Surgical electrodes are frequently associated with disadvantages such as high surface adhesion and severe thermal damage to adjacent normal tissues,which threaten operation quality and patient safety.In this study,by ...Surgical electrodes are frequently associated with disadvantages such as high surface adhesion and severe thermal damage to adjacent normal tissues,which threaten operation quality and patient safety.In this study,by mimicking the micromorphology and bio-anti-adhesion of shark skin,we proposed a strategy that utilized nanoscale aluminium oxide(Al_(2)O_(3))films deposited on bioinspired shark skin(BSS)microstructures to design a composite surface(Al_(2)O_(3)@BSS)and integrated it into both flat sides of the surgical electrodes.Micro/nano-manufacturing of the Al_(2)O_(3)@BSS surface was sequentially accomplished using nanosecond laser texturing,atomic layer deposition,and low-temperature annealing,endowing it with excellent blood-repellent properties.Visualisation experiments revealed that the tensile stress gradient of the blood coagulum with increasing thickness under a thermal field prompted it to separate from the Al_(2)O_(3)@BSS surface,resulting in anti-adhesion.Furthermore,it was observed for the first time that Al_(2)O_(3) films could transiently excite discharge along a dielectric surface(DADS)to ablate tissues while suppressing Joule heat,thereby minimising thermal damage.A combination of ex vivo tissue and living mouse experiments demonstrated that the Al_(2)O_(3)@BSS electrodes exhibited optimal comprehensive performance in terms of anti-adhesion,damage minimisation,and drag reduction.In addition,the Al_(2)O_(3)@BSS electrodes possessed remarkable antibacterial efficacy against E.coli and S.aureus.The proposed strategy can meet the extreme application requirements of surgical electrodes to improve operation quality and offer valuable insights for future studies.展开更多
Red wine has a good potential for alleviating atherosclerosis,but the mechanisms related to hepatointestinal circulation remain to be elucidated.This study showed that administration of a high-polyphenol red wine(16 m...Red wine has a good potential for alleviating atherosclerosis,but the mechanisms related to hepatointestinal circulation remain to be elucidated.This study showed that administration of a high-polyphenol red wine(16 mL/(kg·day))for 16 weeks significantly reduced the atherosclerotic lesion in high-fat diet-fed ApoE^(-/-)mice.The total cholesterol(TC)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)levels of plasma were lowered by 11.54%and 18.98%.The pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α)levels were decreased by 27.59%and 31.92%.Red wine also reduced triglyceride(TG)level and lipid deposition in the liver,and increased the concentration of total bile acids(TBA).Untargeted metabolomics analysis indicated that red wine modulated the disorder of liver metabolism by regulating sphingolipid signaling pathway,sphingolipid metabolism,glycerophosphlipid metabolism,choline metabolism and bile secretion.16S rRNA sequencing revealed that red wine increased the abundance of Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium and reduced the abundance of Mucispirillum,Romboutsia,Lactobacillus,Bilophila and Blautia,along with the increased concentrations of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in feces.These findings indicated that red wine could exert anti-atherosclerotic effect by regulating gut microbiota,restoring SCFAs,alleviating liver metabolic disorders.展开更多
Learning hydrophobic phenomena from nature is always a promising approach to design the superhydrophobic surface.Purple orchid leaf which processes superhydrophobicity is an ideal plant model,and through mimicking its...Learning hydrophobic phenomena from nature is always a promising approach to design the superhydrophobic surface.Purple orchid leaf which processes superhydrophobicity is an ideal plant model,and through mimicking its structure,the surface with excellent hydrophobicity is able to be obtained.However,the unclear of the diversity in wettability during the different vegetation stages and the absence of its relation to the surface morphology limits the further enhancement of the inspired structure.Here,we analyze the wettability difference as the leaf grows from tender to mature and then to senescent.Combining with the variation of surface morphology and chemical composition,the well-developed micro-scale basic unit bumps with dense nano-scale waxy layer on the surface are proven to be responsible for the best hydrophobicity of the mature leaf.The presence of the undeveloped or damaged micro-nano hierarchical structure reduces the formation of air pockets at the interface,leading to the decrease of the wettability for leaves at other stages.Moreover,by fabricating artificial leaves,the nano-waxy layer is proved to be more effective than that of the micro-bumps on the surface wettability.The results of study are of a great significance for guiding the design and fabrication of plant-inspired bionic superhydrophobic surface.展开更多
Analyzing gene network structure is an important way to discover and understand some unknown relevant functions and regulatory mechanisms of organism at the molecular level. In this work, mutual information networks a...Analyzing gene network structure is an important way to discover and understand some unknown relevant functions and regulatory mechanisms of organism at the molecular level. In this work, mutual information networks and Boolean logic networks are constructed using the methods of reverse modeling based on gene expression profiles in lung tissues with and without cancer. The comparison of these network structures shows that average degree, the proportion of non-isolated nodes, average betweenness and average coreness can distinguish the networks corresponding to the lung tissues with and without cancer. According to the difference of degree, betweenness and coreness of each gene in these networks, nine structural key genes are obtained. Seven of them which are related to lung cancer are supported by literatures. The remaining two genes AKT1 and RBL may have important roles in the formation, development and metastasis of lung cancer. Furthermore, the contrast of these logic networks suggests that the distributions of logic types are obviously different. The structural differences can help us to understand the mechanism of formation and development of lung cancer.展开更多
