In recent years, the research advancements have high-lighted the critical role of the A-site cation in determining the optoelectronic and physicochemical properties of organicinorganic lead halide perovskites. Mixed-c...In recent years, the research advancements have high-lighted the critical role of the A-site cation in determining the optoelectronic and physicochemical properties of organicinorganic lead halide perovskites. Mixed-cation perovskites(MCPs) have been extensively used as absorber thin films in perovskite solar cells(PSCs), achieving high power conversion efficiencies(PCE) over 26%^([1, 2]).展开更多
Bulk and interface carrier nonradiative recombination losses impede the further improvement of power conversion efficiency(PCE)and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).It is highly necessary to develop multifunct...Bulk and interface carrier nonradiative recombination losses impede the further improvement of power conversion efficiency(PCE)and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).It is highly necessary to develop multifunctional strategy to minimize surface and interface nonradiative recombination losses.Herein,we report a bulk and interface defect passivation strategy via the synergistic effect of anions and cations,where multifunctional potassium sulphate(K_(2)SO_(4))is incorporated at SnO_(2)/perovskite interface.We find that K^(+)ions in K_(2)SO_(4)diffuse into perovskite layer and suppress the formation of bulk defects in perovskite films,and the SO_(4)^(2-)ions remain located at interface via the strong chemical interaction with SnO_(2)layer and perovskite layer,respectively.Through this synergistic modification strategy,effective defect passivation and improved energy band alignment are achieved simultaneously.These beneficial effects are translated into an efficiency increase from 19.45%to 21.18%with a low voltage deficit of0.53 V mainly as a result of boosted open-circuit voltage(V_(oc))after K_(2)SO_(4)modification.In addition,the K_(2)SO_(4)modification contributes to ameliorated stability.The present work provides a route to minimize bulk and interface nonradiative recombination losses for the simultaneous realization of PCE and stability enhancement by rational anion and cation synergistic engineering.展开更多
Interfacial defects and energy barrier would result in serious interfacial non-radiative recombination losses.In addition,the quality of perovskite films is highly dependent on deposition substrates.Consequently,there...Interfacial defects and energy barrier would result in serious interfacial non-radiative recombination losses.In addition,the quality of perovskite films is highly dependent on deposition substrates.Consequently,there is an urgent desire to develop multifunctional interface modulators to manage the interface between electron transport layer and perovskite layer.Here,we report a multifunctional buried interface modulation strategy that 4-fluoro-phenylammonium tetrafluoroborate (FBABF_(4)) consisting of simultaneously fluorinated anion and cation is inserted between SnO_(2)layer and perovskite layer.It is uncovered by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy that the anion and cation in modifier are mainly located at this interface,which is put down to coordination bond of the fluorine atom on BF_(4)^(-) with SnO_(2),and the hydrogen bond of the fluorine atom on FBA^(+) with formamidinium.This suggests that simultaneous fluorination of anion and cation in the ionic liquid molecule is of crucial importance to ameliorate interfacial contact through chemical linker.The interface modification approach enables the realization of interfacial defect passivation,interfacial energy band alignment modulation,and perovskite crystallization manipulation,which are translated into enhanced efficiency and stability as well as significantly suppressed hysteresis.The multiple functions of FBABF_(4) endow the modified solar cells excellent photovoltaic performance with an efficiency exceeding 23%along with appealing long-term stability.This work highlights the critical role of fluorination strategy in engineering multifunctional organic salt modulators for improving interfacial contact.展开更多
The defects from electron transport layer,perovskite layer and their interface would result in carrier nonradiative recombination losses.Poor buried interfacial contact is detrimental to charge extraction and device s...The defects from electron transport layer,perovskite layer and their interface would result in carrier nonradiative recombination losses.Poor buried interfacial contact is detrimental to charge extraction and device stability.Here,we report a bottom-up holistic carrier management strategy induced synergistically by multiple chemical bonds to minimize bulk and interfacial energy losses for high-performance perovskite photovoltaics.4-trifluoromethyl-benzamidine hydrochloride(TBHCl)containing–CF_(3),amidine cation and Cl^(-)is in advance incorporated into SnO_(2)colloid solution to realize bottom-up modification.The synergistic effect of multiple functional groups and multiple-bond-induced chemical interaction are revealed theoretically and experimentally.F and Cl^(-)can passivate oxygen vacancy and/or undercoordinated Sn^(4+)defects by coordinating with Sn^(4+).The F can suppress cation migration and modulate crystallization via hydrogen bond with FA^(+),and can passivate lead defects by coordinating with Pb^(2+).The–NH_(2)–C=NH^(+)_(2)and Cl^(-)can passivate cation and anion vacancy defects through ionic bonds with perovskites,respectively.Through TBHCl modification,the suppression of agglomeration of SnO_(2)nanoparticles,bulk and interfacial defect passivation,and release of tensile strains of perovskite films are demonstrated,which resulted in a PCE enhancement from 21.28%to 23.40%and improved stability.With post-treatment,the efficiency is further improved to 23.63%.展开更多
The interfacial defects and energy barrier are main reasons for interfacial nonradiative recombination.In addition,poor perovskite crystallization and incomplete conversion of PbI_(2) to perovskite restrict further en...The interfacial defects and energy barrier are main reasons for interfacial nonradiative recombination.In addition,poor perovskite crystallization and incomplete conversion of PbI_(2) to perovskite restrict further enhancement of the photovoltaic performance of the devices using sequential deposition.Herein,a buried interface stabilization strategy that relies on the synergy of fluorine(F)and sulfonyl(S=O)functional groups is proposed.A series of potassium salts containing halide and non-halogen anions are employed to modify SnO_(2)/perovskite buried interface.Multiple chemical bonds including hydrogen bond,coordination bond and ionic bond are realized,which strengthens interfacial contact and defect passivation effect.The chemical interaction between modification molecules and perovskite along with SnO_(2) heightens incessantly as the number of S=O and F augments.The chemical interaction strength between modifiers and perovskite as well as SnO_(2) gradually increases with the increase in the number of S=O and F.The defect passivation effect is positively correlated with the chemical interaction strength.The crystallization kinetics is regulated through the compromise between chemical interaction strength and wettability of substrates.Compared with Cl−,all non-halogen anions perform better in crystallization optimization,energy band regulation and defect passivation.The device with potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide achieves a tempting efficiency of 24.17%.展开更多
Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have attracted interest due to their simple fabrication,long-term stability,and small hysteresis[1-3].It is noteworthy that the quality of the hole-transport layer(HTL)largely dete...Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have attracted interest due to their simple fabrication,long-term stability,and small hysteresis[1-3].It is noteworthy that the quality of the hole-transport layer(HTL)largely determines the device performance.Nickel oxide(NiO_(x))has been paid great attention as a hole-transport material in PSCs because of its natural p-type property,low cost,good stability,and high transmittance[4,5].展开更多
Halide perovskites show excellent photovoltaic properties[1−4].However,the preparation of high-quality perovskite crystals remains a great challenge,which limits their applications.Perovskite materials applied to phot...Halide perovskites show excellent photovoltaic properties[1−4].However,the preparation of high-quality perovskite crystals remains a great challenge,which limits their applications.Perovskite materials applied to photodetectors mainly include polycrystalline thin films and single crystals.Traditional solution methods are used to prepare polycrystalline thin films,and the films are full of defects such as voids and grain boundaries[5−7].Compared to polycrystalline thin films,perovskite single crystals possess high crystallinity and low defect density[8−10].Photodetectors based on perovskite single crystals exhibit excellent performance[11].However,the size limitation of single crystals hinders their application in photodetectors[12].展开更多
Wide-bandgap(WB)mixed-halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs)play a crucial role in perovskite-based tandem solar cells(TSCs),enabling them to exceed the Shockley-Queisser limits of single-junction solar cells.Nonetheless...Wide-bandgap(WB)mixed-halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs)play a crucial role in perovskite-based tandem solar cells(TSCs),enabling them to exceed the Shockley-Queisser limits of single-junction solar cells.Nonetheless,the lack of stability in WB perovskite films due to photoinduced phase segregation undermines the stability of WB PSCs and their TSCs,thus impeding the commercialization of perovskite-based TSCs.Many efforts have been made to suppress photoinduced phase segregation in WB perovskite films and significant progresses have been obtained.In this review,we elaborate the mechanisms behind photoinduced phase segregation and its impact on the photovoltaic performance and stability of devices.The importance role of advanced characterization techniques in confirming the photoinduced phase segregation are comprehensively summarized.Beyond that,the effective strategies to alleviate photoinduced phase segregation in WB mixed halide PSCs are systematically assessed.Finally,the prospects for developing highly efficient and stable WB PSCs in tandem application are also presented.展开更多
Metal halide perovskite solar cell(PSC)has successfully distinguished itself in optoelectronic field by virtue of the sharp rise in power conversion efficiency over the past decade.The remarkable efficiency breakthrou...Metal halide perovskite solar cell(PSC)has successfully distinguished itself in optoelectronic field by virtue of the sharp rise in power conversion efficiency over the past decade.The remarkable efficiency breakthrough at such a fast speed can be mainly attributed to the comprehensive study on film deposition techniques,especially the effective management of surface and interfacial defects in recent works.Herein,we summarized the current trends in performance enhancement for PSCs,with a focus on the generally applicable strategies in high-performance works,involving deposition methods,compositional engineering,additive engineering,crystallization manipulation,charge transport material selection,interfacial passivation,optical coupling effect and constructing tandem solar cells.Promising directions and perspectives are also provided.展开更多
Perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have stood out from many photovoltaic technologies due to their flexibility,cost-effectiveness and high-power conversion efficiency(PCE). Nevertheless, the further development of PSCs is g...Perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have stood out from many photovoltaic technologies due to their flexibility,cost-effectiveness and high-power conversion efficiency(PCE). Nevertheless, the further development of PSCs is greatly hindered by the trap-induced non-radiative recombination losses and poor long-term work stability. In the past decade, the huge advancements have been obtained on suppressing nonradiative recombination and enhancing device durability. Among them, the multisite ligands(MSLs) engineering plays a crucial role in precise control and directional modification of functional layers and interfaces,which contributes to markedly increased PCE and lifetimes of PSCs. In view of this, this review summarizes the advances of MSLs in PSCs. From the perspective of functional groups and chemical interaction,the modulation mechanisms of properties of different functional layers and interfaces and device performance via various MSLs are deeply investigated and revealed. Finally, the prospects for the application and development direction of MSLs in PSCs are legitimately proposed.展开更多
Although ionic liquids(ILs)have been widely employed to heal the defects in perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the corresponding defect passivation mechanisms are not thoroughly understood up to now.Herein,we first reveal a...Although ionic liquids(ILs)have been widely employed to heal the defects in perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the corresponding defect passivation mechanisms are not thoroughly understood up to now.Herein,we first reveal an abnormal buried interface anion defect passivation mechanism depending on cationinduced steric hindrance.The IL molecules containing the same anion([BF4]^(-))and different sizes of imidazolium cations induced by substituent size are used to manipulate buried interface.It was revealed what passivated interfacial defects is mainly anions instead of cations.Theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the large-sized cations can weaken the ionic bond strength between anions and cations,and facilitate the interaction between anions and SnO2as well as perovskites,which is conducive to interfacial defect passivation and ameliorating interfacial contact.It can be concluded that interfacial chemical interaction strength and defect passivation effect are positively correlated with the size of cations.The discovery breaks conventional thinking that large-sized modification molecules would weaken their chemical interaction with perovskite.Compared with the control device(21.54%),the device based on 1,3-Bis(1-adamantyl)-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate(BAIMBF4)with maximum size cations achieves a significantly enhanced efficiency of 23.61%along with much increased moisture,thermal and light stabilities.展开更多
Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are taking a leading position in thin-film optoelectronic devices due to their excellent optical,physical and electrical properties[1-4].Nevertheless,the stability issue of metal halide per...Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are taking a leading position in thin-film optoelectronic devices due to their excellent optical,physical and electrical properties[1-4].Nevertheless,the stability issue of metal halide perovskite precursor solution severely retards the future industrialization of PSCs[5-7].In stoichiometry,slight solution composition change will induce severe degradation of device performance.展开更多
Facing the poor environmental stability of traditional methylammonium or formamidinium-based lead halide per-ovskites,scientists turn their attention to inorganic lead hal-ide perovskites(ILHPs)with narrow bandgaps,ex...Facing the poor environmental stability of traditional methylammonium or formamidinium-based lead halide per-ovskites,scientists turn their attention to inorganic lead hal-ide perovskites(ILHPs)with narrow bandgaps,excellent thermal stability and reduced ion migration compared to their organic/inorganic counterparts[1−4].Up to now,the PCEs for ILHP solar cells exceed 21%[5].Especially,the preferred black ILHP(e.g.CsPbI3)with the smallest bandgap of~1.7 eV and single-halide composition for avoiding phase separation is crucial for high-performance single-junction solar cells and can be applied in tandem devices as the top cells[6,7].However,small Cs+(167 pm)in CsPbI3 with a tolerance factor close to 0.8 is unsuitable for the 3D PbI3-framework[8].The mis-matched size of cations will induce lattice strain and the per-ovskite spontaneously transforms to undesired non-photoact-ive yellow phase(δ-phase,like NH4CdCl3)(Fig.1(a))[9,10].There-fore,improving lattice symmetry and reducing lattice strain are the strategies for inhibiting the phase transition of ILHPs.展开更多
Single-junction and tandem perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have achieved impressive power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 25.7%and 31.3%,respectively,which makes it to be one of next-generation photovoltaic technologies[1...Single-junction and tandem perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have achieved impressive power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 25.7%and 31.3%,respectively,which makes it to be one of next-generation photovoltaic technologies[1−9].Inter-face engineering[3,5,10−12],composition engineering[13]and ad-ditive engineering[7,14,15]have made remarkable contribu-tions to efficiency enhancement.Compared with efficiency,the long-term operational stability of PSCs jogs along,which is far from the requirements of commercialization.Currently,almost all regular n-i-p PSCs were accomplished with classic-al organic hole-transport materials(HTMs),i.e.,PTAA[16]and spiro-OMeTAD[2,4,6].However,the highly efficient PSCs with the above organic hole-transport layers(HTL)usually suffer from instability.To facilitate hole transport and extraction,LiTF-SI and tBP are frequently employed to dope organic HTLs but this would sacrifice device stability.The use of these hygro-scopic p-dopants endows the devices with poor moisture sta-bility.展开更多
In the past 10 years,perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have undergone extremely rapid development,with a record certified power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 26.7%,which is very close to the limit efficiency.However,the inhe...In the past 10 years,perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have undergone extremely rapid development,with a record certified power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 26.7%,which is very close to the limit efficiency.However,the inherent instability caused by ion migration impedes the realization of long-term operationally stable PSCs.In this review,the types and mechanisms of ion migration occurring in various functional layers of negative-intrinsic-positive(n-i-p)PSCs are summarized.Additionally,methods of suppressing ion migration are systematically discussed.Finally,the prospects of current challenges and future development directions are proposed to advance the achievement of high-performance regular PSCs with high stability and PCE.展开更多
Printable solar cells(including perovskite solar cells and organic photovoltaic cells,etc.)are manufactured based on soluble/dispersible semiconductor materials via printing technologies.They have unique advantages of...Printable solar cells(including perovskite solar cells and organic photovoltaic cells,etc.)are manufactured based on soluble/dispersible semiconductor materials via printing technologies.They have unique advantages of light weight,flexibility,adjustable color/transparency and low cost.In recent years,great breakthroughs have been made in the field of printable solar cells,and their energy conversion efficiency exceeds 25%,which is comparable to that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells.At present,this novel photovoltaic technology is expected to overcome the commercialization barrier.In this context,Materials Reports:Energy(MRE)specially planned a themed issue on printable solar cells.A number of high-quality papers are collected,aiming to introduce the latest progress in this field and provide a wide overview of theoretical and experimental progress and research results from materials to devices.展开更多
