In recent years,exosomes have garnered extensive attention as therapeutic agents and early diagnostic markers in neurodegenerative disease research.Exosomes are small and can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier,...In recent years,exosomes have garnered extensive attention as therapeutic agents and early diagnostic markers in neurodegenerative disease research.Exosomes are small and can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier,allowing them to target deep brain lesions.Recent studies have demonstrated that exosomes derived from different cell types may exert therapeutic effects by regulating the expression of various inflammatory cytokines,mRNAs,and disease-related proteins,thereby halting the progression of neurodegenerative diseases and exhibiting beneficial effects.However,exosomes are composed of lipid bilayer membranes and lack the ability to recognize specific target cells.This limitation can lead to side effects and toxicity when they interact with non-specific cells.Growing evidence suggests that surface-modified exosomes have enhanced targeting capabilities and can be used as targeted drug-delivery vehicles that show promising results in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.In this review,we provide an up-to-date overview of existing research aimed at devising approaches to modify exosomes and elucidating their therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases.Our findings indicate that exosomes can efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier to facilitate drug delivery and can also serve as early diagnostic markers for neurodegenerative diseases.We introduce the strategies being used to enhance exosome targeting,including genetic engineering,chemical modifications(both covalent,such as click chemistry and metabolic engineering,and non-covalent,such as polyvalent electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions,ligand-receptor binding,aptamer-based modifications,and the incorporation of CP05-anchored peptides),and nanomaterial modifications.Research into these strategies has confirmed that exosomes have significant therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases.However,several challenges remain in the clinical application of exosomes.Improvements are needed in preparation,characterization,and optimization methods,as well as in reducing the adverse reactions associated with their use.Additionally,the range of applications and the safety of exosomes require further research and evaluation.展开更多
Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological,structural,and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages.The selection of appropriate imaging examination...Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological,structural,and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages.The selection of appropriate imaging examination and comprehensive radiological diagnosis and analysis play an important role in early correction of childhood malocclusion.This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by multidisciplinary experts in dentistry across the nation based on the current clinical evidence,aiming to provide general guidance on appropriate imaging examination selection,comprehensive and accurate imaging assessment for early orthodontic treatment patients.展开更多
Neonicotinoid insecticides(NEOs)have become an integral part of the global insecticide market due to their high efficiency and low toxicity.However,their environmental persistence has raised significant ecological con...Neonicotinoid insecticides(NEOs)have become an integral part of the global insecticide market due to their high efficiency and low toxicity.However,their environmental persistence has raised significant ecological concerns.Dongting Lake represents a vital freshwater lake in China,and its ecosystem health directly affects regional ecological balance and people’s livelihoods.This study systematically investigated the occurrence characteristics and ecological risks of NEOs in water bodies and sediments across the Dongting Lake basin.Based on surface water and sediment samples collected from 26 representative sampling sites,this study quantified nine NEOs using liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.Furthermore,it assessed ecological risks posed by the NEOs using the risk quotient(RQ)method and fugacity modeling.The results revealed the presence of six NEOs in the water bodies:imidacloprid(IMI),acetamiprid(ACE),clothianidin(CLO),thiamethoxam(THIA),flonicamid(FLO),and dinotefuran(DIN).The total concentrations of these six NEOs averaged 275.11 ng/L.Five predominant NEOs(i.e.,IMI,THIA,ACE,CLO,and DIN)were identified in the sediments,with a mean concentration of 0.31 ng/g.The NEO concentrations in the water bodies across the Dongting Lake basin increased in the order of the Xiangjiang,Zishui,Yuanjiang,and Lishui rivers(collectively referred to as the Four Rivers),the mainstream of Dongting Lake,the Xinqiang River,the Miluo River,and the Hudu,Ouchi,and Songzi rivers(collectively referred to as the Three Outlets).Sediments from tributaries progressively accumulate in the lake.The ecological risk assessment identified IMI and DIN as the highest-risk compounds(RQ>1),with high-risk areas concentrated in the mainstream of Dongting Lake and the Ouchi,Miluo,and Hudu rivers.The fugacity model showed that IMI,ACE,and THIA are prone to diffuse from sediments to water bodies in most areas,with fugacity fractions(ff)values of greater than 0.5.In contrast,the mainstream of Dongting Lake acts as a sink of CLO and DIN(ff values:<0.5).Sediments at the lake’s outlet emerge as an important sink of NEOs.Based on the results of this study,it is advisable to strengthen the supervision of NEO applications in agricultural areas and to implement zonal control strategies.These measures will help reduce ecological risks and protect the safety of water ecosystems in the Dongting Lake region.展开更多
