Hyphomycetes are asexually reproducing parts in a fungal life cycle,and is an artificial classification.Hyphomycetes are fungi with diverse lifestyles,including saprobes,endophytes,plant and animal pathogens,hyperpara...Hyphomycetes are asexually reproducing parts in a fungal life cycle,and is an artificial classification.Hyphomycetes are fungi with diverse lifestyles,including saprobes,endophytes,plant and animal pathogens,hyperparasites,lichenized forms and extremophiles.Traditionally,morphological characters have been used to identify and classify hyphomycetes,which has led to many taxonomic controversies.Modern molecular methods based on DNA sequence data have developed a more reliable and natural classification of hyphomycetes.The present study revises the taxonomy of the brown-spored hyphomy-cetes based on both morphology and phylogeny.In total,1,041 genera with brief notes are provided.Of these,1,032 genera belong to Ascomycota(Dothideomycetes:362;Eurotiomycetes:34;Leotiomycetes:22;Pezizomycetes:7;Sordariomycetes:210;Ascomycota genera incertae sedis:397),and nine genera belong to Basidiomycota.In addition,363 brown-spored hyphomycetous genera published since 2010 are listed.Multi-locus phylogeny,including 658 brown-spored hyphomycete genera within Ascomycota,are carried out using 28S nrDNA,18S nrDNA and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit(rpb2),and the results show that 374 genera are phylogenetically placed in Dothideomycetes,39 genera in Eurotiomycetes,26 genera in Leotiomycetes,6 genera in Pezizomycetes and 213 genera in Sordariomycetes.Based on the morphology and multi-gene phylogeny,45 fresh collections are described in this study,including seven new genera,viz.Murihylinia,Pseudo-brachysporiella,Saprosporodochifer,Solitariconidiophora,Tenebrosynnematica,Xenoberkleasmium,Xenostanjehughesia;17 new species,viz.Acrodictys thailandica,Alfaria fusiformis,Conioscypha punctiformis,Gamsomyces breve,Murihylinia guizhouensis,Parafuscosporella atricolor,Pleocatenata thailandica,Polyplosphaeria appendiculata,Pseudobrachyspori-ella pyriforme,Saprosporodochifer fuscus,Solitariconidiophora guizhouensis,Sporidesmiella obovoidispora,Stachybot-rys ellipsoidea,Tenebrosynnematica obclavata,Vanakripa obovoidea,Xenoberkleasmium chiangraiense,Yunnanomyces muriformis;one new combination,viz.Xenostanjehughesia polypora;nine new records,viz.Aquatisphaeria thailandica,Bahusandhika indica,Corynespora submersa,Fusariella sinensis,Helicodochium aquaticum,Pleopunctum ellipsoideum,Rhexoacrodictys erecta,Vikalpa dujuanhuensis,Virgaria nigra.Detailed descriptions and morphological illustrations are provided for these new taxa.Current taxonomic difficulties are discussed.展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program(Grant No.2021FY100906)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 31600032)+6 种基金the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Karst Science Research Center of Guizhou province(Grant No.U1812401)K.D.Hyde would like to thank the National Research Council of Thailand(NRCT)grant“Total fungal diversity in a given forest area with implications towards species numbers,chemical diversity and biotechnology”(grant no.N42A650547)D.Jayarama Bhat,K.D.Hyde and E.B.Gareth Jones gratefully acknowledge the financial support the Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program(DSFP),King Saud University,Riyadh,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Ling-Ling Liu would like to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(project IDs:32260007)for financial supportNing-Guo Liu would like to thank Naresuan University for Ph.D.scholarship and Hong-Wei Shen for sample collectionsupported by the Chinese Research Fund(project no E1644111K1)entitled“Flexible introduction of high-level expert program,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Major science and technology projects and key R&D plans/programs,Yunnan Province(202202AE090001)the High-level Talents in Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,grant no:J2201080102the Innovative team program of the Department of Education of Guangdong Province(2022KCXTD015 and 2022ZDJS020).
文摘Hyphomycetes are asexually reproducing parts in a fungal life cycle,and is an artificial classification.Hyphomycetes are fungi with diverse lifestyles,including saprobes,endophytes,plant and animal pathogens,hyperparasites,lichenized forms and extremophiles.Traditionally,morphological characters have been used to identify and classify hyphomycetes,which has led to many taxonomic controversies.Modern molecular methods based on DNA sequence data have developed a more reliable and natural classification of hyphomycetes.The present study revises the taxonomy of the brown-spored hyphomy-cetes based on both morphology and phylogeny.In total,1,041 genera with brief notes are provided.Of these,1,032 genera belong to Ascomycota(Dothideomycetes:362;Eurotiomycetes:34;Leotiomycetes:22;Pezizomycetes:7;Sordariomycetes:210;Ascomycota genera incertae sedis:397),and nine genera belong to Basidiomycota.In addition,363 brown-spored hyphomycetous genera published since 2010 are listed.Multi-locus phylogeny,including 658 brown-spored hyphomycete genera within Ascomycota,are carried out using 28S nrDNA,18S nrDNA and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit(rpb2),and the results show that 374 genera are phylogenetically placed in Dothideomycetes,39 genera in Eurotiomycetes,26 genera in Leotiomycetes,6 genera in Pezizomycetes and 213 genera in Sordariomycetes.Based on the morphology and multi-gene phylogeny,45 fresh collections are described in this study,including seven new genera,viz.Murihylinia,Pseudo-brachysporiella,Saprosporodochifer,Solitariconidiophora,Tenebrosynnematica,Xenoberkleasmium,Xenostanjehughesia;17 new species,viz.Acrodictys thailandica,Alfaria fusiformis,Conioscypha punctiformis,Gamsomyces breve,Murihylinia guizhouensis,Parafuscosporella atricolor,Pleocatenata thailandica,Polyplosphaeria appendiculata,Pseudobrachyspori-ella pyriforme,Saprosporodochifer fuscus,Solitariconidiophora guizhouensis,Sporidesmiella obovoidispora,Stachybot-rys ellipsoidea,Tenebrosynnematica obclavata,Vanakripa obovoidea,Xenoberkleasmium chiangraiense,Yunnanomyces muriformis;one new combination,viz.Xenostanjehughesia polypora;nine new records,viz.Aquatisphaeria thailandica,Bahusandhika indica,Corynespora submersa,Fusariella sinensis,Helicodochium aquaticum,Pleopunctum ellipsoideum,Rhexoacrodictys erecta,Vikalpa dujuanhuensis,Virgaria nigra.Detailed descriptions and morphological illustrations are provided for these new taxa.Current taxonomic difficulties are discussed.
