The ubiquity of mobile devices has driven advancements in mobile object detection.However,challenges in multi-scale object detection in open,complex environments persist due to limited computational resources.Traditio...The ubiquity of mobile devices has driven advancements in mobile object detection.However,challenges in multi-scale object detection in open,complex environments persist due to limited computational resources.Traditional approaches like network compression,quantization,and lightweight design often sacrifice accuracy or feature representation robustness.This article introduces the Fast Multi-scale Channel Shuffling Network(FMCSNet),a novel lightweight detection model optimized for mobile devices.FMCSNet integrates a fully convolutional Multilayer Perceptron(MLP)module,offering global perception without significantly increasing parameters,effectively bridging the gap between CNNs and Vision Transformers.FMCSNet achieves a delicate balance between computation and accuracy mainly by two key modules:the ShiftMLP module,including a shift operation and an MLP module,and a Partial group Convolutional(PGConv)module,reducing computation while enhancing information exchange between channels.With a computational complexity of 1.4G FLOPs and 1.3M parameters,FMCSNet outperforms CNN-based and DWConv-based ShuffleNetv2 by 1%and 4.5%mAP on the Pascal VOC 2007 dataset,respectively.Additionally,FMCSNet achieves a mAP of 30.0(0.5:0.95 IoU threshold)with only 2.5G FLOPs and 2.0M parameters.It achieves 32 FPS on low-performance i5-series CPUs,meeting real-time detection requirements.The versatility of the PGConv module’s adaptability across scenarios further highlights FMCSNet as a promising solution for real-time mobile object detection.展开更多
Purpose–This study summarizes the overall situation of the resources of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry,including the distribution of platform types,supporting institut...Purpose–This study summarizes the overall situation of the resources of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry,including the distribution of platform types,supporting institutions,construction sites,professional fields,etc.,to provide a reference for the further improvement and optimization of the national science and technology innovation platform system in the railway industry.Design/methodology/approach–Through literature review,field investigation,expert consultation and other methods,this paper systematically investigates and analyzes the development status of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.Findings–Taking the national science and technology innovation platform of the railway industry as the research object,this paper investigates and analyzes the construction,development and distribution of the national science and technology innovation platform of railway industry over the years.And the National Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway and Urban Rail Transit System Technology was taken as an example to introduce its operation effect.Originality/value–China Railway has made great development achievements,with the construction and development of national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.In recent years,a large number of national science and technology innovation platforms have been built in the railway industry,which play an important role in railway technological innovation,standard setting and commodification,and Railway Sciences provide strong support for railway technology development.展开更多
Background: Recent obstetrical practice tends to avoid the use of manual uterine fundal pressure (MUFP);however, data showed that MUFP is actually employed. We here attempted 1) to determine the obstetricians’ attitu...Background: Recent obstetrical practice tends to avoid the use of manual uterine fundal pressure (MUFP);however, data showed that MUFP is actually employed. We here attempted 1) to determine the obstetricians’ attitudes towards MUFP via questionnaire, and 2) to examine whether MUFP shortens the 2nd stage of labor, with the latter tested as a pilot study. Methods: A questionnaire-based study was carried out (n = 122) at meetings of Obstetrics on May 5, 2017. Then, we conducted a pilot case-control study from August 23 to September 6, 2020. Participants (n = 29) were divided into two groups;women who did and did not want MUFP;i.e., MUFP (n = 14) vs. (Non-MUFP) group (n = 15). Results: Of 122 doctors, 99.18% (121/122) used MUFP at cesarean section. 95.90% (117/122) of institutions used MUFP in spontaneous delivery. 95.08% (116/122) obstetricians considered MUFP effective and helpful. 85.24% (104/122) considered that MUFP should be employed after station +3. In the case control study, MUFP vs. Non-MUFP group showed the second-stage-duration of 58.5 (50.25 - 71.25) vs. 48 (39 - 59) minutes, without statistical significance (P = 0.101). However, importantly, MUFP, compared with Non-MUFP group, showed a significantly shorter duration from head visible on introitus (apparition) to delivery;i.e., 21.26 ± 7.32 vs. 30.13 ± 10.61 minutes (P = 0.014). Conclusions: MUFP is still used widely and MUFP shortened the duration of head apparition to delivery time. Larger-sample studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of MUFP.展开更多
A commentary on an anode-free cell design with electrochemically stable sodium borohydride solid electrolyte and pelletized aluminium current collector for sodium all-solid-state batteries is presented.First,the viabl...A commentary on an anode-free cell design with electrochemically stable sodium borohydride solid electrolyte and pelletized aluminium current collector for sodium all-solid-state batteries is presented.First,the viable strategies for implementing anode-free configuration utilizing solid-state electrolytes are briefly reviewed.Then,the remarkable work of Meng et al.on designing an anode-free sodium all-solid-state battery is elucidated.Finally,the significance of Meng’s work is discussed.展开更多
This review covers the structures of diterpenoids,including chain(72),monocyclic(9),labdane-type(67),clerodane-type(127)abietane-type(716),ent-kaurane-type(89),grayanane-type(331),ingenanetype(55),tigliane-type(154),d...This review covers the structures of diterpenoids,including chain(72),monocyclic(9),labdane-type(67),clerodane-type(127)abietane-type(716),ent-kaurane-type(89),grayanane-type(331),ingenanetype(55),tigliane-type(154),daphnane-type(237),and aconitine-type diterpene alkaloids(265)with rich biological activities reported in 2013-2023.And the drugs in clinical use or under clinical investigation of diterpenoids and leading compounds were summarized.展开更多
