The spatiotemporal characterization of plume sedimentation and microorganisms is critical for developing plume ecological monitoring model.To address the limitations of traditional methods in obtaining high-quality se...The spatiotemporal characterization of plume sedimentation and microorganisms is critical for developing plume ecological monitoring model.To address the limitations of traditional methods in obtaining high-quality sediment,a novel sampling system with 6000 m operational capability and three-month endurance was developed.It is equipped with three sediment samplers,a set of formaldehyde preservation solution injection devices.The system is controlled by a low-power,timing-triggered controllers.To investigate low-disturbance rheological mechanisms,gap controlled rheological tests were conducted to optimize the structural design of the sampling and sealing assembly.Stress-controlled shear rheological tests were employed to investigate the mechanisms governing yield stress in sediments under varying temperature conditions and boundary roughness.Additionally,the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian(CEL)method and sediment rheological constitutive models were employed to simulate tube-soil interaction dynamics and sediment disturbance.The radial heterogeneity of sediment disturbance and friction variation of the sampling tube were revealed.The tube was completely“plugged”at a penetration depth of 261 mm,providing critical data support to the penetration depth parameters.The deep-sea pressure test and South China Sea field trials demonstrated the system’s capability to collect and preserve quantitative time-series sediment samples with high fidelity.展开更多
Oroxylin A(OA)is a natural flavonoid primarily derived from the plants Oroxylum indicum and Scutellaria baicalensis.Currently,OA is obtainable through chemical synthesis and exhibits polypharmacological properties,inc...Oroxylin A(OA)is a natural flavonoid primarily derived from the plants Oroxylum indicum and Scutellaria baicalensis.Currently,OA is obtainable through chemical synthesis and exhibits polypharmacological properties,including anti-cancer,anti-inflammatory,anti-microbial,and multi-organ protective effects.The first-in-class drug OA tablets are presently undergoing phase Ib/IIa clinical trials for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)treatment.Substantial evidence suggests that OA demonstrates therapeutic potential against various hepatic and gastrointestinal(GI)disorders,including HCC,hepatic fibrosis,fatty liver disease,hepatitis,liver injury,colitis,and colorectal cancer(CRC).OA exerts its therapeutic effects primarily by modulating several crucial signaling pathways,including those associated with apoptosis,oxidative stress,inflammation,glucolipid metabolism,and fibrosis activation.The oral pharmacokinetics of OA is characterized by phase II metabolism,hydrolysis,and enterohepatic recycling.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the critical stages involved in the development of OA tablets,presenting a holistic perspective on the progression of this first-in-class drug from preclinical to clinical phases.It encompasses the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients,pharmacokinetics,pharmacological efficacy,toxicology,drug delivery,and recent advancements in clinical trials.Importantly,this review examines the potential mechanisms by which OA may influence the gut-liver axis,hypothesizing that these interactions may confer health benefits associated with OA that transcend the limitations posed by its poor bioavailability.展开更多
Acoustic wave isolation and noise reduction are significant challenges in the fields of physics and various applications.Traditional noise-control devices are often hampered by substantial size limitations,and their o...Acoustic wave isolation and noise reduction are significant challenges in the fields of physics and various applications.Traditional noise-control devices are often hampered by substantial size limitations,and their operational efficacy is generally restricted to planar waveforms.In this study,we demonstrate perfect confinement of acoustic vortex waves using an acoustic metacage consisting of phase-gradient metasurfaces.By leveraging the parity-reversed diffraction rule of phase-gradient metasurfaces,the designed metacage exhibited remarkable capabilities for the perfect confinement of acoustic vortex waves,showing robust performance even in the presence of source offsets.These findings present a promising strategy for developing precise and adaptable acoustic confinement technologies.展开更多
