Background:Empty-nest elders have considerable needs for daily living,health care,and social support in China.The growing need for care of an aging population requires to be met through adequate policy decision making...Background:Empty-nest elders have considerable needs for daily living,health care,and social support in China.The growing need for care of an aging population requires to be met through adequate policy decision making by government.Aim:To explore care needs of Chinese empty-nest elderly people and to provide reference information for relevant authorities in making care-supporting policies.Method:A descriptive qualitative study design was adopted.Twenty-five senior citizens in urban communities who were not living with their children were recruited from three communities in different districts of Beijing.In-depth interviews with a semi-structured questionnaire were used to collect data.A qualitative content analysis method was used to analyze data.Results:A major care need by the empty-nest elderly was home-based care.In view of their physical condition,need of support and their own security problems,they would like to have aging-in-place,home-based care by housemaid employment,or have institutionalized care in the future.However,they had some concerns about institutionalized care.Conclusions:A combination of home-based and community-based care is a suitable mode of care for the empty-nest elderly,and institutionalized care is an expected supplementary form of care.展开更多
Background:Effective communication between nurse and patient is paramount in establishing the relationship on which patient care is based and influences the quality of nursing care leading to improved health outcomes ...Background:Effective communication between nurse and patient is paramount in establishing the relationship on which patient care is based and influences the quality of nursing care leading to improved health outcomes for patients.It is necessary for nurses to understand children’s perspectives of nurseepatient communication in order to choose appropriate communication skills to promote effective communication and a sweet relationship.Purpose:To explore the communication status of children who were in the early stages of living with leukemia and their perspectives of nurseepatient communication.Method:In-depth interviews were conducted with Chinese children with leukemia using a descriptive qualitative research method,and the data were analyzed using Krippendorf’s content analysis.Results:Twenty-nine children with leukemia were interviewed.Three communication states were identified among children in the first three months of living with leukemia:totally unwilling to communicate,reduced communication with others and increased communication with parents.Nurseepatient communication for children with leukemia formed three themes:content,form and occasion of communication.Conclusions:With a better understanding of children’s communication status and their expectations of communication,nurses can promote effective nurseepatient communication strategies to meet children’s psychological needs and build harmonious relationship.展开更多
Aims and Objectives:The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with an increased risk of intraoperative pressure injury in patients undergoing aortic surgery.Background:Intraoperative pressure injur...Aims and Objectives:The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with an increased risk of intraoperative pressure injury in patients undergoing aortic surgery.Background:Intraoperative pressure injuries are some of the most signifi cant health problems in clinical practice.According to previous studies,patients undergoing aortic surgery are at high risk of developing an intraoperative pressure injury,with an incidence much higher than that associated with other types of cardiac surgery.Design:This was a nested case-control study.Methods:Following the STROBE checklist,a nested case-control approach was adopted in this study.A patient cohort was selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria from patients undergoing aortic surgery.Data were collected from these patients by means of a tailored questionnaire designed in-house.Patients with intraoperative pressure injury at the end of surgery were identifi ed as the case group,while the control group consisted of patients without intraoperative pressure injury.Patients in the groups underwent 1:1 matching based on age and sex.Initially,a single-factor analysis was conducted between the two groups.Subsequently,risk factors for intraoperative pressure injury were identifi ed through conditional logistic regression analysis with use of the variables that exhibited statistically signifi cant differences in the single-factor analysis.Results:A total of 400 patients were selected.Among these,167 patients experienced intraoperative pressure injury at an incidence rate of 41.8%.Strict preoperative bed confi nement,deep hypothermic circulatory arrest during surgery,application of norepinephrine or dopamine during surgery,and intraoperative skin wetting were associated with the occurrence of intraoperative pressure injury in patients undergoing aortic surgery.Conclusions:Nurses should thoroughly assess the risk of intraoperative pressure injury and implement appropriate preventative interventions,particularly in high-risk patients undergoing aortic surgery.展开更多
