Using molecular dynamics simulations, we have revealed a novel wetting phenomenon with a droplet on composite structures formed by embedded water into(111) surface of β-cristobalite hydroxylated silica. This can be a...Using molecular dynamics simulations, we have revealed a novel wetting phenomenon with a droplet on composite structures formed by embedded water into(111) surface of β-cristobalite hydroxylated silica. This can be attributed to the formation of a composite structure composed of embedded water molecules and the surface hydroxyl(–OH) groups,which reduces the number of hydrogen bonds between the composite structure and the water droplet above the composite structure. Interestingly, a small uniform strain(±3%) applied to the crystal lattice of the hydroxylated silica surface can result in a notable change of the contact angles(> 40°) on the surface. The finding provides new insights into the correlation between the molecular-scale interfacial water structures and the macroscopic wettability of the hydroxylated silica surface.展开更多
The long and intricate domestication history of the tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)includes selection sweeps that have not been fully explored,and these sweeps show significant evolutionary trajectories of domestication ...The long and intricate domestication history of the tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)includes selection sweeps that have not been fully explored,and these sweeps show significant evolutionary trajectories of domestication traits.Using three distinct selection strategies,we represented comprehensive selected sweeps from 53 Solanum pimpinellifolium(PIM)and 166 S.lycopersicum(BIG)accessions,which are defined as pseudo-domestication in this study.We identified 390 potential selection sweeps,some of which had a significant impact on fruit-related traits and were crucial to the pseudo-domestication process.During tomato pseudo-domestication,we discovered a minor–effect allele of the SlLEA gene related to fruit weight(FW),as well as the major haplotypes of fw2.2/cell number regulator(CNR),fw3.2/SlKLUH,and fw11.3/cell size regulator(CSR)in cultivars.Furthermore,18 loci were found to be significantly associated with FW and six fruit-related agronomic traits in genome-wide association studies.By examining population differentiation,we identified the causative variation underlying the divergence of fruit flavonoids across the large-fruited tomatoes and validated BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR 1.2(SlBES1.2),a gene that may affect flavonoid content by modulating the MYB12 expression profile.Our results provide new research routes for the genetic basis of fruit traits and excellent genomic resources for tomato genomics-assisted breeding.展开更多
In this study,the entropy weight method was used to comprehensively evaluate the eight sweet-glutinous maize varieties in the regional trials in Shanxi Province in 2016. The results showed that the order of the perfor...In this study,the entropy weight method was used to comprehensively evaluate the eight sweet-glutinous maize varieties in the regional trials in Shanxi Province in 2016. The results showed that the order of the performance of comprehensive traits of the tested varieties was Heitiannuo 631,Heitiannuo No. 2,Cainuo No. 5,Xinnuo 8601,FYN 1601,Xinnuo 8608,Jindannuo 41,Caitiannuo 1958( from good to poor). Among them,Heitiannuo 631,Heitiannuo No. 2 and Cainuo No. 5 are excellent varieties,and the rest are good varieties.展开更多
Cobalt-free LiNiO_(2)(LNO)is considered a promising cathode for its high energy density and costeffectiveness.However,its structural instability under deep delithiation severely limits practical application in nextgen...Cobalt-free LiNiO_(2)(LNO)is considered a promising cathode for its high energy density and costeffectiveness.However,its structural instability under deep delithiation severely limits practical application in nextgeneration batteries.Herein,we propose a high-valence Mo6+doping strategy to simultaneously improve mechanical robustness and electrochemical stability.By stabilizing intergranular interfaces,this method effectively suppresses mechanical degradation induced by lattice strain under deep delithiation.The modified cathode exhibits exceptional electrochemical performance,achieving a specific capacity of 234 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 C with 83.4% retention over 100 cycles at 45℃ in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Notably,it maintains comparable efficacy in all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs),delivering 239 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.05 C and 82.8% retention after 300 cycles.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrate a pronounced rise in oxygen vacancy formation energy,increasing from 1.42 to 3.27 eV.These findings offer valuable insights into overcoming the kinetic performance limitations of cobalt-free LNO under deep delithiation conditions.展开更多