Labor-intensive,trial-and-error methods are frequently employed for modifying the perovskite surface to mitigate trap defects.There is an urgent need for rationally designed and efficient molecular passivators.To addr...Labor-intensive,trial-and-error methods are frequently employed for modifying the perovskite surface to mitigate trap defects.There is an urgent need for rationally designed and efficient molecular passivators.To address the performance and stability challenges caused by defects in polycrystalline perovskite,we have rationally designed and tailored passivation molecules,4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic anhydride(TFBA),ethyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate(TFB),and 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid(PTF),to minimize interfacial energy loss and modulate the bandgap alignment for achieving efficient perovskite solar cells(PSCs).These molecules could target the perovskite surface defects,particularly Pb-I antisite defects,with the-COOH and trifluoromethyl functional groups at the edges.Among them,PTF exhibited superior passivation performance by coordinat-ing its carboxyl group withPb2+,effectively suppressing non-radiative recombination.Additionally,the fluorine sites in these molecules corrected lattice distortions and stabilized the perovskite structure through hydrogen bonding with MA/FA cations,reducing ion migration,and enhancing moisture resistance.As a result,PTF-modified PSCs achieved an efficiency of 25.57%and maintained over 85%of their initial efficiency after 1600 h of aging.This study provides a clear pathway for optimizing passivation strategies through rational molecular design.展开更多
The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of perovskite solar cells,with their power conversion efficiency increasing from an initial 3.8%to over 26%,approaching the Shockley-Queisser(S-Q)limit for single-ju...The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of perovskite solar cells,with their power conversion efficiency increasing from an initial 3.8%to over 26%,approaching the Shockley-Queisser(S-Q)limit for single-junction solar cells.Multijunction solar cells have garnered significant attention due to their tremendous potential to surpass the S-Q limit by reducing thermalization losses and wide light harvesting.The wide bandgap tunability of metal halide perovskite materials makes them highly suitable for sub-cells in tandem solar cells(TSCs).Currently,LONGi Green Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.in China has set a world record efficiency of 34.6% based on a dual-junction perovskitesilicon TSCs,far surpassing the single-junction efficiencies of each sub-cell.Consequently,perovskite based TSCs are widely regarded as the next-generation photovoltaic products in the solar industry.Despite the significant efficiency improvements,several challenges still impede the commercial application of perovskite based TSCs,such as the instability of perovskite materials and difficulties in achieving large-scale production.This review summarizes the progresses and optimization strategies of perovskite based TSCs.This review also identifies the critical issues hindering multijunction solar cells.Finally,the potential solutions to address these challenges are proposed to advance the development of perovskite based TSCs.展开更多
Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as promising photovoltaic candidates because of their high efficiency and cost-effective fabrication.However,abundant defects and inefficient charge transport critical...Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as promising photovoltaic candidates because of their high efficiency and cost-effective fabrication.However,abundant defects and inefficient charge transport critically compromise the device efficiency and stability.Phosphonic acid-based multifunctional molecules,mainly as self-assemble monolayer,have recently been demonstrated to be useful in improving the device performance of the inverted PSCs.Herein,we designed and synthesized a new multifunctional molecule,(2-(3,6-bis(trifluoromethoxy)-9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl)phosphonic acid(M28)as additive in perovskite precursor solution to fabricate high-efficiency and stable inverted PSCs.Through spontaneous segregation toward the buried interface and grain boundaries(GBs),M28 affords threefold roles in enhancing device performance:(1)slowing the crystallization rate and enlarging the grain sizes to improve the perovskite film quality,(2)passivating the defects at buried interface and GBs to suppress charge recombination,(3)inducing an extra electric field at the buried interface through p-type doping to promote hole transport.The resulting devices thus achieved a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 25.96%and impressive long-term operational stability:maintaining 80%of their initial efficiency after 1500 h tracking at the maximum power point.This work emphasizes the importance of exploration of new types of functional molecules in advancing PSCs.展开更多
The deep-level traps at grain boundaries(GBs)and halide ion migration are quite challenging for further enhancement of the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)as well as for the elimination of noto...The deep-level traps at grain boundaries(GBs)and halide ion migration are quite challenging for further enhancement of the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)as well as for the elimination of notorious hysteresis.Herein,we report a large-sized strongly coordinated organic anion GB anchoring strategy for suppressing ion migration and passivating defects in planar PSCs.The practical implementation of this strategy involves the incorporation of potassium salts containing a large-sized organic counter anion(4-sulfobenzoic acid monopotassium salt,SAMS)into the perovskite precursor.It has been found that anions within SAMS can be firmly anchored at GBs due to the strong coordination interaction between C=O and/or S=O at both ends of bulky anion and undercoordinated Pb^(2+)and/or halide vacancies,along with the hydrogen bond between–OH and formamidinium.SAMS can not only passivate shallowlevel defects but also cause more effective passivation of the deep-level defects.The GB manipulation strategy results in a reduced defect density,an increased carrier lifetime as well as suppressed ion migration,which in turn contributed to enhanced efficiency and stability of PSCs together with a thorough elimination of hysteresis.As a result,the SAMSmodified device with an outstanding fill factor of 0.84 delivers a significant improvement in efficiency(22.7%)in comparison with the control device(20.3%).The unencapsulated modified device demonstrates only little degradation after 1320 h at 60℃.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52462032, 62274018, 52462031)Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province (202501AT070353, 202101BE070001-049)+2 种基金the Xinjiang Construction Corps Key Areas of Science and Technology Research Project (2023AB029)the Tianchi Talent Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2024, Jiangzhao Chen)the Key Project of Chongqing Overseas Students Returning to China Entrepreneurship and Innovation Support Plan (cx2023006)。
文摘In recent years, the research advancements have high-lighted the critical role of the A-site cation in determining the optoelectronic and physicochemical properties of organicinorganic lead halide perovskites. Mixed-cation perovskites(MCPs) have been extensively used as absorber thin films in perovskite solar cells(PSCs), achieving high power conversion efficiencies(PCE) over 26%^([1, 2]).
