The estuarine tapertail anchovy(Coilia nasus)is a high-value commercial fish.Estimating the spawning site or hatchery origin and habitat is essential for its conservation.This study aimed to determine the habitat use ...The estuarine tapertail anchovy(Coilia nasus)is a high-value commercial fish.Estimating the spawning site or hatchery origin and habitat is essential for its conservation.This study aimed to determine the habitat use and life history characteristics of C.nasus from the Changjiang River Estuary.We investigated the environmental signatures of strontium(Sr)and calcium(Ca)in the otoliths of the collected specimens using electron probe microanalysis;additionally,we examined their gonadal maturity stage.Our results indicate that the 31 adult C.nasus specimens used in this study could be classified into two types based on their otolith Sr:Ca concentration ratios and their gonadal maturity stage.The long freshwater early life history type(Type LF)had wider central region in the otolith with low Sr:Ca concentration ratios ranging from 1.24±0.62 to 1.92±0.78 and a bluish pattern of low Sr content level.These fish are of riverine origin and had a relatively long early life history in freshwater and low gonadal maturation when captured.The short freshwater early life history type(Type SF)had a shorter central region in the otolith with low Sr:Ca concentration ratios ranging from 1.35±0.5 to 2.82±0.97 and a correspondingly bluish pattern.These fish also had a relatively short-term early life history in freshwater and high gonadal maturation when captured.The results of the otolith microchemical analysis indicated that Type LF and Type SF originated in spawning/hatching sites far from and close to the estuary,respectively.The mature gonads of Type SF fish indicated that they may breed in areas close to the estuary,whereas the immature gonads of Type LF fish indicated that they may breed in areas far from the estuary.This study is the first to reveal that the Changjiang River Estuary contains stocks of anadromous C.nasus originating in different spawning sites during the same season.The estuarine habitat plays a critical role in the connectivity between freshwater recruitment and the marine resources available to adult spawners of this commercially valued species.From a conservation perspective,this study provides important information for identifying anadromous C.nasus stocks originating in different spawning sites in the Changjiang River Basin.展开更多
The evolution history of the Yangtze River attracted increasing attention in recent years. Comparison of the properties of the floodplain sediments between the upper and lower reaches of the Three Gorges is of signifi...The evolution history of the Yangtze River attracted increasing attention in recent years. Comparison of the properties of the floodplain sediments between the upper and lower reaches of the Three Gorges is of significance to identify the material detrital sources for the Yangtze River Basin. Clinopyroxene （Cpx） is the typical mineral widely distributed in the sediments of the Yangtze River Ba- sin. Cpx was extracted from the fine sediments with the grain size ranging from 0.063 to 0.125 mm in the upper and lower reaches of the Three Gorges. The sediments, from which the Cpx was extracted, were taken from the floodplains of the catchments of both the Yangtze River and the Hanjiang River, as well as from the surface of the Zhoulao Core drilled in the center of the Jianghan Basin where the two rivers flow through. Geochemistry of these Cpx was investigated, concerning the contents of major elements measured by electron probe microanalysis （EPMA） and the contents of trace elements analyzed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （LA-ICP-MS）. The Cpx in the Yangtze River contains titaniferous augite which is sourced from the Panzhihua-Xichang region in South Sichuan Province, whereas the Cpx in the Hanjiang River is mainly from the surroundings without any titanif- erous augite. The REE analysis infers that the titaniferous augite is the diagnostic mineral of the upper Yangtze River, and thus could be used as a tracer mineral to identify the detrital sources for the sedi- ments formed during the evolution of the Yangtze River. The Cpx from the surface sediments of the Jianghan Plain （Zhoulao Core） shows comparable geochemical nature with that of the Yangtze River, but is different in geochemistry from that of the Hanjiang River, implying that the modern sediments in the Jianghan Plain are mainly sourced from the upper Yangtze River.展开更多
Differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes contributes to remyelination.Failure of remyelination due to oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death can result in severe n...Differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes contributes to remyelination.Failure of remyelination due to oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death can result in severe nerve damage.Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death caused by membrane rupture induced by lipid peroxidation,and plays an important role in the pathological process of ischemic stroke.However,there are few studies on oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis.We analyzed transcriptome sequencing data from GEO databases and identified a role of ferroptosis in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and myelin injury after cerebral ischemia.Bioinformatics analysis suggested that perilipin-2(PLIN2)was involved in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis.PLIN2 is a lipid storage protein and a marker of hypoxia-sensitive lipid droplet accumulation.For further investigation,we established a mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.We found significant myelin damage after cerebral ischemia,as well as oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and increased lipid peroxidation levels around the infarct area.The ferroptosis inhibitor,ferrostatin-1,rescued oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and subsequent myelin injury.We also found increased PLIN2 levels in the peri-infarct area that co-localized with oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.Plin2 knockdown rescued demyelination and improved neurological deficits.Our findings suggest that targeting PLIN2 to regulate oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for rescuing myelin damage after cerebral ischemia.展开更多