Cobalt-based oxides,with high abundance,good stability and excellent catalytic performance,are regarded as promising photocatalysts for artificial photosynthetic systems to alleviate foreseeable energy shortages and g...Cobalt-based oxides,with high abundance,good stability and excellent catalytic performance,are regarded as promising photocatalysts for artificial photosynthetic systems to alleviate foreseeable energy shortages and global warming.Herein,for the first time,a series of novel spongy porous CDs@CoOx materials were synthesized to act as an efficient and stable bifunctional photocatalyst for water oxidation and CO2 reduction.Notably,the preparation temperatures visibly influence the morphologies and photocatalytic performances of the CDs@CoOx.Under the optimal conditions,a maximum O2 yield of 40.4% and pretty apparent quantum efficiency(AQE)of 58.6% at 460 nm were obtained over CDs@CoOx-300 for water oxidation.Similarly,the optimized sample CDs@CoOx-300 manifests significant enhancement on the CO2-to-CO conversion with a high selectivity of 89.3% and CO generation rate of 8.1μmol/h,which is superior to most previous cobalt-based catalysts for CO2 reduction.The composite CDs@CoOx-300 not only exposes more active sites but also facilitates electron transport,which results in excellent photocatalytic activity.In addition,the boosted photocatalytic behavior is attributed to the synergistic effect between CoOx and CDs,which was verified by the photocatalytic activity control experiments and electrochemical characterization.The work offers a novel strategy to fabricate a high performance bifunctional photocatalyst for water oxidation and CO2 reduction.展开更多
In this study,we investigated the role of structural asymmetry of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex（DLPFC） in the continuum of depression from healthy individuals to patients.Structural magnetic resonance imaging w...In this study,we investigated the role of structural asymmetry of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex（DLPFC） in the continuum of depression from healthy individuals to patients.Structural magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 70 patients with major depressive disorder（MDD）,49 matched controls,and 349 healthy university students to calculate structural asymmetry indexes of the DLPFC.First-episode,treatment-naive MDD patients showed a relatively lower asymmetry index than healthy controls,and their asymmetry index was negatively correlated with the depressive symptoms.This abnormality was normalized by antidepressants in medicated MDD patients.Furthermore,the asymmetry index was negatively correlated with the depressive symptoms in university students;this was replicated at two time points in a subgroup of students,suggesting good test-retest reliability.Our findings are consistent with previous studiesthat support the imbalance hypothesis of MDD and suggest a potential structural basis underlying the functional asymmetry of the DLPFC in depression.In future,the structural index of the DLPFC may become a potential biomarker to evaluate individuals＇ risk for the onset of MDD.展开更多
Photosynthesis in nature has been deemed as the most significant biochemical reaction,which maintains a relatively stable content of O_(2) and CO_(2) in the atmosphere.Herein,for a deeper comprehension of natural phot...Photosynthesis in nature has been deemed as the most significant biochemical reaction,which maintains a relatively stable content of O_(2) and CO_(2) in the atmosphere.Herein,for a deeper comprehension of natural photosynthesis,an artificial photosynthesis model reaction of photochemical CO_(2) to CO conversion(CO_(2)+2 H^(+)+2e^(-)→CO+H_(2)O)catalyzed by a homogeneous hexanuclear ring cobalt complex{K_(2)[CoO_(3)PCH_(2)N(CH_(2)CO_(2))_(2)]}_(6)(Co6 complex)is developed.Using the[Ru(bpy)_(3)]^(2+)as a photosensitizer and TEOA as a sacrificial electron donor,an optimal turnover frequency of 503.3 h^(‒1) and an apparent quantum efficiency of 0.81%are obtained.The good photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction performance is attributed to the efficient electron transfer between Co6 complex and[Ru(bpy)_(3)]^(2+),which boosts the photogenerated carriers separation of the photosensitizer.It is confirmed by the j‐V curves,light‐assisted UV‐vis curves,steady‐state photoluminescence spectra and real‐time laser flash photolysis experiments.In addition,the proposed catalytic mechanism for CO_(2) reduction reaction catalyzed by the Co6 complex is explored by the potassium thiocyanate poison experiment,Pourbaix diagram and density functional theory calculations.展开更多
The subventricular zone (SVZ) is a region surrounding the lateral ventricles thatcontains neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells, which can proliferate and differentiateinto various neural and glial cells. SVZ ...The subventricular zone (SVZ) is a region surrounding the lateral ventricles thatcontains neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells, which can proliferate and differentiateinto various neural and glial cells. SVZ cells play important roles in neurological diseases likeneurodegeneration, neural injury, and glioblastoma multiforme. Investigating the anatomy,structure, composition, physiology, disease associations, and related mechanisms of SVZ is significant for neural stem cell therapy and treatment/prevention of neurological disorders. However, challenges remain regarding the mechanisms regulating SVZ cell proliferation,differentiation, and migration, delivering cells to damaged areas, and immune responses.In-depth studies of SVZ functions and related therapeutic developments may provide new insights and approaches for treating brain injuries and degenerative diseases, as well as a scientific basis for neural stem cell therapy. This review summarizes research findings on SVZ andneurological diseases to provide references for relevant therapies.展开更多