The exploration and utilization of lunar resources have become the major objectives of future lunar exploration missions.The classified collection and processing of lunar minerals is the basic prerequisite for the in-...The exploration and utilization of lunar resources have become the major objectives of future lunar exploration missions.The classified collection and processing of lunar minerals is the basic prerequisite for the in-situ exploration and utilization of lunar resources.In this study,we propose a scheme for in-situ separation of magnetic minerals from lunar soils using the dry magnetic separation method.The scheme can realize the purpose of separating magnetic minerals from lunar regolith by altering the motion trajectory of lunar regolith particles with different magnetic properties.Detailed modeling of the dry magnetic separation device is conducted,and the three-dimensional distribution of magnetic parameters is calculated and analyzed.Based on the characterization and analysis of the Chang E-5's samples,the morphologies and physical parameters of lunar regolith particles are modeled and simulated.A discrete element simulation of the motion process of lunar regolith particles under multi-physical field conditions is performed,and the influences of key parameters on the beneficiation performance of lunar magnetic minerals are investigated.Our results indicate that optimal separation and beneficiation of lunar regolith particles can be achieved under specific conditions of magnetic field strength and drum speed.Additionally,we analyze the effects of lunar weak gravity conditions and the charged nature of lunar particles on the beneficiation process,showing that these factors can obviously enhance the beneficiation process of lunar ilmenites.This study demonstrates the feasibility of using the dry magnetic separation method for the beneficiation of magnetic minerals from lunar regolith,providing a theoretical basis for the scientific tasks of collecting,processing,and utilizing lunar mineral resources.展开更多
Background:With the rising global prevalence of fatty liver disease related to metabolic dysfunction,the association of this common liver condition with chronic kidney disease(CKD)has become increasingly evident.In 20...Background:With the rising global prevalence of fatty liver disease related to metabolic dysfunction,the association of this common liver condition with chronic kidney disease(CKD)has become increasingly evident.In 2020,the more inclusive term metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)was proposed to replace the term non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The observed association between MAFLD and CKD and our understanding that CKD can be a consequence of underlying metabolic dysfunction support the notion that individuals with MAFLD are at higher risk of having and developing CKD compared with those without MAFLD.However,to date,there is no appropriate guidance on CKD in individuals with MAFLD.Furthermore,there has been little attention paid to the link between MAFLD and CKD in the Nephrology community.Methods and Results:Using a Delphi-based approach,a multidisciplinary panel of 50 international experts from 26 countries reached a consensus on some of the open research questions regarding the link between MAFLD and CKD.Conclusions:This Delphi-based consensus statement provided guidance on the epidemiology,mechanisms,management and treatment of MAFLD and CKD,as well as the relationship between the severity of MAFLD and risk of CKD,which establish a framework for the early prevention and management of these two common and interconnected diseases.展开更多
This paper introduces a robust sparse recovery model for compressing bad data and state estimation(SE),based on a revised multi-stage convex relaxation(R-Capped-L1)model.To improve the calculation efficiency,a fast de...This paper introduces a robust sparse recovery model for compressing bad data and state estimation(SE),based on a revised multi-stage convex relaxation(R-Capped-L1)model.To improve the calculation efficiency,a fast decoupled solution is adopted.The proposed method can be used for three-phase unbalanced distribution networks with both phasor measurement unit and remote terminal unit measurements.The robustness and the computational efficiency of the R-Capped-Ll model with fast decoupled solution are compared with some popular SE methods by numerical tests on several three-phase distribution networks.展开更多
The application of titanium alloys in aerospace put forward the requirement for higher strength.Additive manu-facturing is a promising method for the efficient and economical processing of titanium alloys.However,rese...The application of titanium alloys in aerospace put forward the requirement for higher strength.Additive manu-facturing is a promising method for the efficient and economical processing of titanium alloys.However,research on the additive manufacturing of ultrahigh-strength titanium alloys is still limited.The mechanisms of microseg-regation for high alloying elements and poor plasticity are still not clear.In this study,an ultrahigh-strength titanium alloy Ti-4.5Al-5Mo-5V-6Cr-1Nb(TB18)was prepared using two methods:laser direct energy deposi-tion(LDED)and forging.The LDEDed alloy contains three zones with similar grain morphologies but different microstructure.The microsegregation of the alloy is limited due to the rapid solidification and almost eliminated after the thermal cycle and solution treatment.With stress relief treatment,the LDEDed alloy exhibits anisotropic mechanical properties.After solution and aging treatments,its ultimate strength is enhanced;however,its plas-ticity is relatively lower than that of the wrought alloy with equally high strength.The excellent balance of the strength and plasticity of the wrought alloy can be ascribed to the formation of𝛼WGB and multiscale𝛼laths,which provides enlightenment for optimizing the properties of the LDEDed alloy.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant No.22KJD480003)the Curriculum Construction Project of Guangling College,Yangzhou University(Grant No.KCSZ202210).