Infected necrotizing pancreatitis(INP)remains a life-threatening complication of acute pancreatitis.Despite advancements such as endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided drainage,lumen-apposing metal stents,and protocolized ...Infected necrotizing pancreatitis(INP)remains a life-threatening complication of acute pancreatitis.Despite advancements such as endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided drainage,lumen-apposing metal stents,and protocolized step-up strate-gies,the clinical practice remains heterogeneous,with variability in endoscopic strategies,procedural timing,device selection,and adjunctive techniques contri-buting to inconsistent outcomes.This review synthesizes current evidence to contribute to a structured framework integrating multidisciplinary team decision-making,advanced imaging(three-dimensional reconstruction,contrast-enhanced computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging),EUS assessment,and biomarker-driven risk stratification(C-reactive protein,procalcitonin)to optimize patient selection,intervention timing,and complication management.Key stan-dardization components include endoscopic assessment and procedural strate-gies,optimal timing of intervention,personalized approaches for complex pan-creatic collections,and techniques to reduce the number of endoscopic debride-ments and mitigate complications.This work aims to enhance clinical outcomes,minimize practice heterogeneity,and establish a foundation for future research and guideline development in endoscopic management of INP.展开更多
Pulpotomy,which belongs to vital pulp therapy,has become a strategy for managing pulpitis in recent decades.This minimally invasive treatment reflects the recognition of preserving healthy dental pulp and optimizing l...Pulpotomy,which belongs to vital pulp therapy,has become a strategy for managing pulpitis in recent decades.This minimally invasive treatment reflects the recognition of preserving healthy dental pulp and optimizing long-term patient-centered outcomes.Pulpotomy is categorized into partial pulpotomy(PP),the removal of a partial segment of the coronal pulp tissue,and full pulpotomy(FP),the removal of whole coronal pulp,which is followed by applying the biomaterials onto the remaining pulp tissue and ultimately restoring the tooth.Procedural decisions for the amount of pulp tissue removal or retention depend on the diagnostic of pulp vitality,the overall treatment plan,the patient’s general health status,and pulp inflammation reassessment during operation.This statement represents the consensus of an expert committee convened by the Society of Cariology and Endodontics,Chinese Stomatological Association.It addresses the current evidence to support the application of pulpotomy as a potential alternative to root canal treatment(RCT)on mature permanent teeth with pulpitis from a biological basis,the development of capping biomaterial,and the diagnostic considerations to evidence-based medicine.This expert statement intends to provide a clinical protocol of pulpotomy,which facilitates practitioners in choosing the optimal procedure and increasing their confidence in this rapidly evolving field.展开更多
Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)hold great promise for large-scale energy storage in the post-lithium-ion battery era due to their high rate performance and long lifespan,although their sluggish Na^(+) transformation kineti...Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)hold great promise for large-scale energy storage in the post-lithium-ion battery era due to their high rate performance and long lifespan,although their sluggish Na^(+) transformation kinetics still require improvement.Encouraged by the excellent electrochemical performance of titanium-based anode materials,here,we present a novel titanium vanadate@carbon(TVO@C)material as anode for SIBs.Our TVO@C material is synthesized via a facile coprecipitation method,with the following annealing process in an acetylene atomosphere.The opened ion channel and the oxygen vacancies within TVO@C facilitate the diffusion of Na^(+) ions,reducing their diffusion barrier.Thus,an ultrahigh rate of 100 A g^(-1)and long life of 10,000 cycles have been achieved.Furthermore,the TVO@C electrode exhibits stable performance,not only at room temperature,but also at temperatures as low as 20 C.The TVO@CjjNa_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)@C full cells have also achieved stable discharge/charge for 500 cycles.It is believed that this strategy provides new insight into the development of advanced electrodes and provides a new opportunity for constructing novel high rate electrodes.展开更多
Bone metastasis is the primary cause of mortality in breast cancer(BC)patients.The present study elucidates the functional role of the differentiated embryonic chondrocyte-expressed gene 1(DEC1)in promoting BC-related...Bone metastasis is the primary cause of mortality in breast cancer(BC)patients.The present study elucidates the functional role of the differentiated embryonic chondrocyte-expressed gene 1(DEC1)in promoting BC-related bone metastasis.Analysis of patient-derived samples and public databases revealed a significant upregulation of DEC1 and CXCR4 in breast tumors compared with adjacent normal tissues,with elevated levels correlating with increased metastatic potential,suggesting their synergistic involvement in BC progression.Intracardiac injection experiments demonstrated that Dec1-WT 4T1 cells induced more severe osteolysis and larger metastatic lesions than Dec1-KD 4T1 cells.In MDA-MB-231 cells,DEC1 overexpression(OE)upregulated CXCR4 and proliferation/migration-related genes,whereas DEC1 knockdown reversed these effects.Notably,AMD3100,a specific CXCR4 antagonist,partially reversed the DEC1-OE-induced upregulation of CXCR4 and associated pro-metastatic genes.Mechanistically,DEC1 bound to the CXCR4 promoter region(-230 to-326)and activated its transcription,corroborated by ChIP-seq data.Furthermore,pharmacological inhibition of AKT(LY294002)or JAK2(AZD1480),but not ERK(PD98059),attenuated DEC1-mediated CXCR4 upregulation,although all three inhibitors mitigated DEC1-driven migration-related gene expression.Additionally,DEC1 enhanced CXCL12 secretion from mesenchymal stromal cells and osteoblasts,amplifying the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis within the bone microenvironment.Collectively,our findings demonstrate that DEC1 promotes BC bone metastasis by directly transactivating CXCR4 expression,providing a molecular basis for targeting DEC1 to prevent and treat BC bone metastasis.展开更多
Apical microsurgery is accurate and minimally invasive,produces few complications,and has a success rate of more than 90%.However,due to the lack of awareness and understanding of apical microsurgery by dental general...Apical microsurgery is accurate and minimally invasive,produces few complications,and has a success rate of more than 90%.However,due to the lack of awareness and understanding of apical microsurgery by dental general practitioners and even endodontists,many clinical problems remain to be overcome.The consensus has gathered well-known domestic experts to hold a series of special discussions and reached the consensus.This document specifies the indications,contraindications,preoperative preparations,operational procedures,complication prevention measures,and efficacy evaluation of apical microsurgery and is applicable to dentists who perform apical microsurgery after systematic training.展开更多