Background Medical informatics accumulated vast amounts of data for clinical diagnosis and treatment.However,limited access to follow-up data and the difficulty in integrating data across diverse platforms continue to...Background Medical informatics accumulated vast amounts of data for clinical diagnosis and treatment.However,limited access to follow-up data and the difficulty in integrating data across diverse platforms continue to pose significant barriers to clinical research progress.In response,our research team has embarked on the development of a specialized clinical research database for cardiology,thereby establishing a comprehensive digital platform that facilitates both clinical decision-making and research endeavors.Methods The database incorporated actual clinical data from patients who received treatment at the Cardiovascular Medicine Department of Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2012 to 2021.It included comprehensive data on patients'basic information,medical history,non-invasive imaging studies,laboratory test results,as well as peri-procedural information related to interventional surgeries,extracted from the Hospital Information System.Additionally,an innovative artificial intelligence(AI)-powered interactive follow-up system had been developed,ensuring that nearly all myocardial infarction patients received at least one post-discharge follow-up,thereby achieving comprehensive data management throughout the entire care continuum for highrisk patients.Results This database integrates extensive cross-sectional and longitudinal patient data,with a focus on higher-risk acute coronary syndrome patients.It achieves the integration of structured and unstructured clinical data,while innovatively incorporating AI and automatic speech recognition technologies to enhance data integration and workflow efficiency.It creates a comprehensive patient view,thereby improving diagnostic and follow-up quality,and provides high-quality data to support clinical research.Despite limitations in unstructured data standardization and biological sample integrity,the database's development is accompanied by ongoing optimization efforts.Conclusion The cardiovascular specialty clinical database is a comprehensive digital archive integrating clinical treatment and research,which facilitates the digital and intelligent transformation of clinical diagnosis and treatment processes.It supports clinical decision-making and offers data support and potential research directions for the specialized management of cardiovascular diseases.展开更多
Organic electrode materials(OEMs)have garnered great attention for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)owing to their flexible designability and sustainable resources.However,the sluggish reaction kinetics and low active s...Organic electrode materials(OEMs)have garnered great attention for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)owing to their flexible designability and sustainable resources.However,the sluggish reaction kinetics and low active site utilization have strongly restricted their development due to the competitive coordination of H^(+)and Zn^(2+)in weakly acidic zinc electrolytes.Herein,we design a symmetric naphthoquinone-based cathode,2,3-dimethoxynaphthalene-1,4-dione(DMeNQ),with rational functional groups to facilitate proton coordination chemistry and accomplish improved ability to capture with zinc ion.The carbonyl and methoxy groups on the DMeNQ construct hydrogen bond networks and serve as a“proton pump”to expedite proton conduction through the Grotthuss-type mechanism.Density functional theory calculations have visualized the formation of“ion traps,”while in situ Raman spectra have tracked the reversible evolution of the active sites.Accordingly,the DMeNQ delivers a high capacity of 245mAhg^(−1)(99.6%utilization of the active groups)and a long lifetime of 50,000 cycles at 40 C in AZIBs.In addition,the DMeNQ also possesses a superior rate capability of 85mAh g^(−1)and a satisfactory cycle life of over 150,000 cycles at 400 C in proton batteries.Our results provide an effective pathway for high-performance OEMs.展开更多
Cancer remains one of the major threats to public health.Traditional chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and other anti-tumor therapies have numerous limitations in clinical treatment.Notwithstanding the considerable advances m...Cancer remains one of the major threats to public health.Traditional chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and other anti-tumor therapies have numerous limitations in clinical treatment.Notwithstanding the considerable advances made in recent years with regard to immunotherapy in both basic research and clinical practice,there remains scope for further improvement,particularly with respect to its efficacy against solid tumors.With advancements in nanotechnology,tumor nanovaccines hold immense potential for preventing tumor recurrence and treating metastatic tumors.Nevertheless,the considerable heterogeneity of tumor immunogenicity presents a number of significant challenges in the development of nanometrescale vaccines targeting solid tumors.Recent findings indicate that immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)therapy can improve the immunosuppressive microenvironment within tumors,while nanovaccines can also augment tumor sensitivity toward ICIs.Consequently,combining tumor nanovaccine with ICI therapy holds promise for effectively eradicating tumors or controlling their recurrence and metastasis during cancer treatment.This review delves into the mechanism behind combining tumor nanovaccine with ICI while focusing on factors influencing this combined therapy approach.Moreover,it offers an overview of the current research status regarding the combination of tumor nanovaccines with chemotherapy,radiotherapy,photothermal therapy,and sonodynamic therapy,as well as prospects for future developments in this field.展开更多