Numerous studies have shown that intestinal and urinary tract flora are closely related to the formation of kidney stones.The removal of probiotics represented by lactic acid bacteria and the colonization of pathogeni...Numerous studies have shown that intestinal and urinary tract flora are closely related to the formation of kidney stones.The removal of probiotics represented by lactic acid bacteria and the colonization of pathogenic bacteria can directly or indirectly promote the occurrence of kidney stones.However,currently existing natural probiotics have limitations.Synthetic biology is an emerging discipline in which cells or living organisms are genetically designed and modified to have biological functions that meet human needs,or even create new biological systems,and has now become a research hotspot in various fields.Using synthetic biology approaches of microbial engineering and biological redesign to enable probiotic bacteria to acquire new phenotypes or heterologous protein expression capabilities is an important part of synthetic biology research.Synthetic biology modification of microorganisms in the gut and urinary tract can effectively inhibit the development of kidney stones by a range of means,including direct degradation of metabolites that promote stone production or indirect regulation of flora homeostasis.This article reviews the research status of engineered microorganisms in the prevention and treatment of kidney stones,to provide a new and effective idea for the prevention and treatment of kidney stones.展开更多
Dependence of distributed generation(DG)outputs and load plays an essential role in renewable energy accommodation.This paper presents a novel DG hosting capacity(DGHC)evaluation method for distribution networks consi...Dependence of distributed generation(DG)outputs and load plays an essential role in renewable energy accommodation.This paper presents a novel DG hosting capacity(DGHC)evaluation method for distribution networks considering highdimensional dependence relations among solar radiation,wind speed,and various load types(i.e.,commercial,residential,and industrial).First,an advanced dependence modeling method called regular vine(R-vine)is applied to capture the complex dependence structure of solar radiation,wind speed,commercial loads,industrial loads,and residential loads.Then,a chanceconstrained DGHC evaluation model is employed to figure out maximum hosting capacity of each DG and its optimal allocation plan with different operational risks.Finally,a Benders decomposition algorithm is also employed to reduce computational burden.The proposed approaches are validated using a set of historical data from China.Results show dependence among different DGs and loads has significant impact on hosting capacity.Results also suggest using the R-vine model to capture dependence among distributed energy resources(DERs)and load.This finding provides useful advice for distribution networks in installing renewable energy generations.展开更多
Dynamic luminescence materials overcome the disadvantages of traditional static anti-counterfeiting materials that are easy to imitate,but the repeated display of dynamic luminescence is still a challenge.In this work...Dynamic luminescence materials overcome the disadvantages of traditional static anti-counterfeiting materials that are easy to imitate,but the repeated display of dynamic luminescence is still a challenge.In this work,the dynamic luminescence material Sr_(3)Ga_(4)O_(9):Sm^(3+)was synthesized.It was found that under 254 nm irradiation,the color of PL gradually changed from purple to pink in tens of seconds.More importantly,the dynamic luminescence intensity and self-recovery performance of the phosphor were improved by doping with Zn^(2+).The experimental results show that this is achieved by Zn^(2+)acting as a new dynamic luminescence center and enhancing the density of shallow traps.In addition,multi-color secondary dynamic luminescence,which is used in the field of anti-counterfeiting,was experimentally demonstrated.This study provides a new perspective on the synergistic enhancement of dynamic luminescence intensity and rapid self-recovery.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2803900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42276191)Zhejiang University Students Science and Technology Innovation Activity Plan(New Talent Plan)(No.2024R401185).