Osteosarcoma(OS)is the most frequent primary bone sarcomas with high recurrence and poor prognosis.Emerging evidence indicates that membraneless organelles stress granules(SGs),whose assemblies are driven by scaffold ...Osteosarcoma(OS)is the most frequent primary bone sarcomas with high recurrence and poor prognosis.Emerging evidence indicates that membraneless organelles stress granules(SGs),whose assemblies are driven by scaffold protein G3BP1,are extensively involved in tumor,especially in OS.However,how SGs behave and communicate with organelles,particularly nucleoli and mitochondria,during drug challenges remain unknown.This study revealed that chemotherapeutic drugs activated the cysteine protease asparagine endopeptidase(AEP)to specifically cleave the SG core protein G3BP1 at N258/N309 in OS and malignant glioma.tG3BP1-Ns modulated SG dynamics by competitively binding to full-length G3BP1.Strikingly,tG3BP1-Cs,containing a conserved RNA recognition motif CCUBSCUS,sequestered mRNAs of ribosomal proteins and oxidative phosphorylation genes in the nucleoli and mitochondria to repress translation and oxidative stress.Moreover,the inhibition of AEP promoted the tumor-suppressing effect of chemotherapeutic drugs,whereas AEP-cleaved G3BP1 rescue reversed the effect in both OS and glioma models.Cancerous tissues exhibited high levels of AEP and G3BP1 truncations,which were strongly associated with poor prognosis.展开更多
We are deeply interested in the recent findings onβ-arrestin 2.Liu et al demonstrated thatβ-arrestin 2 knockout provides significant protection in diabetic nephropathy,underscoring its potential as a promising thera...We are deeply interested in the recent findings onβ-arrestin 2.Liu et al demonstrated thatβ-arrestin 2 knockout provides significant protection in diabetic nephropathy,underscoring its potential as a promising therapeutic target for diabetic nephropathy treatment.Furthermore,the role ofβ-arrestin 2 in metabolic regulation is equally critical,particularly in insulin signaling,hepatic glucose production,and adipose tissue function.Althoughβ-arrestin 2 plays a distinct role in metabolism and kidney protection,its tissue-specific regulation opens up valuable avenues for developing targeted therapeutic strategies centered onβ-arrestin 2.展开更多
Intentional tooth replantation(ITR)is an advanced treatment modality and the procedure of last resort for preserving teeth with inaccessible endodontic or resorptive lesions.ITR is defined as the deliberate extraction...Intentional tooth replantation(ITR)is an advanced treatment modality and the procedure of last resort for preserving teeth with inaccessible endodontic or resorptive lesions.ITR is defined as the deliberate extraction of a tooth;evaluation of the root surface,endodontic manipulation,and repair;and placement of the tooth back into its original socket.Case reports,case series,cohort studies,and randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of ITR in the retention of natural teeth that are untreatable or difficult to manage with root canal treatment or endodontic microsurgery.However,variations in clinical protocols for ITR exist due to the empirical nature of the original protocols and rapid advancements in the field of oral biology and dental materials.This heterogeneity in protocols may cause confusion among dental practitioners;therefore,guidelines and considerations for ITR should be explicated.This expert consensus discusses the biological foundation of ITR,the available clinical protocols and current status of ITR in treating teeth with refractory apical periodontitis or anatomical aberration,and the main complications of this treatment,aiming to refine the clinical management of ITR in accordance with the progress of basic research and clinical studies;the findings suggest that ITR may become a more consistent evidence-based option in dental treatment.展开更多
Microorganisms actively participate in biogeochemical cycling processes and play a crucial role in maintaining the dynamic balance of hot spring ecosystems.However,the distribution of microbial functional genes and th...Microorganisms actively participate in biogeochemical cycling processes and play a crucial role in maintaining the dynamic balance of hot spring ecosystems.However,the distribution of microbial functional genes and their influencing factors in hot springs remain largely unclear.Therefore,this study investigated the microbial functional genes and their potential for controlling biogeochemical cycles(C,N,S,and P) in the hot Springs of Tengchong,China,using the Geochip method,a functional gene microarray technology.The examined hot springs have very different microbial functional genes.A total of 22 736 gene probe signals were identified,belonging to 567 functional genes and associated with 15 ecological functions,mainly involving stress response,carbon cycle,nitrogen cycle,sulfur cycle,phosphorus cycle and energy processes.The amyA,narG,dsrA and ppx genes were most abundant in carbon,nitrogen,sulfur and phosphorus cycles,respectively,and were significantly correlated with pH,temperature and SO_(4)^(2-).The diversity and abundance of detected gene probes were negatively correlated with temperature.The α-diversity(i.e.,Shannon index) was high at low temperature and low pH.Molecular functional interactions revealed by the gene connectivity levels were negatively correlated with temperature,pH and SO_(4)^(2-).These results suggested that the abundance,diversity and interactions of microbial functional genes were significantly influenced by geochemical parameters.-In addition,some genera possessed functional genes related to carbon,nitrogen,sulfur,and phosphorus cycles and can synergistically control the biogeochemical cycles of carbon,nitrogen,sulfur and phosphorus.These findings provide new insights into the functional potentials of microorganisms to participate in biogeochemical cycles and their responses to environmental factors in hot springs.展开更多
Hatchery release is a common and effective practice for protecting and restoring wild resources,and the success of the practice is commonly assessed using mark-recapture technology.We investigated the use of different...Hatchery release is a common and effective practice for protecting and restoring wild resources,and the success of the practice is commonly assessed using mark-recapture technology.We investigated the use of different dimensional X-ray imaging techniques for the strontium(Sr)marking of fish fin rays for stocking.Megalobrama amblycephala juveniles were marked by culturing specimens in 800-mg/L SrCl_(2)·6 H_(2)O solution,the cross-sections of dorsal fin rays were subsequently obtained,and the concentrations Sr was analyzed by 2 D imaging using an electron probe X-ray microanalyzer.Our preliminary findings indicate that the immersion marking method is effective for the Sr marking of fin rays in experimental fish.Moreover,we generated a bird’s-eye-view 3 D mesh image of the Sr concentrations,which can provide a more comprehensive information for fish stocking than that using normal 2 D imaging.展开更多
BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)represents an innovative,protocoldriven perioperative care program designed to optimize patient outcomes.However,its application and efficacy in infants and children wit...BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)represents an innovative,protocoldriven perioperative care program designed to optimize patient outcomes.However,its application and efficacy in infants and children with Hirschsprung disease(HD)remain underexplored.AIM To delve into the impact of ERAS on perioperative recovery and the overall medical experience in HD infants and children.METHODS Thirty-eight infants and children with HD who received the Soave surgical procedure were enrolled in this case-control study.According to age-and sexstratified single-blind randomized tables,20 cases received ERAS treatment(ERAS group)and 18 cases received conventional treatment(control group).The two treatments were then compared in terms of perioperative recovery and medical experience.RESULTS Significant differences were observed in pain scores at awakening(4.2±1.3 vs 5.2±1.2,t=2.516,P=0.017)and pain duration(85.69±7.46 hours vs 67.00±8.56 hours,t=7.139,P<0.001)between the ERAS and control group.The recovery of bowel movement was earlier in the ERAS group than in the control group(borborygmus time:33.63±9.83 hours vs 44.69±16.85 hours,t=2.501,P=0.017;feeding time:36.63±9.55 hours vs 49.36±16.99 hours,t=2.884,P=0.007;anal catheter indwelling time:75.83±13.80 hours vs 93.36±20.65 hours,t=3.104,P=0.004),and fever duration(40.73±14.42 hours vs 52.63±18.69 hours,t=2.211,P=0.034).In the ERAS group,hospital stay was shorter(7.5±0.9 days vs 8.3±1.2 days)and the cost was lower(14203±2381 yuan vs 16847±3558 yuan).During the 1-month follow-up period,of the multiple postoperative complications observed,the occurrence of perianal dermatitis(PFisher=0.016)and defecation dysfunction(PFisher=0.027)were lower in the ERAS group than in the control group.CONCLUSION The ERAS protocol has the potential to profoundly enhance postoperative recovery and significantly elevate the overall comfort and quality of the medical experience,making it an indispensable approach that warrants widespread adoption.Continuous refinement through evidence-based practices is anticipated to further optimize its efficacy.展开更多
Global warming and human activities have reduced the concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the bottom water of lakes,resulting in increased anoxia in surface sediments.This increased anoxia likely alters carbon cyclin...Global warming and human activities have reduced the concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the bottom water of lakes,resulting in increased anoxia in surface sediments.This increased anoxia likely alters carbon cycling processes(e.g.,organic carbon mineralization)by altering microbial community composition and functions in lakes.However,it remains unclear how organic carbon mineralization responds to increased anoxia in surface sediments of lakes(particularly saline lakes).In this study,CO_(2)production in surface sediments of six lakes with different salinity(0.47-250 g/L)on the Tibetan Plateau was investigated using microcosm incubations under aerobic and anaerobic conditions,respectively,followed by geochemical and microbial analyses.The results showed that for the freshwater lake,CO_(2)production rates in anaerobic sediment microcosms were significantly(P<0.05)lower than their aerobic counterparts.In contrast,an opposite trend was observed for CO_(2)production in saline lakes.Furthermore,the CO_(2)production rates decreased significantly(P<0.05)under aerobic conditions,while it exhibited a hump-like relationship with increasing salinity under anaerobic conditions.Taken together,our results suggest that increased anoxia would enhance organic carbon mineralization in surface sediments of saline lakes and help understand carbon feedback on global changes in saline lakes.展开更多
Cancer-related fatigue(CRF)presents as a complex interplay between physical and mental fatigue,with mindfulness interventions offering a promising approach to alleviate both.These techniques,including mindfulness-base...Cancer-related fatigue(CRF)presents as a complex interplay between physical and mental fatigue,with mindfulness interventions offering a promising approach to alleviate both.These techniques,including mindfulness-based stress reduction,cognitive therapy,dialectical behavior therapy,and acceptance and commitment therapy,are designed to break the cycle of CRF by addressing its psychological and emotional aspects.This editorial integrates the latest research published by Liu et al,examining the reciprocal and harmful cyclical relationship between physical and mental CRF,and explores the causes and associated mindfulness interventions.We expect that future research will emphasize the identification and management of CRF,particularly focusing on the application of various mindfulness interventions in cancer survivors and patients undergoing cancer treatment,as well as the development of mindfulness in the era of new technologies.展开更多
Wang et al explored the metabolic improvement effects of jejunoileal side-to-side anastomosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),focusing on its multitarget metabolic regulatory potential through enhanced...Wang et al explored the metabolic improvement effects of jejunoileal side-to-side anastomosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),focusing on its multitarget metabolic regulatory potential through enhanced secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1.This surgical procedure alters the direction of nutrient flow,activates distal ileal L cells,and increases endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 levels,supporting glucose homeostasis,enhancing insulin sensitivity,regulating body weight,and improving cardiovascular health.This structural adjustment transforms the gastrointestinal tract into an active endocrine regulatory organ,providing a pathway for metabolic improvement in patients with T2DM and other complex metabolic disorders.Although this procedure demonstrates significant metabolic improvements within 3-6 months after surgery,integrating hormone level measurements,metabolic marker analysis,and long-term follow-up has become crucial for exploring the complex mechanisms of T2DM in the field of metabolic surgery and T2DM management.Multidisciplinary collaboration involving support from endocrinology,nutrition,and rehabilitation teams before and after surgery is becoming increasingly vital in the long-term management of patients with T2DM.This collaboration optimizes surgical outcomes and enhances metabolic management.Side-to-side anastomosis shows potential in the multitarget metabolic management of T2DM,providing an additional intervention option for patients with T2DM and metabolic disorders.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.31602159the Agricultural Finance Special Project under contract No.CJDC-2017-22the Scientific Research Foundation of Wuxi City for Returned Oversea Chinese Scholars under contract No.CZ2019231400.
