Ischemic stroke is a significant global health crisis,frequently resulting in disability or death,with limited therapeutic interventions available.Although various intrinsic reparative processes are initiated within t...Ischemic stroke is a significant global health crisis,frequently resulting in disability or death,with limited therapeutic interventions available.Although various intrinsic reparative processes are initiated within the ischemic brain,these mechanisms are often insufficient to restore neuronal functionality.This has led to intensive investigation into the use of exogenous stem cells as a potential therapeutic option.This comprehensive review outlines the ontogeny and mechanisms of activation of endogenous neural stem cells within the adult brain following ischemic events,with focus on the impact of stem cell-based therapies on neural stem cells.Exogenous stem cells have been shown to enhance the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells via direct cell-tocell contact and through the secretion of growth factors and exosomes.Additionally,implanted stem cells may recruit host stem cells from their niches to the infarct area by establishing so-called“biobridges.”Furthermore,xenogeneic and allogeneic stem cells can modify the microenvironment of the infarcted brain tissue through immunomodulatory and angiogenic effects,thereby supporting endogenous neuroregeneration.Given the convergence of regulatory pathways between exogenous and endogenous stem cells and the necessity for a supportive microenvironment,we discuss three strategies to simultaneously enhance the therapeutic efficacy of both cell types.These approaches include:(1)co-administration of various growth factors and pharmacological agents alongside stem cell transplantation to reduce stem cell apoptosis;(2)synergistic administration of stem cells and their exosomes to amplify paracrine effects;and(3)integration of stem cells within hydrogels,which provide a protective scaffold for the implanted cells while facilitating the regeneration of neural tissue and the reconstitution of neural circuits.This comprehensive review highlights the interactions and shared regulatory mechanisms between endogenous neural stem cells and exogenously implanted stem cells and may offer new insights for improving the efficacy of stem cell-based therapies in the treatment of ischemic stroke.展开更多
We investigate the effects of projectile material on high-speed penetration/perforation of Inconel 718 alloy(IN718)plates.High-speed ballistic impact tests are conducted on 2 mm-thickness IN718 plates with 5-mm-diamet...We investigate the effects of projectile material on high-speed penetration/perforation of Inconel 718 alloy(IN718)plates.High-speed ballistic impact tests are conducted on 2 mm-thickness IN718 plates with 5-mm-diameter stainless steel 304(SS304),Ti alloy TC4,and Al alloy AA1060 spherical projectiles.The impact processes are captured with high-speed photography.Optical and scanning electron microscopy and laser scan are conducted on recovered projectiles and targets.Finite element models of the ballistic impact are established based on the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian algorithm with the Johnson-Cook constitutive model and failure criterion,and can well reproduce the experimental results.The experimental and simulated data related to projectile dynamics,and the geometries of postmortem projectiles and bullet holes are analyzed with phenomenological models.Projectile velocity evolution can be described with hydrodynamic models of penetration.Dimensional analysis reveals a universal relationship between the bullet hole expansion coefficient and the normalized dynamic pressure,regardless of the projectile material.However,the projectile material does affect projectile deformation,bullet hole size,and energy absorption of target.展开更多
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(T-ALL)is a common yet severe pediatric cancer treated with Lasparaginase(ASP).To boost the treatment's effectiveness and lessen its toxicity,enzyme@MOF nanoparticles were engine...T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(T-ALL)is a common yet severe pediatric cancer treated with Lasparaginase(ASP).To boost the treatment's effectiveness and lessen its toxicity,enzyme@MOF nanoparticles were engineered with a hyaluronic acid(HA)-targeted polyethylene glycol(PEG)surface.These nanoparticles,termed ASP@MOF/PEG-HA,showed efficient uptake by drug-resistant T-ALL cells.The p Hsensitive zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8)based metal-organic framework(MOF)nanoparticles allowed the encapsulated ASP to significantly increase cytotoxicity against T-ALL cells.Furthermore,HA's ability to bind to T-ALL cells with elevated CD44 expression further induced apoptosis in CD44^(+) T-ALL cells with poor prognosis.In animal models,the nanoparticles improved survival rates and reduced the burden of leukemia,demonstrating substantial anti-leukemia effects.Thus,these nanoparticles offer an effective treatment approach for drug-resistant T-ALL cells characterized by increased CD44 expression.展开更多
Hypersonic morphing vehicle(HMV)can reconfigure aerodynamic geometries in real time,adapting to diverse needs like multi-mission profiles and wide-speed-range flight,spanwise morphing and sweep angle variation are rep...Hypersonic morphing vehicle(HMV)can reconfigure aerodynamic geometries in real time,adapting to diverse needs like multi-mission profiles and wide-speed-range flight,spanwise morphing and sweep angle variation are representative large-scale wing reconfiguration modes.To meet the HMV's need for an increased lift and a lift to drag ratio during hypersonic maneuverability and cruise or reentry equilibrium glide,this paper proposes an innovative single-DOF coupled morphing-wing system.We then systematically analyze its open-loop kinematics and closed-loop connectivity constraints,and the proposed system integrates three functional modules:the preset locking/release mechanism,the coupled morphing-wing mechanism,and the integrated wing locking with active stiffness control mechanism.Experimental validation confirms stable,continuous morphing under simulated aerodynamic loads.The experimental results indicate:(i)SMA actuators exhibit response times ranging from 18 s to 160 s,providing sufficient force output for wing unlocking;(ii)The integrated wing locking with active stiffness control mechanism effectively secures wing positions while eliminating airframe clearance via SMA actuation,improving the first-order natural frequency by more than 17%;(iii)The distributed aerodynamic loading system enables precise multi-stage follow-up loading during morphing,with the coupled morphing wing maintaining stable,continuous operation under 0-3500 N normal loads and 110-140 N axial force.The proposed single-DOF coupled morphing mechanism not only simplifies and improves structural efficiency but also demonstrates superior performance in locking control,stiffness enhancement,and aerodynamic responsiveness.This establishes a foundational framework for the design of future intelligent morphing configurations and the implementation of flight control systems.展开更多