The integration of cloud computing into traditional industrial control systems is accelerating the evolution of Industrial Cyber-Physical System(ICPS),enhancing intelligence and autonomy.However,this transition also e...The integration of cloud computing into traditional industrial control systems is accelerating the evolution of Industrial Cyber-Physical System(ICPS),enhancing intelligence and autonomy.However,this transition also expands the attack surface,introducing critical security vulnerabilities.To address these challenges,this article proposes a hybrid intrusion detection scheme for securing ICPSs that combines system state anomaly and network traffic anomaly detection.Specifically,an improved variation-Bayesian-based noise covariance-adaptive nonlinear Kalman filtering(IVB-NCA-NLKF)method is developed to model nonlinear system dynamics,enabling optimal state estimation in multi-sensor ICPS environments.Intrusions within the physical sensing system are identified by analyzing residual discrepancies between predicted and observed system states.Simultaneously,an adaptive network traffic anomaly detection mechanism is introduced,leveraging learned traffic patterns to detect node-and network-level anomalies through pattern matching.Extensive experiments on a simulated network control system demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves higher detection accuracy(92.14%)with a reduced false alarm rate(0.81%).Moreover,it not only detects known attacks and vulnerabilities but also uncovers stealthy attacks that induce system state deviations,providing a robust and comprehensive security solution for the safety protection of ICPS.展开更多
Sulfide solid electrolytes with an ultrahigh ionic conductivity are considered to be extremely promising alternatives to liquid electrolytes for next-generation lithium batteries.However,it is difficult to obtain a th...Sulfide solid electrolytes with an ultrahigh ionic conductivity are considered to be extremely promising alternatives to liquid electrolytes for next-generation lithium batteries.However,it is difficult to obtain a thin solid electrolyte layer with good mechanical properties due to the weak binding ability between their powder particles,which seriously limits the actual energy density of sulfide all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Fortunately,the preparation of sulfide-polymer composite solid electrolyte(SPCSE)membranes by introducing polymer effectively reduces the thickness of solid electrolytes and guarantees high mechanical properties.In this review,recent progress of SPCSE membranes for ASSLBs is summarized.The classification of components in SPCSE membranes is first introduced briefly.Then,the preparation methods of SPCSE membranes are categorized according to process characteristics,in which the challenges of different methods and their corresponding solutions are carefully reviewed.The energy densities of the full battery composed of SPCSE membranes are further given whenever available to help understanding the device-level performance.Finally,we discuss the potential challenges and research opportunities for SPCSE membranes to guide the future development of high-performance sulfide ASSLBs.展开更多
Organic electrode materials(OEMs)constitute an attractive class of energy storage materials for potassium-ion batteries,but their application is severely hindered by sluggish kinetics and limited capacities.Herein,ino...Organic electrode materials(OEMs)constitute an attractive class of energy storage materials for potassium-ion batteries,but their application is severely hindered by sluggish kinetics and limited capacities.Herein,inorganic molecules covalent combination strategy is proposed to drive advanced potassium organic batteries.Specifically,molecular selenium,possessing high potential of conductivity and electroactivity,is covalently bonded with organic matrix,that is symmetrical selenophene-annulated dipolyperylene diimide(PDI2-2Se),is designed to verify the feasibility.The inorganic-anchored OEM(PDI2-2Se)can be electrochemically activated to form organic(PDI2 matrix)–inorganic(Se)hybrids during initial cycles.Stateof-the-art 3D tomography reveals that a“mutual-accelerating”effect was realized,that is,the 10-nm Se quantum dots,possessing high conductivity,facilitate charge transfer in organics as well store K^(+)-ions,and organic PDI2 matrix benefits the encapsulation of Se,thereby suppressing shuttle effect and volume fluctuation during cycling,endowing resulting PDI2/Se hybrids with both high-rate capacities and longevity.The concept of inorganicconfigurated OEM through covalent bonds,in principle,can also be extended to design novel functional organic-redox electrodes for other high-performance secondary batteries.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Preoperative liver function in children with congenital heart disease is often compromised to varying degrees because of the unique pathophysiology.We aimed to investigate the relationships between liver fu...BACKGROUND:Preoperative liver function in children with congenital heart disease is often compromised to varying degrees because of the unique pathophysiology.We aimed to investigate the relationships between liver function indicators at hospital admission and mortality in children receiving venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(VA-ECMO)support following cardiac surgery.METHODS:We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of pediatric patients who received postcardiotomy VA-ECMO support at Fuwai Hospital between January 2010 and June 2020.Univariable and multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were constructed to evaluate the risk factors associated with 30-day and 180-day mortality.The cut-off values for the liver function variables measured at hospital admission were categorized into high and low groups and then compared using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests.RESULTS:Our study included 96 pediatric patients who received VA-ECMO support after cardiotomy.Among the patients receiving VA-ECMO,the 30-day and 180-day mortality rates were 37.5% and 52.1%,respectively.The level of aspartate aminotransferase(AST)at admission was associated with 30-day mortality(hazard ratios[HRs]=1.852,95%CI 1.010-3.398,P=0.046).The AST and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)levels were predictors of 180-day mortality,with adjusted HRs of 1.799(95%CI 1.074-3.014;P=0.025)and 1.384(95%CI 1.050-1.825;P=0.021),respectively.The cut-off value for AST to predict mortality at 30 d was 77 U/L,and that for ALP to predict mortality at 180 d was 269 U/L.CONCLUSION:Liver function indicators,including AST and ALP,at hospital admission are associated with mortality risk in children with congenital heart disease receiving VA-ECMO after cardiac surgery.展开更多
The high content of cyanogenic glycosides(CG)in cassava tubers affects food safety.CG are involved in the plant growth and development and protect cassava leaves from herbivorous predators.However,the regulatory mecha...The high content of cyanogenic glycosides(CG)in cassava tubers affects food safety.CG are involved in the plant growth and development and protect cassava leaves from herbivorous predators.However,the regulatory mechanism of CG biosynthesis remains poorly understood.Here,yeast one-hybrid assays were performed using a mixed cDNA library of cassava tubers and leaves as prey and the promoter of MeCYP79D2 as bait.MeCYP79D2,a cytochrome P450 protein,is the rate-limiting enzyme for CG synthesis in cassava.From this information,a candidate regulator of MeCYP79D2 was selected and identified as transcription factor MePHD1.2.MePHD1.2,located in the nucleus and exhibiting an inhibitory transcription activity directly bound to an AT-rich motif in the promoter of MeCYP79D2.In cassava,the transcriptional activity of MeCYP79D2 was considerably enhanced in mephd1.2 mutant lines leading to increased linamarin and lotaustralin contents.Deletion of MePHD1.2 promoted the production of CGs in cassava and decreased transcription inhibition on MeCYP79D2,exposing a novel regulatory module governing biosynthesis of CGs.展开更多