The potentiostatic intermittent titration technique(PITT)is widely used to determine the diffusion coefficient of ions in electrode materials for rechargeable batteries such as lithium-ion or sodium-ion batteries,pred...The potentiostatic intermittent titration technique(PITT)is widely used to determine the diffusion coefficient of ions in electrode materials for rechargeable batteries such as lithium-ion or sodium-ion batteries,predicated on the assumption that the insertion/extraction of ions in the host materials is governed by diffusion.However,in practical scenarios,the electrochemical process might be dominated by interfacial reaction kinetics rather than diffusion.The present work derives analytical equations for electric current by considering the finite interfacial reaction kinetics and small overpotentials during PITT measurements and further studies the chemical stress field induced by the interfacial reaction-controlled ion insertion.The exchange current density(j_(0))can be ascertained using the analytical equation,which dictates the magnitude and decay rate of the electric current during a PITT process.The electric current decays more rapidly,and consequently,the lithium concentration reaches equilibrium faster for larger values of j_(0).The magnitude of the chemical stress is independent of j_(0) but depends on the overpotential.展开更多
For many years,oil and natural gas geochemistry has been key to hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation in offshore China.Onshore oil fields have been thoroughly explored and exploited and have now entered the later ...For many years,oil and natural gas geochemistry has been key to hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation in offshore China.Onshore oil fields have been thoroughly explored and exploited and have now entered the later stages of development.However,the oil and gas resources in the offshore basin of China are still abundant,and they have been relatively little explored,so they will be the main growth target for oil and gas production in the future.China has made many breakthroughs in offshore oil exploration in recent years.A large condensate fielddBozhong 19-6dhas been discovered in the Bozhong Depression.Its main source rock is associated with algal blooming in the third member of the Shahejie Formation.The Baodao 21-1 gas field in the Qiongdongnan Basin shows clear signs of receiving terrestrial organic matter from the Yacheng and Lingshui formations.The first ultra-deep water and ultra-shallow gas,found in the Lingshui 36-1 gas field in the Qiongdongnan Basin,has thermogenetic and biogenetic origins.Well WY-1 in the Weixinan Depression marked the initiation of offshore shale oil exploration.Its sweet interval consists of two stable oil shale beds developed at the base and the top of the second member of the Liushagang Formation.However,samples from offshore exploration are often severely contaminated,and the corresponding data can be seriously distorted,which yields fewer core and more cutting samples.Therefore,it is necessary to thoroughly screen test data and to apply decontamination treatment and data correction to contaminated samples.The success rate of offshore exploration usually relies on the accurate prediction of source kitchens.Reservoir geochemistry thus has great significance for the future,as source input geochemical information can be used to trace materials backwards,and source kitchens can be predicted,when geochemistry is combined with enrichment and development models of source rocks and geophysical data.展开更多
NIST(National Institute of Standards and Technology) statistical test recognized as the most authoritative is widely used in verifying the randomness of binary sequences. The Non-overlapping Template Matching Test as ...NIST(National Institute of Standards and Technology) statistical test recognized as the most authoritative is widely used in verifying the randomness of binary sequences. The Non-overlapping Template Matching Test as the 7 th test of the NIST Test Suit is remarkably time consuming and the slow performance is one of the major hurdles in the testing process. In this paper, we present an efficient bit-parallel matching algorithm and segmented scan-based strategy for execution on Graphics Processing Unit(GPU) using NVIDIA Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA). Experimental results show the significant performance improvement of the parallelized Non-overlapping Template Matching Test, the running speed is 483 times faster than the original NIST implementation without attenuating the test result accuracy.展开更多
MXene is a new type of layered two-dimensional transition metal carbide materials differing from graphene, demonstrating intriguing chemical/physical properties. Here the chemical modification of MXene and next fabric...MXene is a new type of layered two-dimensional transition metal carbide materials differing from graphene, demonstrating intriguing chemical/physical properties. Here the chemical modification of MXene and next fabrication of core-shell MXene-COOH@(PEI/PAA)_n composites have been investigated. The obtained MXene-based composites were treated with gold nanoparticles to form MXene—COOH@(PEI/PAA)_n@AuNPs nanocomposites, and their catalytic properties for nitro-compounds were studied. The prepared nanocomposites demonstrated good catalytic activity and reproducibility, showing potential applications in composite catalysts and environmental fields.展开更多
