The uncertainty and variability of advancing wildfires present significant challenges to the resilience of power systems.This paper proposes a hierarchical dispatch strategy of multi-type virtual power plants (VPPs) f...The uncertainty and variability of advancing wildfires present significant challenges to the resilience of power systems.This paper proposes a hierarchical dispatch strategy of multi-type virtual power plants (VPPs) for enhancing resilience of power systems under wildfires,which encompass geographically distributed VPPs (GDVPPs) based on Internet data centers (IDCs) and geographically concentrated VPPs (GCVPPs) that aggregate flexible loads (FLs).The proposed strategy enhances resistance to wildfire-induced uncertainties by facilitating coordinated operations between these two types of VPPs.At the upper level,an improved maximum flow model is introduced to quantify the dynamic changes in the workload transfer capability of IDC (WTCI) under wildfire conditions,and stochastic model predictive control (SMPC) is employed to perform rolling optimization of generator outputs,IDC workload transfers,and load shedding,thereby minimizing the total regulation costs.Based on the load shedding instructions from the upper level,the lower level integrates GCVPPs to provide load curtailment services,effectively offsetting the load shedding power.Subsequently,the lower level feeds back the load rebound (LR) resulting from these load curtailment services to the upper-level strategy,serving as a basis for its rolling optimization.The SMPC integrates an event-driven deductive model to address the fine-grained modeling of the operational state,effectively overcoming challenges posed by discrepancies in simulation time steps arising from power system cascading failures,variations in IDC adjustment capacity,and LR effects.Finally,a modified 39-bus power system,integrated with an 8-bus IDC network,is used as a case study to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.展开更多
Active distribution network(ADN)is a solution for power system with interconnection of distributed energy resources(DER),which may change the network operation and power flow of traditional power distribution network....Active distribution network(ADN)is a solution for power system with interconnection of distributed energy resources(DER),which may change the network operation and power flow of traditional power distribution network.However,in some circumstances the malfunction of protection and feeder automation in distribution network occurs due to the uncertain bidirectional power flow.Therefore,a novel method of fault location,isolation,and service restoration(FLISR)for ADN based on distributed processing is proposed in this paper.The differential-activated algorithm based on synchronous sampling for feeder fault location and isolation is studied,and a framework of fault restoration is established for ADN.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified via computer simulation of a case study for active distributed power system.展开更多
With the help of advanced information technology,real-time monitoring and control levels of cyber-physical distribution systems(CPDS)have been significantly improved.However due to the deep integration of cyber and ph...With the help of advanced information technology,real-time monitoring and control levels of cyber-physical distribution systems(CPDS)have been significantly improved.However due to the deep integration of cyber and physical systems,attackers could still threaten the stable operation of CPDS by launching cyber-attacks,such as denial-of-service(DoS)attacks.Thus,it is necessary to study the CPDS risk assessment and defense resource allocation methods under DoS attacks.This paper analyzes the impact of DoS attacks on the physical system based on the CPDS fault self-healing control.Then,considering attacker and defender strategies and attack damage,a CPDS risk assessment framework is established.Furthermore,risk assessment and defense resource allocation methods,based on the Stackelberg dynamic game model,are proposed under conditions in which the cyber and physical systems are launched simultaneously.Finally,a simulation based on an actual CPDS is performed,and the calculation results verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.展开更多
In order to deal with frequency deviation andsupply-demand imbalance in active distribution power system, inthis paper a distributed under frequency load shedding (UFLS)strategy is proposed. Different from conventiona...In order to deal with frequency deviation andsupply-demand imbalance in active distribution power system, inthis paper a distributed under frequency load shedding (UFLS)strategy is proposed. Different from conventional centralizedUFLS schemes, no centralized master station gathering all thebuses’ information is required. Instead, each bus decides itsown load shedding amount by only relying on limited peer-topeer communication. However, such UFLS strategy may sufferfrom some unexpected cyber-attacks such as integrity attacksand denial of service (DoS) attack. The latter DoS attack aimsto degrade the system performance by jamming or breakingthe communication, which is of high probability to happen inpractical power system. To assess the vulnerability of proposeddistributed UFLS algorithm, the effect of DoS attack on distributed average consensus algorithm is theoretically derived,which indicates that the final consensus value can be estimatedby a given attack probability. It is also investigated that such DoSattack does harm to the load shedding amount and finally affectsthe system frequency performance in the active distributionpower system. Several case studies implemented on an IEEE33-bus active distribution power system are conducted to verifythe effectiveness of the theoretical findings and investigate thevulnerability of the considered power system.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Key Program of Joint Fund in Smart Grid(No.U2166210).
