AIM: To investigate the effect of synbiotics, i.e. probiotics and prebiotics mixture, on the gut microbial ecology and digestive enzyme activities in rats. METHODS: Forty-eight SD rats weighing about 280 g were used i...AIM: To investigate the effect of synbiotics, i.e. probiotics and prebiotics mixture, on the gut microbial ecology and digestive enzyme activities in rats. METHODS: Forty-eight SD rats weighing about 280 g were used in this study. Rats were divided into three groups according to the contents of probiotics and prebiotics mixture in the feed as control, low and high dose groups. The duration of the experiment was 8 wk. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, thefecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium counts were significantly increased and the fecal Coliform organism counts were markedly reduced in the low and high dose groups. Concerning the digestive enzyme activity of jejunum, only lactase activity increased in low dose group. However, significant increase of lipase, lactase, sucrase, and isomaltase activities were observed in high dose group.CONCLUSION: Intake of low and high dosages of probiotics and prebiotics mixture significantly improved the ecosystem of the intestinal tract by increasing the probiotics population and digestive enzyme activities in rats.展开更多
AIM： To investigate dose-response and time-course of the effects of ethanol on the cell viability and antioxidant capacity in isolated rat hepatocytes. METHODS： Hepatocytes were isolated from male adult Wistar rats ...AIM： To investigate dose-response and time-course of the effects of ethanol on the cell viability and antioxidant capacity in isolated rat hepatocytes. METHODS： Hepatocytes were isolated from male adult Wistar rats and seeded into 100-mm dishes. Hepatocytes were treated with ethanol at concentrations between 0 （C）, 10 （E10）, 50 （E50）, and 100 （E100） mmol/L （dose response） for 12, 24, and 36 h （time course）. Then, lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） leakage, malondialdehyde （IDA） concentration, glutathione （GSH） level, and activities of glutathione peroxidase （GPX）, glutathione reductase （GRD）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and catalase （CAT） were measured. RESULTS： Our data revealed that LDH leakage was significantly increased by about 30% in group E100 over those in groups C and E10 at 24 and 36 h, The HDA concentration in groups C, E10 and E50 were significantly lower than that in group E100 at 36 h. Furthermore, the concentration of IDA in group E100 at 36 h was significantly higher by 4.5- and 1.7-fold, respectively, than that at 12 and 24 h. On the other hand, the GSH level in group E100 at 24 and 36 h was significantly decreased, by 32% and 28%, respectively, compared to that at 12 h. The activities of GRD and CAT in group E100 at 36 h were significantly less than those in groups C and E10. However, The GPX and SOD activities showed no significant change in each group. CONCLUSION： These results suggest that longtime incubation with higher concentration of ethanol （100 mmol/L） decreased the cell viability by means of reducing GRD and CAT activities and increasing lipid peroxidation.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the apoptotic effects of nucleosides on the human hepatoma HepG2. METHODS： The nucleosides included inosine （I）, cytidine （C）, uridine （U）, thymidine （T）, adenosine （A）, and guanosine ...AIM： To investigate the apoptotic effects of nucleosides on the human hepatoma HepG2. METHODS： The nucleosides included inosine （I）, cytidine （C）, uridine （U）, thymidine （T）, adenosine （A）, and guanosine （G）. Cells were incubated by the mediums with or without nudeosides at 37 ℃ in a 50 mL/L CO2 humidified atmosphere. RESULTS： It was found that the cell viabilities were significantly decreased, when cells were treated with 30 mmol/L I, 30 mmol/L C, 30 mmol/L U, 30 mmol/L T, 0.5 mmol/L A, and 0.5 mmol/L G after 12 h incubation （P〈0.05）. About the apoptotic phenomenon, the cell percentages of sub-G1 cells were significantly increased in the mediums containing nucleosides such as C, U, T, A, and G （P〈0.05）. Furthermore, the caspase-3 activity was increased, when the cells were incubated with T （P〈0.05）. The protein expressions of p53 and p21 showed no difference in each group. To investigate the mechanism of apoptosis induced by nucleosides, it was found that the contents of soluble Fas ligand contents were increased in HepG2 cells following I, U, T, and A treatment （P〈0.05）. But, TNF-α and cytochrome cwere undetectable. CONCLUSION： Thymidine may induce the apoptosis in HepG2, but the effective dosages and reactive time must be investigated in the future study. However, the apoptosis-inducing abilities of other nucleosides were still unclear in this study.展开更多
基金Supported by Viva Life Science/Westar Nutrition, Costa Mesa,CA, United States
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of synbiotics, i.e. probiotics and prebiotics mixture, on the gut microbial ecology and digestive enzyme activities in rats. METHODS: Forty-eight SD rats weighing about 280 g were used in this study. Rats were divided into three groups according to the contents of probiotics and prebiotics mixture in the feed as control, low and high dose groups. The duration of the experiment was 8 wk. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, thefecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium counts were significantly increased and the fecal Coliform organism counts were markedly reduced in the low and high dose groups. Concerning the digestive enzyme activity of jejunum, only lactase activity increased in low dose group. However, significant increase of lipase, lactase, sucrase, and isomaltase activities were observed in high dose group.CONCLUSION: Intake of low and high dosages of probiotics and prebiotics mixture significantly improved the ecosystem of the intestinal tract by increasing the probiotics population and digestive enzyme activities in rats.