Emitting NH_(3)into the atmosphere leads to significant air pollution,while NH_(3)itself serves as an essential component for fertilizers and refrigerants in industry.Thus,recovering and reusing NH_(3)is highly valuab...Emitting NH_(3)into the atmosphere leads to significant air pollution,while NH_(3)itself serves as an essential component for fertilizers and refrigerants in industry.Thus,recovering and reusing NH_(3)is highly valuable.Ionic liquids(ILs)have shown great potential for NH_(3)capture,where the accurate prediction of solubility is a critical point for selecting ILs and designing a separation process.This work combined the Ionic Fragment Contribution(IFC)strategy with machine learning(ML)to develop four models(IFC-ML)to predict NH_(3)solubility in ILs.A dataset containing 785 solubility data points,covering 10 cations and 10 anions,was collected.From this dataset,the S1–S6 descriptors based on the IFC method were used as inputs for the ML models,together with temperature(T)and pressure(P).Among the models,the IFC-GBR model was recommended for predicting NH_(3)solubility in ILs due to its higher coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.9945 and lower mean squared error(MSE)of 0.0003 than the others.Additionally,in comparison with previous conductor-like screening model for real solvents(COSMO-RS)and extreme learning machine(ELM)methods,the IFC-GBR(gradient boosting regressor)method showed a more accurate prediction of the NH_(3)solubility in ILs over a wider range of temperatures and pressures,providing additional chemical insights into IL-NH_(3)system that cations played a more important role for NH_(3)solubility.These results highlighted the developed IFC-GBR model offered valuable insights for helping guide the process design of absorbing NH_(3)through IL-based technology.展开更多
Electrochemical lithiation/delithiation of electrodes induces chemical strain cycling that causes fatigue and other harmful influences on lithium-ion batteries.In this work,a homemade in situ measurement device was us...Electrochemical lithiation/delithiation of electrodes induces chemical strain cycling that causes fatigue and other harmful influences on lithium-ion batteries.In this work,a homemade in situ measurement device was used to characterize simultaneously chemical strain and nominal state of charge,especially residual chemical strain and residual nominal state of charge,in graphite-based electrodes at various temperatures.The measurements indicate that raising the testing temperature from 20℃ to 60℃ decreases the chemical strain at the same nominal state of charge during cycling,while residual chemical strain and residual nominal state of charge increase with the increase of temperature.Furthermore,a novel electrochemicalmechanical model is developed to evaluate quantitatively the chemical strain caused by a solid electrolyte interface(SEI)and the partial molar volume of Li in the SEI at different temperatures.The present study will definitely stimulate future investigations on the electro-chemo-mechanics coupling behaviors in lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
As one of the most promising next-generation energy storage devices,the lithium-metal battery has been extensively investigated.However,safety issues and undesired lithium dendrite growth hinder its development.The ap...As one of the most promising next-generation energy storage devices,the lithium-metal battery has been extensively investigated.However,safety issues and undesired lithium dendrite growth hinder its development.The application of solid-state electrolytes has attracted increasing attention as they can solve safety issues and show great potential to inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites.Polyethylene oxide(PEO)-based electrolytes are very promising due to their enhanced safety and excellent flexibility.However,they suffer from low ionic conductivity at room temperature and cannot effectively inhibit lithium dendrites at high temperatures due to the intrinsic semicrystalline properties and poor mechanical strength.In this work,a novel coral-like Li_(6.25)Al_(0.25)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12)(C-LALZO)is synthesized to serve as an active ceramic filler in PEO.The PEO with LALZO coral(PLC)exhibits increased ionic conductivity and mechanical strength,which leads to uniform deposition/stripping of lithium metal.The Li symmetric cells with PLC do not cause a short circuit after cycling for 1500 h at 60℃.The assembled LiFePO_(4)/PLC/Li batteries display excellent cycling stability at both 60 and 50℃.This work reveals that the electrochemical properties of the composite electrolyte can be effectively improved by tuning the microstructure of the filler,such as the C-LALZO architecture.展开更多
The exfoliation of bulk 2H-molybdenum disulfide(2H-MoS_(2))into few-layer nanosheets with 1T-phase and controlled layers represents a daunting challenge towards the device applications of MoS_(2).Conventional ion inte...The exfoliation of bulk 2H-molybdenum disulfide(2H-MoS_(2))into few-layer nanosheets with 1T-phase and controlled layers represents a daunting challenge towards the device applications of MoS_(2).Conventional ion intercalation assisted exfoliation needs the use of hazardous n-butyllithium and/or elaborate control of the intercalation potential to avoid the decomposition of the MoS_(2).This work reports a facile strategy by intercalating Li ions electrochemically with ether-based electrolyte into the van der Waals(vdW)channels of MoS_(2),which successfully avoids the decomposition of MoS_(2)at low potentials.The co-intercalation of Li+and the ether solvent into MoS_(2)makes a first-order phase transformation,forming a superlattice phase,which preserves the layered structure and hence enables the exfoliation of bulk 2H-MoS_(2)into bilayer nanosheets with 1T-phase.Compared with the pristine 2H-MoS_(2),the bilayer 1T-MoS_(2)nanosheets exhibit better electrocatalytic performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).This facile method should be easily extended to the exfoliation of various transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs).展开更多
Electrochemical lithiation/delithiation of electrodes induces chemical strain cycling that causes fatigue and other harmful influences on lithium-ion batteries.In this work,a homemade in situ measurement device was us...Electrochemical lithiation/delithiation of electrodes induces chemical strain cycling that causes fatigue and other harmful influences on lithium-ion batteries.In this work,a homemade in situ measurement device was used to characterize simultaneously chemical strain and nominal state of charge,especially residual chemical strain and residual nominal state of charge,in graphite-based electrodes at various temperatures.The measurements indicate that raising the testing temperature from 20℃ to 60℃ decreases the chemical strain at the same nominal state of charge during cycling,while residual chemical strain and residual nominal state of charge increase with the increase of temperature.Furthermore,a novel electrochemicalmechanical model is developed to evaluate quantitatively the chemical strain caused by a solid electrolyte interface(SEI)and the partial molar volume of Li in the SEI at different temperatures.The present study will definitely stimulate future investigations on the electro-chemo-mechanics coupling behaviors in lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts face a major challenge in the practical implementation of acidic water electrolysis for hydrogen production,primarily due to limitations in catalytic activity and stability.Desp...Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts face a major challenge in the practical implementation of acidic water electrolysis for hydrogen production,primarily due to limitations in catalytic activity and stability.Despite extensive research,the development of acidic OER catalysts still relies largely on trial-and-error experimentation rather than AI-driven,target-oriented approaches.In this work,we address these limitations by introducing a spatial-adaptive active learning strategy integrated with closed-loop experimentation for targeted catalyst optimization in two stages.In the first stage,Bayesian optimization identifies highly active catalysts and a conditional variational autoencoder generates an adaptive low-overpotential subspace of stability candidates,while the second stage active learning finds the most stable catalyst within this subspace.Using this strategy,we discover a novel Cu-RuO_(2)catalyst that exhibits remarkable stability for 625 h and an overpotential of 177 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^(−2).We provide detailed characterization and mechanistic insights into the newly discovered catalyst.Our study presents a transformative method for accelerating the design of stable acidic OER catalysts,thereby advancing the feasibility of large-scale green hydrogen production via acidic water electrolysis.展开更多
Seawater electrolysis has been explored as a viable and sustainable method for green hydrogen production in regions characterized by freshwater scarcity but abundant renewable energy resources.However,the high concent...Seawater electrolysis has been explored as a viable and sustainable method for green hydrogen production in regions characterized by freshwater scarcity but abundant renewable energy resources.However,the high concentration of chlorine ions(Cl^(-))in seawater leads to severe corrosion of metallic electrodes,which significantly challenges the stability of electrode catalysts in seawater electrolysis.Owing to the Cl^(-)corrosion and the competitive oxygen/chlorine evolution reactions,the design of durable and active anode catalysts is key to achieving practical seawater electrolysis.To address this challenge,this review systematically analyzes the chlorine-induced corrosion mechanisms of anode catalysts,evaluates various anticorrosion strategies,and explores future prospects for enhancing anode durability.Three mainstream anticorrosion strategies are summarized and assessed for their effectiveness in mitigating the chlorineinduced damage to anode catalysts:the physical surface coatings,electrostatic repulsion,and Cl^(-)adsorption regulation.In addition,some emerging strategies are further introduced to highlight the future trends of state-of-the-art techniques for seawater electrolysis.This review aims to provide novel insights and practical guidance for developing more stable and efficient anode catalysts for hydrogen production via seawater electrolvsis.展开更多
MXene, a new type of two-dimensional layered transition metal carbide material differing from graphene, demonstrates intriguing chemical/physical properties and wide applications in recent years. Here, the preparation...MXene, a new type of two-dimensional layered transition metal carbide material differing from graphene, demonstrates intriguing chemical/physical properties and wide applications in recent years. Here, the preparation of the self-assembled MXene-gold nanoparticles (MXene@AuNPs) nanocomposites with tunable sizes is reported. The nano- composites are obtained via the self-reduction reactions of MXene material in a HAuCI4 solution at room temperature. The sizes of the Au particles can be well-controlled by reg- ulating the self-reduction reaction time. They can greatly in- fluence the catalytic behaviors of the MXene@AuNPs composites. MXene@AuNPs composites with optimized re- duction time show high catalytic performances and good cycle stability for model catalytic reactions of nRro-compounds, such as 2-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol. This work demon- strates a new approach for the preparation of tunable MXene- based self-assembled composites.展开更多
The Furongian Series of the Cambrian in the Tarim Craton(NW China)is mainly composed of crystalline dolostones,and is an important target for oil and gas exploration.The chronostratigraphic framework of the Furongian ...The Furongian Series of the Cambrian in the Tarim Craton(NW China)is mainly composed of crystalline dolostones,and is an important target for oil and gas exploration.The chronostratigraphic framework of the Furongian Series in the Tarim Craton has not yet been established due to the scarcity of fossils and the absence of the Steptoean Positive Carbon Isotope Excursion(SPICE),which is the primary global carbon isotope excursion of the Furongian Series.In this study,the SPICE was discovered by examining the carbon isotopes of the representative drilling wells in the West Platform and East Basin.A positive carbon isotope anomaly withδ13C values ranging from 1.5‰to 1.9‰(PDB),were found in the middle of the Xiaqiulitag Formation of the three drilling wells in the West Platform,and a positive excursion withδ13C values up to 4.0‰(PDB),which is correlated with the SPICE,was found in the lower limestone of the Tuershaketag Formation in the East Basin.Based on the carbon isotopic data and chemostratigraphic correlation,the chronostratigraphic framework of the Furongian Series across different facies in the Tarim Craton is preliminarily established.The basal boundary of the Furongian Series was preliminarily defined by the occurrence of the SPICE.Aweak positive anomaly ofδ13C was observed at the base of the Penglaiba Formation of the three boreholes in the West Platform and the top of the Tuershaketag Formation of Tadong-2 well.We propose that the positive anomaly of the carbon isotope above the weak negative anomaly at the base of the Penglaiba Formation and the top of the Tuershaketag Formation can be used to define the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary in the Tarim Craton.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52275425,52405473,and 52405472)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2024A1515010993)。
