This study aimed to explore the relationships among clinical insight,subjective memory complaints,and objective memory performance in patients with schizophrenia.We recruited 205 patients with schizophrenia and 221 he...This study aimed to explore the relationships among clinical insight,subjective memory complaints,and objective memory performance in patients with schizophrenia.We recruited 205 patients with schizophrenia and 221 healthy controls in this study.The participants were administered a subjective-report scale on memory(the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire),and several objective memory tasks measuring verbal memory,visual memory,and working memory.Clinical insight was measured with an item in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.We found that when patients with schizophrenia were divided into subgroups with good and poor insight,both subgroups showed impairment in memory performance compared with controls.The schizophrenia patients with good insight reported similar memory complaints as controls whereas patients with poor insight reported less memory complaints than did the controls.These findings suggest that clinical insight may be related to subjective memory complaints,but not objective memory performance.展开更多
Schizotypal traits have been found to be negatively associated with satisfaction with lifebut the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study investigated the associationbetween schizotypal traits and sa...Schizotypal traits have been found to be negatively associated with satisfaction with lifebut the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study investigated the associationbetween schizotypal traits and satisfaction with life and explored the mediating roleof trait anxiety and mind wandering in the relationship between those two variables in asample of Chinese young adults. One hundred and two individuals with high schizotypaltraits and 104 individuals with low schizotypal traits were screened using the SchizotypalPersonality Questionnaire. They completed a series of questionnaires including the Satisfactionwith Life Scale, Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Mind Wandering Questionnaire.Results showed that: First, the high schizotypal trait group showed lower satisfaction withlife, and higher trait anxiety and mind wandering frequency than the low schizotypal traitgroup. Second, the high schizotypal trait group, trait anxiety, and mind wandering negativelypredicted satisfaction with life. Third, mediation analyses showed that all indirecteffect paths in the mediation model were significant, that is, trait anxiety and mind wanderingalone and together mediated the relationship between schizotypal trait group andsatisfaction with life. In conclusion, high schizotypal trait is a risk factor for low satisfactionwith life. The association between schizotypal traits and satisfaction with life wasmediated by the combination of trait anxiety and mind wandering. This study has implicationsfor improving life satisfaction in individuals with high schizotypal traits.展开更多
Negative association was found between the frontal theta/beta ratio and mind wandering in participants with high schizotypal traits,while no such association was found in participants with low schizotypal traits.These...Negative association was found between the frontal theta/beta ratio and mind wandering in participants with high schizotypal traits,while no such association was found in participants with low schizotypal traits.These findings provide insights into the neural mechanism of mind wandering in individuals with high schizotypal traits.展开更多
Mental time travel(MTT)refers to the ability to mentally re-experience the past and preexperience the future.Here we briefly review impairments in MTT,its underlying cognitive and neural mechanisms,and ways to improve...Mental time travel(MTT)refers to the ability to mentally re-experience the past and preexperience the future.Here we briefly review impairments in MTT,its underlying cognitive and neural mechanisms,and ways to improve MTT in psychiatric patients.Future research directions on MTT are discussed.展开更多
Mental time travel(MTT)is the ability to project oneself to the past or future through mental simulation.Moreover,MTT can involve self-related or other-related information.This study aimed to compare MTT in individual...Mental time travel(MTT)is the ability to project oneself to the past or future through mental simulation.Moreover,MTT can involve self-related or other-related information.This study aimed to compare MTT in individuals with high levels of schizotypy and that in their counterparts with low levels of schizotypy.Participants with high(n=37)and low(n=37)levels of schizotypy completed an MTT task with four conditions[2(Condition:self vs.other)×2(Time orientation:past vs.future)].They were required to recall past events that had happened to themselves or to a non-intimate person,and to imagine possible future events that might happen to themselves or to a non-intimate person,related to cue words.Outcome measures included specificity,vividness,sense of experience,emotional valence,emotional intensity,proportion of first-person visual perspective in events,and difficulty in event generation.A 2(Group:high vs.low levels of schizotypy)×2(Condition)×2(Time orientation)mixed analysis of variance was conducted on each index.Results showed that self-related MTT was more specific than other-related MTT in low levels of schizotypy participants but not in high levels of schizotypy participants.Participants with a high level of schizotypy reported fewer specific events,and reported events with lower vividness and positive emotion than did those with a low level of schizotypy.Self-related MTT showed higher levels of phenomenological characteristics than did other-related MTT.In conclusion,individuals with a high level of schizotypy have altered MTT,and cannot benefit from the self-advantage effect on the specificity of MTT.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China Grants 31571130,32071062 and 81571317.
