In this study,Al–Zn and Al–Mg coatings were deposited on steel substrates by an arc thermal spray process.X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the deposited coatings and corro...In this study,Al–Zn and Al–Mg coatings were deposited on steel substrates by an arc thermal spray process.X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the deposited coatings and corrosion products.Open circuit potential（OCP）,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,and potentiodynamic studies were used to assess the corrosion characteristics of these coatings after exposure according to the Society of Automotive Engineers（SAE）J2334 solution of varying durations.This solution simulates an industrial environment and contains chloride and carbonate ions that induce corrosion of the deposited coatings.However,the Al–Mg alloy coating maintained an OCP of approximately-0.911 V versus Ag/Ag Cl in the SAE J2334 solution even after 792 h of exposure.This indicates that it protects the steel sacrificially,whereas the Al–Zn coating provides only barrier-type protection through the deposition of corrosion products.The Al–Mg coating acts as a self-healing coating and provides protection by forming Mg_6Al_2（OH）_（16）CO_3（Al–Mg layered double hydroxides）.Mg_6Al_2（OH）_（16）CO_3has interlocking characteristics with a morphology of plate-like nanostructures and an ion-exchange ability that can improve the corrosion resistance properties of the coating.The presence of Zn in the corrosion products of the Al–Zn coating allows dissolution,but,at the same time,Zn_5（OH）_6（CO_3）_2and Zn_6Al_2（OH）_（16）CO_3are formed and act to reduce the corrosion rate.展开更多
The rapid growth in global population continues to challenge the world’s ability to provide enough food. As one of the most crucial issues for human development, food production must increase to offset hunger and pov...The rapid growth in global population continues to challenge the world’s ability to provide enough food. As one of the most crucial issues for human development, food production must increase to offset hunger and poverty as well as social unrest. To augment the yield of crops a variety of pesticides like Endosulfan, Rogor, Aldrin, Chlorpyrifos, etc. are being used liberally by the farmers. In the present investigation, Endosulfan was administered orally (daily) by gavage method to female Swiss albino mice group for 4 weeks @ 3.0 mg/kg b.w. After that, they were left for 6 months and then sacrificed and liver tissues were fixed for light microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopic study. The histopathological study of Endosulfan administered group liver showed hepatocytes with congestion in central vein with less dense cytoplasm, haemorrhaged bile duct, degenerated cytoplasm and central vein with vacuolations in sinusoidal spaces. Neoplastic changes in hepatocytes are the major finding of study. The ultrastuctural study revealed dilation in the nuclear pore complex and massive movement of cytoplasmic material from cytoplasm to the nucleus which is major finding which denotes neoplastic changes. Presence of abundant free lying polyribosomes in the cytoplasm, which denotes neoplastic changes in the cellis also one of theimportant finding observed. The present study thus deciphers that Endosulfan toxicity leads to onset of neoplasia thence carcinogenesis in liver cells in Swiss albino mice which is the novel finding in the field of toxicology.展开更多
基金supported by the research fund of Hanyang University (No. HY-2014-P)
文摘In this study,Al–Zn and Al–Mg coatings were deposited on steel substrates by an arc thermal spray process.X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the deposited coatings and corrosion products.Open circuit potential（OCP）,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,and potentiodynamic studies were used to assess the corrosion characteristics of these coatings after exposure according to the Society of Automotive Engineers（SAE）J2334 solution of varying durations.This solution simulates an industrial environment and contains chloride and carbonate ions that induce corrosion of the deposited coatings.However,the Al–Mg alloy coating maintained an OCP of approximately-0.911 V versus Ag/Ag Cl in the SAE J2334 solution even after 792 h of exposure.This indicates that it protects the steel sacrificially,whereas the Al–Zn coating provides only barrier-type protection through the deposition of corrosion products.The Al–Mg coating acts as a self-healing coating and provides protection by forming Mg_6Al_2（OH）_（16）CO_3（Al–Mg layered double hydroxides）.Mg_6Al_2（OH）_（16）CO_3has interlocking characteristics with a morphology of plate-like nanostructures and an ion-exchange ability that can improve the corrosion resistance properties of the coating.The presence of Zn in the corrosion products of the Al–Zn coating allows dissolution,but,at the same time,Zn_5（OH）_6（CO_3）_2and Zn_6Al_2（OH）_（16）CO_3are formed and act to reduce the corrosion rate.
文摘The rapid growth in global population continues to challenge the world’s ability to provide enough food. As one of the most crucial issues for human development, food production must increase to offset hunger and poverty as well as social unrest. To augment the yield of crops a variety of pesticides like Endosulfan, Rogor, Aldrin, Chlorpyrifos, etc. are being used liberally by the farmers. In the present investigation, Endosulfan was administered orally (daily) by gavage method to female Swiss albino mice group for 4 weeks @ 3.0 mg/kg b.w. After that, they were left for 6 months and then sacrificed and liver tissues were fixed for light microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopic study. The histopathological study of Endosulfan administered group liver showed hepatocytes with congestion in central vein with less dense cytoplasm, haemorrhaged bile duct, degenerated cytoplasm and central vein with vacuolations in sinusoidal spaces. Neoplastic changes in hepatocytes are the major finding of study. The ultrastuctural study revealed dilation in the nuclear pore complex and massive movement of cytoplasmic material from cytoplasm to the nucleus which is major finding which denotes neoplastic changes. Presence of abundant free lying polyribosomes in the cytoplasm, which denotes neoplastic changes in the cellis also one of theimportant finding observed. The present study thus deciphers that Endosulfan toxicity leads to onset of neoplasia thence carcinogenesis in liver cells in Swiss albino mice which is the novel finding in the field of toxicology.