Dysregulated RNA splicing is a well-recognized characteristic of colorectal cancer(CRC);however,its intricacies remain obscure,partly due to challenges in profiling full-length transcript variants at the single-cell l...Dysregulated RNA splicing is a well-recognized characteristic of colorectal cancer(CRC);however,its intricacies remain obscure,partly due to challenges in profiling full-length transcript variants at the single-cell level.Here,we employ high-depth long-read scRNA-seq to define the full-length transcriptome of colorectal epithelial cells in 12 CRC patients,revealing extensive isoform diversities and splicing alterations.Cancer cells exhibited increased transcript complexity,with widespread 3'-UTR shortening and reduced intron retention.Distinct splicing regulation patterns were observed between intrinsic-consensus molecular subtypes(iCMS),with iCMS3 displaying even higher splicing factor activities and more pronounced 3'-UTR shortening.Furthermore,we revealed substantial shifts in isoform usage that result in alterations of protein sequences from the same gene with distinct carcinogenic effects during tumorigenesis of CRC.Allele-specific expression analysis revealed dominant mutant allele expression in key oncogenes and tumor suppressors.Moreover,mutated PPIG was linked to widespread splicing dysregulation,and functional validation experiments confirmed its critical role in modulating RNA splicing and tumor-associated processes.Our findings highlight the transcriptomic plasticity in CRC and suggest novel candidate targets for splicingbased therapeutic strategies.展开更多
Case-cohort design is an efficient and economical design to study risk factors for diseases with expensive measurements, especially when the disease rate is low. When several diseases are of interest, multiple case-co...Case-cohort design is an efficient and economical design to study risk factors for diseases with expensive measurements, especially when the disease rate is low. When several diseases are of interest, multiple case-cohort design studies may be conducted using the same subcohort. To study the association between risk factors and each disease occurrence or death, we consider a general additive-multiplicative hazards model for case-cohort designs with multiple disease outcomes. We present an estimation procedure for the regression parameters of the additive-multiplicative hazards model, and show that the proposed estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal. Large sample approximation works well in finite sample studies in simulation. Finally, we apply the proposed method to a real data example for illustration.展开更多
基金This research was funded by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars of Beijing,and the Importation and Development of High-Caliber Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Institutions(grant no.CIT&TCD20140328).
文摘Background:Empty-nest elders have considerable needs for daily living,health care,and social support in China.The growing need for care of an aging population requires to be met through adequate policy decision making by government.Aim:To explore care needs of Chinese empty-nest elderly people and to provide reference information for relevant authorities in making care-supporting policies.Method:A descriptive qualitative study design was adopted.Twenty-five senior citizens in urban communities who were not living with their children were recruited from three communities in different districts of Beijing.In-depth interviews with a semi-structured questionnaire were used to collect data.A qualitative content analysis method was used to analyze data.Results:A major care need by the empty-nest elderly was home-based care.In view of their physical condition,need of support and their own security problems,they would like to have aging-in-place,home-based care by housemaid employment,or have institutionalized care in the future.However,they had some concerns about institutionalized care.Conclusions:A combination of home-based and community-based care is a suitable mode of care for the empty-nest elderly,and institutionalized care is an expected supplementary form of care.
基金This study was supported by Beijing Municipal Commission of Education in 2008(SM200810025004).
文摘Background:Effective communication between nurse and patient is paramount in establishing the relationship on which patient care is based and influences the quality of nursing care leading to improved health outcomes for patients.It is necessary for nurses to understand children’s perspectives of nurseepatient communication in order to choose appropriate communication skills to promote effective communication and a sweet relationship.Purpose:To explore the communication status of children who were in the early stages of living with leukemia and their perspectives of nurseepatient communication.Method:In-depth interviews were conducted with Chinese children with leukemia using a descriptive qualitative research method,and the data were analyzed using Krippendorf’s content analysis.Results:Twenty-nine children with leukemia were interviewed.Three communication states were identified among children in the first three months of living with leukemia:totally unwilling to communicate,reduced communication with others and increased communication with parents.Nurseepatient communication for children with leukemia formed three themes:content,form and occasion of communication.Conclusions:With a better understanding of children’s communication status and their expectations of communication,nurses can promote effective nurseepatient communication strategies to meet children’s psychological needs and build harmonious relationship.