基金financially supported by the Defense Industrial Technology Development Program(JCKY2017110C0654)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11974063,61904023)the Chongqing Special Postdoctoral Science Foundation(cstc2019jcyj-bsh0026)。
文摘Bulk and interface carrier nonradiative recombination losses impede the further improvement of power conversion efficiency(PCE)and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).It is highly necessary to develop multifunctional strategy to minimize surface and interface nonradiative recombination losses.Herein,we report a bulk and interface defect passivation strategy via the synergistic effect of anions and cations,where multifunctional potassium sulphate(K_(2)SO_(4))is incorporated at SnO_(2)/perovskite interface.We find that K^(+)ions in K_(2)SO_(4)diffuse into perovskite layer and suppress the formation of bulk defects in perovskite films,and the SO_(4)^(2-)ions remain located at interface via the strong chemical interaction with SnO_(2)layer and perovskite layer,respectively.Through this synergistic modification strategy,effective defect passivation and improved energy band alignment are achieved simultaneously.These beneficial effects are translated into an efficiency increase from 19.45%to 21.18%with a low voltage deficit of0.53 V mainly as a result of boosted open-circuit voltage(V_(oc))after K_(2)SO_(4)modification.In addition,the K_(2)SO_(4)modification contributes to ameliorated stability.The present work provides a route to minimize bulk and interface nonradiative recombination losses for the simultaneous realization of PCE and stability enhancement by rational anion and cation synergistic engineering.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62004058, U21A2076, 21701041, 52071048)the Nature Science Foundation of Hebei Province (Grant No. F2020202022)+4 种基金the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics (Grant No. IOSKL2020KF09)the State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment (Grant No. EERI_PI20200005)supported by the Support plan for Overseas Students to Return to China for Entrepreneurship and Innovation (Grant No. cx2020003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2020CDJ-LHZZ-074)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (Grant No. cstc2020jcyjmsxmX0629)。
文摘Interfacial defects and energy barrier would result in serious interfacial non-radiative recombination losses.In addition,the quality of perovskite films is highly dependent on deposition substrates.Consequently,there is an urgent desire to develop multifunctional interface modulators to manage the interface between electron transport layer and perovskite layer.Here,we report a multifunctional buried interface modulation strategy that 4-fluoro-phenylammonium tetrafluoroborate (FBABF_(4)) consisting of simultaneously fluorinated anion and cation is inserted between SnO_(2)layer and perovskite layer.It is uncovered by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy that the anion and cation in modifier are mainly located at this interface,which is put down to coordination bond of the fluorine atom on BF_(4)^(-) with SnO_(2),and the hydrogen bond of the fluorine atom on FBA^(+) with formamidinium.This suggests that simultaneous fluorination of anion and cation in the ionic liquid molecule is of crucial importance to ameliorate interfacial contact through chemical linker.The interface modification approach enables the realization of interfacial defect passivation,interfacial energy band alignment modulation,and perovskite crystallization manipulation,which are translated into enhanced efficiency and stability as well as significantly suppressed hysteresis.The multiple functions of FBABF_(4) endow the modified solar cells excellent photovoltaic performance with an efficiency exceeding 23%along with appealing long-term stability.This work highlights the critical role of fluorination strategy in engineering multifunctional organic salt modulators for improving interfacial contact.
基金financially supported by the Support Plan for Overseas Students to Return to China for Entrepreneurship and Innovation(cx2020003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020CDJ-LHZZ-074)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyj-msxm X0629)。
文摘The defects from electron transport layer,perovskite layer and their interface would result in carrier nonradiative recombination losses.Poor buried interfacial contact is detrimental to charge extraction and device stability.Here,we report a bottom-up holistic carrier management strategy induced synergistically by multiple chemical bonds to minimize bulk and interfacial energy losses for high-performance perovskite photovoltaics.4-trifluoromethyl-benzamidine hydrochloride(TBHCl)containing–CF_(3),amidine cation and Cl^(-)is in advance incorporated into SnO_(2)colloid solution to realize bottom-up modification.The synergistic effect of multiple functional groups and multiple-bond-induced chemical interaction are revealed theoretically and experimentally.F and Cl^(-)can passivate oxygen vacancy and/or undercoordinated Sn^(4+)defects by coordinating with Sn^(4+).The F can suppress cation migration and modulate crystallization via hydrogen bond with FA^(+),and can passivate lead defects by coordinating with Pb^(2+).The–NH_(2)–C=NH^(+)_(2)and Cl^(-)can passivate cation and anion vacancy defects through ionic bonds with perovskites,respectively.Through TBHCl modification,the suppression of agglomeration of SnO_(2)nanoparticles,bulk and interfacial defect passivation,and release of tensile strains of perovskite films are demonstrated,which resulted in a PCE enhancement from 21.28%to 23.40%and improved stability.With post-treatment,the efficiency is further improved to 23.63%.
基金supported by the Defense Industrial Technology Development Program(JCKY2017110C0654)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11974063,61904023,62274018)+1 种基金Chongqing Special Postdoctoral Science Foundation(cstc2019jcyj-bsh0026)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021CDJQY-022).