Developing highly efficient and recyclable photocatalysts has been regarded as an attractive strategy to solve antibiotic contaminants.Herein,we designed and fabricated Cy-C_(3) N_(4)/TiO_(2) S-scheme heterojunction f...Developing highly efficient and recyclable photocatalysts has been regarded as an attractive strategy to solve antibiotic contaminants.Herein,we designed and fabricated Cy-C_(3) N_(4)/TiO_(2) S-scheme heterojunction film with boosted charge transfer and a highly hydrophilic surface.The as-prepared heterojunction exhibited outstanding removal efficiency on tetracyclines and fluoroquinolone antibiotics(more than 80% within 90 min).The removal rate of 300-Cy-C_(3) N_(4)/TiO_(2) on norfloxacin(NOR)was 2.12,and 1.59 times higher than that of pristine TiO_(2),C_(3) N_(4)/TiO_(2),respectively.The excellent photocatalytic performance of 300-Cy-C_(3) N_(4)/TiO_(2) was attributed to the highly hydrophilic surface and effective transfer and separation of carriers.Moreover,the NOR degradation pathways were proposed based on the results of density functional theory(DFT),and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.The toxicity assessment indicated the toxicity of intermediates can be remarkably alleviated.The DFT calculation and selective photo-deposition experiment demonstrated that an internal electric field was formed at the heterojunction interface,and the charge carriers migrated between Cy-C_(3) N_(4) and TiO_(2) following an S-scheme transfer pathway.This research not only provides a promising method for tracking charge distribution on thin-film heterojunction photocatalysts but also helps us to design high-efficiency,and recyclable heterojunctions to solve antibiotic contaminants.展开更多
Electron-positron colliders operating in the GeV center-of-mass range,or tau-charm energy region,have been proved to enable competitive frontier research due to several unique features.With the progress of high-energy...Electron-positron colliders operating in the GeV center-of-mass range,or tau-charm energy region,have been proved to enable competitive frontier research due to several unique features.With the progress of high-energy physics in the last two decades,a new-generation Tau-Charm factory,called the Super Tau-Charm Facility(STCF),has been actively promoted by the particle physics community in China.STCF has the potential to address fundamental questions such as the essence of color confinement and the matter-antimatter asymmetry within the next decades.The main design goals of the STCF are a center-of-mass energy ranging from 2 to 7 GeV and a luminosity surpassing 5×10^(34)cm^(−2)s^(−1)that is optimized at a center-of-mass energy of 4 GeV,which is approximately 50 times that of the currently operating Tau-Charm factory-BEPCII.The STCF accelerator has two main parts:a double-ring collider with a crab-waist collision scheme and an injector that provides top-up injections for both electron and positron beams.As a typical third-generation electron-positron circular collider,the STCF accelerator faces many challenges in both accelerator physics and technology.In this paper,the conceptual design of the STCF accelerator complex is presented,including the ongoing efforts and plans for technological research and develop-ment,as well as the required infrastructure.The STCF project aims to secure support from the Chinese central government for its construction during the 15th Five-Year Plan(2026-2030).展开更多
This paper presents the design and optimization of a lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate(LYSO)crystal electromagnetic calorimeter(ECAL)for the DarkSHINE experiment,which aims to identify dark photons as potential mediat...This paper presents the design and optimization of a lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate(LYSO)crystal electromagnetic calorimeter(ECAL)for the DarkSHINE experiment,which aims to identify dark photons as potential mediators of dark forces.The ECAL design was evaluated through comprehensive simulations,focusing on optimizing dimensions,material selection,energy distribution,and energy resolution.The configuration consisted of 21×21×11 LYSO crystals,each measuring 2.5 cm×2.5 cm×4 cm,arranged in a staggered layout to enhance signal detection efficiency.A 4 GeV energy dynamic range was established to ensure accurate energy measurements without saturation,which is essential for background rejection and signal identification.A detailed digitization model was developed to simulate scintillation,silicon photomultiplier,and analog-to-digital converter behaviors,providing a realistic representation of the detector's performance.Additionally,the study assessed radiation damage in the ECAL region,emphasizing the importance of using radiation-resistant scintillators and silicon sensors.展开更多
Battery safety has emerged as a critical challenge for achieving carbon neutrality,driven by the increasing frequency of thermal runaway incidents in electric vehicles(EVs)and stationary energy storage systems(ESSs).C...Battery safety has emerged as a critical challenge for achieving carbon neutrality,driven by the increasing frequency of thermal runaway incidents in electric vehicles(EVs)and stationary energy storage systems(ESSs).Conventional battery monitoring technologies struggle to track multiple physicochemical parameters in real time,hindering early hazard detection.Embedded optical fiber sensors have gained prominence as a transformative solution for next-generation smart battery sensing,owing to their micrometer size,multiplexing capability,and electromagnetic immunity.However,comprehensive reviews focusing on their advancements in operando multi-parameter monitoring remain scarce,despite their critical importance for ensuring battery safety.To address this gap,this review first introduces a classification and the fundamental principles of advanced battery-oriented optical fiber sensors.Subsequently,it summarizes recent developments in single-parameter battery monitoring using optical fiber sensors.Building on this foundation,this review presents the first comprehensive analysis of multifunctional optical fiber sensing platforms capable of simultaneously tracking temperature,strain,pressure,refractive index,and monitoring battery aging.Targeted strategies are proposed to facilitate the practical development of this technology,including optimization of sensor integration techniques,minimizing sensor invasiveness,resolving the cross-sensitivity of fiber Bragg grating(FBG)through structural innovation,enhancing techno-economics,and combining with artificial intelligence(AI).By aligning academic research with industry requirements,this review provides a methodological roadmap for developing robust optical sensing systems to ensure battery safety in decarbonization-driven applications.展开更多