文摘The estuarine tapertail anchovy(Coilia nasus)is a high-value commercial fish.Estimating the spawning site or hatchery origin and habitat is essential for its conservation.This study aimed to determine the habitat use and life history characteristics of C.nasus from the Changjiang River Estuary.We investigated the environmental signatures of strontium(Sr)and calcium(Ca)in the otoliths of the collected specimens using electron probe microanalysis;additionally,we examined their gonadal maturity stage.Our results indicate that the 31 adult C.nasus specimens used in this study could be classified into two types based on their otolith Sr:Ca concentration ratios and their gonadal maturity stage.The long freshwater early life history type(Type LF)had wider central region in the otolith with low Sr:Ca concentration ratios ranging from 1.24±0.62 to 1.92±0.78 and a bluish pattern of low Sr content level.These fish are of riverine origin and had a relatively long early life history in freshwater and low gonadal maturation when captured.The short freshwater early life history type(Type SF)had a shorter central region in the otolith with low Sr:Ca concentration ratios ranging from 1.35±0.5 to 2.82±0.97 and a correspondingly bluish pattern.These fish also had a relatively short-term early life history in freshwater and high gonadal maturation when captured.The results of the otolith microchemical analysis indicated that Type LF and Type SF originated in spawning/hatching sites far from and close to the estuary,respectively.The mature gonads of Type SF fish indicated that they may breed in areas close to the estuary,whereas the immature gonads of Type LF fish indicated that they may breed in areas far from the estuary.This study is the first to reveal that the Changjiang River Estuary contains stocks of anadromous C.nasus originating in different spawning sites during the same season.The estuarine habitat plays a critical role in the connectivity between freshwater recruitment and the marine resources available to adult spawners of this commercially valued species.From a conservation perspective,this study provides important information for identifying anadromous C.nasus stocks originating in different spawning sites in the Changjiang River Basin.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 40971008, 40771213)
文摘The evolution history of the Yangtze River attracted increasing attention in recent years. Comparison of the properties of the floodplain sediments between the upper and lower reaches of the Three Gorges is of significance to identify the material detrital sources for the Yangtze River Basin. Clinopyroxene （Cpx） is the typical mineral widely distributed in the sediments of the Yangtze River Ba- sin. Cpx was extracted from the fine sediments with the grain size ranging from 0.063 to 0.125 mm in the upper and lower reaches of the Three Gorges. The sediments, from which the Cpx was extracted, were taken from the floodplains of the catchments of both the Yangtze River and the Hanjiang River, as well as from the surface of the Zhoulao Core drilled in the center of the Jianghan Basin where the two rivers flow through. Geochemistry of these Cpx was investigated, concerning the contents of major elements measured by electron probe microanalysis （EPMA） and the contents of trace elements analyzed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （LA-ICP-MS）. The Cpx in the Yangtze River contains titaniferous augite which is sourced from the Panzhihua-Xichang region in South Sichuan Province, whereas the Cpx in the Hanjiang River is mainly from the surroundings without any titanif- erous augite. The REE analysis infers that the titaniferous augite is the diagnostic mineral of the upper Yangtze River, and thus could be used as a tracer mineral to identify the detrital sources for the sedi- ments formed during the evolution of the Yangtze River. The Cpx from the surface sediments of the Jianghan Plain （Zhoulao Core） shows comparable geochemical nature with that of the Yangtze River, but is different in geochemistry from that of the Hanjiang River, implying that the modern sediments in the Jianghan Plain are mainly sourced from the upper Yangtze River.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82071307(to HL),82271362(to HL),82171294(to JW),82371303(to JW),and 82301460(to PX)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,No.BK20211552(to HL)+1 种基金Suzhou Medical Technology Innovation Project-Clinical Frontier,No.SKY2022002(to ZY)the Science and Education Foundation for Health of Suzhou for Youth,No.KJXW2023001(to XL)。
文摘Differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes contributes to remyelination.Failure of remyelination due to oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death can result in severe nerve damage.Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death caused by membrane rupture induced by lipid peroxidation,and plays an important role in the pathological process of ischemic stroke.However,there are few studies on oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis.We analyzed transcriptome sequencing data from GEO databases and identified a role of ferroptosis in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and myelin injury after cerebral ischemia.Bioinformatics analysis suggested that perilipin-2(PLIN2)was involved in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis.PLIN2 is a lipid storage protein and a marker of hypoxia-sensitive lipid droplet accumulation.For further investigation,we established a mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.We found significant myelin damage after cerebral ischemia,as well as oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and increased lipid peroxidation levels around the infarct area.The ferroptosis inhibitor,ferrostatin-1,rescued oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and subsequent myelin injury.We also found increased PLIN2 levels in the peri-infarct area that co-localized with oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.Plin2 knockdown rescued demyelination and improved neurological deficits.Our findings suggest that targeting PLIN2 to regulate oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for rescuing myelin damage after cerebral ischemia.
基金Supported by the Education and Teaching Reform Project of the First Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University,No.CMER202305Natural Science Foundation of Xizang Autonomous Region,No.XZ2024ZR-ZY100(Z)Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine,Chongqing Medical University,China,No.W0138.