Vanadium-based cathodes have attracted great interest in aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)due to their large capacities,good rate performance and facile synthesis in large scale.However,their practical application is ...Vanadium-based cathodes have attracted great interest in aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)due to their large capacities,good rate performance and facile synthesis in large scale.However,their practical application is greatly hampered by vanadium dissolution issue in conventional dilute electrolytes.Herein,taking a new potassium vanadate K0.486V2O5(KVO)cathode with large interlayer spacing(~0.95 nm)and high capacity as an example,we propose that the cycle life of vanadates can be greatly upgraded in AZIBs by regulating the concentration of ZnCl2 electrolyte,but with no need to approach“water-in-salt”threshold.With the optimized moderate concentration of 15 m ZnCl2 electrolyte,the KVO exhibits the best cycling stability with ~95.02% capacity retention after 1400 cycles.We further design a novel sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)-moderate concentration ZnCl2 gel electrolyte with high ionic conductivity of 10.08 mS cm^-1 for the first time and assemble a quasi-solid-state AZIB.This device is bendable with remarkable energy density(268.2 Wh kg^−1),excellent stability(97.35% after 2800 cycles),low self-discharge rate,and good environmental(temperature,pressure)suitability,and is capable of powering small electronics.The device also exhibits good electrochemical performance with high KVO mass loading(5 and 10 mg cm^-2).Our work sheds light on the feasibility of using moderately concentrated electrolyte to address the stability issue of aqueous soluble electrode materials.展开更多
Hybrid supercapacitors have shown great potentials to fulfill the demand of future diverse applications such as electric vehicles and portable/wearable electronics.In particular,aqueous zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors...Hybrid supercapacitors have shown great potentials to fulfill the demand of future diverse applications such as electric vehicles and portable/wearable electronics.In particular,aqueous zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors(ZHSCs)have gained much attention due to their low-cost,high energy density,and environmental friendliness.Nevertheless,typical ZHSCs use Zn metal anode and normal liquid electrolyte,causing the dendrite issue,restricted working temperature,and inferior device flexibility.Herein,a novel flexible Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor(FZHSC)is developed by using activated carbon(AC)anode,δ-MnO_(2) cathode,and innovative PVA-based gel electrolyte.In this design,heavy Zn anode and its dendrite issue are avoided and layered cathode with large interlayer spacing is employed.In addition,flexible electrodes are prepared and integrated with an anti-freezing,stretchable,and compressible hydrogel electrolyte,which is attained by simultaneously using glycerol additive and freezing/thawing technique to regulate the hydrogen bond and microstructure.The resulting FZHSC exhibits good rate capability,high energy density(47.86 Wh kg^(−1);3.94 mWh cm^(−3)),high power density(5.81 kW kg^(−1);480 mW cm^(−3)),and excellent cycling stability(~91%capacity retention after 30000 cycles).Furthermore,our FZHSC demonstrates outstanding flexibility with capacitance almost unchanged even after various continuous shape deformations.The hydrogel electrolyte still maintains high ionic conductivity at ultralow temperatures(≤−30℃),enabling the FZHSC cycled well,and powering electronic timer robustly within an all-climate temperature range of−30~80℃.This work highlights that the promising Zn metal-free aqueous ZHSCs can be designed with great multifunctionality for more practical application scenarios.展开更多
Objective：Adjuvant docetaxel-based chemotherapy is frequently used for operable early breast cancer（EBC）.This study investigated patterns of use of docetaxel（T）in real-life clinical practice in China.Methods：Thi...Objective：Adjuvant docetaxel-based chemotherapy is frequently used for operable early breast cancer（EBC）.This study investigated patterns of use of docetaxel（T）in real-life clinical practice in China.Methods：This was a retrospective pooled analysis of the Asia-Pacific Breast Initiatives（APBI）Ⅰ（2006–2008）and Ⅱ（2009–2011）registries,and two Chinese observational studies;BC STATE（2011–2014）and BC Local Registry（2007–2010）.Female Chinese adults（≥18 years）with operable breast cancer treated with docetaxel-based adjuvant chemotherapy were included in the analysis.Patients with metastatic disease were excluded.The primary endpoint was assessment of treatment patterns and patient profiles.A logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with choice of adjuvant chemotherapy regimen.Results：Data from 3,020 patients were included.The most frequently used adjuvant regimen was docetaxel/anthracycline combination[n=1,421（47.1%）;of whom 52.0%received T/epirubicin（E）/cyclophosphamide（C）],followed by docetaxel/other[n=705（23.3%）;of whom 72.8%received TC],docetaxel/anthracycline sequential[n=447（14.8%）;of whom 40.9%and 39.6%received 5-Fu/EC-T and EC-T,respectively],and＂other＂[n=447（14.8%）;of whom 91.5%received T].A significant association was found between adjuvant therapy with docetaxel/anthracycline combination and patient weight,menopausal status and estrogen receptor status.Conclusions：Real-world data revealed that docetaxel/anthracycline combination is the most commonly used category of docetaxel-based adjuvant therapy for patients with operable breast cancer in China;of which TEC is the most frequently used regimen.展开更多
Pseudocapacitive materials generally offer both high capacitance and high rate capability, which has stimulated great efforts in developing the materials system and related energy storage devices. In recent years, how...Pseudocapacitive materials generally offer both high capacitance and high rate capability, which has stimulated great efforts in developing the materials system and related energy storage devices. In recent years, however, with the extensive use of nanomaterials in batteries, fast redox kinetics comparable to pseudocapacitive have been achieved in many kinds of battery materials due to the much shortened ion diffusion lengths and highly exposed surface/interface as a result of nanosize effect. Consequently, the terms"pseudocapacitive materials" and "battery materials" are becoming more and more confusing. In this review, different opinions on the definition of pseudocapacitive materials and the evolution of the definitions as well as the resulting confusion will be firstly reviewed. Then, to accurately distinguish pseudocapacitive and battery materials, method with the consideration of both the electrochemical signatures(CVs and GCD) and quantitative kinetics analysis as a supplement is proposed. Finally, we end this review by discussing the possible device configurations of asymmetric supercapacitors and hybrid supercapacitors. The present review will help understanding the differences between pseudocapacitive materials and battery materials, and thus avoiding the definition confusion.展开更多