Ultrasound is a powerful tool in materials processing,yet its application in constructing van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures remains under-explored.In this study,MoS_(2)and graphene—two widely studied 2D materials—w...Ultrasound is a powerful tool in materials processing,yet its application in constructing van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures remains under-explored.In this study,MoS_(2)and graphene—two widely studied 2D materials—were successfully assembled into vdW heterostructures via a convenient ultrasound-driven self-assembly approach.The morphology of the heterostructures was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),while their structural and compositional features were confirmed through x-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy,and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Red-shifted Raman peaks and decreased binding energies in XPS spectra provided strong evidence of successful heterostructure formation.A three-stage assembly mechanism—comprising dispersion,assembly,and adjustment—is proposed,with acoustic cavitation playing a key role in driving the process.This study not only demonstrates the feasibility of synthesizing 2D heterostructures via an ultrasonic route but also lays a foundation for future scalable,energy-efficient fabrication strategies.展开更多
Under the background of training practical compound talents in software engineering,this paper analyzes the problems existing in the current teaching of software engineering courses represented by software project man...Under the background of training practical compound talents in software engineering,this paper analyzes the problems existing in the current teaching of software engineering courses represented by software project management,puts forward the team task mechanism of software engineering courses with AI empowerment and cooperation and competition,develops a unified project management platform to support the implementation of team tasks,and proves the effectiveness of the scheme through the results obtained.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to better understand the occurrence status of thrips in Central Hunan,clarify thrips species,and provide a basis for scientific control.[Methods]The occurrence of thrips in the Cen...[Objectives]This study was conducted to better understand the occurrence status of thrips in Central Hunan,clarify thrips species,and provide a basis for scientific control.[Methods]The occurrence of thrips in the Central Hunan Region were investigated and analyzed.Through field collection,molecular biological identification and sequencing,thrips populations in the region were identified.[Results]Six species of thrips infesting vegetable crops were identified in the Central Hunan Region,with Megalurothrips usitatus,Thrips palmi,and Frankliniella intonsa being the dominant species.These pests were particularly severe on leguminous and cucurbit crops.[Conclusions]Combined with integrated control strategies,this study provides theoretical and technical support for the scientific management of thrips in the Central Hunan Region,ensuring the sustainable development of the local vegetable industry.展开更多
In response to the problem of improving practical abilities of students in the process of cultivating innovative talents in the field of financial technology in the specialized software college,this paper analyzes the...In response to the problem of improving practical abilities of students in the process of cultivating innovative talents in the field of financial technology in the specialized software college,this paper analyzes the characteristics and applicability of problem-based learning(PBL)method,proposes a PBL course integration design scheme for the integration of business and technology in the field of financial technology,and provides corresponding course cases.The plan described in this article has been jointly demonstrated by experts from schools and enterprises and has received good feedback.展开更多
In response to the current situation of practical teaching and the main problems in the teaching process of cultivating composite talents in the characteristic demonstration software college,this paper analyzes the im...In response to the current situation of practical teaching and the main problems in the teaching process of cultivating composite talents in the characteristic demonstration software college,this paper analyzes the importance of digital reform in practical teaching,introduces the work foundation,main work,reform characteristics,and effects of digital reform in practical teaching of composite talents in Software College of Northeastern University and lays the foundation for future in-depth research,providing reference for the digital reform of practical teaching in related majors of other colleges.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.22103055(to JG)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,No.F2024110001(to HC)Open Project of Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System,Nos.2024LODTS215(to NL),2024LODTS216(to XS).