文摘Infected necrotizing pancreatitis(INP)remains a life-threatening complication of acute pancreatitis.Despite advancements such as endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided drainage,lumen-apposing metal stents,and protocolized step-up strate-gies,the clinical practice remains heterogeneous,with variability in endoscopic strategies,procedural timing,device selection,and adjunctive techniques contri-buting to inconsistent outcomes.This review synthesizes current evidence to contribute to a structured framework integrating multidisciplinary team decision-making,advanced imaging(three-dimensional reconstruction,contrast-enhanced computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging),EUS assessment,and biomarker-driven risk stratification(C-reactive protein,procalcitonin)to optimize patient selection,intervention timing,and complication management.Key stan-dardization components include endoscopic assessment and procedural strate-gies,optimal timing of intervention,personalized approaches for complex pan-creatic collections,and techniques to reduce the number of endoscopic debride-ments and mitigate complications.This work aims to enhance clinical outcomes,minimize practice heterogeneity,and establish a foundation for future research and guideline development in endoscopic management of INP.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82170941 and 82370948 to Lu Zhang,82071110 and 82230029 to Zhi Chen)the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1105100)。
文摘Pulpotomy,which belongs to vital pulp therapy,has become a strategy for managing pulpitis in recent decades.This minimally invasive treatment reflects the recognition of preserving healthy dental pulp and optimizing long-term patient-centered outcomes.Pulpotomy is categorized into partial pulpotomy(PP),the removal of a partial segment of the coronal pulp tissue,and full pulpotomy(FP),the removal of whole coronal pulp,which is followed by applying the biomaterials onto the remaining pulp tissue and ultimately restoring the tooth.Procedural decisions for the amount of pulp tissue removal or retention depend on the diagnostic of pulp vitality,the overall treatment plan,the patient’s general health status,and pulp inflammation reassessment during operation.This statement represents the consensus of an expert committee convened by the Society of Cariology and Endodontics,Chinese Stomatological Association.It addresses the current evidence to support the application of pulpotomy as a potential alternative to root canal treatment(RCT)on mature permanent teeth with pulpitis from a biological basis,the development of capping biomaterial,and the diagnostic considerations to evidence-based medicine.This expert statement intends to provide a clinical protocol of pulpotomy,which facilitates practitioners in choosing the optimal procedure and increasing their confidence in this rapidly evolving field.
基金supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(22105118)Nature Science Foundation of Shandong Provinces(ZR2021QB095)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020TQ0183 and 2021M701979).
文摘Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)hold great promise for large-scale energy storage in the post-lithium-ion battery era due to their high rate performance and long lifespan,although their sluggish Na^(+) transformation kinetics still require improvement.Encouraged by the excellent electrochemical performance of titanium-based anode materials,here,we present a novel titanium vanadate@carbon(TVO@C)material as anode for SIBs.Our TVO@C material is synthesized via a facile coprecipitation method,with the following annealing process in an acetylene atomosphere.The opened ion channel and the oxygen vacancies within TVO@C facilitate the diffusion of Na^(+) ions,reducing their diffusion barrier.Thus,an ultrahigh rate of 100 A g^(-1)and long life of 10,000 cycles have been achieved.Furthermore,the TVO@C electrode exhibits stable performance,not only at room temperature,but also at temperatures as low as 20 C.The TVO@CjjNa_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)@C full cells have also achieved stable discharge/charge for 500 cycles.It is believed that this strategy provides new insight into the development of advanced electrodes and provides a new opportunity for constructing novel high rate electrodes.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82073934,81872937)Office of Jiangsu Provincial Academic Degrees Committee(Grant No.JX10114120).
文摘Bone metastasis is the primary cause of mortality in breast cancer(BC)patients.The present study elucidates the functional role of the differentiated embryonic chondrocyte-expressed gene 1(DEC1)in promoting BC-related bone metastasis.Analysis of patient-derived samples and public databases revealed a significant upregulation of DEC1 and CXCR4 in breast tumors compared with adjacent normal tissues,with elevated levels correlating with increased metastatic potential,suggesting their synergistic involvement in BC progression.Intracardiac injection experiments demonstrated that Dec1-WT 4T1 cells induced more severe osteolysis and larger metastatic lesions than Dec1-KD 4T1 cells.In MDA-MB-231 cells,DEC1 overexpression(OE)upregulated CXCR4 and proliferation/migration-related genes,whereas DEC1 knockdown reversed these effects.Notably,AMD3100,a specific CXCR4 antagonist,partially reversed the DEC1-OE-induced upregulation of CXCR4 and associated pro-metastatic genes.Mechanistically,DEC1 bound to the CXCR4 promoter region(-230 to-326)and activated its transcription,corroborated by ChIP-seq data.Furthermore,pharmacological inhibition of AKT(LY294002)or JAK2(AZD1480),but not ERK(PD98059),attenuated DEC1-mediated CXCR4 upregulation,although all three inhibitors mitigated DEC1-driven migration-related gene expression.Additionally,DEC1 enhanced CXCL12 secretion from mesenchymal stromal cells and osteoblasts,amplifying the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis within the bone microenvironment.Collectively,our findings demonstrate that DEC1 promotes BC bone metastasis by directly transactivating CXCR4 expression,providing a molecular basis for targeting DEC1 to prevent and treat BC bone metastasis.
文摘Apical microsurgery is accurate and minimally invasive,produces few complications,and has a success rate of more than 90%.However,due to the lack of awareness and understanding of apical microsurgery by dental general practitioners and even endodontists,many clinical problems remain to be overcome.The consensus has gathered well-known domestic experts to hold a series of special discussions and reached the consensus.This document specifies the indications,contraindications,preoperative preparations,operational procedures,complication prevention measures,and efficacy evaluation of apical microsurgery and is applicable to dentists who perform apical microsurgery after systematic training.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant number 2023ZD0502206,2024YFB3213200,Topic No.2024YFB3213204)National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.82273278,82373514,82373202,82272728,82002630,81772654)+5 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant number 2022YFC2404602)Shanghai Hospital Development Center Foundation(grant number SHDC12023108)Scientific and Technological Innovation Action Plan of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(grant number 22Y31900103)Beijing Science and Technology Innovation Medical Development Foundation(grant number KC2021-JX-0170-9)the Shanghai Association for Science and Technology(nos.201409003000,201409002400,20YF1426200)Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(grant number 23Y41900100).