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11674345)the Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No. QYZDJ-SSW-SLH019)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China。
文摘Using molecular dynamics simulations, we have revealed a novel wetting phenomenon with a droplet on composite structures formed by embedded water into(111) surface of β-cristobalite hydroxylated silica. This can be attributed to the formation of a composite structure composed of embedded water molecules and the surface hydroxyl(–OH) groups,which reduces the number of hydrogen bonds between the composite structure and the water droplet above the composite structure. Interestingly, a small uniform strain(±3%) applied to the crystal lattice of the hydroxylated silica surface can result in a notable change of the contact angles(> 40°) on the surface. The finding provides new insights into the correlation between the molecular-scale interfacial water structures and the macroscopic wettability of the hydroxylated silica surface.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072571)the 111 Project(B17043)the Construction of Beijing Science and Technology Innovation and Service Capacity in Top Subjects(CEFF-PXM2019_014207_000032).
文摘The long and intricate domestication history of the tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)includes selection sweeps that have not been fully explored,and these sweeps show significant evolutionary trajectories of domestication traits.Using three distinct selection strategies,we represented comprehensive selected sweeps from 53 Solanum pimpinellifolium(PIM)and 166 S.lycopersicum(BIG)accessions,which are defined as pseudo-domestication in this study.We identified 390 potential selection sweeps,some of which had a significant impact on fruit-related traits and were crucial to the pseudo-domestication process.During tomato pseudo-domestication,we discovered a minor–effect allele of the SlLEA gene related to fruit weight(FW),as well as the major haplotypes of fw2.2/cell number regulator(CNR),fw3.2/SlKLUH,and fw11.3/cell size regulator(CSR)in cultivars.Furthermore,18 loci were found to be significantly associated with FW and six fruit-related agronomic traits in genome-wide association studies.By examining population differentiation,we identified the causative variation underlying the divergence of fruit flavonoids across the large-fruited tomatoes and validated BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR 1.2(SlBES1.2),a gene that may affect flavonoid content by modulating the MYB12 expression profile.Our results provide new research routes for the genetic basis of fruit traits and excellent genomic resources for tomato genomics-assisted breeding.
基金Biological Breeding Project of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(17yzgc057)
文摘In this study,the entropy weight method was used to comprehensively evaluate the eight sweet-glutinous maize varieties in the regional trials in Shanxi Province in 2016. The results showed that the order of the performance of comprehensive traits of the tested varieties was Heitiannuo 631,Heitiannuo No. 2,Cainuo No. 5,Xinnuo 8601,FYN 1601,Xinnuo 8608,Jindannuo 41,Caitiannuo 1958( from good to poor). Among them,Heitiannuo 631,Heitiannuo No. 2 and Cainuo No. 5 are excellent varieties,and the rest are good varieties.
基金the Guangxi New Energy Vehicle Laboratory Special Project(No.GuikeAA23062079)the Special Project for Central Guidance of Local Science and Technology Development in Sichuan Province(No.2024ZYD0302).