Increasing the energy density, power density as well as widening the operation voltage are essential to electrochemical capacitors to meet the practical energy demands. Herein, a novel flexible quasi-solid-state dual-...Increasing the energy density, power density as well as widening the operation voltage are essential to electrochemical capacitors to meet the practical energy demands. Herein, a novel flexible quasi-solid-state dual-ion asymmetric supercapacitor(ASC) with Ni(OH)2 and Nb2O5 nanosheets directly grown on stainless steel mesh is developed. In the dual-ion ASC, Nb2O5 negative and Ni(OH)2 positive electrodes react with Li+ and OH- respectively in alkaline gel electrolyte to store energy, which is quite different from conventional alkali metal ion SCs and alkaline SCs. The as-assembled flexible device has an extended working voltage of 1.7 V and delivers a capacity of 5.37 mAh cm-2, a maximum energy density and power density of 0.52 mWh cm-3 and 170 mW cm-3 , respectively. The device maintains around 60% capacity retention after long cycling up to 1000 cycles. Moreover, our device can light up a LED light efficiently upon fast charging. The proposed quasi-solid-state dual-ion ASC has potential applications in future portable electronics and flexible energy storage devices.展开更多
Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)have attracted enormous attention due to the abundance of potassium resources,low cost,fast ionic conductivity of electrolyte and relatively high operating voltage.Despite great effo rts a...Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)have attracted enormous attention due to the abundance of potassium resources,low cost,fast ionic conductivity of electrolyte and relatively high operating voltage.Despite great effo rts and progress,researches on PIBs are still at the initial stage,especially in the emerging field of flexible and wearable PIBs.The inevitable challenges for PIBs include low reversible capacity,unsatisfactory cycling stability and insufficient energy density,the solution to which mostly relies on designing adva nced electrodes.Binder-free electrodes have emerged as promising electrode architecture for PIBs.Such electrodes avoid the use of insulating binders,which can be designed with various synergistic functional materials to address the aforementioned PIB issues and be endowed with flexibility/wearability.In this review,we mainly summarize the recent progress on binde r-free electrodes for PIBs,with the focus on the methodologies,detailed strategies and functional materials for electrode construction.One strategy for binder-free electrodes is to assemble free-standing architecture with the help of carbon nanotubes(CNTs),graphitic fibers,and other carbon or mechanically robust materials,either alone or in combination.The other effective strategy is current collector substrate-assisted direct growth,including the use of carbon cloth,metal.MXenes and other conductive substrates.Additionally,challenges and research opportunities are put forward at the end as the guidance for future development of binder-free PIB devices.展开更多
Aqueous electrochemical energy storage(EES)devices are highly safe,environmentally benign,and inexpensive,but their operating voltage and energy density must be increased if they are to efficiently power multifunction...Aqueous electrochemical energy storage(EES)devices are highly safe,environmentally benign,and inexpensive,but their operating voltage and energy density must be increased if they are to efficiently power multifunctional electronics,new-energy cars as well as to be used in smart grids.This Minireview summarizes the key breakthroughs and progress in expanding the electrochemical stability window(ESW)of aqueous EES devices over the past five years.After briefly introducing the electrode engineering ways to widen ESW,we focus on four ground-breaking electrolyte engineering strategies and classify them into two kinds from the perspective of salts and exotic solutes/solvents.The widening degree toward ESW of these emerging electrolytes is compared and the universal fundamental mechanism relating to the interactions between limited water molecules and high-concentration salts(or large amounts of exotic solutes/solvents)is elucidated.Key challenges and perspectives for high-ESW electrolytes as well as recent advances in low-cost and other metal ion(sodium,potassium,zinc,etc.)-based electrolytes for expanding ESW are also outlined.展开更多
After the completion of the Three Gorges dam, a 30 m high water-level-fluctuating zone （WLFZ） will appear along the banks, and will form a seasonal wetland ecosystem. According to the program of storing water in the...After the completion of the Three Gorges dam, a 30 m high water-level-fluctuating zone （WLFZ） will appear along the banks, and will form a seasonal wetland ecosystem. According to the program of storing water in the Three Gorges reservoir, the main ecological and environmental problems probably incurred in WLFZ are discussed, such as formation of contaminated belt along banks, appearance of epidemic diseases in the reservoir region （including urban districts）, aggravation of geologic disasters, degradation of biodiversity and exacerbation of the ecosystem vulnerability. Six items of strategies are put forward according to the causes, distributed features and trends of these problems in this paper.展开更多
Transition metal oxide(TMO)nanoarrays are promising architecture designs for self-supporting oxygen electrodes to achieve high catalytic activities in lithium-oxygen(Li-O2)batteries.However,the poor conductive nature ...Transition metal oxide(TMO)nanoarrays are promising architecture designs for self-supporting oxygen electrodes to achieve high catalytic activities in lithium-oxygen(Li-O2)batteries.However,the poor conductive nature of TMOs and the confined growth of nanostructures on the limited surfaces of electrode substrates result in the low areal capacities of TMO nanoarray electrodes,which seriously deteriorates the intrinsically high energy densities of Li-O2 batteries.Herein,we propose a hybrid nanoarray architecture design that integrates the high electronic conductivity of carbon nanoflakes(CNFs)and the high catalytic activity of Co3 O4 nanosheets on carbon cloth(CC).Due to the synergistic effect of two differently featured components,the hybrid nanoarrays(Co3 O4-CNF@CC)achieve a high reversible capacity of3.14 mA h cm-2 that cannot be achieved by only single components.Further,CNFs grown on CC induce the three-dimensionally distributed growth of ultrafine Co3 O4 nanosheets to enable the efficient utilization of catalysts.Thus,with the high catalytic efficiency,hybrid Co3 O4-CNF@CC also achieves a more prolonged cycling life than pristine TMO nanoarrays.The present work provides a new strategy for improving the performance of nanoarray oxygen electrodes via the hybrid architecture design that integrates the intrinsic properties of each component and induces the three-dimensional distribution of catalysts.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62371187the Open Program of Hunan Intelligent Rehabilitation Robot and Auxiliary Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center under Grant No.2024JS101.