文摘Osteosarcoma(OS)is the most frequent primary bone sarcomas with high recurrence and poor prognosis.Emerging evidence indicates that membraneless organelles stress granules(SGs),whose assemblies are driven by scaffold protein G3BP1,are extensively involved in tumor,especially in OS.However,how SGs behave and communicate with organelles,particularly nucleoli and mitochondria,during drug challenges remain unknown.This study revealed that chemotherapeutic drugs activated the cysteine protease asparagine endopeptidase(AEP)to specifically cleave the SG core protein G3BP1 at N258/N309 in OS and malignant glioma.tG3BP1-Ns modulated SG dynamics by competitively binding to full-length G3BP1.Strikingly,tG3BP1-Cs,containing a conserved RNA recognition motif CCUBSCUS,sequestered mRNAs of ribosomal proteins and oxidative phosphorylation genes in the nucleoli and mitochondria to repress translation and oxidative stress.Moreover,the inhibition of AEP promoted the tumor-suppressing effect of chemotherapeutic drugs,whereas AEP-cleaved G3BP1 rescue reversed the effect in both OS and glioma models.Cancerous tissues exhibited high levels of AEP and G3BP1 truncations,which were strongly associated with poor prognosis.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82471616,No.82170418,and No.82271618Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,No.2022CFA015+2 种基金Central Guiding Local Science and Technology Development Project,No.2022BGE237Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province,No.2022BCE001,and No.2023BCB139Hubei Provincial Health Commission Project,No.WJ2023M151。
文摘We are deeply interested in the recent findings onβ-arrestin 2.Liu et al demonstrated thatβ-arrestin 2 knockout provides significant protection in diabetic nephropathy,underscoring its potential as a promising therapeutic target for diabetic nephropathy treatment.Furthermore,the role ofβ-arrestin 2 in metabolic regulation is equally critical,particularly in insulin signaling,hepatic glucose production,and adipose tissue function.Althoughβ-arrestin 2 plays a distinct role in metabolism and kidney protection,its tissue-specific regulation opens up valuable avenues for developing targeted therapeutic strategies centered onβ-arrestin 2.
文摘Intentional tooth replantation(ITR)is an advanced treatment modality and the procedure of last resort for preserving teeth with inaccessible endodontic or resorptive lesions.ITR is defined as the deliberate extraction of a tooth;evaluation of the root surface,endodontic manipulation,and repair;and placement of the tooth back into its original socket.Case reports,case series,cohort studies,and randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of ITR in the retention of natural teeth that are untreatable or difficult to manage with root canal treatment or endodontic microsurgery.However,variations in clinical protocols for ITR exist due to the empirical nature of the original protocols and rapid advancements in the field of oral biology and dental materials.This heterogeneity in protocols may cause confusion among dental practitioners;therefore,guidelines and considerations for ITR should be explicated.This expert consensus discusses the biological foundation of ITR,the available clinical protocols and current status of ITR in treating teeth with refractory apical periodontitis or anatomical aberration,and the main complications of this treatment,aiming to refine the clinical management of ITR in accordance with the progress of basic research and clinical studies;the findings suggest that ITR may become a more consistent evidence-based option in dental treatment.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42172339,91951205)。
文摘Microorganisms actively participate in biogeochemical cycling processes and play a crucial role in maintaining the dynamic balance of hot spring ecosystems.However,the distribution of microbial functional genes and their influencing factors in hot springs remain largely unclear.Therefore,this study investigated the microbial functional genes and their potential for controlling biogeochemical cycles(C,N,S,and P) in the hot Springs of Tengchong,China,using the Geochip method,a functional gene microarray technology.The examined hot springs have very different microbial functional genes.A total of 22 736 gene probe signals were identified,belonging to 567 functional genes and associated with 15 ecological functions,mainly involving stress response,carbon cycle,nitrogen cycle,sulfur cycle,phosphorus cycle and energy processes.The amyA,narG,dsrA and ppx genes were most abundant in carbon,nitrogen,sulfur and phosphorus cycles,respectively,and were significantly correlated with pH,temperature and SO_(4)^(2-).The diversity and abundance of detected gene probes were negatively correlated with temperature.The α-diversity(i.e.,Shannon index) was high at low temperature and low pH.Molecular functional interactions revealed by the gene connectivity levels were negatively correlated with temperature,pH and SO_(4)^(2-).These results suggested that the abundance,diversity and interactions of microbial functional genes were significantly influenced by geochemical parameters.-In addition,some genera possessed functional genes related to carbon,nitrogen,sulfur,and phosphorus cycles and can synergistically control the biogeochemical cycles of carbon,nitrogen,sulfur and phosphorus.These findings provide new insights into the functional potentials of microorganisms to participate in biogeochemical cycles and their responses to environmental factors in hot springs.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022 YFF 0608203)the Graduate Student Scientific Research Innovation Projects in Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX 22-0706)。
文摘Hatchery release is a common and effective practice for protecting and restoring wild resources,and the success of the practice is commonly assessed using mark-recapture technology.We investigated the use of different dimensional X-ray imaging techniques for the strontium(Sr)marking of fish fin rays for stocking.Megalobrama amblycephala juveniles were marked by culturing specimens in 800-mg/L SrCl_(2)·6 H_(2)O solution,the cross-sections of dorsal fin rays were subsequently obtained,and the concentrations Sr was analyzed by 2 D imaging using an electron probe X-ray microanalyzer.Our preliminary findings indicate that the immersion marking method is effective for the Sr marking of fin rays in experimental fish.Moreover,we generated a bird’s-eye-view 3 D mesh image of the Sr concentrations,which can provide a more comprehensive information for fish stocking than that using normal 2 D imaging.