文摘The spatiotemporal characterization of plume sedimentation and microorganisms is critical for developing plume ecological monitoring model.To address the limitations of traditional methods in obtaining high-quality sediment,a novel sampling system with 6000 m operational capability and three-month endurance was developed.It is equipped with three sediment samplers,a set of formaldehyde preservation solution injection devices.The system is controlled by a low-power,timing-triggered controllers.To investigate low-disturbance rheological mechanisms,gap controlled rheological tests were conducted to optimize the structural design of the sampling and sealing assembly.Stress-controlled shear rheological tests were employed to investigate the mechanisms governing yield stress in sediments under varying temperature conditions and boundary roughness.Additionally,the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian(CEL)method and sediment rheological constitutive models were employed to simulate tube-soil interaction dynamics and sediment disturbance.The radial heterogeneity of sediment disturbance and friction variation of the sampling tube were revealed.The tube was completely“plugged”at a penetration depth of 261 mm,providing critical data support to the penetration depth parameters.The deep-sea pressure test and South China Sea field trials demonstrated the system’s capability to collect and preserve quantitative time-series sediment samples with high fidelity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82174027)the Social Development Project of Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.BE2021782)Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province.
文摘Oroxylin A(OA)is a natural flavonoid primarily derived from the plants Oroxylum indicum and Scutellaria baicalensis.Currently,OA is obtainable through chemical synthesis and exhibits polypharmacological properties,including anti-cancer,anti-inflammatory,anti-microbial,and multi-organ protective effects.The first-in-class drug OA tablets are presently undergoing phase Ib/IIa clinical trials for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)treatment.Substantial evidence suggests that OA demonstrates therapeutic potential against various hepatic and gastrointestinal(GI)disorders,including HCC,hepatic fibrosis,fatty liver disease,hepatitis,liver injury,colitis,and colorectal cancer(CRC).OA exerts its therapeutic effects primarily by modulating several crucial signaling pathways,including those associated with apoptosis,oxidative stress,inflammation,glucolipid metabolism,and fibrosis activation.The oral pharmacokinetics of OA is characterized by phase II metabolism,hydrolysis,and enterohepatic recycling.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the critical stages involved in the development of OA tablets,presenting a holistic perspective on the progression of this first-in-class drug from preclinical to clinical phases.It encompasses the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients,pharmacokinetics,pharmacological efficacy,toxicology,drug delivery,and recent advancements in clinical trials.Importantly,this review examines the potential mechanisms by which OA may influence the gut-liver axis,hypothesizing that these interactions may confer health benefits associated with OA that transcend the limitations posed by its poor bioavailability.
基金supported by the Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship,Soochow University(Grant No.202410285001Z)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12274313 and 12374293)。
文摘Acoustic wave isolation and noise reduction are significant challenges in the fields of physics and various applications.Traditional noise-control devices are often hampered by substantial size limitations,and their operational efficacy is generally restricted to planar waveforms.In this study,we demonstrate perfect confinement of acoustic vortex waves using an acoustic metacage consisting of phase-gradient metasurfaces.By leveraging the parity-reversed diffraction rule of phase-gradient metasurfaces,the designed metacage exhibited remarkable capabilities for the perfect confinement of acoustic vortex waves,showing robust performance even in the presence of source offsets.These findings present a promising strategy for developing precise and adaptable acoustic confinement technologies.