文摘In recent years,exosomes have garnered extensive attention as therapeutic agents and early diagnostic markers in neurodegenerative disease research.Exosomes are small and can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier,allowing them to target deep brain lesions.Recent studies have demonstrated that exosomes derived from different cell types may exert therapeutic effects by regulating the expression of various inflammatory cytokines,mRNAs,and disease-related proteins,thereby halting the progression of neurodegenerative diseases and exhibiting beneficial effects.However,exosomes are composed of lipid bilayer membranes and lack the ability to recognize specific target cells.This limitation can lead to side effects and toxicity when they interact with non-specific cells.Growing evidence suggests that surface-modified exosomes have enhanced targeting capabilities and can be used as targeted drug-delivery vehicles that show promising results in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.In this review,we provide an up-to-date overview of existing research aimed at devising approaches to modify exosomes and elucidating their therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases.Our findings indicate that exosomes can efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier to facilitate drug delivery and can also serve as early diagnostic markers for neurodegenerative diseases.We introduce the strategies being used to enhance exosome targeting,including genetic engineering,chemical modifications(both covalent,such as click chemistry and metabolic engineering,and non-covalent,such as polyvalent electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions,ligand-receptor binding,aptamer-based modifications,and the incorporation of CP05-anchored peptides),and nanomaterial modifications.Research into these strategies has confirmed that exosomes have significant therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases.However,several challenges remain in the clinical application of exosomes.Improvements are needed in preparation,characterization,and optimization methods,as well as in reducing the adverse reactions associated with their use.Additionally,the range of applications and the safety of exosomes require further research and evaluation.
基金supports by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82201135)"2015"Cultivation Program for Reserve Talents for Academic Leaders of Nanjing Stomatological School,Medical School of Nanjing University(No.0223A204).
文摘Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological,structural,and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages.The selection of appropriate imaging examination and comprehensive radiological diagnosis and analysis play an important role in early correction of childhood malocclusion.This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by multidisciplinary experts in dentistry across the nation based on the current clinical evidence,aiming to provide general guidance on appropriate imaging examination selection,comprehensive and accurate imaging assessment for early orthodontic treatment patients.
基金jointly supported by project of the China Geological Survey(DD20243375,DD20230478)the Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province(2023SK2066)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2024JJ7620).
文摘Neonicotinoid insecticides(NEOs)have become an integral part of the global insecticide market due to their high efficiency and low toxicity.However,their environmental persistence has raised significant ecological concerns.Dongting Lake represents a vital freshwater lake in China,and its ecosystem health directly affects regional ecological balance and people’s livelihoods.This study systematically investigated the occurrence characteristics and ecological risks of NEOs in water bodies and sediments across the Dongting Lake basin.Based on surface water and sediment samples collected from 26 representative sampling sites,this study quantified nine NEOs using liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.Furthermore,it assessed ecological risks posed by the NEOs using the risk quotient(RQ)method and fugacity modeling.The results revealed the presence of six NEOs in the water bodies:imidacloprid(IMI),acetamiprid(ACE),clothianidin(CLO),thiamethoxam(THIA),flonicamid(FLO),and dinotefuran(DIN).The total concentrations of these six NEOs averaged 275.11 ng/L.Five predominant NEOs(i.e.,IMI,THIA,ACE,CLO,and DIN)were identified in the sediments,with a mean concentration of 0.31 ng/g.The NEO concentrations in the water bodies across the Dongting Lake basin increased in the order of the Xiangjiang,Zishui,Yuanjiang,and Lishui rivers(collectively referred to as the Four Rivers),the mainstream of Dongting Lake,the Xinqiang River,the Miluo River,and the Hudu,Ouchi,and Songzi rivers(collectively referred to as the Three Outlets).Sediments from tributaries progressively accumulate in the lake.The ecological risk assessment identified IMI and DIN as the highest-risk compounds(RQ>1),with high-risk areas concentrated in the mainstream of Dongting Lake and the Ouchi,Miluo,and Hudu rivers.The fugacity model showed that IMI,ACE,and THIA are prone to diffuse from sediments to water bodies in most areas,with fugacity fractions(ff)values of greater than 0.5.In contrast,the mainstream of Dongting Lake acts as a sink of CLO and DIN(ff values:<0.5).Sediments at the lake’s outlet emerge as an important sink of NEOs.Based on the results of this study,it is advisable to strengthen the supervision of NEO applications in agricultural areas and to implement zonal control strategies.These measures will help reduce ecological risks and protect the safety of water ecosystems in the Dongting Lake region.