Conventional locking/release mechanisms often face challenges in aircraft wing separation processes,such as excessive impact loads and insufficient synchronization.These may cause structural damage to the airframe or ...Conventional locking/release mechanisms often face challenges in aircraft wing separation processes,such as excessive impact loads and insufficient synchronization.These may cause structural damage to the airframe or attitude instability,seriously compromising mission reliability.To address this engineering challenge,this paper proposes a multi-point low-impact locking/release mechanism based on the mobility model and energy conversion strategy.Through establishing a DOF constraint framework system,this paper systematically analyzes the energy transfer and conversion characteristics during the wing separation process,reveals the generation mechanism of impact loads,and conducts research on low-impact design based on energy conversion strategy.Building on this foundation,a single-point locking/release mechanism employing parallel trapezoidal key shaft structure was designed,which increases frictional contact time and reduces the energy release rate,thereby achieving low-impact characteristics.The mechanism's performance was validated through physical prototype development and systematic functional testing(including unlocking force,synchronization,and impact tests).Experimental results demonstrate:(1)Under 14 kN preload condition,the maximum unlocking force was only 92.54 N,showing a linear relationship with preload that satisfies the"strong-connection/weak-unlock"design requirement;(2)Wing separation was completed within 46 ms,with synchronization time difference among three separation mechanisms stably controlled within 12-14 ms,proving rapid and reliable operation;(3)The unlocking impact acceleration ranged between 26 and 73 g,below the 100 g design limit,confirming the effectiveness of the energy conversion strategy.The proposed low-impact locking/release mechanism design method based on energy conversion strategy resolves the traditional challenges of high impact and synchronization deficiencies.The synergistic optimization mechanism of"structural load reduction and performance improvement"provides a highly reliable technical solution for wing separable mechanisms while offering novel design insights for wing connection/separation systems engineering.展开更多
Polyurethane elastomers exhibit high dielectric constants owing to their polar groups,and can be used as energy storage capacitors.Energy storage depends not only on the dielectric constant but also on the dielectric ...Polyurethane elastomers exhibit high dielectric constants owing to their polar groups,and can be used as energy storage capacitors.Energy storage depends not only on the dielectric constant but also on the dielectric loss.However,the relationship between chain structure and dielectric properties is not yet clear.Ketal-containing crosslinked polyurethane elastomers were prepared using cyclic ketal diol as a chain extender.The effect of the soft segment length on the dielectric properties and energy storage was investigated.The cause of the change in the dipolar polarization with the soft segment length was analyzed.As the soft segment length increased,the hard-soft hydrogen bonding decreased,whereas the hard-hard hydrogen bonding increased.Under the action of an electric field,the polar bonds in the ketal-containing polyurethane elastomer overcome the hydrogen bonding between hard-soft segments to produce polarization;meanwhile,they also experience crankshaft motions to generate polarization.The former has a relatively high relaxation activation energy of approximately 10-20 k J·mol^(-1),resulting in a large dielectric loss.The latter has a relatively low relaxation activation energy,approximately 0.7-1.7 kJ·mol^(-1),leading to low dielectric loss.As a result,the dielectric constant showed a decreasing trend,and the dielectric loss gradually decreased.This study provides a theoretical foundation for improving the dielectric properties of polyurethane elastomers.展开更多
Seawater zinc-air batteries are promising energy storage devices due to their high energy density and utilization of seawater electrolytes.However,their efficiency is hindered by the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction...Seawater zinc-air batteries are promising energy storage devices due to their high energy density and utilization of seawater electrolytes.However,their efficiency is hindered by the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and chlorideinduced degradation over conventional catalysts.In this study,we proposed a universal synthetic strategy to construct heteroatom axially coordinated Fe–N_(4) single-atom seawater catalyst materials(Cl–Fe–N_(4) and S–Fe–N_(4)).X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirmed their five-coordinated square pyramidal structure.Systematic evaluation of catalytic activities revealed that compared with S–Fe–N_(4),Cl–Fe–N_(4) exhibits smaller electrochemical active surface area and specific surface area,yet demonstrates higher limiting current density(5.8 mA cm^(−2)).The assembled zinc-air batteries using Cl–Fe–N_(4) showed superior power density(187.7 mW cm^(−2) at 245.1 mA cm^(−2)),indicating that Cl axial coordination more effectively enhances the intrinsic ORR activity.Moreover,Cl–Fe–N_(4) demonstrates stronger Cl−poisoning resistance in seawater environments.Chronoamperometry tests and zinc-air battery cycling performance evaluations confirmed its enhanced stability.Density functional theory calculations revealed that the introduction of heteroatoms in the axial direction regulates the electron center of Fe single atom,leading to more active reaction intermediates and increased electron density of Fe single sites,thereby enhancing the reduction in adsorbed intermediates and hence the overall ORR catalytic activity.展开更多
The Fengcheng Formation is a crucial source rock and the primary reservoir for oil accumulation in the Mahu Sag.Crude oils are distributed throughout the Fengcheng Formation,ranging from the edge to the interior of th...The Fengcheng Formation is a crucial source rock and the primary reservoir for oil accumulation in the Mahu Sag.Crude oils are distributed throughout the Fengcheng Formation,ranging from the edge to the interior of the sag in the southern Mahu Sag.These crude oils originate from in-situ source rocks in shallowly buried areas and the inner deep sag.During migration,the crude oil from the inner deep sag affects the source rocks close to carrier beds,leading to changes in the organic geochemical characteristics of the source rocks.These changes might alter source rock evaluations and oil-source correlation.Based on data such as total organic carbon(TOC),Rock-Eval pyrolysis of source rocks,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)of the saturated fraction,and considering the geological characteristics of the study area,we define the identification characteristics of source rock affected by migrated hydrocarbons and establish the various patterns of influence that migrated hydrocarbons have on the source rock of the Fengcheng Formation in the southern Mahu Sag.The source rocks of the Fengcheng Formation are mostly fair to good,containing mainly Type II organic matter and being thermally mature enough to generate oil.Source rocks affected by migrated hydrocarbons exhibit relatively high hydrocarbon contents(S1/TOC>110 mg HC/g TOC,Extract/TOC>30%,HC:hydrocarbon),relatively low Rock-Eval Tmax values,and relatively high tricyclic terpane contents with a descending and mountain-shaped distribution.Furthermore,biomarker composition parameters indicate a higher thermal maturity than in-situ source rocks.Through a comparison of the extract biomarker fingerprints of adjacent reservoirs and mudstones in different boreholes,three types of influence patterns of migrated hydrocarbons are identified:the edge-influence of thin sandstone-thick mudstone,the mixed-influence of sandstone-mudstone interbedded,and the full-influence of thick sandstone-thin mudstone.This finding reminds us that the influence of migrated hydrocarbons must be considered when evaluating source rocks and conducting oil-source correlation.展开更多