文摘Cobalt-based oxides,with high abundance,good stability and excellent catalytic performance,are regarded as promising photocatalysts for artificial photosynthetic systems to alleviate foreseeable energy shortages and global warming.Herein,for the first time,a series of novel spongy porous CDs@CoOx materials were synthesized to act as an efficient and stable bifunctional photocatalyst for water oxidation and CO2 reduction.Notably,the preparation temperatures visibly influence the morphologies and photocatalytic performances of the CDs@CoOx.Under the optimal conditions,a maximum O2 yield of 40.4% and pretty apparent quantum efficiency(AQE)of 58.6% at 460 nm were obtained over CDs@CoOx-300 for water oxidation.Similarly,the optimized sample CDs@CoOx-300 manifests significant enhancement on the CO2-to-CO conversion with a high selectivity of 89.3% and CO generation rate of 8.1μmol/h,which is superior to most previous cobalt-based catalysts for CO2 reduction.The composite CDs@CoOx-300 not only exposes more active sites but also facilitates electron transport,which results in excellent photocatalytic activity.In addition,the boosted photocatalytic behavior is attributed to the synergistic effect between CoOx and CDs,which was verified by the photocatalytic activity control experiments and electrochemical characterization.The work offers a novel strategy to fabricate a high performance bifunctional photocatalyst for water oxidation and CO2 reduction.
文摘In this study,we investigated the role of structural asymmetry of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex（DLPFC） in the continuum of depression from healthy individuals to patients.Structural magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 70 patients with major depressive disorder（MDD）,49 matched controls,and 349 healthy university students to calculate structural asymmetry indexes of the DLPFC.First-episode,treatment-naive MDD patients showed a relatively lower asymmetry index than healthy controls,and their asymmetry index was negatively correlated with the depressive symptoms.This abnormality was normalized by antidepressants in medicated MDD patients.Furthermore,the asymmetry index was negatively correlated with the depressive symptoms in university students;this was replicated at two time points in a subgroup of students,suggesting good test-retest reliability.Our findings are consistent with previous studiesthat support the imbalance hypothesis of MDD and suggest a potential structural basis underlying the functional asymmetry of the DLPFC in depression.In future,the structural index of the DLPFC may become a potential biomarker to evaluate individuals＇ risk for the onset of MDD.
文摘Photosynthesis in nature has been deemed as the most significant biochemical reaction,which maintains a relatively stable content of O_(2) and CO_(2) in the atmosphere.Herein,for a deeper comprehension of natural photosynthesis,an artificial photosynthesis model reaction of photochemical CO_(2) to CO conversion(CO_(2)+2 H^(+)+2e^(-)→CO+H_(2)O)catalyzed by a homogeneous hexanuclear ring cobalt complex{K_(2)[CoO_(3)PCH_(2)N(CH_(2)CO_(2))_(2)]}_(6)(Co6 complex)is developed.Using the[Ru(bpy)_(3)]^(2+)as a photosensitizer and TEOA as a sacrificial electron donor,an optimal turnover frequency of 503.3 h^(‒1) and an apparent quantum efficiency of 0.81%are obtained.The good photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction performance is attributed to the efficient electron transfer between Co6 complex and[Ru(bpy)_(3)]^(2+),which boosts the photogenerated carriers separation of the photosensitizer.It is confirmed by the j‐V curves,light‐assisted UV‐vis curves,steady‐state photoluminescence spectra and real‐time laser flash photolysis experiments.In addition,the proposed catalytic mechanism for CO_(2) reduction reaction catalyzed by the Co6 complex is explored by the potassium thiocyanate poison experiment,Pourbaix diagram and density functional theory calculations.
基金supported by the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.A2022125,A2023486)the Medical Research Fund of the Qingyuan People’s Hospital(No.15001019002213)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82203351)The Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of China(No.2021A1515111095).