基金Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD0503906)。
文摘Background Medical informatics accumulated vast amounts of data for clinical diagnosis and treatment.However,limited access to follow-up data and the difficulty in integrating data across diverse platforms continue to pose significant barriers to clinical research progress.In response,our research team has embarked on the development of a specialized clinical research database for cardiology,thereby establishing a comprehensive digital platform that facilitates both clinical decision-making and research endeavors.Methods The database incorporated actual clinical data from patients who received treatment at the Cardiovascular Medicine Department of Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2012 to 2021.It included comprehensive data on patients'basic information,medical history,non-invasive imaging studies,laboratory test results,as well as peri-procedural information related to interventional surgeries,extracted from the Hospital Information System.Additionally,an innovative artificial intelligence(AI)-powered interactive follow-up system had been developed,ensuring that nearly all myocardial infarction patients received at least one post-discharge follow-up,thereby achieving comprehensive data management throughout the entire care continuum for highrisk patients.Results This database integrates extensive cross-sectional and longitudinal patient data,with a focus on higher-risk acute coronary syndrome patients.It achieves the integration of structured and unstructured clinical data,while innovatively incorporating AI and automatic speech recognition technologies to enhance data integration and workflow efficiency.It creates a comprehensive patient view,thereby improving diagnostic and follow-up quality,and provides high-quality data to support clinical research.Despite limitations in unstructured data standardization and biological sample integrity,the database's development is accompanied by ongoing optimization efforts.Conclusion The cardiovascular specialty clinical database is a comprehensive digital archive integrating clinical treatment and research,which facilitates the digital and intelligent transformation of clinical diagnosis and treatment processes.It supports clinical decision-making and offers data support and potential research directions for the specialized management of cardiovascular diseases.
文摘Organic electrode materials(OEMs)have garnered great attention for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)owing to their flexible designability and sustainable resources.However,the sluggish reaction kinetics and low active site utilization have strongly restricted their development due to the competitive coordination of H^(+)and Zn^(2+)in weakly acidic zinc electrolytes.Herein,we design a symmetric naphthoquinone-based cathode,2,3-dimethoxynaphthalene-1,4-dione(DMeNQ),with rational functional groups to facilitate proton coordination chemistry and accomplish improved ability to capture with zinc ion.The carbonyl and methoxy groups on the DMeNQ construct hydrogen bond networks and serve as a“proton pump”to expedite proton conduction through the Grotthuss-type mechanism.Density functional theory calculations have visualized the formation of“ion traps,”while in situ Raman spectra have tracked the reversible evolution of the active sites.Accordingly,the DMeNQ delivers a high capacity of 245mAhg^(−1)(99.6%utilization of the active groups)and a long lifetime of 50,000 cycles at 40 C in AZIBs.In addition,the DMeNQ also possesses a superior rate capability of 85mAh g^(−1)and a satisfactory cycle life of over 150,000 cycles at 400 C in proton batteries.Our results provide an effective pathway for high-performance OEMs.
基金financially supported by the Key Scientific Research Project of Henan Provincial Universities in 2024(No.24A350013)the Project of Basic Research Fund of Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences(No.2024BP0202)+1 种基金the Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(No.242102311213)the Henan Province Postdoctoral Program(No.343915)。
文摘Cancer remains one of the major threats to public health.Traditional chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and other anti-tumor therapies have numerous limitations in clinical treatment.Notwithstanding the considerable advances made in recent years with regard to immunotherapy in both basic research and clinical practice,there remains scope for further improvement,particularly with respect to its efficacy against solid tumors.With advancements in nanotechnology,tumor nanovaccines hold immense potential for preventing tumor recurrence and treating metastatic tumors.Nevertheless,the considerable heterogeneity of tumor immunogenicity presents a number of significant challenges in the development of nanometrescale vaccines targeting solid tumors.Recent findings indicate that immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)therapy can improve the immunosuppressive microenvironment within tumors,while nanovaccines can also augment tumor sensitivity toward ICIs.Consequently,combining tumor nanovaccine with ICI therapy holds promise for effectively eradicating tumors or controlling their recurrence and metastasis during cancer treatment.This review delves into the mechanism behind combining tumor nanovaccine with ICI while focusing on factors influencing this combined therapy approach.Moreover,it offers an overview of the current research status regarding the combination of tumor nanovaccines with chemotherapy,radiotherapy,photothermal therapy,and sonodynamic therapy,as well as prospects for future developments in this field.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51772003 and 51701001)the Excellent Research and Innovation Team Project of Anhui Province(No.2023AH010077)the Key Research and Development Projects in Anhui Province(No.202004b11020021).