Pear(Pyrus bretschneideri)fruit stone cells are primarily composed of lignin and have strongly lignified cell walls.The presence of stone cells has a negative influence on fruit texture and taste,and thus the reductio...Pear(Pyrus bretschneideri)fruit stone cells are primarily composed of lignin and have strongly lignified cell walls.The presence of stone cells has a negative influence on fruit texture and taste,and thus the reduction of stone cell content in pear fruit is a key goal of breeding efforts.However,research into the key transcription factors and regulatory networks associated with pear fruit stone cell formation have been limited.We here used a combination of co-expression network and expression quantitative trait locus(eQTL)analyses in 206 pear cultivars with different stone cell contents to identify relevant genes;these analyses uncovered the gene PbrMYB4,a R2R3 MYB transcription factor gene.There was a strong positive correlation between relative PbrMYB4 expression levels in the fruit flesh and stone cell/lignin contents.Overexpression of PbrMYB4 significantly increased the lignin contents,whereas silencing of PbrMYB4 had the opposite effect,decreasing the contents of lignin.PbrMYB4 overexpression in pear calli significantly promoted lignin biosynthesis.In Arabidopsis thaliana,PbrMYB4 overexpression resulted in increasing lignin deposition,cell wall thickness of vessels and xylary fiber,and accelerating expression level of lignin biosynthetic genes.PbrMYB4 was found to activate 4-Coumarate:Coenzyme A Ligase(Pbr4CL1)by binding to AC-I elements in the promoter regions,as demonstrated with dual-luciferase reporter assays and a yeast one-hybrid assay.These results demonstrated that PbrMYB4 positively regulated lignin biosynthesis in pear fruit stone cells by activating lignin biosynthesis genes.This study improves our understanding of the gene regulatory networks associated with stone cell formation in pear fruit,providing guidance for molecular breeding of pear varieties with low stone cell content.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> In view of the shallow buried depth of the target layer and it is difficult to obtain high-quality seismic data of HCX gas storage project, based on the acquisition pa...<div style="text-align:justify;"> In view of the shallow buried depth of the target layer and it is difficult to obtain high-quality seismic data of HCX gas storage project, based on the acquisition parameters of the adjacent area, the 3D acquisition technical scheme is designed for focusing on the imaging of the top of HCX high-steep anticline. By optimizing the acquisition parameters and the excitation and receiving conditions, the acquisition of high-resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio seismic data is guaranteed to meet the demand of fracture prediction and reservoir prediction. </div>展开更多
Development of efficient and stable metal catalysts for the selective aqueous phase hydrodeoxygenation(HDO)of biomass-derived oxygenates to value-added biofuels is highly desired.An innovative surface microenvironment...Development of efficient and stable metal catalysts for the selective aqueous phase hydrodeoxygenation(HDO)of biomass-derived oxygenates to value-added biofuels is highly desired.An innovative surface microenvironment modulation strategy was used to construct the nitrogen-doped hollow carbon sphere encapsulated with Pd(Pd@NHCS-X,X:600–800)nanoreactors for catalytic HDO of biomass-derived vanillin in water.The specific surface microenvironments of Pd@NHCS catalysts including the electronic property of active Pd centers and the surface wettability and porous structure of NHCS supports could be well-controlled by the calcination temperature of catalysts.Intrinsic kinetic evaluations demonstrated that the Pd@NHCS-600 catalyst presented a high turnover frequency of 337.77 h^(–1)and a low apparent activation energy of 18.63 kJ/mol.The excellent catalytic HDO performance was attributed to the unique surface microenvironment of Pd@NHCS catalyst based on structure-performance relationship analysis and DFT calculations.It revealed that pyridinic N species dominated the electronic property regulation of Pd sites through electronic metal-support interaction(EMSI)and produced numerous electron-rich active Pd centers,which not only intensified the dissociation and activation of H2 molecules,but also substantially improved the activation capability of vanillin via the enhanced adsorption of–C=O group.The fine hydrophilicity and abundant porous structure promoted the uniform dispersion of catalyst and ensured the effective access of reactants to catalytic active centers in water.Additionally,the Pd@NHCS-600 catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic stability and broad substrate applicability for the selective aqueous phase HDO of various biomass-derived carbonyl compounds.The proposed surface microenvironment modulation strategy will provide a new consideration for the rational design of high-performance nitrogen-doped carbon-supported metal catalysts for catalytic biomass transformation.展开更多
Aim:To evaluate the impact of professional training on pediatric outpatient nurses’cognition and attitudes towards the use of clown therapy,and to assess its clinical applicability.Design:A pre-and post-training eval...Aim:To evaluate the impact of professional training on pediatric outpatient nurses’cognition and attitudes towards the use of clown therapy,and to assess its clinical applicability.Design:A pre-and post-training evaluation study.Methods:A total of 31 pediatric outpatient nurses participated in the study,completing a self-designed 15-item questionnaire focused on clown therapy.The questionnaires were administered both before and after a structured training program.The assessment aimed to measure changes in nurses’knowledge and attitudes toward clown therapy.Results:The results indicated a statistically significant improvement in the nurses’cognition following the training(mean score post-training:8.55 vs pre-training:7.71,p=0.003).Conclusion:Notably,the training also eliminated the age-related differences in cognition observed prior to the intervention.Furthermore,nurses expressed more positive attitudes toward the clinical implementation of clown therapy post-training.展开更多
Pyrus pyrifolia,commonly known as sand pear,is a key economic fruit tree in temperate regions that possesses highly diverse germplasm resources for pear quality improvement.However,research on the relationship between...Pyrus pyrifolia,commonly known as sand pear,is a key economic fruit tree in temperate regions that possesses highly diverse germplasm resources for pear quality improvement.However,research on the relationship between resistance and fruit quality traits in the breeding of fruit species like pear is limited.Pan-transcriptomes effectively capture genetic information from coding regions and reflect variations in gene expression between individuals.Here,we constructed a pan-transcriptome based on 506 samples from different tissues of sand pear,and explored the intrinsic relationships among phenotypes and the selection for disease resistance during improvement based on expression presence/absence variations(eP AVs).The pan-transcriptome in this study contains 156,744 transcripts,among which the novel transcripts showed significant enrichment in the defense response.Interestingly,disease resistance genes are highly expressed in landraces of pear but have been selected against during the improvement of this perennial tree species.We found that the genetically diverse landraces can be divided into two subgroups and inferred that they have undergone different dispersal processes.Through co-expression network analysis,we confirmed that the formation of stone cells in pears,the synthesis of fruit anthocyanins,and the ability to resist stress are interrelated.They are jointly regulated by several modules,and the expression of regulatory genes has significant correlations with these three processes.Moreover,we identified candidate genes such as HKL1 that may affect sugar content and are missing from the reference genome.This study provides insights into the associations between complex fruit traits,while providing a database resource for pear disease resistance and fruit quality breeding.展开更多