文摘The ubiquity of mobile devices has driven advancements in mobile object detection.However,challenges in multi-scale object detection in open,complex environments persist due to limited computational resources.Traditional approaches like network compression,quantization,and lightweight design often sacrifice accuracy or feature representation robustness.This article introduces the Fast Multi-scale Channel Shuffling Network(FMCSNet),a novel lightweight detection model optimized for mobile devices.FMCSNet integrates a fully convolutional Multilayer Perceptron(MLP)module,offering global perception without significantly increasing parameters,effectively bridging the gap between CNNs and Vision Transformers.FMCSNet achieves a delicate balance between computation and accuracy mainly by two key modules:the ShiftMLP module,including a shift operation and an MLP module,and a Partial group Convolutional(PGConv)module,reducing computation while enhancing information exchange between channels.With a computational complexity of 1.4G FLOPs and 1.3M parameters,FMCSNet outperforms CNN-based and DWConv-based ShuffleNetv2 by 1%and 4.5%mAP on the Pascal VOC 2007 dataset,respectively.Additionally,FMCSNet achieves a mAP of 30.0(0.5:0.95 IoU threshold)with only 2.5G FLOPs and 2.0M parameters.It achieves 32 FPS on low-performance i5-series CPUs,meeting real-time detection requirements.The versatility of the PGConv module’s adaptability across scenarios further highlights FMCSNet as a promising solution for real-time mobile object detection.
文摘Purpose–This study summarizes the overall situation of the resources of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry,including the distribution of platform types,supporting institutions,construction sites,professional fields,etc.,to provide a reference for the further improvement and optimization of the national science and technology innovation platform system in the railway industry.Design/methodology/approach–Through literature review,field investigation,expert consultation and other methods,this paper systematically investigates and analyzes the development status of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.Findings–Taking the national science and technology innovation platform of the railway industry as the research object,this paper investigates and analyzes the construction,development and distribution of the national science and technology innovation platform of railway industry over the years.And the National Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway and Urban Rail Transit System Technology was taken as an example to introduce its operation effect.Originality/value–China Railway has made great development achievements,with the construction and development of national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.In recent years,a large number of national science and technology innovation platforms have been built in the railway industry,which play an important role in railway technological innovation,standard setting and commodification,and Railway Sciences provide strong support for railway technology development.
文摘Background: Recent obstetrical practice tends to avoid the use of manual uterine fundal pressure (MUFP);however, data showed that MUFP is actually employed. We here attempted 1) to determine the obstetricians’ attitudes towards MUFP via questionnaire, and 2) to examine whether MUFP shortens the 2nd stage of labor, with the latter tested as a pilot study. Methods: A questionnaire-based study was carried out (n = 122) at meetings of Obstetrics on May 5, 2017. Then, we conducted a pilot case-control study from August 23 to September 6, 2020. Participants (n = 29) were divided into two groups;women who did and did not want MUFP;i.e., MUFP (n = 14) vs. (Non-MUFP) group (n = 15). Results: Of 122 doctors, 99.18% (121/122) used MUFP at cesarean section. 95.90% (117/122) of institutions used MUFP in spontaneous delivery. 95.08% (116/122) obstetricians considered MUFP effective and helpful. 85.24% (104/122) considered that MUFP should be employed after station +3. In the case control study, MUFP vs. Non-MUFP group showed the second-stage-duration of 58.5 (50.25 - 71.25) vs. 48 (39 - 59) minutes, without statistical significance (P = 0.101). However, importantly, MUFP, compared with Non-MUFP group, showed a significantly shorter duration from head visible on introitus (apparition) to delivery;i.e., 21.26 ± 7.32 vs. 30.13 ± 10.61 minutes (P = 0.014). Conclusions: MUFP is still used widely and MUFP shortened the duration of head apparition to delivery time. Larger-sample studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of MUFP.
基金grateful for support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52472247,52172229,21401145)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.104972024KFYjc0079).
文摘A commentary on an anode-free cell design with electrochemically stable sodium borohydride solid electrolyte and pelletized aluminium current collector for sodium all-solid-state batteries is presented.First,the viable strategies for implementing anode-free configuration utilizing solid-state electrolytes are briefly reviewed.Then,the remarkable work of Meng et al.on designing an anode-free sodium all-solid-state battery is elucidated.Finally,the significance of Meng’s work is discussed.
文摘This review covers the structures of diterpenoids,including chain(72),monocyclic(9),labdane-type(67),clerodane-type(127)abietane-type(716),ent-kaurane-type(89),grayanane-type(331),ingenanetype(55),tigliane-type(154),daphnane-type(237),and aconitine-type diterpene alkaloids(265)with rich biological activities reported in 2013-2023.And the drugs in clinical use or under clinical investigation of diterpenoids and leading compounds were summarized.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under grant No.62371187the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.2024JJ8309 and 2023JJ50495.
