extensive tumor heterogeneity,with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis.1 We used cell type annotation and trajectory analysis to ...Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is an aggressive subtype characterized by extensive tumor heterogeneity,with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis.1 We used cell type annotation and trajectory analysis to identify two distinct differentiation states of epithelial cells,while tumor cells predominantly resided on one of these branches.Inferring the malignant state of epithelial cells based on copy number variation,280 tumor cells were eventually identified from epithelial cells.Differential genes between tumor cells and non-tumor cells were mainly enriched in immune-related functions and pathways.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20454, 62235017, U23A20356)。
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI), owing to its substantial computing demands, necessitates computing hardware that offers both high speed and high power efficiency. A silicon photonic integrated circuit shows promise as a hardware solution due to its attributes, including high power efficiency, low latency, large bandwidth, and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS) compatibility. Here, we propose a silicon photonic convolution accelerator(SiPh-CA) and experimentally realize a prototype with sub-integrated coherent transmit-receive optical sub-assemblies(sub-IC-TROSAs). The prototype, compared to a previous IC-TROSA-based convolution accelerator, achieves almost the same performances of 1.024 TOPS/channel and 96.22% inference accuracy when it processes neural networks for image recognition, using half the numbers of the modulators and the drivers with which over 1/3 chip footprint and 37.01% power consumption are reduced. By incorporating a broadcasting scheme based on splitters and combiners, the approach can efficiently process multiple convolutions in parallel,achieving several tera operations per second. This scalability feature allows the SiPh-CA to process complex AI and high-performance computing tasks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32171336)The Open Funds for Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases No.2023-KFZD-1+6 种基金Project of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(SZY-KJCYC-2025-JC-002)Key Project of Shaanxi Science and Technology Department,2024SF2-GJHX-02Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(ProgramNo.2024SF-YBXM-291)The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy(MOE)Grant(No.YXX2024-KF02-08)The Open Funds of Yunnan Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation,No.202449CE340016Yunnan Yunke Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory Co.Ltd(YKKF2023004)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.LHDMY24H300002.
文摘Cutaneous fungal infections,particularly those caused by Candida albicans,pose significant clinical challenges due to high recurrence rates and rising antifungal resistance.Conventional therapies,including azoles and polyenes,are limited by toxicity,resistance,and cost.This study addresses these limitations by developing a multifunctional hydrogel integrating lauric acid(LA)-a natural antifungal anionic surfactant-with the antioxidant plant polyphenol myricetin(Myr).The synergistic combination of LA and Myr disrupts fungal membrane integrity through lipid bilayer destabilization.To enhance therapeutic delivery,myricetin laurate ester was encapsulated in DSPE-PEG2000 micelles and embedded into a hydrogel matrix formed by crosslinking oxidized chondroitin sulfate and hydrazide-functionalized PEG.The resulting hydrogel demonstrated potent antifungal activity against C.albicans by disrupting cell membranes and alleviating oxidative stress in infected wounds.In vitro assays confirmed minimal cytotoxicity to mammalian cells,while in vivo studies in ICR mice showed accelerated healing of C.albicans-infected skin lesions.The hydrogel’s sustained release profile and biocom-patibility highlight its potential as a dual-action therapeutic platform,combining antifungal efficacy with anti-oxidant wound repair.This innovative strategy offers a promising solution to overcome drug resistance,reduce toxicity,and improve outcomes in managing cutaneous candidiasis and related dermatomycoses.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81773686,32171336)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Grant Nos.2021 SF-108,2021 SF-308)。
文摘Postsurgical adhesion is a common clinic disease induced by surgical trauma,accompanying serious subsequent complications.Current non-surgical approaches of drugs treatment and biomaterial barrier administration only show limited prevention effects and couldn’t effectively promote peritoneum repair.Herein,inspired by bottlebrush,a novel self-fused,antifouling,and injectable hydrogel is fabricated by the free-radical polymerization in aqueous solution between the methacrylate hyaluronic acid(HA-GMA)and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide(HPMA)monomer without any chemical crosslinkers,termed as H-HPMA hydrogel.The H-HPMA hydrogel can be tuned to perform excellent self-fused properties and suitable abdominal metabolism time.Intriguingly,the introduction of the ultra-hydrophilic HPMA chains to the H-HPMA hydrogel affords an unprecedented antifouling capability.The HPMA chains establish a dense hydrated layer that rapidly prevents the postsurgical adhesions and recurrent adhesions after adhesiolysis in vivo.The H-HPMA hydrogel can repair the peritoneal wound of the rat model within 5 days.Furthermore,an underlying mechanism study reveals that the H-HPMA hydrogel significantly regulated the mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition(MMT)process dominated by the TGF-β-Smad2/3 signal pathway.Thus,we developed a simple,effective,and available approach to rapidly promote peritoneum regeneration and prevent peritoneal adhesion and adhesion recurrence after adhesiolysis,offering novel design ideas for developing biomaterials to prevent peritoneal adhesion.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(China)(LH2023F012)University Excellent Youth Project of Provincial Scientific Research Institute(Heilongjiang,China)(CZKYF2022-1-C006)+1 种基金Outstanding Youth Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(China)(YQ2023F004)Program for Young Scholars with Creative Talents in Heilongjiang Province(China)(UNPYSCT-2020174).
文摘Enhancer RNAs(eRNAs)are a class of non-coding RNA,which play a critical role in tumor progression.1 Previous studies have indicated abundant CpG methylation,somatic mutation,and copy number variation in eRNA regions in cancers.2,3 We constructed a landscape of genetic alteration-driven eRNAs and provided an integrative pipeline to identify drug candidates that affect eRNA activity.Furthermore,we explored the prognostic value of genetic alteration-driven eRNAs.
基金supported by the University Nursing Program for Young Scholars with Creative Talents in Heilongjiang Province,China(No.UNPYSCT-2020174)Excellent Youth Project of Provincial Scientific Research Institute(Heilongjiang,China)(No.CZKYF2022-1-C006)the Hei Long Jiang Postdoctoral Special Foundation(China)(No.LBH-TZ1018).
文摘Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is an aggressive subtype characterized by extensive tumor heterogeneity,with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis.1 We used cell type annotation and trajectory analysis to identify two distinct differentiation states of epithelial cells,while tumor cells predominantly resided on one of these branches.Inferring the malignant state of epithelial cells based on copy number variation,280 tumor cells were eventually identified from epithelial cells.Differential genes between tumor cells and non-tumor cells were mainly enriched in immune-related functions and pathways.