The advent of targeted T-cell therapy,with chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cell therapy as the most prominent example,has yielded significant clinical efficacy for both relapsed and refractory hematological malignanci...The advent of targeted T-cell therapy,with chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cell therapy as the most prominent example,has yielded significant clinical efficacy for both relapsed and refractory hematological malignancies.However,this form of T-cell immunotherapy is often accompanied by severe systemic toxicities,suboptimal response rates,and host immune rejection in clinical sethings,which detracts from its therapeutic utility.展开更多
Covert unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)communication has garnered considerable attention in wireless systems for realizing the sustainable low-altitude economy(LAE).This paper investigates the system policy,trajectory des...Covert unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)communication has garnered considerable attention in wireless systems for realizing the sustainable low-altitude economy(LAE).This paper investigates the system policy,trajectory design,and resource allocation for energy-efficient aerial networked systems with the aid of an integrated sensing and communications(ISAC)framework,in which multiple UAVs are employed to simultaneously conduct cooperative sensing and covert downlink transmissions to multiple ground users(GUs)in the presence of a mobile warden(Willie).Specifically,to improve the communication covertness,UAVs are strategically switched between jamming(JUAV)and information(IUAV)modes.Additionally,to cope with the mobility of Willie,an unscented Kalman filtering(UKF)-based method is employed to track and predict Willie’s location relying on the delay and Doppler measurements extracted from the ISAC echoes.Capitalizing on the predicted Willie’s location,a real-time energy efficiency(EE)maximization problem is formulated by jointly optimizing the JUAV selection strategy,IUAV-GU scheduling,communication/jamming power allocation,and UAV trajectories design.The formulation takes into account the communication covertness requirement and the maximum transmit power budget,leading to a mixed-integer non-convex fractional programming.To tackle this challenge,the alternating optimization(AO)approach is adopted,which decomposes the original problem into a series of sub-problems,allowing us to obtain an efficient sub-optimal solution.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is capable of tracking Willie accurately and offering excellent system EE performance compared to various benchmark schemes adopting existing designs.展开更多
Bacterial infections have always been a major threat to human health.Skin wounds are frequently exposed to the external environment,and they may become contaminated by bacteria derived from the surrounding skin,the lo...Bacterial infections have always been a major threat to human health.Skin wounds are frequently exposed to the external environment,and they may become contaminated by bacteria derived from the surrounding skin,the local environment,and the patient’s own endogenous sources.Contaminated wounds may enter a state of chronic inflammation that impedes healing.Urgent development of antibacterial wound dressings capable of effectively combating bacteria and overcoming resistance is necessary.Nanotechnology and nanomaterials present promising potential as innovative strategies for antimicrobial wound dressings,owing to their robust antibacterial characteristics and the inherent advantage of avoiding antibiotic resistance.Therefore,this review provides a concise overview of the antimicrobial mechanisms exhibited by low-dimensional nanomaterials.It further categorizes common low-dimensional antimicrobial nanomaterials into zero-dimensional(0D),one-dimensional(1D)and two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials based on their structural characteristics,and gives a detailed compendium of the latest research advances and applications of different low-dimensional antimicrobial nanomaterials in wound healing,which could be helpful for the development of more effective wound dressings.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common malignant tumours of the digestive system worldwide.The expression of Ki-67 is crucial for the diagnosis,treatment,and prognostic evaluation of HCC.AIM...BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common malignant tumours of the digestive system worldwide.The expression of Ki-67 is crucial for the diagnosis,treatment,and prognostic evaluation of HCC.AIM To construct a machine learning model for the preoperative evaluation of Ki-67 expression in HCC and to assist in clinical decision-making.METHODS This study included 164 pathologically confirmed HCC patients.Radiomic features were extracted from the computed tomography images reconstructed by superresolution of the intratumoral and peritumoral regions.Features were selected via the intraclass correlation coefficient,t tests,Pearson correlation coeffi-cients and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression methods,and models were constructed via various machine learning methods.The best model was selected,and the radiomics score(Radscore)was calculated.A nomogram incorporating the Radscore and clinical risk factors was constructed.The predictive performance of each model was evaluated via receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and calibration curves,and decision curve analysis was used to assess the clinical benefits.RESULTS In total,164 HCC patients,namely,104 patients with high Ki-67 expression and 60 with low Ki-67 expression,were included.Compared with the models in which only intratumoral or peritumoral features were used,the fusion model in which intratumoral and peritumoral features were combined demonstrated stronger predictive ability.Moreover,the clinical-radiomics model including the Radscore and clinical features had higher predictive performance than did the fusion model(area under the ROC curve=0.848 vs 0.780 in the training group,area under the ROC curve=0.830 vs 0.760 in the validation group).The calibration curve showed good consistency between the predicted probability and the actual probability,and the decision curve further confirmed its clinical benefit.CONCLUSION A machine learning model based on the radiomic features of the intratumoral and peritumoral regions on superres-olution computed tomography in conjunction with clinical factors can accurately evaluate Ki-67 expression.The model provides valuable assistance in selecting treatment strategies for HCC patients and contributes to research on neoadjuvant therapy for liver cancer.展开更多
An article recently published in the World Journal of Diabetes,provides valuable insights into using immune biomarkers to identify renal damage in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes(T1D).Although ...An article recently published in the World Journal of Diabetes,provides valuable insights into using immune biomarkers to identify renal damage in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes(T1D).Although these findings are promising,clinical translation of these immune markers into routine diagnostics and preventive care remains challenging.In this letter,we propose building on the authors’work by exploring the integration of immune biomarkers into a more comprehensive dynamic risk stratification model for early renal injury.Com-bining immune system indicators with metabolic and genetic factors could enhance the predictive accuracy and support more personalized interventions.Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate temporal changes in immune biomarkers and their association with long-term renal outcomes in children with T1Ds.Immunomodulatory therapies targeting early immune dysfunction can prevent or slow the progression of diabetic nephropathy.By incorporating these aspects,we hope to translate immune biomarkers from research into practical clinical tools,ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing the burden of kidney-related complications in pediatric diabetes.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2018YFA0108602the CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine,No.2021-1-I2M-019National High-Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding,No.2022-PUMCH-C-042(all to XB)。
