We experimentally investigate Coulomb exploded directional double ionization of N2O molecules in elliptically polarized femtosecond laser pulses.The denitrogenation and deoxygenation channels are accessed via various ...We experimentally investigate Coulomb exploded directional double ionization of N2O molecules in elliptically polarized femtosecond laser pulses.The denitrogenation and deoxygenation channels are accessed via various pathways.It leads to distinct asymmetries in directional breaking of the doubly ionized N2O molecules versus the instantaneous laser field vector, which is revealed by tracing the sum-momentum spectra of the ionic fragments as a recoil of the ejected electrons.Our results demonstrate that the accessibility of the Coulomb exploded double ionization channels of N2O molecules are ruled by the detailed potential energy curves, and the directional emission of the fragments are governed by the joint effects of the electron localization-assisted enhanced ionization of the stretched molecules and the profiles of the molecular orbitals.展开更多
Molecular alignment and orientation by laser fields has attracted significant attention in recent years,mostly due to new capabilities to manipulate the molecular spatial arrangement.Molecules can now be efficiently p...Molecular alignment and orientation by laser fields has attracted significant attention in recent years,mostly due to new capabilities to manipulate the molecular spatial arrangement.Molecules can now be efficiently prepared for ionization,structural imaging,orbital tomography,and more,enabling,for example,shooting of dynamic molecular movies.Furthermore,molecular alignment and orientation processes give rise to fundamental quantum and classical phenomena like quantum revivals,Anderson localization,and rotational echoes,just to mention a few.We review recent progress on the visualization,coherent control,and applications of the rich dynamics of molecular rotational wave packets driven by laser pulses of various intensities,durations,and polarizations.In particular,we focus on the molecular unidirectional rotation and its visualization,the orientation of chiral molecules,and the three-dimensional orientation of asymmetric-top molecules.Rotational echoes are discussed as an example of nontrivial dynamics and detection of prepared molecular states.展开更多
In this communication,we disclose the first example of metal-free and site-selective radical fluorination of readily available tertiary alkyl ethers,enabled by synergistic photocatalysis and organocatalysis.This catal...In this communication,we disclose the first example of metal-free and site-selective radical fluorination of readily available tertiary alkyl ethers,enabled by synergistic photocatalysis and organocatalysis.This catalytic combination allows for exclusive fluorination of tertiary C–O bonds under mild conditions even in the presence of competing reaction sites.The excellent functional group tolerance affords valuable access to sterically hindered alkyl fluorides through late-stage modification of complex molecules.The successful use of tertiary alkyl ethers in radical fluorination enhances the structural diversity of aliphatic fluorides that can be derived from naturally abundant alcohols.展开更多
Advances in producing tailored ultrashort laser pulses have enabled the generation and control of molecular dissociative Rydberg excitation along the polarization axis of the laser field.Here,we exploit the orthogonal...Advances in producing tailored ultrashort laser pulses have enabled the generation and control of molecular dissociative Rydberg excitation along the polarization axis of the laser field.Here,we exploit the orthogonally polarized two-color femtosecond laser fields and achieve an unprecedented two-dimensional control of Rydberg fragment emission in the dissociative frustrated single ionization of oxygen.The Rydberg fragments are collected over the 4πsolid angle,whose momentum distribution is manifested in a characteristic four-lobe pattern.Through precise scanning of the relative phase of the orthogonal two-color laser fields,we demonstrate control over asymmetric directional emission of the Rydberg fragments.Our experimental findings are well supported by classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulations,which suggest an efficient emission control achieved through the manipulation of charge localization upon ionization.展开更多
Objective:To analyze and explore the efficacy of ERCP combined with laparoscopic cholecystec-tomy in the treatment of cholecystolithiasis complicated with choledocholithiasis.Methods:100 patients with cholecystolithia...Objective:To analyze and explore the efficacy of ERCP combined with laparoscopic cholecystec-tomy in the treatment of cholecystolithiasis complicated with choledocholithiasis.Methods:100 patients with cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis admitted to the Affiliated Hos-pital of Shandong Second Medical University from January2024 to January 2025 were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,with 50 cases in each group.The control group underwent open cholecystectomy,common bile duct exploration,and T-tube drainage.The observation group underwent ERCP combined with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.The liver function,serum inflammatory expressions,surgical condi-tions,and stone clearance were compared between the two groups.Results:There was no significant difference in the stone clearance rate between the two groups(P>0.05).However,the operative time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative exhaust time,and hospitalization stay in the observa-tion group were shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05).The liver function recovery,inflammatory response,and postoperative complications in the observation group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:ERCP combined with laparoscopic cholecys-tectomy demonstrates a prominent clinical application effect in the treatment of cholecystolithiasis complicated with choledocholithiasis.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFA0306303)the National Natural Science Fundation of China(Grant Nos.11425416,11834004,and 11761141004)the 111 Project of China(Grant No.B12024)
文摘We experimentally investigate Coulomb exploded directional double ionization of N2O molecules in elliptically polarized femtosecond laser pulses.The denitrogenation and deoxygenation channels are accessed via various pathways.It leads to distinct asymmetries in directional breaking of the doubly ionized N2O molecules versus the instantaneous laser field vector, which is revealed by tracing the sum-momentum spectra of the ionic fragments as a recoil of the ejected electrons.Our results demonstrate that the accessibility of the Coulomb exploded double ionization channels of N2O molecules are ruled by the detailed potential energy curves, and the directional emission of the fragments are governed by the joint effects of the electron localization-assisted enhanced ionization of the stretched molecules and the profiles of the molecular orbitals.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFA0306303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.11834004,61690224,and 11761141004)+6 种基金the 111 Project of China(Grant No.B12024)the Projects from Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(No.19JC1412200)ISF-NSFC joint research program(Grant No.2520/17),CNRSthe ERDF Operational Program-Burgundythe EIPHI Graduate School(Contract No.ANR-17-EURE-0002)the Associate(CNRS&Weizmann)International ImagiNano LaboratoryIsrael Science Foundation(Grant No.746/15).