文摘The integration of cloud computing into traditional industrial control systems is accelerating the evolution of Industrial Cyber-Physical System(ICPS),enhancing intelligence and autonomy.However,this transition also expands the attack surface,introducing critical security vulnerabilities.To address these challenges,this article proposes a hybrid intrusion detection scheme for securing ICPSs that combines system state anomaly and network traffic anomaly detection.Specifically,an improved variation-Bayesian-based noise covariance-adaptive nonlinear Kalman filtering(IVB-NCA-NLKF)method is developed to model nonlinear system dynamics,enabling optimal state estimation in multi-sensor ICPS environments.Intrusions within the physical sensing system are identified by analyzing residual discrepancies between predicted and observed system states.Simultaneously,an adaptive network traffic anomaly detection mechanism is introduced,leveraging learned traffic patterns to detect node-and network-level anomalies through pattern matching.Extensive experiments on a simulated network control system demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves higher detection accuracy(92.14%)with a reduced false alarm rate(0.81%).Moreover,it not only detects known attacks and vulnerabilities but also uncovers stealthy attacks that induce system state deviations,providing a robust and comprehensive security solution for the safety protection of ICPS.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52072136,52172229,52272201,52302303,51972257)Yanchang Petroleum-WHUT Joint Program(No.yc-whlg-2022ky-05)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.104972024RSCrc0006,2023IVA106)for financial support。
文摘Sulfide solid electrolytes with an ultrahigh ionic conductivity are considered to be extremely promising alternatives to liquid electrolytes for next-generation lithium batteries.However,it is difficult to obtain a thin solid electrolyte layer with good mechanical properties due to the weak binding ability between their powder particles,which seriously limits the actual energy density of sulfide all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Fortunately,the preparation of sulfide-polymer composite solid electrolyte(SPCSE)membranes by introducing polymer effectively reduces the thickness of solid electrolytes and guarantees high mechanical properties.In this review,recent progress of SPCSE membranes for ASSLBs is summarized.The classification of components in SPCSE membranes is first introduced briefly.Then,the preparation methods of SPCSE membranes are categorized according to process characteristics,in which the challenges of different methods and their corresponding solutions are carefully reviewed.The energy densities of the full battery composed of SPCSE membranes are further given whenever available to help understanding the device-level performance.Finally,we discuss the potential challenges and research opportunities for SPCSE membranes to guide the future development of high-performance sulfide ASSLBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,21975194,22175134,22209127 and 52072282)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2023AFA014)+2 种基金the research fund for distinguished young scholars of Hubei Province(2019CFA042)the generous start-up funds from the Wuhan University of Technology(nos.2182022132)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(195220009).
文摘Organic electrode materials(OEMs)constitute an attractive class of energy storage materials for potassium-ion batteries,but their application is severely hindered by sluggish kinetics and limited capacities.Herein,inorganic molecules covalent combination strategy is proposed to drive advanced potassium organic batteries.Specifically,molecular selenium,possessing high potential of conductivity and electroactivity,is covalently bonded with organic matrix,that is symmetrical selenophene-annulated dipolyperylene diimide(PDI2-2Se),is designed to verify the feasibility.The inorganic-anchored OEM(PDI2-2Se)can be electrochemically activated to form organic(PDI2 matrix)–inorganic(Se)hybrids during initial cycles.Stateof-the-art 3D tomography reveals that a“mutual-accelerating”effect was realized,that is,the 10-nm Se quantum dots,possessing high conductivity,facilitate charge transfer in organics as well store K^(+)-ions,and organic PDI2 matrix benefits the encapsulation of Se,thereby suppressing shuttle effect and volume fluctuation during cycling,endowing resulting PDI2/Se hybrids with both high-rate capacities and longevity.The concept of inorganicconfigurated OEM through covalent bonds,in principle,can also be extended to design novel functional organic-redox electrodes for other high-performance secondary batteries.
基金supported by the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2024-12M-C&T-B-045).
文摘BACKGROUND:Preoperative liver function in children with congenital heart disease is often compromised to varying degrees because of the unique pathophysiology.We aimed to investigate the relationships between liver function indicators at hospital admission and mortality in children receiving venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(VA-ECMO)support following cardiac surgery.METHODS:We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of pediatric patients who received postcardiotomy VA-ECMO support at Fuwai Hospital between January 2010 and June 2020.Univariable and multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were constructed to evaluate the risk factors associated with 30-day and 180-day mortality.The cut-off values for the liver function variables measured at hospital admission were categorized into high and low groups and then compared using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests.RESULTS:Our study included 96 pediatric patients who received VA-ECMO support after cardiotomy.Among the patients receiving VA-ECMO,the 30-day and 180-day mortality rates were 37.5% and 52.1%,respectively.The level of aspartate aminotransferase(AST)at admission was associated with 30-day mortality(hazard ratios[HRs]=1.852,95%CI 1.010-3.398,P=0.046).The AST and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)levels were predictors of 180-day mortality,with adjusted HRs of 1.799(95%CI 1.074-3.014;P=0.025)and 1.384(95%CI 1.050-1.825;P=0.021),respectively.The cut-off value for AST to predict mortality at 30 d was 77 U/L,and that for ALP to predict mortality at 180 d was 269 U/L.CONCLUSION:Liver function indicators,including AST and ALP,at hospital admission are associated with mortality risk in children with congenital heart disease receiving VA-ECMO after cardiac surgery.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32460505)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-11)+2 种基金the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences for the Science and Technology Innovation Team of the National Tropical Agricultural Science Center(CATASCXTD202301)Additional support was provided by the Hainan Province Graduate Innovation Research Project(Hyb2020-09)the Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation(KF-2023016).
文摘The high content of cyanogenic glycosides(CG)in cassava tubers affects food safety.CG are involved in the plant growth and development and protect cassava leaves from herbivorous predators.However,the regulatory mechanism of CG biosynthesis remains poorly understood.Here,yeast one-hybrid assays were performed using a mixed cDNA library of cassava tubers and leaves as prey and the promoter of MeCYP79D2 as bait.MeCYP79D2,a cytochrome P450 protein,is the rate-limiting enzyme for CG synthesis in cassava.From this information,a candidate regulator of MeCYP79D2 was selected and identified as transcription factor MePHD1.2.MePHD1.2,located in the nucleus and exhibiting an inhibitory transcription activity directly bound to an AT-rich motif in the promoter of MeCYP79D2.In cassava,the transcriptional activity of MeCYP79D2 was considerably enhanced in mephd1.2 mutant lines leading to increased linamarin and lotaustralin contents.Deletion of MePHD1.2 promoted the production of CGs in cassava and decreased transcription inhibition on MeCYP79D2,exposing a novel regulatory module governing biosynthesis of CGs.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51872104,51972257 and 51672205)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0202602)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2018CFB581).