文摘Ischemic stroke is a significant global health crisis,frequently resulting in disability or death,with limited therapeutic interventions available.Although various intrinsic reparative processes are initiated within the ischemic brain,these mechanisms are often insufficient to restore neuronal functionality.This has led to intensive investigation into the use of exogenous stem cells as a potential therapeutic option.This comprehensive review outlines the ontogeny and mechanisms of activation of endogenous neural stem cells within the adult brain following ischemic events,with focus on the impact of stem cell-based therapies on neural stem cells.Exogenous stem cells have been shown to enhance the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells via direct cell-tocell contact and through the secretion of growth factors and exosomes.Additionally,implanted stem cells may recruit host stem cells from their niches to the infarct area by establishing so-called“biobridges.”Furthermore,xenogeneic and allogeneic stem cells can modify the microenvironment of the infarcted brain tissue through immunomodulatory and angiogenic effects,thereby supporting endogenous neuroregeneration.Given the convergence of regulatory pathways between exogenous and endogenous stem cells and the necessity for a supportive microenvironment,we discuss three strategies to simultaneously enhance the therapeutic efficacy of both cell types.These approaches include:(1)co-administration of various growth factors and pharmacological agents alongside stem cell transplantation to reduce stem cell apoptosis;(2)synergistic administration of stem cells and their exosomes to amplify paracrine effects;and(3)integration of stem cells within hydrogels,which provide a protective scaffold for the implanted cells while facilitating the regeneration of neural tissue and the reconstitution of neural circuits.This comprehensive review highlights the interactions and shared regulatory mechanisms between endogenous neural stem cells and exogenously implanted stem cells and may offer new insights for improving the efficacy of stem cell-based therapies in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12402465)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2023NSFSC1284)。
文摘We investigate the effects of projectile material on high-speed penetration/perforation of Inconel 718 alloy(IN718)plates.High-speed ballistic impact tests are conducted on 2 mm-thickness IN718 plates with 5-mm-diameter stainless steel 304(SS304),Ti alloy TC4,and Al alloy AA1060 spherical projectiles.The impact processes are captured with high-speed photography.Optical and scanning electron microscopy and laser scan are conducted on recovered projectiles and targets.Finite element models of the ballistic impact are established based on the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian algorithm with the Johnson-Cook constitutive model and failure criterion,and can well reproduce the experimental results.The experimental and simulated data related to projectile dynamics,and the geometries of postmortem projectiles and bullet holes are analyzed with phenomenological models.Projectile velocity evolution can be described with hydrodynamic models of penetration.Dimensional analysis reveals a universal relationship between the bullet hole expansion coefficient and the normalized dynamic pressure,regardless of the projectile material.However,the projectile material does affect projectile deformation,bullet hole size,and energy absorption of target.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52203206,52173150,81902004)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2023A1515012193,2023A1515110025,2023A1515012575,2023A1515011962)+6 种基金Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(Nos.JCYJ20220530144605012,JCYJ20240813150438050)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2023M744090,GZC20233296)Research Start-up Fund of Post-doctoral of SAHSYSU(No.ZSQYRSFPD0071)Distinguished Young Scientists projects by Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital(No.2024E005)Guangdong International Science and Technology Cooperation Project(No.2023A0505050120)Shenzhen International Cooperative Research Project(No.GJHZ20220913142401003)Open Fund Key Project of the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research(No.GPKLDCR202201Z)。
文摘T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(T-ALL)is a common yet severe pediatric cancer treated with Lasparaginase(ASP).To boost the treatment's effectiveness and lessen its toxicity,enzyme@MOF nanoparticles were engineered with a hyaluronic acid(HA)-targeted polyethylene glycol(PEG)surface.These nanoparticles,termed ASP@MOF/PEG-HA,showed efficient uptake by drug-resistant T-ALL cells.The p Hsensitive zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8)based metal-organic framework(MOF)nanoparticles allowed the encapsulated ASP to significantly increase cytotoxicity against T-ALL cells.Furthermore,HA's ability to bind to T-ALL cells with elevated CD44 expression further induced apoptosis in CD44^(+) T-ALL cells with poor prognosis.In animal models,the nanoparticles improved survival rates and reduced the burden of leukemia,demonstrating substantial anti-leukemia effects.Thus,these nanoparticles offer an effective treatment approach for drug-resistant T-ALL cells characterized by increased CD44 expression.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52405257)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024M764201).
文摘Hypersonic morphing vehicle(HMV)can reconfigure aerodynamic geometries in real time,adapting to diverse needs like multi-mission profiles and wide-speed-range flight,spanwise morphing and sweep angle variation are representative large-scale wing reconfiguration modes.To meet the HMV's need for an increased lift and a lift to drag ratio during hypersonic maneuverability and cruise or reentry equilibrium glide,this paper proposes an innovative single-DOF coupled morphing-wing system.We then systematically analyze its open-loop kinematics and closed-loop connectivity constraints,and the proposed system integrates three functional modules:the preset locking/release mechanism,the coupled morphing-wing mechanism,and the integrated wing locking with active stiffness control mechanism.Experimental validation confirms stable,continuous morphing under simulated aerodynamic loads.The experimental results indicate:(i)SMA actuators exhibit response times ranging from 18 s to 160 s,providing sufficient force output for wing unlocking;(ii)The integrated wing locking with active stiffness control mechanism effectively secures wing positions while eliminating airframe clearance via SMA actuation,improving the first-order natural frequency by more than 17%;(iii)The distributed aerodynamic loading system enables precise multi-stage follow-up loading during morphing,with the coupled morphing wing maintaining stable,continuous operation under 0-3500 N normal loads and 110-140 N axial force.The proposed single-DOF coupled morphing mechanism not only simplifies and improves structural efficiency but also demonstrates superior performance in locking control,stiffness enhancement,and aerodynamic responsiveness.This establishes a foundational framework for the design of future intelligent morphing configurations and the implementation of flight control systems.