文摘Surgical electrodes are frequently associated with disadvantages such as high surface adhesion and severe thermal damage to adjacent normal tissues,which threaten operation quality and patient safety.In this study,by mimicking the micromorphology and bio-anti-adhesion of shark skin,we proposed a strategy that utilized nanoscale aluminium oxide(Al_(2)O_(3))films deposited on bioinspired shark skin(BSS)microstructures to design a composite surface(Al_(2)O_(3)@BSS)and integrated it into both flat sides of the surgical electrodes.Micro/nano-manufacturing of the Al_(2)O_(3)@BSS surface was sequentially accomplished using nanosecond laser texturing,atomic layer deposition,and low-temperature annealing,endowing it with excellent blood-repellent properties.Visualisation experiments revealed that the tensile stress gradient of the blood coagulum with increasing thickness under a thermal field prompted it to separate from the Al_(2)O_(3)@BSS surface,resulting in anti-adhesion.Furthermore,it was observed for the first time that Al_(2)O_(3) films could transiently excite discharge along a dielectric surface(DADS)to ablate tissues while suppressing Joule heat,thereby minimising thermal damage.A combination of ex vivo tissue and living mouse experiments demonstrated that the Al_(2)O_(3)@BSS electrodes exhibited optimal comprehensive performance in terms of anti-adhesion,damage minimisation,and drag reduction.In addition,the Al_(2)O_(3)@BSS electrodes possessed remarkable antibacterial efficacy against E.coli and S.aureus.The proposed strategy can meet the extreme application requirements of surgical electrodes to improve operation quality and offer valuable insights for future studies.
基金the research funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272294)。
文摘Red wine has a good potential for alleviating atherosclerosis,but the mechanisms related to hepatointestinal circulation remain to be elucidated.This study showed that administration of a high-polyphenol red wine(16 mL/(kg·day))for 16 weeks significantly reduced the atherosclerotic lesion in high-fat diet-fed ApoE^(-/-)mice.The total cholesterol(TC)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)levels of plasma were lowered by 11.54%and 18.98%.The pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α)levels were decreased by 27.59%and 31.92%.Red wine also reduced triglyceride(TG)level and lipid deposition in the liver,and increased the concentration of total bile acids(TBA).Untargeted metabolomics analysis indicated that red wine modulated the disorder of liver metabolism by regulating sphingolipid signaling pathway,sphingolipid metabolism,glycerophosphlipid metabolism,choline metabolism and bile secretion.16S rRNA sequencing revealed that red wine increased the abundance of Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium and reduced the abundance of Mucispirillum,Romboutsia,Lactobacillus,Bilophila and Blautia,along with the increased concentrations of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in feces.These findings indicated that red wine could exert anti-atherosclerotic effect by regulating gut microbiota,restoring SCFAs,alleviating liver metabolic disorders.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFB1711300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52275425)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.2021B1515020087).
文摘Learning hydrophobic phenomena from nature is always a promising approach to design the superhydrophobic surface.Purple orchid leaf which processes superhydrophobicity is an ideal plant model,and through mimicking its structure,the surface with excellent hydrophobicity is able to be obtained.However,the unclear of the diversity in wettability during the different vegetation stages and the absence of its relation to the surface morphology limits the further enhancement of the inspired structure.Here,we analyze the wettability difference as the leaf grows from tender to mature and then to senescent.Combining with the variation of surface morphology and chemical composition,the well-developed micro-scale basic unit bumps with dense nano-scale waxy layer on the surface are proven to be responsible for the best hydrophobicity of the mature leaf.The presence of the undeveloped or damaged micro-nano hierarchical structure reduces the formation of air pockets at the interface,leading to the decrease of the wettability for leaves at other stages.Moreover,by fabricating artificial leaves,the nano-waxy layer is proved to be more effective than that of the micro-bumps on the surface wettability.The results of study are of a great significance for guiding the design and fabrication of plant-inspired bionic superhydrophobic surface.
文摘Analyzing gene network structure is an important way to discover and understand some unknown relevant functions and regulatory mechanisms of organism at the molecular level. In this work, mutual information networks and Boolean logic networks are constructed using the methods of reverse modeling based on gene expression profiles in lung tissues with and without cancer. The comparison of these network structures shows that average degree, the proportion of non-isolated nodes, average betweenness and average coreness can distinguish the networks corresponding to the lung tissues with and without cancer. According to the difference of degree, betweenness and coreness of each gene in these networks, nine structural key genes are obtained. Seven of them which are related to lung cancer are supported by literatures. The remaining two genes AKT1 and RBL may have important roles in the formation, development and metastasis of lung cancer. Furthermore, the contrast of these logic networks suggests that the distributions of logic types are obviously different. The structural differences can help us to understand the mechanism of formation and development of lung cancer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12374003)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2024A1515030256)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant Nos.JCYJ20220531095208019 and GXWD20231129103124001).