文摘The subventricular zone (SVZ) is a region surrounding the lateral ventricles thatcontains neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells, which can proliferate and differentiateinto various neural and glial cells. SVZ cells play important roles in neurological diseases likeneurodegeneration, neural injury, and glioblastoma multiforme. Investigating the anatomy,structure, composition, physiology, disease associations, and related mechanisms of SVZ is significant for neural stem cell therapy and treatment/prevention of neurological disorders. However, challenges remain regarding the mechanisms regulating SVZ cell proliferation,differentiation, and migration, delivering cells to damaged areas, and immune responses.In-depth studies of SVZ functions and related therapeutic developments may provide new insights and approaches for treating brain injuries and degenerative diseases, as well as a scientific basis for neural stem cell therapy. This review summarizes research findings on SVZ andneurological diseases to provide references for relevant therapies.
文摘Numerous studies have shown that intestinal and urinary tract flora are closely related to the formation of kidney stones.The removal of probiotics represented by lactic acid bacteria and the colonization of pathogenic bacteria can directly or indirectly promote the occurrence of kidney stones.However,currently existing natural probiotics have limitations.Synthetic biology is an emerging discipline in which cells or living organisms are genetically designed and modified to have biological functions that meet human needs,or even create new biological systems,and has now become a research hotspot in various fields.Using synthetic biology approaches of microbial engineering and biological redesign to enable probiotic bacteria to acquire new phenotypes or heterologous protein expression capabilities is an important part of synthetic biology research.Synthetic biology modification of microorganisms in the gut and urinary tract can effectively inhibit the development of kidney stones by a range of means,including direct degradation of metabolites that promote stone production or indirect regulation of flora homeostasis.This article reviews the research status of engineered microorganisms in the prevention and treatment of kidney stones,to provide a new and effective idea for the prevention and treatment of kidney stones.
基金supported by the High-level Talents Introduction&Research Start-up Fund Program of Nanjing Institute of Technology(YKJ202134).
文摘Dependence of distributed generation(DG)outputs and load plays an essential role in renewable energy accommodation.This paper presents a novel DG hosting capacity(DGHC)evaluation method for distribution networks considering highdimensional dependence relations among solar radiation,wind speed,and various load types(i.e.,commercial,residential,and industrial).First,an advanced dependence modeling method called regular vine(R-vine)is applied to capture the complex dependence structure of solar radiation,wind speed,commercial loads,industrial loads,and residential loads.Then,a chanceconstrained DGHC evaluation model is employed to figure out maximum hosting capacity of each DG and its optimal allocation plan with different operational risks.Finally,a Benders decomposition algorithm is also employed to reduce computational burden.The proposed approaches are validated using a set of historical data from China.Results show dependence among different DGs and loads has significant impact on hosting capacity.Results also suggest using the R-vine model to capture dependence among distributed energy resources(DERs)and load.This finding provides useful advice for distribution networks in installing renewable energy generations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Joint Fund(U2241236)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12304450)+2 种基金the Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects(202202AG050016)the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(202401AT070343)the Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province-the Kunming University of Science and Technology Double First-Class Initiative Collaborative Projects(202201BE070001-027).
文摘Dynamic luminescence materials overcome the disadvantages of traditional static anti-counterfeiting materials that are easy to imitate,but the repeated display of dynamic luminescence is still a challenge.In this work,the dynamic luminescence material Sr_(3)Ga_(4)O_(9):Sm^(3+)was synthesized.It was found that under 254 nm irradiation,the color of PL gradually changed from purple to pink in tens of seconds.More importantly,the dynamic luminescence intensity and self-recovery performance of the phosphor were improved by doping with Zn^(2+).The experimental results show that this is achieved by Zn^(2+)acting as a new dynamic luminescence center and enhancing the density of shallow traps.In addition,multi-color secondary dynamic luminescence,which is used in the field of anti-counterfeiting,was experimentally demonstrated.This study provides a new perspective on the synergistic enhancement of dynamic luminescence intensity and rapid self-recovery.