文摘Conventional locking/release mechanisms often face challenges in aircraft wing separation processes,such as excessive impact loads and insufficient synchronization.These may cause structural damage to the airframe or attitude instability,seriously compromising mission reliability.To address this engineering challenge,this paper proposes a multi-point low-impact locking/release mechanism based on the mobility model and energy conversion strategy.Through establishing a DOF constraint framework system,this paper systematically analyzes the energy transfer and conversion characteristics during the wing separation process,reveals the generation mechanism of impact loads,and conducts research on low-impact design based on energy conversion strategy.Building on this foundation,a single-point locking/release mechanism employing parallel trapezoidal key shaft structure was designed,which increases frictional contact time and reduces the energy release rate,thereby achieving low-impact characteristics.The mechanism's performance was validated through physical prototype development and systematic functional testing(including unlocking force,synchronization,and impact tests).Experimental results demonstrate:(1)Under 14 kN preload condition,the maximum unlocking force was only 92.54 N,showing a linear relationship with preload that satisfies the"strong-connection/weak-unlock"design requirement;(2)Wing separation was completed within 46 ms,with synchronization time difference among three separation mechanisms stably controlled within 12-14 ms,proving rapid and reliable operation;(3)The unlocking impact acceleration ranged between 26 and 73 g,below the 100 g design limit,confirming the effectiveness of the energy conversion strategy.The proposed low-impact locking/release mechanism design method based on energy conversion strategy resolves the traditional challenges of high impact and synchronization deficiencies.The synergistic optimization mechanism of"structural load reduction and performance improvement"provides a highly reliable technical solution for wing separable mechanisms while offering novel design insights for wing connection/separation systems engineering.
基金financially supported by the Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis&Reuse Technology(No.PA230102)。
文摘Polyurethane elastomers exhibit high dielectric constants owing to their polar groups,and can be used as energy storage capacitors.Energy storage depends not only on the dielectric constant but also on the dielectric loss.However,the relationship between chain structure and dielectric properties is not yet clear.Ketal-containing crosslinked polyurethane elastomers were prepared using cyclic ketal diol as a chain extender.The effect of the soft segment length on the dielectric properties and energy storage was investigated.The cause of the change in the dipolar polarization with the soft segment length was analyzed.As the soft segment length increased,the hard-soft hydrogen bonding decreased,whereas the hard-hard hydrogen bonding increased.Under the action of an electric field,the polar bonds in the ketal-containing polyurethane elastomer overcome the hydrogen bonding between hard-soft segments to produce polarization;meanwhile,they also experience crankshaft motions to generate polarization.The former has a relatively high relaxation activation energy of approximately 10-20 k J·mol^(-1),resulting in a large dielectric loss.The latter has a relatively low relaxation activation energy,approximately 0.7-1.7 kJ·mol^(-1),leading to low dielectric loss.As a result,the dielectric constant showed a decreasing trend,and the dielectric loss gradually decreased.This study provides a theoretical foundation for improving the dielectric properties of polyurethane elastomers.
基金funded by the Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52121004)the Research Development Fund(No.RDF-21-02-060)by Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University+1 种基金support received from the Suzhou Industrial Park High Quality Innovation Platform of Functional Molecular Materials and Devices(YZCXPT2023105)the XJTLU Advanced Materials Research Center(AMRC).
文摘Seawater zinc-air batteries are promising energy storage devices due to their high energy density and utilization of seawater electrolytes.However,their efficiency is hindered by the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and chlorideinduced degradation over conventional catalysts.In this study,we proposed a universal synthetic strategy to construct heteroatom axially coordinated Fe–N_(4) single-atom seawater catalyst materials(Cl–Fe–N_(4) and S–Fe–N_(4)).X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirmed their five-coordinated square pyramidal structure.Systematic evaluation of catalytic activities revealed that compared with S–Fe–N_(4),Cl–Fe–N_(4) exhibits smaller electrochemical active surface area and specific surface area,yet demonstrates higher limiting current density(5.8 mA cm^(−2)).The assembled zinc-air batteries using Cl–Fe–N_(4) showed superior power density(187.7 mW cm^(−2) at 245.1 mA cm^(−2)),indicating that Cl axial coordination more effectively enhances the intrinsic ORR activity.Moreover,Cl–Fe–N_(4) demonstrates stronger Cl−poisoning resistance in seawater environments.Chronoamperometry tests and zinc-air battery cycling performance evaluations confirmed its enhanced stability.Density functional theory calculations revealed that the introduction of heteroatoms in the axial direction regulates the electron center of Fe single atom,leading to more active reaction intermediates and increased electron density of Fe single sites,thereby enhancing the reduction in adsorbed intermediates and hence the overall ORR catalytic activity.
文摘The Fengcheng Formation is a crucial source rock and the primary reservoir for oil accumulation in the Mahu Sag.Crude oils are distributed throughout the Fengcheng Formation,ranging from the edge to the interior of the sag in the southern Mahu Sag.These crude oils originate from in-situ source rocks in shallowly buried areas and the inner deep sag.During migration,the crude oil from the inner deep sag affects the source rocks close to carrier beds,leading to changes in the organic geochemical characteristics of the source rocks.These changes might alter source rock evaluations and oil-source correlation.Based on data such as total organic carbon(TOC),Rock-Eval pyrolysis of source rocks,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)of the saturated fraction,and considering the geological characteristics of the study area,we define the identification characteristics of source rock affected by migrated hydrocarbons and establish the various patterns of influence that migrated hydrocarbons have on the source rock of the Fengcheng Formation in the southern Mahu Sag.The source rocks of the Fengcheng Formation are mostly fair to good,containing mainly Type II organic matter and being thermally mature enough to generate oil.Source rocks affected by migrated hydrocarbons exhibit relatively high hydrocarbon contents(S1/TOC>110 mg HC/g TOC,Extract/TOC>30%,HC:hydrocarbon),relatively low Rock-Eval Tmax values,and relatively high tricyclic terpane contents with a descending and mountain-shaped distribution.Furthermore,biomarker composition parameters indicate a higher thermal maturity than in-situ source rocks.Through a comparison of the extract biomarker fingerprints of adjacent reservoirs and mudstones in different boreholes,three types of influence patterns of migrated hydrocarbons are identified:the edge-influence of thin sandstone-thick mudstone,the mixed-influence of sandstone-mudstone interbedded,and the full-influence of thick sandstone-thin mudstone.This finding reminds us that the influence of migrated hydrocarbons must be considered when evaluating source rocks and conducting oil-source correlation.