文摘Vanadium-based cathodes have attracted great interest in aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)due to their large capacities,good rate performance and facile synthesis in large scale.However,their practical application is greatly hampered by vanadium dissolution issue in conventional dilute electrolytes.Herein,taking a new potassium vanadate K0.486V2O5(KVO)cathode with large interlayer spacing(~0.95 nm)and high capacity as an example,we propose that the cycle life of vanadates can be greatly upgraded in AZIBs by regulating the concentration of ZnCl2 electrolyte,but with no need to approach“water-in-salt”threshold.With the optimized moderate concentration of 15 m ZnCl2 electrolyte,the KVO exhibits the best cycling stability with ~95.02% capacity retention after 1400 cycles.We further design a novel sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)-moderate concentration ZnCl2 gel electrolyte with high ionic conductivity of 10.08 mS cm^-1 for the first time and assemble a quasi-solid-state AZIB.This device is bendable with remarkable energy density(268.2 Wh kg^−1),excellent stability(97.35% after 2800 cycles),low self-discharge rate,and good environmental(temperature,pressure)suitability,and is capable of powering small electronics.The device also exhibits good electrochemical performance with high KVO mass loading(5 and 10 mg cm^-2).Our work sheds light on the feasibility of using moderately concentrated electrolyte to address the stability issue of aqueous soluble electrode materials.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52072136,51972257,51872104,and 52172229)the Ningxia Key R&D Program(2019BFG02018)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:2021IVA115,2021IVA071).
文摘Hybrid supercapacitors have shown great potentials to fulfill the demand of future diverse applications such as electric vehicles and portable/wearable electronics.In particular,aqueous zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors(ZHSCs)have gained much attention due to their low-cost,high energy density,and environmental friendliness.Nevertheless,typical ZHSCs use Zn metal anode and normal liquid electrolyte,causing the dendrite issue,restricted working temperature,and inferior device flexibility.Herein,a novel flexible Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor(FZHSC)is developed by using activated carbon(AC)anode,δ-MnO_(2) cathode,and innovative PVA-based gel electrolyte.In this design,heavy Zn anode and its dendrite issue are avoided and layered cathode with large interlayer spacing is employed.In addition,flexible electrodes are prepared and integrated with an anti-freezing,stretchable,and compressible hydrogel electrolyte,which is attained by simultaneously using glycerol additive and freezing/thawing technique to regulate the hydrogen bond and microstructure.The resulting FZHSC exhibits good rate capability,high energy density(47.86 Wh kg^(−1);3.94 mWh cm^(−3)),high power density(5.81 kW kg^(−1);480 mW cm^(−3)),and excellent cycling stability(~91%capacity retention after 30000 cycles).Furthermore,our FZHSC demonstrates outstanding flexibility with capacitance almost unchanged even after various continuous shape deformations.The hydrogel electrolyte still maintains high ionic conductivity at ultralow temperatures(≤−30℃),enabling the FZHSC cycled well,and powering electronic timer robustly within an all-climate temperature range of−30~80℃.This work highlights that the promising Zn metal-free aqueous ZHSCs can be designed with great multifunctionality for more practical application scenarios.
文摘Objective：Adjuvant docetaxel-based chemotherapy is frequently used for operable early breast cancer（EBC）.This study investigated patterns of use of docetaxel（T）in real-life clinical practice in China.Methods：This was a retrospective pooled analysis of the Asia-Pacific Breast Initiatives（APBI）Ⅰ（2006–2008）and Ⅱ（2009–2011）registries,and two Chinese observational studies;BC STATE（2011–2014）and BC Local Registry（2007–2010）.Female Chinese adults（≥18 years）with operable breast cancer treated with docetaxel-based adjuvant chemotherapy were included in the analysis.Patients with metastatic disease were excluded.The primary endpoint was assessment of treatment patterns and patient profiles.A logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with choice of adjuvant chemotherapy regimen.Results：Data from 3,020 patients were included.The most frequently used adjuvant regimen was docetaxel/anthracycline combination[n=1,421（47.1%）;of whom 52.0%received T/epirubicin（E）/cyclophosphamide（C）],followed by docetaxel/other[n=705（23.3%）;of whom 72.8%received TC],docetaxel/anthracycline sequential[n=447（14.8%）;of whom 40.9%and 39.6%received 5-Fu/EC-T and EC-T,respectively],and＂other＂[n=447（14.8%）;of whom 91.5%received T].A significant association was found between adjuvant therapy with docetaxel/anthracycline combination and patient weight,menopausal status and estrogen receptor status.Conclusions：Real-world data revealed that docetaxel/anthracycline combination is the most commonly used category of docetaxel-based adjuvant therapy for patients with operable breast cancer in China;of which TEC is the most frequently used regimen.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51672205,51872104 and 21673169)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0202602)+1 种基金the Research Start-Up Fund from Wuhan University of Technologythe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:2016IVA083,2017IB005,185220011)
文摘Pseudocapacitive materials generally offer both high capacitance and high rate capability, which has stimulated great efforts in developing the materials system and related energy storage devices. In recent years, however, with the extensive use of nanomaterials in batteries, fast redox kinetics comparable to pseudocapacitive have been achieved in many kinds of battery materials due to the much shortened ion diffusion lengths and highly exposed surface/interface as a result of nanosize effect. Consequently, the terms"pseudocapacitive materials" and "battery materials" are becoming more and more confusing. In this review, different opinions on the definition of pseudocapacitive materials and the evolution of the definitions as well as the resulting confusion will be firstly reviewed. Then, to accurately distinguish pseudocapacitive and battery materials, method with the consideration of both the electrochemical signatures(CVs and GCD) and quantitative kinetics analysis as a supplement is proposed. Finally, we end this review by discussing the possible device configurations of asymmetric supercapacitors and hybrid supercapacitors. The present review will help understanding the differences between pseudocapacitive materials and battery materials, and thus avoiding the definition confusion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51302079, 51705527 and 51672205)the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0202602)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant No. 2017JJ1008)the financial support by Queensland University of Technology Stratergic research grant
