Aegilops tauschii,the wild progenitor of wheat D-genome and a valuable germplasm for wheat improvement,has a wide natural distribution from eastern Turkey to China.However,the phylogenetic relationship and dispersion ...Aegilops tauschii,the wild progenitor of wheat D-genome and a valuable germplasm for wheat improvement,has a wide natural distribution from eastern Turkey to China.However,the phylogenetic relationship and dispersion history of Ae.tauschii in China has not been scientifically clarified.In this study,we genotyped 208 accessions(with 104 in China)using dd RAD sequencing and 55K SNP array,and classified the population into six sublineages.Three possible spreading routes or events were identified,resulting in specific distribution patterns,with four sublineages found in Xinjiang,one in Qinghai,two in Shaanxi and one in Henan.We also established the correlation of SNP-based,karyotypebased and spike-morphology-based techniques to demonstrate the internal classification of Ae.tauschii,and developed consensus dataset with 1245 putative accessions by merging data previously published.Our analysis suggested that eight inter-lineage accessions could be assigned to the putative Lineage 3and these accessions would help to conserve the genetic diversity of the species.By developing the consensus phylogenetic relationships of Ae.tauschii,our work validated the hypothesis on the dispersal history of Ae.tauschii in China,and contributed to the efficient and comprehensive germplasm-mining of the species.展开更多
Nematodes play an important role in ecosystems;however,very little is known about their assembly processes and the factors influencing them.We studied nematode communities in bulk soils from three Asian mountain ecosy...Nematodes play an important role in ecosystems;however,very little is known about their assembly processes and the factors influencing them.We studied nematode communities in bulk soils from three Asian mountain ecosystems to determine the assembly processes of free-living nematode metacommunities and their driving factors.On each mountain,elevations span a range of climatic conditions with the potential to reveal assembly processes that predominate across multiple biomes.A phylogenetic null modeling framework was used to analyze 18S rRNA gene amplicons to quantify various assembly processes.We found that phylogenetic turnover between nematode communities on all mountains was dominated by stochastic processes,with“undominated processes”being the most predominant stochastic factor.Elevation has a significant impact on the relative importance of deterministic and stochastic processes.A variety of climatic and edaphic variables significantly influenced the variations in community assembly processes with elevation,even though their impacts were not consistent between the mountains.Overall,our results indicate that free-living nematode metacommunities in a wide range of environments are largely structured by stochastic processes rather than by niche-based deterministic processes,suggesting that metacommunities of soil free-living nematodes may respond to climate change in a largely unpredictable way.展开更多
英国的研发总支出(Gross Expenditure on R&D,GERD)占全球份额的4%,其科研人员数量占全球份额的6%,这部分科研人员贡献了8%的全球研究论文。而这些论文拥有11%的全球引文量,并创造了14%的全球高被引论文,在被引频次超过500的全球论...英国的研发总支出(Gross Expenditure on R&D,GERD)占全球份额的4%,其科研人员数量占全球份额的6%,这部分科研人员贡献了8%的全球研究论文。而这些论文拥有11%的全球引文量,并创造了14%的全球高被引论文,在被引频次超过500的全球论文中占有17%的份额,在被引频次超过1000的全球论文中占有20%的份额。目前,英国科研的平均影响力超越了美国。尽管在科研方面成绩比较突出,但是英国的私营企业在科研方面的投资相对较低,且落后于相应的竞争对手。英国的科研创新能力与潜力与其经济实力并不相称,但这并不是其整个国家科研基础的问题。展开更多
Web of Science中不断涌现出拥有1000个、甚至更多作者,横跨100多个国家的研究论文。众多作者/众多国家的组合产生出复杂的作者署名模式,它不同于传统的典型学术论文,而且推升了论文引用率。在该报告中,我们将描述两种模式,它们将复杂...Web of Science中不断涌现出拥有1000个、甚至更多作者,横跨100多个国家的研究论文。众多作者/众多国家的组合产生出复杂的作者署名模式,它不同于传统的典型学术论文,而且推升了论文引用率。在该报告中,我们将描述两种模式,它们将复杂作者署名与引用率提升效应关联在一起:与多作者署名(超过10个作者,5个以上国家)相关的普遍性引用率提升;超大规模作者署名(超过100个作者,超过30个国家)导致的更具扰动性的结果.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001492)the Ministry of Agriculture of China(2016ZX08009)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan(202300410053)。