文摘Developing highly efficient and recyclable photocatalysts has been regarded as an attractive strategy to solve antibiotic contaminants.Herein,we designed and fabricated Cy-C_(3) N_(4)/TiO_(2) S-scheme heterojunction film with boosted charge transfer and a highly hydrophilic surface.The as-prepared heterojunction exhibited outstanding removal efficiency on tetracyclines and fluoroquinolone antibiotics(more than 80% within 90 min).The removal rate of 300-Cy-C_(3) N_(4)/TiO_(2) on norfloxacin(NOR)was 2.12,and 1.59 times higher than that of pristine TiO_(2),C_(3) N_(4)/TiO_(2),respectively.The excellent photocatalytic performance of 300-Cy-C_(3) N_(4)/TiO_(2) was attributed to the highly hydrophilic surface and effective transfer and separation of carriers.Moreover,the NOR degradation pathways were proposed based on the results of density functional theory(DFT),and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.The toxicity assessment indicated the toxicity of intermediates can be remarkably alleviated.The DFT calculation and selective photo-deposition experiment demonstrated that an internal electric field was formed at the heterojunction interface,and the charge carriers migrated between Cy-C_(3) N_(4) and TiO_(2) following an S-scheme transfer pathway.This research not only provides a promising method for tracking charge distribution on thin-film heterojunction photocatalysts but also helps us to design high-efficiency,and recyclable heterojunctions to solve antibiotic contaminants.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1602200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12341501 and 12405174)the Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center for the strong support on the STCF key technology research project.
文摘Electron-positron colliders operating in the GeV center-of-mass range,or tau-charm energy region,have been proved to enable competitive frontier research due to several unique features.With the progress of high-energy physics in the last two decades,a new-generation Tau-Charm factory,called the Super Tau-Charm Facility(STCF),has been actively promoted by the particle physics community in China.STCF has the potential to address fundamental questions such as the essence of color confinement and the matter-antimatter asymmetry within the next decades.The main design goals of the STCF are a center-of-mass energy ranging from 2 to 7 GeV and a luminosity surpassing 5×10^(34)cm^(−2)s^(−1)that is optimized at a center-of-mass energy of 4 GeV,which is approximately 50 times that of the currently operating Tau-Charm factory-BEPCII.The STCF accelerator has two main parts:a double-ring collider with a crab-waist collision scheme and an injector that provides top-up injections for both electron and positron beams.As a typical third-generation electron-positron circular collider,the STCF accelerator faces many challenges in both accelerator physics and technology.In this paper,the conceptual design of the STCF accelerator complex is presented,including the ongoing efforts and plans for technological research and develop-ment,as well as the required infrastructure.The STCF project aims to secure support from the Chinese central government for its construction during the 15th Five-Year Plan(2026-2030).
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2023YFA1606904 and 2023YFA1606900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12150006)+1 种基金Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University(No.21TQ1400209)National Center for High-Level Talent Training in Mathematics,Physics,Chemistry,and Biology。
文摘This paper presents the design and optimization of a lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate(LYSO)crystal electromagnetic calorimeter(ECAL)for the DarkSHINE experiment,which aims to identify dark photons as potential mediators of dark forces.The ECAL design was evaluated through comprehensive simulations,focusing on optimizing dimensions,material selection,energy distribution,and energy resolution.The configuration consisted of 21×21×11 LYSO crystals,each measuring 2.5 cm×2.5 cm×4 cm,arranged in a staggered layout to enhance signal detection efficiency.A 4 GeV energy dynamic range was established to ensure accurate energy measurements without saturation,which is essential for background rejection and signal identification.A detailed digitization model was developed to simulate scintillation,silicon photomultiplier,and analog-to-digital converter behaviors,providing a realistic representation of the detector's performance.Additionally,the study assessed radiation damage in the ECAL region,emphasizing the importance of using radiation-resistant scintillators and silicon sensors.