文摘Aims and Objectives:The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with an increased risk of intraoperative pressure injury in patients undergoing aortic surgery.Background:Intraoperative pressure injuries are some of the most signifi cant health problems in clinical practice.According to previous studies,patients undergoing aortic surgery are at high risk of developing an intraoperative pressure injury,with an incidence much higher than that associated with other types of cardiac surgery.Design:This was a nested case-control study.Methods:Following the STROBE checklist,a nested case-control approach was adopted in this study.A patient cohort was selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria from patients undergoing aortic surgery.Data were collected from these patients by means of a tailored questionnaire designed in-house.Patients with intraoperative pressure injury at the end of surgery were identifi ed as the case group,while the control group consisted of patients without intraoperative pressure injury.Patients in the groups underwent 1:1 matching based on age and sex.Initially,a single-factor analysis was conducted between the two groups.Subsequently,risk factors for intraoperative pressure injury were identifi ed through conditional logistic regression analysis with use of the variables that exhibited statistically signifi cant differences in the single-factor analysis.Results:A total of 400 patients were selected.Among these,167 patients experienced intraoperative pressure injury at an incidence rate of 41.8%.Strict preoperative bed confi nement,deep hypothermic circulatory arrest during surgery,application of norepinephrine or dopamine during surgery,and intraoperative skin wetting were associated with the occurrence of intraoperative pressure injury in patients undergoing aortic surgery.Conclusions:Nurses should thoroughly assess the risk of intraoperative pressure injury and implement appropriate preventative interventions,particularly in high-risk patients undergoing aortic surgery.
基金supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81972702)Beijing Nova Program (2022029)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China (2023ZD0520000)Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics at Peking University and the Changping Laboratory.
文摘Dysregulated RNA splicing is a well-recognized characteristic of colorectal cancer(CRC);however,its intricacies remain obscure,partly due to challenges in profiling full-length transcript variants at the single-cell level.Here,we employ high-depth long-read scRNA-seq to define the full-length transcriptome of colorectal epithelial cells in 12 CRC patients,revealing extensive isoform diversities and splicing alterations.Cancer cells exhibited increased transcript complexity,with widespread 3'-UTR shortening and reduced intron retention.Distinct splicing regulation patterns were observed between intrinsic-consensus molecular subtypes(iCMS),with iCMS3 displaying even higher splicing factor activities and more pronounced 3'-UTR shortening.Furthermore,we revealed substantial shifts in isoform usage that result in alterations of protein sequences from the same gene with distinct carcinogenic effects during tumorigenesis of CRC.Allele-specific expression analysis revealed dominant mutant allele expression in key oncogenes and tumor suppressors.Moreover,mutated PPIG was linked to widespread splicing dysregulation,and functional validation experiments confirmed its critical role in modulating RNA splicing and tumor-associated processes.Our findings highlight the transcriptomic plasticity in CRC and suggest novel candidate targets for splicingbased therapeutic strategies.
基金partly supported by the Natural Science Research Project of Universities of Anhui Province(No.KJ2016B026)partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grants(No.11301355)the Technology Foundation for Selected Overseas Chinese Scholar,Ministry of Personnel of Beijing,China
文摘Case-cohort design is an efficient and economical design to study risk factors for diseases with expensive measurements, especially when the disease rate is low. When several diseases are of interest, multiple case-cohort design studies may be conducted using the same subcohort. To study the association between risk factors and each disease occurrence or death, we consider a general additive-multiplicative hazards model for case-cohort designs with multiple disease outcomes. We present an estimation procedure for the regression parameters of the additive-multiplicative hazards model, and show that the proposed estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal. Large sample approximation works well in finite sample studies in simulation. Finally, we apply the proposed method to a real data example for illustration.