文摘Cobalt-free LiNiO_(2)(LNO)is considered a promising cathode for its high energy density and costeffectiveness.However,its structural instability under deep delithiation severely limits practical application in nextgeneration batteries.Herein,we propose a high-valence Mo6+doping strategy to simultaneously improve mechanical robustness and electrochemical stability.By stabilizing intergranular interfaces,this method effectively suppresses mechanical degradation induced by lattice strain under deep delithiation.The modified cathode exhibits exceptional electrochemical performance,achieving a specific capacity of 234 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 C with 83.4% retention over 100 cycles at 45℃ in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Notably,it maintains comparable efficacy in all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs),delivering 239 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.05 C and 82.8% retention after 300 cycles.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrate a pronounced rise in oxygen vacancy formation energy,increasing from 1.42 to 3.27 eV.These findings offer valuable insights into overcoming the kinetic performance limitations of cobalt-free LNO under deep delithiation conditions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFA0717200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42307451)。
文摘The exploration and utilization of lunar resources have become the major objectives of future lunar exploration missions.The classified collection and processing of lunar minerals is the basic prerequisite for the in-situ exploration and utilization of lunar resources.In this study,we propose a scheme for in-situ separation of magnetic minerals from lunar soils using the dry magnetic separation method.The scheme can realize the purpose of separating magnetic minerals from lunar regolith by altering the motion trajectory of lunar regolith particles with different magnetic properties.Detailed modeling of the dry magnetic separation device is conducted,and the three-dimensional distribution of magnetic parameters is calculated and analyzed.Based on the characterization and analysis of the Chang E-5's samples,the morphologies and physical parameters of lunar regolith particles are modeled and simulated.A discrete element simulation of the motion process of lunar regolith particles under multi-physical field conditions is performed,and the influences of key parameters on the beneficiation performance of lunar magnetic minerals are investigated.Our results indicate that optimal separation and beneficiation of lunar regolith particles can be achieved under specific conditions of magnetic field strength and drum speed.Additionally,we analyze the effects of lunar weak gravity conditions and the charged nature of lunar particles on the beneficiation process,showing that these factors can obviously enhance the beneficiation process of lunar ilmenites.This study demonstrates the feasibility of using the dry magnetic separation method for the beneficiation of magnetic minerals from lunar regolith,providing a theoretical basis for the scientific tasks of collecting,processing,and utilizing lunar mineral resources.
文摘Background:With the rising global prevalence of fatty liver disease related to metabolic dysfunction,the association of this common liver condition with chronic kidney disease(CKD)has become increasingly evident.In 2020,the more inclusive term metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)was proposed to replace the term non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The observed association between MAFLD and CKD and our understanding that CKD can be a consequence of underlying metabolic dysfunction support the notion that individuals with MAFLD are at higher risk of having and developing CKD compared with those without MAFLD.However,to date,there is no appropriate guidance on CKD in individuals with MAFLD.Furthermore,there has been little attention paid to the link between MAFLD and CKD in the Nephrology community.Methods and Results:Using a Delphi-based approach,a multidisciplinary panel of 50 international experts from 26 countries reached a consensus on some of the open research questions regarding the link between MAFLD and CKD.Conclusions:This Delphi-based consensus statement provided guidance on the epidemiology,mechanisms,management and treatment of MAFLD and CKD,as well as the relationship between the severity of MAFLD and risk of CKD,which establish a framework for the early prevention and management of these two common and interconnected diseases.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(No.2018YFB0904200)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51725703).
文摘This paper introduces a robust sparse recovery model for compressing bad data and state estimation(SE),based on a revised multi-stage convex relaxation(R-Capped-L1)model.To improve the calculation efficiency,a fast decoupled solution is adopted.The proposed method can be used for three-phase unbalanced distribution networks with both phasor measurement unit and remote terminal unit measurements.The robustness and the computational efficiency of the R-Capped-Ll model with fast decoupled solution are compared with some popular SE methods by numerical tests on several three-phase distribution networks.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52071005)National Science and Technology Sup-porting Project of China(Grant No.JPPT-135-GH-2-036)Funda-mental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.030810).
文摘The application of titanium alloys in aerospace put forward the requirement for higher strength.Additive manu-facturing is a promising method for the efficient and economical processing of titanium alloys.However,research on the additive manufacturing of ultrahigh-strength titanium alloys is still limited.The mechanisms of microseg-regation for high alloying elements and poor plasticity are still not clear.In this study,an ultrahigh-strength titanium alloy Ti-4.5Al-5Mo-5V-6Cr-1Nb(TB18)was prepared using two methods:laser direct energy deposi-tion(LDED)and forging.The LDEDed alloy contains three zones with similar grain morphologies but different microstructure.The microsegregation of the alloy is limited due to the rapid solidification and almost eliminated after the thermal cycle and solution treatment.With stress relief treatment,the LDEDed alloy exhibits anisotropic mechanical properties.After solution and aging treatments,its ultimate strength is enhanced;however,its plas-ticity is relatively lower than that of the wrought alloy with equally high strength.The excellent balance of the strength and plasticity of the wrought alloy can be ascribed to the formation of𝛼WGB and multiscale𝛼laths,which provides enlightenment for optimizing the properties of the LDEDed alloy.