文摘This study aimed to explore the relationships among clinical insight,subjective memory complaints,and objective memory performance in patients with schizophrenia.We recruited 205 patients with schizophrenia and 221 healthy controls in this study.The participants were administered a subjective-report scale on memory(the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire),and several objective memory tasks measuring verbal memory,visual memory,and working memory.Clinical insight was measured with an item in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.We found that when patients with schizophrenia were divided into subgroups with good and poor insight,both subgroups showed impairment in memory performance compared with controls.The schizophrenia patients with good insight reported similar memory complaints as controls whereas patients with poor insight reported less memory complaints than did the controls.These findings suggest that clinical insight may be related to subjective memory complaints,but not objective memory performance.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:32071062。
文摘Schizotypal traits have been found to be negatively associated with satisfaction with lifebut the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study investigated the associationbetween schizotypal traits and satisfaction with life and explored the mediating roleof trait anxiety and mind wandering in the relationship between those two variables in asample of Chinese young adults. One hundred and two individuals with high schizotypaltraits and 104 individuals with low schizotypal traits were screened using the SchizotypalPersonality Questionnaire. They completed a series of questionnaires including the Satisfactionwith Life Scale, Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Mind Wandering Questionnaire.Results showed that: First, the high schizotypal trait group showed lower satisfaction withlife, and higher trait anxiety and mind wandering frequency than the low schizotypal traitgroup. Second, the high schizotypal trait group, trait anxiety, and mind wandering negativelypredicted satisfaction with life. Third, mediation analyses showed that all indirecteffect paths in the mediation model were significant, that is, trait anxiety and mind wanderingalone and together mediated the relationship between schizotypal trait group andsatisfaction with life. In conclusion, high schizotypal trait is a risk factor for low satisfactionwith life. The association between schizotypal traits and satisfaction with life wasmediated by the combination of trait anxiety and mind wandering. This study has implicationsfor improving life satisfaction in individuals with high schizotypal traits.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:32071062。
文摘Negative association was found between the frontal theta/beta ratio and mind wandering in participants with high schizotypal traits,while no such association was found in participants with low schizotypal traits.These findings provide insights into the neural mechanism of mind wandering in individuals with high schizotypal traits.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:32071062Philip KH Wong Foundation。
文摘Mental time travel(MTT)refers to the ability to mentally re-experience the past and preexperience the future.Here we briefly review impairments in MTT,its underlying cognitive and neural mechanisms,and ways to improve MTT in psychiatric patients.Future research directions on MTT are discussed.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:32071062Philip KH Wong Foundation,Grant/Award Number:na。
文摘Mental time travel(MTT)is the ability to project oneself to the past or future through mental simulation.Moreover,MTT can involve self-related or other-related information.This study aimed to compare MTT in individuals with high levels of schizotypy and that in their counterparts with low levels of schizotypy.Participants with high(n=37)and low(n=37)levels of schizotypy completed an MTT task with four conditions[2(Condition:self vs.other)×2(Time orientation:past vs.future)].They were required to recall past events that had happened to themselves or to a non-intimate person,and to imagine possible future events that might happen to themselves or to a non-intimate person,related to cue words.Outcome measures included specificity,vividness,sense of experience,emotional valence,emotional intensity,proportion of first-person visual perspective in events,and difficulty in event generation.A 2(Group:high vs.low levels of schizotypy)×2(Condition)×2(Time orientation)mixed analysis of variance was conducted on each index.Results showed that self-related MTT was more specific than other-related MTT in low levels of schizotypy participants but not in high levels of schizotypy participants.Participants with a high level of schizotypy reported fewer specific events,and reported events with lower vividness and positive emotion than did those with a low level of schizotypy.Self-related MTT showed higher levels of phenomenological characteristics than did other-related MTT.In conclusion,individuals with a high level of schizotypy have altered MTT,and cannot benefit from the self-advantage effect on the specificity of MTT.