文摘The interfacial defects and energy barrier are main reasons for interfacial nonradiative recombination.In addition,poor perovskite crystallization and incomplete conversion of PbI_(2) to perovskite restrict further enhancement of the photovoltaic performance of the devices using sequential deposition.Herein,a buried interface stabilization strategy that relies on the synergy of fluorine(F)and sulfonyl(S=O)functional groups is proposed.A series of potassium salts containing halide and non-halogen anions are employed to modify SnO_(2)/perovskite buried interface.Multiple chemical bonds including hydrogen bond,coordination bond and ionic bond are realized,which strengthens interfacial contact and defect passivation effect.The chemical interaction between modification molecules and perovskite along with SnO_(2) heightens incessantly as the number of S=O and F augments.The chemical interaction strength between modifiers and perovskite as well as SnO_(2) gradually increases with the increase in the number of S=O and F.The defect passivation effect is positively correlated with the chemical interaction strength.The crystallization kinetics is regulated through the compromise between chemical interaction strength and wettability of substrates.Compared with Cl−,all non-halogen anions perform better in crystallization optimization,energy band regulation and defect passivation.The device with potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide achieves a tempting efficiency of 24.17%.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62004058 and U21A2076)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(F2020202022)+5 种基金State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment(EERI_PI20200005)S&T Program of Hebei(215676146H and 225676163GH)Hebei Graduate Innovation Funding Project(CXZZBS2023037 and CXZZSS2023026)L.Ding thanks the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3803300)the open research fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(2021SLABFK02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21961160720).
文摘Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have attracted interest due to their simple fabrication,long-term stability,and small hysteresis[1-3].It is noteworthy that the quality of the hole-transport layer(HTL)largely determines the device performance.Nickel oxide(NiO_(x))has been paid great attention as a hole-transport material in PSCs because of its natural p-type property,low cost,good stability,and high transmittance[4,5].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62004058 and U21A2076)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(F2020202022)+5 种基金State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment(EERI_PI20200005)S&T Program of Hebei(215676146H and 225676163GH)Hebei Graduate Innovation Funding Project(CXZZBS2023037 and CXZZSS2023026)L.Ding thanks the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3803300)the open research fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(2021SLABFK02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21961160720).
文摘Halide perovskites show excellent photovoltaic properties[1−4].However,the preparation of high-quality perovskite crystals remains a great challenge,which limits their applications.Perovskite materials applied to photodetectors mainly include polycrystalline thin films and single crystals.Traditional solution methods are used to prepare polycrystalline thin films,and the films are full of defects such as voids and grain boundaries[5−7].Compared to polycrystalline thin films,perovskite single crystals possess high crystallinity and low defect density[8−10].Photodetectors based on perovskite single crystals exhibit excellent performance[11].However,the size limitation of single crystals hinders their application in photodetectors[12].
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62274018)the Xinjiang Construction Corps Key Areas of Science and Technology Research Project(Grant No.2023AB029)the Key Project of Chongqing Overseas Students Returning to China Entrepreneurship and Innovation Support Plan(Grant No.cx2023006).
文摘Wide-bandgap(WB)mixed-halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs)play a crucial role in perovskite-based tandem solar cells(TSCs),enabling them to exceed the Shockley-Queisser limits of single-junction solar cells.Nonetheless,the lack of stability in WB perovskite films due to photoinduced phase segregation undermines the stability of WB PSCs and their TSCs,thus impeding the commercialization of perovskite-based TSCs.Many efforts have been made to suppress photoinduced phase segregation in WB perovskite films and significant progresses have been obtained.In this review,we elaborate the mechanisms behind photoinduced phase segregation and its impact on the photovoltaic performance and stability of devices.The importance role of advanced characterization techniques in confirming the photoinduced phase segregation are comprehensively summarized.Beyond that,the effective strategies to alleviate photoinduced phase segregation in WB mixed halide PSCs are systematically assessed.Finally,the prospects for developing highly efficient and stable WB PSCs in tandem application are also presented.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3803300)the open research fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(2021SLABFK02)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21961160720 and 52203217)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M690805).
文摘Metal halide perovskite solar cell(PSC)has successfully distinguished itself in optoelectronic field by virtue of the sharp rise in power conversion efficiency over the past decade.The remarkable efficiency breakthrough at such a fast speed can be mainly attributed to the comprehensive study on film deposition techniques,especially the effective management of surface and interfacial defects in recent works.Herein,we summarized the current trends in performance enhancement for PSCs,with a focus on the generally applicable strategies in high-performance works,involving deposition methods,compositional engineering,additive engineering,crystallization manipulation,charge transport material selection,interfacial passivation,optical coupling effect and constructing tandem solar cells.Promising directions and perspectives are also provided.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62274018)the Xinjiang Construction Corps Key Areas of Science and Technology Research Project (2023AB029)the Key Project of Chongqing Overseas Students Returning to China Entrepreneurship and Innovation Support Plan (cx2023006)。
文摘Perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have stood out from many photovoltaic technologies due to their flexibility,cost-effectiveness and high-power conversion efficiency(PCE). Nevertheless, the further development of PSCs is greatly hindered by the trap-induced non-radiative recombination losses and poor long-term work stability. In the past decade, the huge advancements have been obtained on suppressing nonradiative recombination and enhancing device durability. Among them, the multisite ligands(MSLs) engineering plays a crucial role in precise control and directional modification of functional layers and interfaces,which contributes to markedly increased PCE and lifetimes of PSCs. In view of this, this review summarizes the advances of MSLs in PSCs. From the perspective of functional groups and chemical interaction,the modulation mechanisms of properties of different functional layers and interfaces and device performance via various MSLs are deeply investigated and revealed. Finally, the prospects for the application and development direction of MSLs in PSCs are legitimately proposed.