文摘The uncertainty and variability of advancing wildfires present significant challenges to the resilience of power systems.This paper proposes a hierarchical dispatch strategy of multi-type virtual power plants (VPPs) for enhancing resilience of power systems under wildfires,which encompass geographically distributed VPPs (GDVPPs) based on Internet data centers (IDCs) and geographically concentrated VPPs (GCVPPs) that aggregate flexible loads (FLs).The proposed strategy enhances resistance to wildfire-induced uncertainties by facilitating coordinated operations between these two types of VPPs.At the upper level,an improved maximum flow model is introduced to quantify the dynamic changes in the workload transfer capability of IDC (WTCI) under wildfire conditions,and stochastic model predictive control (SMPC) is employed to perform rolling optimization of generator outputs,IDC workload transfers,and load shedding,thereby minimizing the total regulation costs.Based on the load shedding instructions from the upper level,the lower level integrates GCVPPs to provide load curtailment services,effectively offsetting the load shedding power.Subsequently,the lower level feeds back the load rebound (LR) resulting from these load curtailment services to the upper-level strategy,serving as a basis for its rolling optimization.The SMPC integrates an event-driven deductive model to address the fine-grained modeling of the operational state,effectively overcoming challenges posed by discrepancies in simulation time steps arising from power system cascading failures,variations in IDC adjustment capacity,and LR effects.Finally,a modified 39-bus power system,integrated with an 8-bus IDC network,is used as a case study to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
基金This paper was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2014AA051902).
文摘Active distribution network(ADN)is a solution for power system with interconnection of distributed energy resources(DER),which may change the network operation and power flow of traditional power distribution network.However,in some circumstances the malfunction of protection and feeder automation in distribution network occurs due to the uncertain bidirectional power flow.Therefore,a novel method of fault location,isolation,and service restoration(FLISR)for ADN based on distributed processing is proposed in this paper.The differential-activated algorithm based on synchronous sampling for feeder fault location and isolation is studied,and a framework of fault restoration is established for ADN.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified via computer simulation of a case study for active distributed power system.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0903000)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51677116).
文摘With the help of advanced information technology,real-time monitoring and control levels of cyber-physical distribution systems(CPDS)have been significantly improved.However due to the deep integration of cyber and physical systems,attackers could still threaten the stable operation of CPDS by launching cyber-attacks,such as denial-of-service(DoS)attacks.Thus,it is necessary to study the CPDS risk assessment and defense resource allocation methods under DoS attacks.This paper analyzes the impact of DoS attacks on the physical system based on the CPDS fault self-healing control.Then,considering attacker and defender strategies and attack damage,a CPDS risk assessment framework is established.Furthermore,risk assessment and defense resource allocation methods,based on the Stackelberg dynamic game model,are proposed under conditions in which the cyber and physical systems are launched simultaneously.Finally,a simulation based on an actual CPDS is performed,and the calculation results verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0903000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51677116)Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province under Grant 2019C01149,in part by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China under Grant 5211DS180031.
文摘In order to deal with frequency deviation andsupply-demand imbalance in active distribution power system, inthis paper a distributed under frequency load shedding (UFLS)strategy is proposed. Different from conventional centralizedUFLS schemes, no centralized master station gathering all thebuses’ information is required. Instead, each bus decides itsown load shedding amount by only relying on limited peer-topeer communication. However, such UFLS strategy may sufferfrom some unexpected cyber-attacks such as integrity attacksand denial of service (DoS) attack. The latter DoS attack aimsto degrade the system performance by jamming or breakingthe communication, which is of high probability to happen inpractical power system. To assess the vulnerability of proposeddistributed UFLS algorithm, the effect of DoS attack on distributed average consensus algorithm is theoretically derived,which indicates that the final consensus value can be estimatedby a given attack probability. It is also investigated that such DoSattack does harm to the load shedding amount and finally affectsthe system frequency performance in the active distributionpower system. Several case studies implemented on an IEEE33-bus active distribution power system are conducted to verifythe effectiveness of the theoretical findings and investigate thevulnerability of the considered power system.