文摘Increasing the energy density, power density as well as widening the operation voltage are essential to electrochemical capacitors to meet the practical energy demands. Herein, a novel flexible quasi-solid-state dual-ion asymmetric supercapacitor(ASC) with Ni(OH)2 and Nb2O5 nanosheets directly grown on stainless steel mesh is developed. In the dual-ion ASC, Nb2O5 negative and Ni(OH)2 positive electrodes react with Li+ and OH- respectively in alkaline gel electrolyte to store energy, which is quite different from conventional alkali metal ion SCs and alkaline SCs. The as-assembled flexible device has an extended working voltage of 1.7 V and delivers a capacity of 5.37 mAh cm-2, a maximum energy density and power density of 0.52 mWh cm-3 and 170 mW cm-3 , respectively. The device maintains around 60% capacity retention after long cycling up to 1000 cycles. Moreover, our device can light up a LED light efficiently upon fast charging. The proposed quasi-solid-state dual-ion ASC has potential applications in future portable electronics and flexible energy storage devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51972257,51672205 and 51872104)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFA0202602)。
文摘Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)have attracted enormous attention due to the abundance of potassium resources,low cost,fast ionic conductivity of electrolyte and relatively high operating voltage.Despite great effo rts and progress,researches on PIBs are still at the initial stage,especially in the emerging field of flexible and wearable PIBs.The inevitable challenges for PIBs include low reversible capacity,unsatisfactory cycling stability and insufficient energy density,the solution to which mostly relies on designing adva nced electrodes.Binder-free electrodes have emerged as promising electrode architecture for PIBs.Such electrodes avoid the use of insulating binders,which can be designed with various synergistic functional materials to address the aforementioned PIB issues and be endowed with flexibility/wearability.In this review,we mainly summarize the recent progress on binde r-free electrodes for PIBs,with the focus on the methodologies,detailed strategies and functional materials for electrode construction.One strategy for binder-free electrodes is to assemble free-standing architecture with the help of carbon nanotubes(CNTs),graphitic fibers,and other carbon or mechanically robust materials,either alone or in combination.The other effective strategy is current collector substrate-assisted direct growth,including the use of carbon cloth,metal.MXenes and other conductive substrates.Additionally,challenges and research opportunities are put forward at the end as the guidance for future development of binder-free PIB devices.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51972257,51872104 and 51672205)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0202602)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2018CFB581)
文摘Aqueous electrochemical energy storage(EES)devices are highly safe,environmentally benign,and inexpensive,but their operating voltage and energy density must be increased if they are to efficiently power multifunctional electronics,new-energy cars as well as to be used in smart grids.This Minireview summarizes the key breakthroughs and progress in expanding the electrochemical stability window(ESW)of aqueous EES devices over the past five years.After briefly introducing the electrode engineering ways to widen ESW,we focus on four ground-breaking electrolyte engineering strategies and classify them into two kinds from the perspective of salts and exotic solutes/solvents.The widening degree toward ESW of these emerging electrolytes is compared and the universal fundamental mechanism relating to the interactions between limited water molecules and high-concentration salts(or large amounts of exotic solutes/solvents)is elucidated.Key challenges and perspectives for high-ESW electrolytes as well as recent advances in low-cost and other metal ion(sodium,potassium,zinc,etc.)-based electrolytes for expanding ESW are also outlined.
基金Thanks the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China （#40561006）, National Natural Science Foundation of China （06XYJ017）, and Key Foundation of Chongqing Normal University （08XLZ13）.
文摘After the completion of the Three Gorges dam, a 30 m high water-level-fluctuating zone （WLFZ） will appear along the banks, and will form a seasonal wetland ecosystem. According to the program of storing water in the Three Gorges reservoir, the main ecological and environmental problems probably incurred in WLFZ are discussed, such as formation of contaminated belt along banks, appearance of epidemic diseases in the reservoir region （including urban districts）, aggravation of geologic disasters, degradation of biodiversity and exacerbation of the ecosystem vulnerability. Six items of strategies are put forward according to the causes, distributed features and trends of these problems in this paper.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21673169,51672205,51972257)the National Key Research Program of China(No.2016YFA0202602)+1 种基金the Research Start-Up Fund from Wuhan University of Technologythe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:No.2019IB003)。
文摘Transition metal oxide(TMO)nanoarrays are promising architecture designs for self-supporting oxygen electrodes to achieve high catalytic activities in lithium-oxygen(Li-O2)batteries.However,the poor conductive nature of TMOs and the confined growth of nanostructures on the limited surfaces of electrode substrates result in the low areal capacities of TMO nanoarray electrodes,which seriously deteriorates the intrinsically high energy densities of Li-O2 batteries.Herein,we propose a hybrid nanoarray architecture design that integrates the high electronic conductivity of carbon nanoflakes(CNFs)and the high catalytic activity of Co3 O4 nanosheets on carbon cloth(CC).Due to the synergistic effect of two differently featured components,the hybrid nanoarrays(Co3 O4-CNF@CC)achieve a high reversible capacity of3.14 mA h cm-2 that cannot be achieved by only single components.Further,CNFs grown on CC induce the three-dimensionally distributed growth of ultrafine Co3 O4 nanosheets to enable the efficient utilization of catalysts.Thus,with the high catalytic efficiency,hybrid Co3 O4-CNF@CC also achieves a more prolonged cycling life than pristine TMO nanoarrays.The present work provides a new strategy for improving the performance of nanoarray oxygen electrodes via the hybrid architecture design that integrates the intrinsic properties of each component and induces the three-dimensional distribution of catalysts.