基金financially supported by the Support Plan for Overseas Students to Return to China for Entrepreneurship and Innovation(cx2020003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020CDJ-LHZZ-074 and 2021CDJQY-022)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyjmsxmX0629)。
文摘Although ionic liquids(ILs)have been widely employed to heal the defects in perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the corresponding defect passivation mechanisms are not thoroughly understood up to now.Herein,we first reveal an abnormal buried interface anion defect passivation mechanism depending on cationinduced steric hindrance.The IL molecules containing the same anion([BF4]^(-))and different sizes of imidazolium cations induced by substituent size are used to manipulate buried interface.It was revealed what passivated interfacial defects is mainly anions instead of cations.Theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the large-sized cations can weaken the ionic bond strength between anions and cations,and facilitate the interaction between anions and SnO2as well as perovskites,which is conducive to interfacial defect passivation and ameliorating interfacial contact.It can be concluded that interfacial chemical interaction strength and defect passivation effect are positively correlated with the size of cations.The discovery breaks conventional thinking that large-sized modification molecules would weaken their chemical interaction with perovskite.Compared with the control device(21.54%),the device based on 1,3-Bis(1-adamantyl)-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate(BAIMBF4)with maximum size cations achieves a significantly enhanced efficiency of 23.61%along with much increased moisture,thermal and light stabilities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62004058,U21A2076,21701041,52071048)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21961160720)+6 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(F2020202022)the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics(IOSKL2020KF09)State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment(EERI_PI20200005)the Support Plan for Overseas Students to Return to China for Entrepreneurship and Innovation(cx2020003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020CDJ-LHZZ-074)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyj-msxm X0629)the open research fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(2021SLABFK02)。
文摘Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are taking a leading position in thin-film optoelectronic devices due to their excellent optical,physical and electrical properties[1-4].Nevertheless,the stability issue of metal halide perovskite precursor solution severely retards the future industrialization of PSCs[5-7].In stoichiometry,slight solution composition change will induce severe degradation of device performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62004058,U21A2076,21701041,52071048)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(F2020202022)+6 种基金the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics(IOSKL2020KF09)State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment(EERI-PI20200005)the Support Plan for Overseas Students to Return to China for Entrepreneurship and Innovation(cx2020003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020CDJ-LHZZ-074)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0629).L.Ding thanks the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3803300)the open research fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(2021SLABFK02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21961160720).
文摘Facing the poor environmental stability of traditional methylammonium or formamidinium-based lead halide per-ovskites,scientists turn their attention to inorganic lead hal-ide perovskites(ILHPs)with narrow bandgaps,excellent thermal stability and reduced ion migration compared to their organic/inorganic counterparts[1−4].Up to now,the PCEs for ILHP solar cells exceed 21%[5].Especially,the preferred black ILHP(e.g.CsPbI3)with the smallest bandgap of~1.7 eV and single-halide composition for avoiding phase separation is crucial for high-performance single-junction solar cells and can be applied in tandem devices as the top cells[6,7].However,small Cs+(167 pm)in CsPbI3 with a tolerance factor close to 0.8 is unsuitable for the 3D PbI3-framework[8].The mis-matched size of cations will induce lattice strain and the per-ovskite spontaneously transforms to undesired non-photoact-ive yellow phase(δ-phase,like NH4CdCl3)(Fig.1(a))[9,10].There-fore,improving lattice symmetry and reducing lattice strain are the strategies for inhibiting the phase transition of ILHPs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62274018)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020CDJ-LHZZ-074)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0629)the Support Plan for Overseas Students to Return to China for Entrepreneurship and Innovation(cx2020003)L.Ding thanks the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3803300)the open research fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(2021SLABFK02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21961160720).
文摘Single-junction and tandem perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have achieved impressive power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 25.7%and 31.3%,respectively,which makes it to be one of next-generation photovoltaic technologies[1−9].Inter-face engineering[3,5,10−12],composition engineering[13]and ad-ditive engineering[7,14,15]have made remarkable contribu-tions to efficiency enhancement.Compared with efficiency,the long-term operational stability of PSCs jogs along,which is far from the requirements of commercialization.Currently,almost all regular n-i-p PSCs were accomplished with classic-al organic hole-transport materials(HTMs),i.e.,PTAA[16]and spiro-OMeTAD[2,4,6].However,the highly efficient PSCs with the above organic hole-transport layers(HTL)usually suffer from instability.To facilitate hole transport and extraction,LiTF-SI and tBP are frequently employed to dope organic HTLs but this would sacrifice device stability.The use of these hygro-scopic p-dopants endows the devices with poor moisture sta-bility.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(62274018,52462031)the Xinjiang Construction Corps Key Areas of Science and Technology Research Project(2023AB029)+1 种基金the Tianchi Talent Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2024,Jiangzhao Chen)the Key Project of Chongqing Overseas Students Returning to China Entrepreneurship and Innovation Support Plan(cx2023006).
文摘In the past 10 years,perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have undergone extremely rapid development,with a record certified power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 26.7%,which is very close to the limit efficiency.However,the inherent instability caused by ion migration impedes the realization of long-term operationally stable PSCs.In this review,the types and mechanisms of ion migration occurring in various functional layers of negative-intrinsic-positive(n-i-p)PSCs are summarized.Additionally,methods of suppressing ion migration are systematically discussed.Finally,the prospects of current challenges and future development directions are proposed to advance the achievement of high-performance regular PSCs with high stability and PCE.
文摘Printable solar cells(including perovskite solar cells and organic photovoltaic cells,etc.)are manufactured based on soluble/dispersible semiconductor materials via printing technologies.They have unique advantages of light weight,flexibility,adjustable color/transparency and low cost.In recent years,great breakthroughs have been made in the field of printable solar cells,and their energy conversion efficiency exceeds 25%,which is comparable to that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells.At present,this novel photovoltaic technology is expected to overcome the commercialization barrier.In this context,Materials Reports:Energy(MRE)specially planned a themed issue on printable solar cells.A number of high-quality papers are collected,aiming to introduce the latest progress in this field and provide a wide overview of theoretical and experimental progress and research results from materials to devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A2076,62274018,52462031)The S&T Program of Hebei(24464401D)+3 种基金The Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Hebei Province(226Z4305G)Hebei Province Higher Education Science and Technology Research Project(JZX2024030)Shijiazhuang Basic Research Project at Hebei-based Universities(241790847A)The Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(E2024202086,E2024202300).