文摘Aegilops tauschii,the wild progenitor of wheat D-genome and a valuable germplasm for wheat improvement,has a wide natural distribution from eastern Turkey to China.However,the phylogenetic relationship and dispersion history of Ae.tauschii in China has not been scientifically clarified.In this study,we genotyped 208 accessions(with 104 in China)using dd RAD sequencing and 55K SNP array,and classified the population into six sublineages.Three possible spreading routes or events were identified,resulting in specific distribution patterns,with four sublineages found in Xinjiang,one in Qinghai,two in Shaanxi and one in Henan.We also established the correlation of SNP-based,karyotypebased and spike-morphology-based techniques to demonstrate the internal classification of Ae.tauschii,and developed consensus dataset with 1245 putative accessions by merging data previously published.Our analysis suggested that eight inter-lineage accessions could be assigned to the putative Lineage 3and these accessions would help to conserve the genetic diversity of the species.By developing the consensus phylogenetic relationships of Ae.tauschii,our work validated the hypothesis on the dispersal history of Ae.tauschii in China,and contributed to the efficient and comprehensive germplasm-mining of the species.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(No.NRF-2018R1C1B6007755)supported by a grant(No.20SCIPC158976-01)from the Construction Technology Research Program funded by the Ministry of Land,Infrastructure,and Transport of the Korean government+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi,China(No.2018GXNSFDA 281006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41966005)the One Hundred Talents Project of Guangxi,China(No.6020303891251)。
文摘Nematodes play an important role in ecosystems;however,very little is known about their assembly processes and the factors influencing them.We studied nematode communities in bulk soils from three Asian mountain ecosystems to determine the assembly processes of free-living nematode metacommunities and their driving factors.On each mountain,elevations span a range of climatic conditions with the potential to reveal assembly processes that predominate across multiple biomes.A phylogenetic null modeling framework was used to analyze 18S rRNA gene amplicons to quantify various assembly processes.We found that phylogenetic turnover between nematode communities on all mountains was dominated by stochastic processes,with“undominated processes”being the most predominant stochastic factor.Elevation has a significant impact on the relative importance of deterministic and stochastic processes.A variety of climatic and edaphic variables significantly influenced the variations in community assembly processes with elevation,even though their impacts were not consistent between the mountains.Overall,our results indicate that free-living nematode metacommunities in a wide range of environments are largely structured by stochastic processes rather than by niche-based deterministic processes,suggesting that metacommunities of soil free-living nematodes may respond to climate change in a largely unpredictable way.
文摘英国的研发总支出(Gross Expenditure on R&D,GERD)占全球份额的4%,其科研人员数量占全球份额的6%,这部分科研人员贡献了8%的全球研究论文。而这些论文拥有11%的全球引文量,并创造了14%的全球高被引论文,在被引频次超过500的全球论文中占有17%的份额,在被引频次超过1000的全球论文中占有20%的份额。目前,英国科研的平均影响力超越了美国。尽管在科研方面成绩比较突出,但是英国的私营企业在科研方面的投资相对较低,且落后于相应的竞争对手。英国的科研创新能力与潜力与其经济实力并不相称,但这并不是其整个国家科研基础的问题。
文摘Web of Science中不断涌现出拥有1000个、甚至更多作者,横跨100多个国家的研究论文。众多作者/众多国家的组合产生出复杂的作者署名模式,它不同于传统的典型学术论文,而且推升了论文引用率。在该报告中,我们将描述两种模式,它们将复杂作者署名与引用率提升效应关联在一起:与多作者署名(超过10个作者,5个以上国家)相关的普遍性引用率提升;超大规模作者署名(超过100个作者,超过30个国家)导致的更具扰动性的结果.