文摘The potentiostatic intermittent titration technique(PITT)is widely used to determine the diffusion coefficient of ions in electrode materials for rechargeable batteries such as lithium-ion or sodium-ion batteries,predicated on the assumption that the insertion/extraction of ions in the host materials is governed by diffusion.However,in practical scenarios,the electrochemical process might be dominated by interfacial reaction kinetics rather than diffusion.The present work derives analytical equations for electric current by considering the finite interfacial reaction kinetics and small overpotentials during PITT measurements and further studies the chemical stress field induced by the interfacial reaction-controlled ion insertion.The exchange current density(j_(0))can be ascertained using the analytical equation,which dictates the magnitude and decay rate of the electric current during a PITT process.The electric current decays more rapidly,and consequently,the lithium concentration reaches equilibrium faster for larger values of j_(0).The magnitude of the chemical stress is independent of j_(0) but depends on the overpotential.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos:41472108,41872131,42302189).
文摘For many years,oil and natural gas geochemistry has been key to hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation in offshore China.Onshore oil fields have been thoroughly explored and exploited and have now entered the later stages of development.However,the oil and gas resources in the offshore basin of China are still abundant,and they have been relatively little explored,so they will be the main growth target for oil and gas production in the future.China has made many breakthroughs in offshore oil exploration in recent years.A large condensate fielddBozhong 19-6dhas been discovered in the Bozhong Depression.Its main source rock is associated with algal blooming in the third member of the Shahejie Formation.The Baodao 21-1 gas field in the Qiongdongnan Basin shows clear signs of receiving terrestrial organic matter from the Yacheng and Lingshui formations.The first ultra-deep water and ultra-shallow gas,found in the Lingshui 36-1 gas field in the Qiongdongnan Basin,has thermogenetic and biogenetic origins.Well WY-1 in the Weixinan Depression marked the initiation of offshore shale oil exploration.Its sweet interval consists of two stable oil shale beds developed at the base and the top of the second member of the Liushagang Formation.However,samples from offshore exploration are often severely contaminated,and the corresponding data can be seriously distorted,which yields fewer core and more cutting samples.Therefore,it is necessary to thoroughly screen test data and to apply decontamination treatment and data correction to contaminated samples.The success rate of offshore exploration usually relies on the accurate prediction of source kitchens.Reservoir geochemistry thus has great significance for the future,as source input geochemical information can be used to trace materials backwards,and source kitchens can be predicted,when geochemistry is combined with enrichment and development models of source rocks and geophysical data.
基金supported in part by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(Grant No.2017-key-2)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant No.201801D121145)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.61731014,61705157,61927811)the Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Entrepreneurial Teams。
文摘NIST(National Institute of Standards and Technology) statistical test recognized as the most authoritative is widely used in verifying the randomness of binary sequences. The Non-overlapping Template Matching Test as the 7 th test of the NIST Test Suit is remarkably time consuming and the slow performance is one of the major hurdles in the testing process. In this paper, we present an efficient bit-parallel matching algorithm and segmented scan-based strategy for execution on Graphics Processing Unit(GPU) using NVIDIA Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA). Experimental results show the significant performance improvement of the parallelized Non-overlapping Template Matching Test, the running speed is 483 times faster than the original NIST implementation without attenuating the test result accuracy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21473153 and 51771162)Support Program for the Top Young Talents of Hebei Province,China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2015M580214)+1 种基金the Scientific and Technological Research and Development Program of Qinhuangdao City (No.201701B004)Undergraduate Training Programs for Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Yanshan University (No.CXXL2017227)
文摘MXene is a new type of layered two-dimensional transition metal carbide materials differing from graphene, demonstrating intriguing chemical/physical properties. Here the chemical modification of MXene and next fabrication of core-shell MXene-COOH@(PEI/PAA)_n composites have been investigated. The obtained MXene-based composites were treated with gold nanoparticles to form MXene—COOH@(PEI/PAA)_n@AuNPs nanocomposites, and their catalytic properties for nitro-compounds were studied. The prepared nanocomposites demonstrated good catalytic activity and reproducibility, showing potential applications in composite catalysts and environmental fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22122814)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2024SMECP01)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(2462022YJRC012,2462023YJRC007).
文摘Emitting NH_(3)into the atmosphere leads to significant air pollution,while NH_(3)itself serves as an essential component for fertilizers and refrigerants in industry.Thus,recovering and reusing NH_(3)is highly valuable.Ionic liquids(ILs)have shown great potential for NH_(3)capture,where the accurate prediction of solubility is a critical point for selecting ILs and designing a separation process.This work combined the Ionic Fragment Contribution(IFC)strategy with machine learning(ML)to develop four models(IFC-ML)to predict NH_(3)solubility in ILs.A dataset containing 785 solubility data points,covering 10 cations and 10 anions,was collected.From this dataset,the S1–S6 descriptors based on the IFC method were used as inputs for the ML models,together with temperature(T)and pressure(P).Among the models,the IFC-GBR model was recommended for predicting NH_(3)solubility in ILs due to its higher coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.9945 and lower mean squared error(MSE)of 0.0003 than the others.Additionally,in comparison with previous conductor-like screening model for real solvents(COSMO-RS)and extreme learning machine(ELM)methods,the IFC-GBR(gradient boosting regressor)method showed a more accurate prediction of the NH_(3)solubility in ILs over a wider range of temperatures and pressures,providing additional chemical insights into IL-NH_(3)system that cations played a more important role for NH_(3)solubility.These results highlighted the developed IFC-GBR model offered valuable insights for helping guide the process design of absorbing NH_(3)through IL-based technology.