文摘Labor-intensive,trial-and-error methods are frequently employed for modifying the perovskite surface to mitigate trap defects.There is an urgent need for rationally designed and efficient molecular passivators.To address the performance and stability challenges caused by defects in polycrystalline perovskite,we have rationally designed and tailored passivation molecules,4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic anhydride(TFBA),ethyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate(TFB),and 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid(PTF),to minimize interfacial energy loss and modulate the bandgap alignment for achieving efficient perovskite solar cells(PSCs).These molecules could target the perovskite surface defects,particularly Pb-I antisite defects,with the-COOH and trifluoromethyl functional groups at the edges.Among them,PTF exhibited superior passivation performance by coordinat-ing its carboxyl group withPb2+,effectively suppressing non-radiative recombination.Additionally,the fluorine sites in these molecules corrected lattice distortions and stabilized the perovskite structure through hydrogen bonding with MA/FA cations,reducing ion migration,and enhancing moisture resistance.As a result,PTF-modified PSCs achieved an efficiency of 25.57%and maintained over 85%of their initial efficiency after 1600 h of aging.This study provides a clear pathway for optimizing passivation strategies through rational molecular design.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62274018)the Xinjiang Construction Corps Key Areas of Science and Technology Research Project(2023AB029)the Key Project of Chongqing Overseas Students Returning to China Entrepreneurship and Innovation Support Plan(cx2023006).
文摘The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of perovskite solar cells,with their power conversion efficiency increasing from an initial 3.8%to over 26%,approaching the Shockley-Queisser(S-Q)limit for single-junction solar cells.Multijunction solar cells have garnered significant attention due to their tremendous potential to surpass the S-Q limit by reducing thermalization losses and wide light harvesting.The wide bandgap tunability of metal halide perovskite materials makes them highly suitable for sub-cells in tandem solar cells(TSCs).Currently,LONGi Green Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.in China has set a world record efficiency of 34.6% based on a dual-junction perovskitesilicon TSCs,far surpassing the single-junction efficiencies of each sub-cell.Consequently,perovskite based TSCs are widely regarded as the next-generation photovoltaic products in the solar industry.Despite the significant efficiency improvements,several challenges still impede the commercial application of perovskite based TSCs,such as the instability of perovskite materials and difficulties in achieving large-scale production.This review summarizes the progresses and optimization strategies of perovskite based TSCs.This review also identifies the critical issues hindering multijunction solar cells.Finally,the potential solutions to address these challenges are proposed to advance the development of perovskite based TSCs.
基金financially supported by the Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Project at Southwest United Graduate School(202302AO370013)Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Project of Key Research and Development Plan(202403AC100030)+2 种基金Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202401AU070200,202501AT070204)State Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Conversion and Utilization of Solar Energy(Innovation Fund Project SKLPCU24OP004)Natural Science Founda-tion of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022D01D079)。
文摘Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as promising photovoltaic candidates because of their high efficiency and cost-effective fabrication.However,abundant defects and inefficient charge transport critically compromise the device efficiency and stability.Phosphonic acid-based multifunctional molecules,mainly as self-assemble monolayer,have recently been demonstrated to be useful in improving the device performance of the inverted PSCs.Herein,we designed and synthesized a new multifunctional molecule,(2-(3,6-bis(trifluoromethoxy)-9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl)phosphonic acid(M28)as additive in perovskite precursor solution to fabricate high-efficiency and stable inverted PSCs.Through spontaneous segregation toward the buried interface and grain boundaries(GBs),M28 affords threefold roles in enhancing device performance:(1)slowing the crystallization rate and enlarging the grain sizes to improve the perovskite film quality,(2)passivating the defects at buried interface and GBs to suppress charge recombination,(3)inducing an extra electric field at the buried interface through p-type doping to promote hole transport.The resulting devices thus achieved a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 25.96%and impressive long-term operational stability:maintaining 80%of their initial efficiency after 1500 h tracking at the maximum power point.This work emphasizes the importance of exploration of new types of functional molecules in advancing PSCs.
基金the Support Plan for Overseas Students to Return to China for Entrepreneurship and Innovation(cx2020003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020CDJQY-A028 and 2020CDJ-LHZZ-074)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0629)。
文摘The deep-level traps at grain boundaries(GBs)and halide ion migration are quite challenging for further enhancement of the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)as well as for the elimination of notorious hysteresis.Herein,we report a large-sized strongly coordinated organic anion GB anchoring strategy for suppressing ion migration and passivating defects in planar PSCs.The practical implementation of this strategy involves the incorporation of potassium salts containing a large-sized organic counter anion(4-sulfobenzoic acid monopotassium salt,SAMS)into the perovskite precursor.It has been found that anions within SAMS can be firmly anchored at GBs due to the strong coordination interaction between C=O and/or S=O at both ends of bulky anion and undercoordinated Pb^(2+)and/or halide vacancies,along with the hydrogen bond between–OH and formamidinium.SAMS can not only passivate shallowlevel defects but also cause more effective passivation of the deep-level defects.The GB manipulation strategy results in a reduced defect density,an increased carrier lifetime as well as suppressed ion migration,which in turn contributed to enhanced efficiency and stability of PSCs together with a thorough elimination of hysteresis.As a result,the SAMSmodified device with an outstanding fill factor of 0.84 delivers a significant improvement in efficiency(22.7%)in comparison with the control device(20.3%).The unencapsulated modified device demonstrates only little degradation after 1320 h at 60℃.
