The conversion of solar energy to facilitate the photocatalytic transformation of CO_(2)into CH4 addresses the energy shortage caused by reducing humans’excessive dependence on fossil fuels and contributes substantia...The conversion of solar energy to facilitate the photocatalytic transformation of CO_(2)into CH4 addresses the energy shortage caused by reducing humans’excessive dependence on fossil fuels and contributes substantially to the goal of carbon neu-trality.However,there are still many limitations on the conversion of CO_(2)to CH_(4).In this work,a series of ZrO_(2)/Bi_(19)S_(27)Br_(3)composite photocatalysts was prepared by the solvothermal method and applied to the methanation reaction of CO_(2).Combin-ing Bi_(19)S_(27)Br_(3)with ZrO_(2)forms a heterojunction with a strong coupling interface.This greatly enhanced the CO_(2)adsorption performance of the 50-ZrO_(2)/Bi_(19)S_(27)Br_(3)composite and promoted the effective separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs.Without the addition of photosensitizers,the CH_(4)selectivity of the 50-ZrO_(2)/Bi_(19)S_(27)Br_(3)composite is approximately 63%,and the CH_(4)generation rate is 18.04μmol/(gcat·h),which is noticeably higher than that of ZrO_(2)or Bi_(19)S_(27)Br_(3).This research demonstrated enhanced photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction efficiency using Bi_(19)S_(27)Br_(3)-based materials,providing a novel approach for the use of CO_(2)resources.展开更多
Climate change is a global emergency.It is only possible to pace down global change through addressing the triggers of it,greenhouse gas emissions.Despite commendable progress,we think that there is plenty of room to ...Climate change is a global emergency.It is only possible to pace down global change through addressing the triggers of it,greenhouse gas emissions.Despite commendable progress,we think that there is plenty of room to further make the studies addressing global change realistic,through integrating into them biotic interactions.We make a case for this statement through a bibliometrics analysis on agricultural studies exploring greenhouse gas emissions that consider arbuscular mycorrhiza.We show that even though mycorrhizal studies account right now for a small fraction of the agricultural literature,they get cited more often.We further demonstrate that mycorrhizal studies are typically more descriptive in their nature,which we support through comparing the keywords they list.We subsequently use the opportunity to identify shortcomings and opportunities to further integrate mycorrhiza into agricultural studies assaying greenhouse gas emissions.We finally make a call to better integrate arbuscular mycorrhiza into global change studies.展开更多
Magnesium metal and its alloys are being developed as effective orthopedic implants;however,the mechanisms underlying the actions of magnesium on bones remain unclear.Cystic fibrosis,the most common genetic disease in...Magnesium metal and its alloys are being developed as effective orthopedic implants;however,the mechanisms underlying the actions of magnesium on bones remain unclear.Cystic fibrosis,the most common genetic disease in Caucasians caused by the mutation of CFTR,has shown bone disorder as a key clinical manifestation,which currently lacks effective therapeutic options.Here we report that implantation of magnesium-containing implant stimulates bone formation and improves bone fracture healing in CFTR-mutant mice.Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the bone is enhanced by the magnesium implant,and inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin by iCRT14 blocks the magnesium implant to improve fracture healing in CFTR-mutant mice.We further demonstrate that magnesium ion enters osteocytes,increases intracellular cAMP level and activates ATF4,a key transcription factor known to regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling.In vivo knockdown of ATF4 abolishes the magnesium implant-activated β-catenin in bones and reverses the improved-fracture healing in CFTR-mutant mice.In addition,oral supplementation of magnesium activates ATF4 and β-catenin as well as enhances bone volume and density in CFTR-mutant mice.Together,these results show that magnesium implantation or supplementation may serve as a potential anabolic therapy for cystic fibrosis-related bone disease.Activation of ATF4-dependent Wnt/β-catenin signaling in osteocytes is identified as a previously undefined mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of magnesium on bone formation.展开更多
Reduced tillage practices present a tool that could sustainably intensify agriculture.The existing literature,however,lacks a consensus on how and when reduced tillage practices should get implemented.We reanalyzed he...Reduced tillage practices present a tool that could sustainably intensify agriculture.The existing literature,however,lacks a consensus on how and when reduced tillage practices should get implemented.We reanalyzed here an extensive dataset comparing how regular tillage practices(i.e.,conventional tillage)impacted yield of eight crops compared to stopping tillage altogether(i.e.,no-tillage practice).We observed that aridity and fertilization favored no tillage over conventional tillage whereas conventional tillage performed better under high fertility settings.We further show that the responses are consistent across the crops.Our reanalysis complements the original and fills a gap in the literature questioning the conditions under which reducing tillage presents a viable alternative to common tillage practices.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22378172,22138011,22378206).