文摘Molecular alignment and orientation by laser fields has attracted significant attention in recent years,mostly due to new capabilities to manipulate the molecular spatial arrangement.Molecules can now be efficiently prepared for ionization,structural imaging,orbital tomography,and more,enabling,for example,shooting of dynamic molecular movies.Furthermore,molecular alignment and orientation processes give rise to fundamental quantum and classical phenomena like quantum revivals,Anderson localization,and rotational echoes,just to mention a few.We review recent progress on the visualization,coherent control,and applications of the rich dynamics of molecular rotational wave packets driven by laser pulses of various intensities,durations,and polarizations.In particular,we focus on the molecular unidirectional rotation and its visualization,the orientation of chiral molecules,and the three-dimensional orientation of asymmetric-top molecules.Rotational echoes are discussed as an example of nontrivial dynamics and detection of prepared molecular states.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21971108,21702098)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190006)+4 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(020514380176)“Jiangsu Six Peak Talent Project”“1000-Youth Talents Plan’’start-up funds from Nanjing Universitysupported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Nanjing University(2018CL05)
文摘In this communication,we disclose the first example of metal-free and site-selective radical fluorination of readily available tertiary alkyl ethers,enabled by synergistic photocatalysis and organocatalysis.This catalytic combination allows for exclusive fluorination of tertiary C–O bonds under mild conditions even in the presence of competing reaction sites.The excellent functional group tolerance affords valuable access to sterically hindered alkyl fluorides through late-stage modification of complex molecules.The successful use of tertiary alkyl ethers in radical fluorination enhances the structural diversity of aliphatic fluorides that can be derived from naturally abundant alcohols.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Fund of China(Grant Nos.12204175,1203400812250003,and 92150105)the Shanghai Sailing Program(Grant No.22YF1411200)+1 种基金the Chenguang Program of Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.22CGA25)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.21ZR1420100)。
文摘Advances in producing tailored ultrashort laser pulses have enabled the generation and control of molecular dissociative Rydberg excitation along the polarization axis of the laser field.Here,we exploit the orthogonally polarized two-color femtosecond laser fields and achieve an unprecedented two-dimensional control of Rydberg fragment emission in the dissociative frustrated single ionization of oxygen.The Rydberg fragments are collected over the 4πsolid angle,whose momentum distribution is manifested in a characteristic four-lobe pattern.Through precise scanning of the relative phase of the orthogonal two-color laser fields,we demonstrate control over asymmetric directional emission of the Rydberg fragments.Our experimental findings are well supported by classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulations,which suggest an efficient emission control achieved through the manipulation of charge localization upon ionization.
文摘Objective:To analyze and explore the efficacy of ERCP combined with laparoscopic cholecystec-tomy in the treatment of cholecystolithiasis complicated with choledocholithiasis.Methods:100 patients with cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis admitted to the Affiliated Hos-pital of Shandong Second Medical University from January2024 to January 2025 were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,with 50 cases in each group.The control group underwent open cholecystectomy,common bile duct exploration,and T-tube drainage.The observation group underwent ERCP combined with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.The liver function,serum inflammatory expressions,surgical condi-tions,and stone clearance were compared between the two groups.Results:There was no significant difference in the stone clearance rate between the two groups(P>0.05).However,the operative time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative exhaust time,and hospitalization stay in the observa-tion group were shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05).The liver function recovery,inflammatory response,and postoperative complications in the observation group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:ERCP combined with laparoscopic cholecys-tectomy demonstrates a prominent clinical application effect in the treatment of cholecystolithiasis complicated with choledocholithiasis.