基金the financial supports of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52372200)a project supported by the State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures(No.MCAS-S-0324G01)。
文摘Battery safety has emerged as a critical challenge for achieving carbon neutrality,driven by the increasing frequency of thermal runaway incidents in electric vehicles(EVs)and stationary energy storage systems(ESSs).Conventional battery monitoring technologies struggle to track multiple physicochemical parameters in real time,hindering early hazard detection.Embedded optical fiber sensors have gained prominence as a transformative solution for next-generation smart battery sensing,owing to their micrometer size,multiplexing capability,and electromagnetic immunity.However,comprehensive reviews focusing on their advancements in operando multi-parameter monitoring remain scarce,despite their critical importance for ensuring battery safety.To address this gap,this review first introduces a classification and the fundamental principles of advanced battery-oriented optical fiber sensors.Subsequently,it summarizes recent developments in single-parameter battery monitoring using optical fiber sensors.Building on this foundation,this review presents the first comprehensive analysis of multifunctional optical fiber sensing platforms capable of simultaneously tracking temperature,strain,pressure,refractive index,and monitoring battery aging.Targeted strategies are proposed to facilitate the practical development of this technology,including optimization of sensor integration techniques,minimizing sensor invasiveness,resolving the cross-sensitivity of fiber Bragg grating(FBG)through structural innovation,enhancing techno-economics,and combining with artificial intelligence(AI).By aligning academic research with industry requirements,this review provides a methodological roadmap for developing robust optical sensing systems to ensure battery safety in decarbonization-driven applications.
基金supported by the China Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Directly-Undergraduate Universities Basic Research Business Fund Project:‘Environmental Protection Equipment R&D’Shared Technology and Skills Innovation Platform Construction(Grant No.NJDYWF2301).
文摘Ultrasound is a powerful tool in materials processing,yet its application in constructing van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures remains under-explored.In this study,MoS_(2)and graphene—two widely studied 2D materials—were successfully assembled into vdW heterostructures via a convenient ultrasound-driven self-assembly approach.The morphology of the heterostructures was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),while their structural and compositional features were confirmed through x-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy,and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Red-shifted Raman peaks and decreased binding energies in XPS spectra provided strong evidence of successful heterostructure formation.A three-stage assembly mechanism—comprising dispersion,assembly,and adjustment—is proposed,with acoustic cavitation playing a key role in driving the process.This study not only demonstrates the feasibility of synthesizing 2D heterostructures via an ultrasonic route but also lays a foundation for future scalable,energy-efficient fabrication strategies.
文摘Under the background of training practical compound talents in software engineering,this paper analyzes the problems existing in the current teaching of software engineering courses represented by software project management,puts forward the team task mechanism of software engineering courses with AI empowerment and cooperation and competition,develops a unified project management platform to support the implementation of team tasks,and proves the effectiveness of the scheme through the results obtained.
基金Supported by Research Innovation Program for College Graduates of Hunan Province(CX20231269).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to better understand the occurrence status of thrips in Central Hunan,clarify thrips species,and provide a basis for scientific control.[Methods]The occurrence of thrips in the Central Hunan Region were investigated and analyzed.Through field collection,molecular biological identification and sequencing,thrips populations in the region were identified.[Results]Six species of thrips infesting vegetable crops were identified in the Central Hunan Region,with Megalurothrips usitatus,Thrips palmi,and Frankliniella intonsa being the dominant species.These pests were particularly severe on leguminous and cucurbit crops.[Conclusions]Combined with integrated control strategies,this study provides theoretical and technical support for the scientific management of thrips in the Central Hunan Region,ensuring the sustainable development of the local vegetable industry.
文摘In response to the problem of improving practical abilities of students in the process of cultivating innovative talents in the field of financial technology in the specialized software college,this paper analyzes the characteristics and applicability of problem-based learning(PBL)method,proposes a PBL course integration design scheme for the integration of business and technology in the field of financial technology,and provides corresponding course cases.The plan described in this article has been jointly demonstrated by experts from schools and enterprises and has received good feedback.
文摘In response to the current situation of practical teaching and the main problems in the teaching process of cultivating composite talents in the characteristic demonstration software college,this paper analyzes the importance of digital reform in practical teaching,introduces the work foundation,main work,reform characteristics,and effects of digital reform in practical teaching of composite talents in Software College of Northeastern University and lays the foundation for future in-depth research,providing reference for the digital reform of practical teaching in related majors of other colleges.