文摘The conversion of solar energy to facilitate the photocatalytic transformation of CO_(2)into CH4 addresses the energy shortage caused by reducing humans’excessive dependence on fossil fuels and contributes substantially to the goal of carbon neu-trality.However,there are still many limitations on the conversion of CO_(2)to CH_(4).In this work,a series of ZrO_(2)/Bi_(19)S_(27)Br_(3)composite photocatalysts was prepared by the solvothermal method and applied to the methanation reaction of CO_(2).Combin-ing Bi_(19)S_(27)Br_(3)with ZrO_(2)forms a heterojunction with a strong coupling interface.This greatly enhanced the CO_(2)adsorption performance of the 50-ZrO_(2)/Bi_(19)S_(27)Br_(3)composite and promoted the effective separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs.Without the addition of photosensitizers,the CH_(4)selectivity of the 50-ZrO_(2)/Bi_(19)S_(27)Br_(3)composite is approximately 63%,and the CH_(4)generation rate is 18.04μmol/(gcat·h),which is noticeably higher than that of ZrO_(2)or Bi_(19)S_(27)Br_(3).This research demonstrated enhanced photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction efficiency using Bi_(19)S_(27)Br_(3)-based materials,providing a novel approach for the use of CO_(2)resources.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Outstanding Foreign Young Scholars(No.32250610)for the project“Arbuscular mycorrhizae:A land of promise for mitigating terrestrial N2O emissions”awarded to SDV。
文摘Climate change is a global emergency.It is only possible to pace down global change through addressing the triggers of it,greenhouse gas emissions.Despite commendable progress,we think that there is plenty of room to further make the studies addressing global change realistic,through integrating into them biotic interactions.We make a case for this statement through a bibliometrics analysis on agricultural studies exploring greenhouse gas emissions that consider arbuscular mycorrhiza.We show that even though mycorrhizal studies account right now for a small fraction of the agricultural literature,they get cited more often.We further demonstrate that mycorrhizal studies are typically more descriptive in their nature,which we support through comparing the keywords they list.We subsequently use the opportunity to identify shortcomings and opportunities to further integrate mycorrhiza into agricultural studies assaying greenhouse gas emissions.We finally make a call to better integrate arbuscular mycorrhiza into global change studies.
基金supported in part by Theme-based Research Scheme of Hong Kong(No.T13-402/17 N)Health and Medical Research Fund of Hong Kong(15161441 and 18190481)+3 种基金Early Career Scheme of Hong Kong(No.24104517)Start-up fund at the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityNational Natural Science Foundation of China(81802152)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2019A1515012224 and 2021A1515011204).
文摘Magnesium metal and its alloys are being developed as effective orthopedic implants;however,the mechanisms underlying the actions of magnesium on bones remain unclear.Cystic fibrosis,the most common genetic disease in Caucasians caused by the mutation of CFTR,has shown bone disorder as a key clinical manifestation,which currently lacks effective therapeutic options.Here we report that implantation of magnesium-containing implant stimulates bone formation and improves bone fracture healing in CFTR-mutant mice.Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the bone is enhanced by the magnesium implant,and inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin by iCRT14 blocks the magnesium implant to improve fracture healing in CFTR-mutant mice.We further demonstrate that magnesium ion enters osteocytes,increases intracellular cAMP level and activates ATF4,a key transcription factor known to regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling.In vivo knockdown of ATF4 abolishes the magnesium implant-activated β-catenin in bones and reverses the improved-fracture healing in CFTR-mutant mice.In addition,oral supplementation of magnesium activates ATF4 and β-catenin as well as enhances bone volume and density in CFTR-mutant mice.Together,these results show that magnesium implantation or supplementation may serve as a potential anabolic therapy for cystic fibrosis-related bone disease.Activation of ATF4-dependent Wnt/β-catenin signaling in osteocytes is identified as a previously undefined mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of magnesium on bone formation.
文摘Reduced tillage practices present a tool that could sustainably intensify agriculture.The existing literature,however,lacks a consensus on how and when reduced tillage practices should get implemented.We reanalyzed here an extensive dataset comparing how regular tillage practices(i.e.,conventional tillage)impacted yield of eight crops compared to stopping tillage altogether(i.e.,no-tillage practice).We observed that aridity and fertilization favored no tillage over conventional tillage whereas conventional tillage performed better under high fertility settings.We further show that the responses are consistent across the crops.Our reanalysis complements the original and fills a gap in the literature questioning the conditions under which reducing tillage presents a viable alternative to common tillage practices.