基金funded by the Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32230097)Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(Grant No.CARS-28)+2 种基金the Earmarked Fund for Jiangsu Agricultural Industry Technology System(Grant No.JATS[2023]412)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Young Scholar(Grant No.BK20221010)supported by the high-performance computing platform of Bioinformatics Center,Nanjing Agricultural University。
文摘Pear(Pyrus bretschneideri)fruit stone cells are primarily composed of lignin and have strongly lignified cell walls.The presence of stone cells has a negative influence on fruit texture and taste,and thus the reduction of stone cell content in pear fruit is a key goal of breeding efforts.However,research into the key transcription factors and regulatory networks associated with pear fruit stone cell formation have been limited.We here used a combination of co-expression network and expression quantitative trait locus(eQTL)analyses in 206 pear cultivars with different stone cell contents to identify relevant genes;these analyses uncovered the gene PbrMYB4,a R2R3 MYB transcription factor gene.There was a strong positive correlation between relative PbrMYB4 expression levels in the fruit flesh and stone cell/lignin contents.Overexpression of PbrMYB4 significantly increased the lignin contents,whereas silencing of PbrMYB4 had the opposite effect,decreasing the contents of lignin.PbrMYB4 overexpression in pear calli significantly promoted lignin biosynthesis.In Arabidopsis thaliana,PbrMYB4 overexpression resulted in increasing lignin deposition,cell wall thickness of vessels and xylary fiber,and accelerating expression level of lignin biosynthetic genes.PbrMYB4 was found to activate 4-Coumarate:Coenzyme A Ligase(Pbr4CL1)by binding to AC-I elements in the promoter regions,as demonstrated with dual-luciferase reporter assays and a yeast one-hybrid assay.These results demonstrated that PbrMYB4 positively regulated lignin biosynthesis in pear fruit stone cells by activating lignin biosynthesis genes.This study improves our understanding of the gene regulatory networks associated with stone cell formation in pear fruit,providing guidance for molecular breeding of pear varieties with low stone cell content.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> In view of the shallow buried depth of the target layer and it is difficult to obtain high-quality seismic data of HCX gas storage project, based on the acquisition parameters of the adjacent area, the 3D acquisition technical scheme is designed for focusing on the imaging of the top of HCX high-steep anticline. By optimizing the acquisition parameters and the excitation and receiving conditions, the acquisition of high-resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio seismic data is guaranteed to meet the demand of fracture prediction and reservoir prediction. </div>
文摘Development of efficient and stable metal catalysts for the selective aqueous phase hydrodeoxygenation(HDO)of biomass-derived oxygenates to value-added biofuels is highly desired.An innovative surface microenvironment modulation strategy was used to construct the nitrogen-doped hollow carbon sphere encapsulated with Pd(Pd@NHCS-X,X:600–800)nanoreactors for catalytic HDO of biomass-derived vanillin in water.The specific surface microenvironments of Pd@NHCS catalysts including the electronic property of active Pd centers and the surface wettability and porous structure of NHCS supports could be well-controlled by the calcination temperature of catalysts.Intrinsic kinetic evaluations demonstrated that the Pd@NHCS-600 catalyst presented a high turnover frequency of 337.77 h^(–1)and a low apparent activation energy of 18.63 kJ/mol.The excellent catalytic HDO performance was attributed to the unique surface microenvironment of Pd@NHCS catalyst based on structure-performance relationship analysis and DFT calculations.It revealed that pyridinic N species dominated the electronic property regulation of Pd sites through electronic metal-support interaction(EMSI)and produced numerous electron-rich active Pd centers,which not only intensified the dissociation and activation of H2 molecules,but also substantially improved the activation capability of vanillin via the enhanced adsorption of–C=O group.The fine hydrophilicity and abundant porous structure promoted the uniform dispersion of catalyst and ensured the effective access of reactants to catalytic active centers in water.Additionally,the Pd@NHCS-600 catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic stability and broad substrate applicability for the selective aqueous phase HDO of various biomass-derived carbonyl compounds.The proposed surface microenvironment modulation strategy will provide a new consideration for the rational design of high-performance nitrogen-doped carbon-supported metal catalysts for catalytic biomass transformation.
文摘Aim:To evaluate the impact of professional training on pediatric outpatient nurses’cognition and attitudes towards the use of clown therapy,and to assess its clinical applicability.Design:A pre-and post-training evaluation study.Methods:A total of 31 pediatric outpatient nurses participated in the study,completing a self-designed 15-item questionnaire focused on clown therapy.The questionnaires were administered both before and after a structured training program.The assessment aimed to measure changes in nurses’knowledge and attitudes toward clown therapy.Results:The results indicated a statistically significant improvement in the nurses’cognition following the training(mean score post-training:8.55 vs pre-training:7.71,p=0.003).Conclusion:Notably,the training also eliminated the age-related differences in cognition observed prior to the intervention.Furthermore,nurses expressed more positive attitudes toward the clinical implementation of clown therapy post-training.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(32230097)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1200503)+2 种基金the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-28)the earmarked fund for Jiangsu Agricultural Industry Technology System(JATS[2023]412)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Young Scholar,China(BK20221010)。
文摘Pyrus pyrifolia,commonly known as sand pear,is a key economic fruit tree in temperate regions that possesses highly diverse germplasm resources for pear quality improvement.However,research on the relationship between resistance and fruit quality traits in the breeding of fruit species like pear is limited.Pan-transcriptomes effectively capture genetic information from coding regions and reflect variations in gene expression between individuals.Here,we constructed a pan-transcriptome based on 506 samples from different tissues of sand pear,and explored the intrinsic relationships among phenotypes and the selection for disease resistance during improvement based on expression presence/absence variations(eP AVs).The pan-transcriptome in this study contains 156,744 transcripts,among which the novel transcripts showed significant enrichment in the defense response.Interestingly,disease resistance genes are highly expressed in landraces of pear but have been selected against during the improvement of this perennial tree species.We found that the genetically diverse landraces can be divided into two subgroups and inferred that they have undergone different dispersal processes.Through co-expression network analysis,we confirmed that the formation of stone cells in pears,the synthesis of fruit anthocyanins,and the ability to resist stress are interrelated.They are jointly regulated by several modules,and the expression of regulatory genes has significant correlations with these three processes.Moreover,we identified candidate genes such as HKL1 that may affect sugar content and are missing from the reference genome.This study provides insights into the associations between complex fruit traits,while providing a database resource for pear disease resistance and fruit quality breeding.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52173150)the Guangzhou Science and Technology Program City-University Joint Funding Project(2023A03J0001)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20233297)。
文摘The advent of targeted T-cell therapy,with chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cell therapy as the most prominent example,has yielded significant clinical efficacy for both relapsed and refractory hematological malignancies.However,this form of T-cell immunotherapy is often accompanied by severe systemic toxicities,suboptimal response rates,and host immune rejection in clinical sethings,which detracts from its therapeutic utility.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62101232 and 62471208)in part by the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2024A151510098)+4 种基金in part by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program,China(No.JCYJ20220530114412029)in part by Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics and Computer Vision,China(No.ZDSYS20220330160557001)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62301206)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LQ24F010005)the Starting Research Fund from the Hangzhou Normal University,China(No.4115C50222204114).