基金supported by research grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFB0701604)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2020A1515110798)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.RCBS20200714114920129)S.Sun also acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11672168 and 12072179)for financial support.
文摘Electrochemical lithiation/delithiation of electrodes induces chemical strain cycling that causes fatigue and other harmful influences on lithium-ion batteries.In this work,a homemade in situ measurement device was used to characterize simultaneously chemical strain and nominal state of charge,especially residual chemical strain and residual nominal state of charge,in graphite-based electrodes at various temperatures.The measurements indicate that raising the testing temperature from 20℃ to 60℃ decreases the chemical strain at the same nominal state of charge during cycling,while residual chemical strain and residual nominal state of charge increase with the increase of temperature.Furthermore,a novel electrochemicalmechanical model is developed to evaluate quantitatively the chemical strain caused by a solid electrolyte interface(SEI)and the partial molar volume of Li in the SEI at different temperatures.The present study will definitely stimulate future investigations on the electro-chemo-mechanics coupling behaviors in lithium-ion batteries.
基金supported by the School Research Startup Expenses of Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)(DD29100027)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52002094)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M661276)Guangdong Basic and AppliedBasic Research Foundation(2019A1515110756)the High-level Talents Discipline Construction Fund of Shandong University(31370089963078)。
文摘As one of the most promising next-generation energy storage devices,the lithium-metal battery has been extensively investigated.However,safety issues and undesired lithium dendrite growth hinder its development.The application of solid-state electrolytes has attracted increasing attention as they can solve safety issues and show great potential to inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites.Polyethylene oxide(PEO)-based electrolytes are very promising due to their enhanced safety and excellent flexibility.However,they suffer from low ionic conductivity at room temperature and cannot effectively inhibit lithium dendrites at high temperatures due to the intrinsic semicrystalline properties and poor mechanical strength.In this work,a novel coral-like Li_(6.25)Al_(0.25)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12)(C-LALZO)is synthesized to serve as an active ceramic filler in PEO.The PEO with LALZO coral(PLC)exhibits increased ionic conductivity and mechanical strength,which leads to uniform deposition/stripping of lithium metal.The Li symmetric cells with PLC do not cause a short circuit after cycling for 1500 h at 60℃.The assembled LiFePO_(4)/PLC/Li batteries display excellent cycling stability at both 60 and 50℃.This work reveals that the electrochemical properties of the composite electrolyte can be effectively improved by tuning the microstructure of the filler,such as the C-LALZO architecture.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12374003)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2022A1515012349)+1 种基金the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Nos.RCBS20200714114920129 and JCYJ20220531095208019)the Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project(No.2023A03J0003).
文摘The exfoliation of bulk 2H-molybdenum disulfide(2H-MoS_(2))into few-layer nanosheets with 1T-phase and controlled layers represents a daunting challenge towards the device applications of MoS_(2).Conventional ion intercalation assisted exfoliation needs the use of hazardous n-butyllithium and/or elaborate control of the intercalation potential to avoid the decomposition of the MoS_(2).This work reports a facile strategy by intercalating Li ions electrochemically with ether-based electrolyte into the van der Waals(vdW)channels of MoS_(2),which successfully avoids the decomposition of MoS_(2)at low potentials.The co-intercalation of Li+and the ether solvent into MoS_(2)makes a first-order phase transformation,forming a superlattice phase,which preserves the layered structure and hence enables the exfoliation of bulk 2H-MoS_(2)into bilayer nanosheets with 1T-phase.Compared with the pristine 2H-MoS_(2),the bilayer 1T-MoS_(2)nanosheets exhibit better electrocatalytic performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).This facile method should be easily extended to the exfoliation of various transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs).
基金supported by research grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFB0701604)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2020A1515110798)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.RCBS20200714114920129)S.Sun also acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11672168 and 12072179)for financial support.
文摘Electrochemical lithiation/delithiation of electrodes induces chemical strain cycling that causes fatigue and other harmful influences on lithium-ion batteries.In this work,a homemade in situ measurement device was used to characterize simultaneously chemical strain and nominal state of charge,especially residual chemical strain and residual nominal state of charge,in graphite-based electrodes at various temperatures.The measurements indicate that raising the testing temperature from 20℃ to 60℃ decreases the chemical strain at the same nominal state of charge during cycling,while residual chemical strain and residual nominal state of charge increase with the increase of temperature.Furthermore,a novel electrochemicalmechanical model is developed to evaluate quantitatively the chemical strain caused by a solid electrolyte interface(SEI)and the partial molar volume of Li in the SEI at different temperatures.The present study will definitely stimulate future investigations on the electro-chemo-mechanics coupling behaviors in lithium-ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22502040 and 12374003)Shenzhen Basic Research Special Project(Natural Science Fund)Key Basic Research Project(JCYJ20241202123505008)+2 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20220531095208019 and GXWD20231129103124001)Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project(2023A03J0003)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515030256).