基金Supported by the Research Fund from Cathay General Hospital in Taiwan, 93CGH-TMU-15
文摘AIM： To investigate dose-response and time-course of the effects of ethanol on the cell viability and antioxidant capacity in isolated rat hepatocytes. METHODS： Hepatocytes were isolated from male adult Wistar rats and seeded into 100-mm dishes. Hepatocytes were treated with ethanol at concentrations between 0 （C）, 10 （E10）, 50 （E50）, and 100 （E100） mmol/L （dose response） for 12, 24, and 36 h （time course）. Then, lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） leakage, malondialdehyde （IDA） concentration, glutathione （GSH） level, and activities of glutathione peroxidase （GPX）, glutathione reductase （GRD）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and catalase （CAT） were measured. RESULTS： Our data revealed that LDH leakage was significantly increased by about 30% in group E100 over those in groups C and E10 at 24 and 36 h, The HDA concentration in groups C, E10 and E50 were significantly lower than that in group E100 at 36 h. Furthermore, the concentration of IDA in group E100 at 36 h was significantly higher by 4.5- and 1.7-fold, respectively, than that at 12 and 24 h. On the other hand, the GSH level in group E100 at 24 and 36 h was significantly decreased, by 32% and 28%, respectively, compared to that at 12 h. The activities of GRD and CAT in group E100 at 36 h were significantly less than those in groups C and E10. However, The GPX and SOD activities showed no significant change in each group. CONCLUSION： These results suggest that longtime incubation with higher concentration of ethanol （100 mmol/L） decreased the cell viability by means of reducing GRD and CAT activities and increasing lipid peroxidation.
文摘AIM： To investigate the apoptotic effects of nucleosides on the human hepatoma HepG2. METHODS： The nucleosides included inosine （I）, cytidine （C）, uridine （U）, thymidine （T）, adenosine （A）, and guanosine （G）. Cells were incubated by the mediums with or without nudeosides at 37 ℃ in a 50 mL/L CO2 humidified atmosphere. RESULTS： It was found that the cell viabilities were significantly decreased, when cells were treated with 30 mmol/L I, 30 mmol/L C, 30 mmol/L U, 30 mmol/L T, 0.5 mmol/L A, and 0.5 mmol/L G after 12 h incubation （P〈0.05）. About the apoptotic phenomenon, the cell percentages of sub-G1 cells were significantly increased in the mediums containing nucleosides such as C, U, T, A, and G （P〈0.05）. Furthermore, the caspase-3 activity was increased, when the cells were incubated with T （P〈0.05）. The protein expressions of p53 and p21 showed no difference in each group. To investigate the mechanism of apoptosis induced by nucleosides, it was found that the contents of soluble Fas ligand contents were increased in HepG2 cells following I, U, T, and A treatment （P〈0.05）. But, TNF-α and cytochrome cwere undetectable. CONCLUSION： Thymidine may induce the apoptosis in HepG2, but the effective dosages and reactive time must be investigated in the future study. However, the apoptosis-inducing abilities of other nucleosides were still unclear in this study.