基金Supported by the Project of Mianyang Central Hospital,School of Medicine,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,No.2021YJ005the Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province,China,No.2019YJ0701。
文摘BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)represents an innovative,protocoldriven perioperative care program designed to optimize patient outcomes.However,its application and efficacy in infants and children with Hirschsprung disease(HD)remain underexplored.AIM To delve into the impact of ERAS on perioperative recovery and the overall medical experience in HD infants and children.METHODS Thirty-eight infants and children with HD who received the Soave surgical procedure were enrolled in this case-control study.According to age-and sexstratified single-blind randomized tables,20 cases received ERAS treatment(ERAS group)and 18 cases received conventional treatment(control group).The two treatments were then compared in terms of perioperative recovery and medical experience.RESULTS Significant differences were observed in pain scores at awakening(4.2±1.3 vs 5.2±1.2,t=2.516,P=0.017)and pain duration(85.69±7.46 hours vs 67.00±8.56 hours,t=7.139,P<0.001)between the ERAS and control group.The recovery of bowel movement was earlier in the ERAS group than in the control group(borborygmus time:33.63±9.83 hours vs 44.69±16.85 hours,t=2.501,P=0.017;feeding time:36.63±9.55 hours vs 49.36±16.99 hours,t=2.884,P=0.007;anal catheter indwelling time:75.83±13.80 hours vs 93.36±20.65 hours,t=3.104,P=0.004),and fever duration(40.73±14.42 hours vs 52.63±18.69 hours,t=2.211,P=0.034).In the ERAS group,hospital stay was shorter(7.5±0.9 days vs 8.3±1.2 days)and the cost was lower(14203±2381 yuan vs 16847±3558 yuan).During the 1-month follow-up period,of the multiple postoperative complications observed,the occurrence of perianal dermatitis(PFisher=0.016)and defecation dysfunction(PFisher=0.027)were lower in the ERAS group than in the control group.CONCLUSION The ERAS protocol has the potential to profoundly enhance postoperative recovery and significantly elevate the overall comfort and quality of the medical experience,making it an indispensable approach that warrants widespread adoption.Continuous refinement through evidence-based practices is anticipated to further optimize its efficacy.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42272356,92251304)the Kunlun Talented People of Qinghai Province,High-End Innovation and Entrepreneurship talents(Grant to Jiang Hongchen)+4 种基金the Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes(the Science and Technology Plan Project of Qinghai Province Incentive Fund,No.2024-KFKTA08)the 111 Program(the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs&the Ministry of Education of China,No.B18049)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(Polymenakou et al.)(No.2019QZKK0805)the Science and Technology Plan Project of Qinghai Province(No.2022-ZJ-Y08)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)。
文摘Global warming and human activities have reduced the concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the bottom water of lakes,resulting in increased anoxia in surface sediments.This increased anoxia likely alters carbon cycling processes(e.g.,organic carbon mineralization)by altering microbial community composition and functions in lakes.However,it remains unclear how organic carbon mineralization responds to increased anoxia in surface sediments of lakes(particularly saline lakes).In this study,CO_(2)production in surface sediments of six lakes with different salinity(0.47-250 g/L)on the Tibetan Plateau was investigated using microcosm incubations under aerobic and anaerobic conditions,respectively,followed by geochemical and microbial analyses.The results showed that for the freshwater lake,CO_(2)production rates in anaerobic sediment microcosms were significantly(P<0.05)lower than their aerobic counterparts.In contrast,an opposite trend was observed for CO_(2)production in saline lakes.Furthermore,the CO_(2)production rates decreased significantly(P<0.05)under aerobic conditions,while it exhibited a hump-like relationship with increasing salinity under anaerobic conditions.Taken together,our results suggest that increased anoxia would enhance organic carbon mineralization in surface sediments of saline lakes and help understand carbon feedback on global changes in saline lakes.
基金Supported by Education and Teaching Reform Project of the First Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University,No.CMER202305Natural Science Foundation of Tibet Autonomous Region,No.XZ2024ZR-ZY100(Z)the Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine,Chongqing Medical University,China,No.W0138.
文摘Cancer-related fatigue(CRF)presents as a complex interplay between physical and mental fatigue,with mindfulness interventions offering a promising approach to alleviate both.These techniques,including mindfulness-based stress reduction,cognitive therapy,dialectical behavior therapy,and acceptance and commitment therapy,are designed to break the cycle of CRF by addressing its psychological and emotional aspects.This editorial integrates the latest research published by Liu et al,examining the reciprocal and harmful cyclical relationship between physical and mental CRF,and explores the causes and associated mindfulness interventions.We expect that future research will emphasize the identification and management of CRF,particularly focusing on the application of various mindfulness interventions in cancer survivors and patients undergoing cancer treatment,as well as the development of mindfulness in the era of new technologies.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82471616,No.82170418 and No.82271618Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,No.2022CFA015+2 种基金Central Guiding Local Science and Technology Development Project,No.2022BGE237Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province,No.2022BCE001 and No.2023BCB139Hubei Provincial Health Commission Project,No.WJ2023M151。
文摘Wang et al explored the metabolic improvement effects of jejunoileal side-to-side anastomosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),focusing on its multitarget metabolic regulatory potential through enhanced secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1.This surgical procedure alters the direction of nutrient flow,activates distal ileal L cells,and increases endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 levels,supporting glucose homeostasis,enhancing insulin sensitivity,regulating body weight,and improving cardiovascular health.This structural adjustment transforms the gastrointestinal tract into an active endocrine regulatory organ,providing a pathway for metabolic improvement in patients with T2DM and other complex metabolic disorders.Although this procedure demonstrates significant metabolic improvements within 3-6 months after surgery,integrating hormone level measurements,metabolic marker analysis,and long-term follow-up has become crucial for exploring the complex mechanisms of T2DM in the field of metabolic surgery and T2DM management.Multidisciplinary collaboration involving support from endocrinology,nutrition,and rehabilitation teams before and after surgery is becoming increasingly vital in the long-term management of patients with T2DM.This collaboration optimizes surgical outcomes and enhances metabolic management.Side-to-side anastomosis shows potential in the multitarget metabolic management of T2DM,providing an additional intervention option for patients with T2DM and metabolic disorders.