文摘Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts face a major challenge in the practical implementation of acidic water electrolysis for hydrogen production,primarily due to limitations in catalytic activity and stability.Despite extensive research,the development of acidic OER catalysts still relies largely on trial-and-error experimentation rather than AI-driven,target-oriented approaches.In this work,we address these limitations by introducing a spatial-adaptive active learning strategy integrated with closed-loop experimentation for targeted catalyst optimization in two stages.In the first stage,Bayesian optimization identifies highly active catalysts and a conditional variational autoencoder generates an adaptive low-overpotential subspace of stability candidates,while the second stage active learning finds the most stable catalyst within this subspace.Using this strategy,we discover a novel Cu-RuO_(2)catalyst that exhibits remarkable stability for 625 h and an overpotential of 177 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^(−2).We provide detailed characterization and mechanistic insights into the newly discovered catalyst.Our study presents a transformative method for accelerating the design of stable acidic OER catalysts,thereby advancing the feasibility of large-scale green hydrogen production via acidic water electrolysis.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52302039,52301043)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515240056)+3 种基金the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(GXWD20231129113217001)the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Materials Technology(SYSPG20241211173609003)the Postdoctoral Research Startup Expenses of Shenzhen(NA25501001)Shenzhen Introduce High-level Talents and Scientific Research Start-up Funds(NA11409005)。
文摘Seawater electrolysis has been explored as a viable and sustainable method for green hydrogen production in regions characterized by freshwater scarcity but abundant renewable energy resources.However,the high concentration of chlorine ions(Cl^(-))in seawater leads to severe corrosion of metallic electrodes,which significantly challenges the stability of electrode catalysts in seawater electrolysis.Owing to the Cl^(-)corrosion and the competitive oxygen/chlorine evolution reactions,the design of durable and active anode catalysts is key to achieving practical seawater electrolysis.To address this challenge,this review systematically analyzes the chlorine-induced corrosion mechanisms of anode catalysts,evaluates various anticorrosion strategies,and explores future prospects for enhancing anode durability.Three mainstream anticorrosion strategies are summarized and assessed for their effectiveness in mitigating the chlorineinduced damage to anode catalysts:the physical surface coatings,electrostatic repulsion,and Cl^(-)adsorption regulation.In addition,some emerging strategies are further introduced to highlight the future trends of state-of-the-art techniques for seawater electrolysis.This review aims to provide novel insights and practical guidance for developing more stable and efficient anode catalysts for hydrogen production via seawater electrolvsis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21473153 and 51771162)Support Program for the Top Young Talents of Hebei Province, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015M580214)the Scientific and Technological Research and Development Program of Qinhuangdao City (201701B004)
文摘MXene, a new type of two-dimensional layered transition metal carbide material differing from graphene, demonstrates intriguing chemical/physical properties and wide applications in recent years. Here, the preparation of the self-assembled MXene-gold nanoparticles (MXene@AuNPs) nanocomposites with tunable sizes is reported. The nano- composites are obtained via the self-reduction reactions of MXene material in a HAuCI4 solution at room temperature. The sizes of the Au particles can be well-controlled by reg- ulating the self-reduction reaction time. They can greatly in- fluence the catalytic behaviors of the MXene@AuNPs composites. MXene@AuNPs composites with optimized re- duction time show high catalytic performances and good cycle stability for model catalytic reactions of nRro-compounds, such as 2-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol. This work demon- strates a new approach for the preparation of tunable MXene- based self-assembled composites.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant Nos.2016ZX05004-004&2017ZX05008-005)。
文摘The Furongian Series of the Cambrian in the Tarim Craton(NW China)is mainly composed of crystalline dolostones,and is an important target for oil and gas exploration.The chronostratigraphic framework of the Furongian Series in the Tarim Craton has not yet been established due to the scarcity of fossils and the absence of the Steptoean Positive Carbon Isotope Excursion(SPICE),which is the primary global carbon isotope excursion of the Furongian Series.In this study,the SPICE was discovered by examining the carbon isotopes of the representative drilling wells in the West Platform and East Basin.A positive carbon isotope anomaly withδ13C values ranging from 1.5‰to 1.9‰(PDB),were found in the middle of the Xiaqiulitag Formation of the three drilling wells in the West Platform,and a positive excursion withδ13C values up to 4.0‰(PDB),which is correlated with the SPICE,was found in the lower limestone of the Tuershaketag Formation in the East Basin.Based on the carbon isotopic data and chemostratigraphic correlation,the chronostratigraphic framework of the Furongian Series across different facies in the Tarim Craton is preliminarily established.The basal boundary of the Furongian Series was preliminarily defined by the occurrence of the SPICE.Aweak positive anomaly ofδ13C was observed at the base of the Penglaiba Formation of the three boreholes in the West Platform and the top of the Tuershaketag Formation of Tadong-2 well.We propose that the positive anomaly of the carbon isotope above the weak negative anomaly at the base of the Penglaiba Formation and the top of the Tuershaketag Formation can be used to define the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary in the Tarim Craton.