文摘Covert unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)communication has garnered considerable attention in wireless systems for realizing the sustainable low-altitude economy(LAE).This paper investigates the system policy,trajectory design,and resource allocation for energy-efficient aerial networked systems with the aid of an integrated sensing and communications(ISAC)framework,in which multiple UAVs are employed to simultaneously conduct cooperative sensing and covert downlink transmissions to multiple ground users(GUs)in the presence of a mobile warden(Willie).Specifically,to improve the communication covertness,UAVs are strategically switched between jamming(JUAV)and information(IUAV)modes.Additionally,to cope with the mobility of Willie,an unscented Kalman filtering(UKF)-based method is employed to track and predict Willie’s location relying on the delay and Doppler measurements extracted from the ISAC echoes.Capitalizing on the predicted Willie’s location,a real-time energy efficiency(EE)maximization problem is formulated by jointly optimizing the JUAV selection strategy,IUAV-GU scheduling,communication/jamming power allocation,and UAV trajectories design.The formulation takes into account the communication covertness requirement and the maximum transmit power budget,leading to a mixed-integer non-convex fractional programming.To tackle this challenge,the alternating optimization(AO)approach is adopted,which decomposes the original problem into a series of sub-problems,allowing us to obtain an efficient sub-optimal solution.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is capable of tracking Willie accurately and offering excellent system EE performance compared to various benchmark schemes adopting existing designs.
基金financially supportsed by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52173150)Guangzhou Science and Technology Program City-University Joint Funding Project(No.2023A03J0001)Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M723670).
文摘Bacterial infections have always been a major threat to human health.Skin wounds are frequently exposed to the external environment,and they may become contaminated by bacteria derived from the surrounding skin,the local environment,and the patient’s own endogenous sources.Contaminated wounds may enter a state of chronic inflammation that impedes healing.Urgent development of antibacterial wound dressings capable of effectively combating bacteria and overcoming resistance is necessary.Nanotechnology and nanomaterials present promising potential as innovative strategies for antimicrobial wound dressings,owing to their robust antibacterial characteristics and the inherent advantage of avoiding antibiotic resistance.Therefore,this review provides a concise overview of the antimicrobial mechanisms exhibited by low-dimensional nanomaterials.It further categorizes common low-dimensional antimicrobial nanomaterials into zero-dimensional(0D),one-dimensional(1D)and two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials based on their structural characteristics,and gives a detailed compendium of the latest research advances and applications of different low-dimensional antimicrobial nanomaterials in wound healing,which could be helpful for the development of more effective wound dressings.
基金Supported by the Joint Science and Technology Plan Project of Liaoning Province,China,No.2024JH2/102600291。
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common malignant tumours of the digestive system worldwide.The expression of Ki-67 is crucial for the diagnosis,treatment,and prognostic evaluation of HCC.AIM To construct a machine learning model for the preoperative evaluation of Ki-67 expression in HCC and to assist in clinical decision-making.METHODS This study included 164 pathologically confirmed HCC patients.Radiomic features were extracted from the computed tomography images reconstructed by superresolution of the intratumoral and peritumoral regions.Features were selected via the intraclass correlation coefficient,t tests,Pearson correlation coeffi-cients and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression methods,and models were constructed via various machine learning methods.The best model was selected,and the radiomics score(Radscore)was calculated.A nomogram incorporating the Radscore and clinical risk factors was constructed.The predictive performance of each model was evaluated via receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and calibration curves,and decision curve analysis was used to assess the clinical benefits.RESULTS In total,164 HCC patients,namely,104 patients with high Ki-67 expression and 60 with low Ki-67 expression,were included.Compared with the models in which only intratumoral or peritumoral features were used,the fusion model in which intratumoral and peritumoral features were combined demonstrated stronger predictive ability.Moreover,the clinical-radiomics model including the Radscore and clinical features had higher predictive performance than did the fusion model(area under the ROC curve=0.848 vs 0.780 in the training group,area under the ROC curve=0.830 vs 0.760 in the validation group).The calibration curve showed good consistency between the predicted probability and the actual probability,and the decision curve further confirmed its clinical benefit.CONCLUSION A machine learning model based on the radiomic features of the intratumoral and peritumoral regions on superres-olution computed tomography in conjunction with clinical factors can accurately evaluate Ki-67 expression.The model provides valuable assistance in selecting treatment strategies for HCC patients and contributes to research on neoadjuvant therapy for liver cancer.
文摘An article recently published in the World Journal of Diabetes,provides valuable insights into using immune biomarkers to identify renal damage in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes(T1D).Although these findings are promising,clinical translation of these immune markers into routine diagnostics and preventive care remains challenging.In this letter,we propose building on the authors’work by exploring the integration of immune biomarkers into a more comprehensive dynamic risk stratification model for early renal injury.Com-bining immune system indicators with metabolic and genetic factors could enhance the predictive accuracy and support more personalized interventions.Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate temporal changes in immune biomarkers and their association with long-term renal outcomes in children with T1Ds.Immunomodulatory therapies targeting early immune dysfunction can prevent or slow the progression of diabetic nephropathy.By incorporating these aspects,we hope to translate immune biomarkers from research into practical clinical tools,ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing the burden of kidney-related complications in pediatric diabetes.
