The rapid proliferation of renewable energy integration and escalating grid operational complexity have intensified demands for resilient self-healing mechanisms in modern power systems.Conventional approaches relying...The rapid proliferation of renewable energy integration and escalating grid operational complexity have intensified demands for resilient self-healing mechanisms in modern power systems.Conventional approaches relying on static models and heuristic rules exhibit limitations in addressing dynamic fault propagation and multimodal data fusion.This study proposes a Transformer-enhanced intelligent microgrid self-healing framework that synergizes large languagemodels(LLMs)with adaptive optimization,achieving three key innovations:(1)Ahierarchical attention mechanism incorporating grid impedance characteristics for spatiotemporal feature extraction,(2)Dynamic covariance estimation Kalman filtering with wavelet packet energy entropy thresholds(Daubechies-4 basis,6-level decomposition),and(3)A grouping-stratified ant colony optimization algorithm featuring penalty-based pheromone updating.Validated on IEEE 33/100-node systems,our framework demonstrates 96.7%fault localization accuracy(23%improvement over STGCN)and 0.82-s protection delay,outperforming MILP-basedmethods by 37%in reconfiguration speed.The system maintains 98.4%self-healing success rate under cascading faults,resolving 89.3%of phase-toground faults within 500 ms through adaptive impedance matching.Field tests on 220 kV substations with 45%renewable penetration show 99.1%voltage stability(±5%deviation threshold)and 40%communication efficiency gains via compressed GOOSE message parsing.Comparative analysis reveals 12.6×faster convergence than conventional ACO in 1000-node networks,with 95.2%robustness against±25%load fluctuations.These advancements provide a scalable solution for real-time fault recovery in renewable-dense grids,reducing outage duration by 63%inmulti-agent simulations compared to centralized architectures.展开更多
This paper is dedicated to constructing a theoretical framework for the identification and treatment of affective disorders in traditional Chinese medicine based on the“five-organ view”.Through in-depth analysis of ...This paper is dedicated to constructing a theoretical framework for the identification and treatment of affective disorders in traditional Chinese medicine based on the“five-organ view”.Through in-depth analysis of the theoretical connotation of the“five-organ concept”,we discussed the characteristics of the five-organ mechanism of affective-philosophical disorders in detail,systematically constructed a system of identification based on the association of the five organs,and proposed a comprehensive and holistic treatment strategy.The results of the study clearly show that the theoretical framework can provide systematic theoretical guidance for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine,help to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic effects of affective-philosophical disorders,and provide new ideas and methods for the theoretical development and clinical practice of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine,which is of important theoretical and practical significance,and can further promote the modernization of the development of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine.展开更多
Exploiting high-performance electrolyte holds the key for realization practical application of rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs).Herein,a new non-nucleophilic mononuclear electrolyte was developed and its electro...Exploiting high-performance electrolyte holds the key for realization practical application of rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs).Herein,a new non-nucleophilic mononuclear electrolyte was developed and its electrochemical active species was identified as[Mg(DME)_(3)][GaCl_(4)]_(2) through single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.The as-synthesized Mg(GaCl_(4))_(2)-IL-DME electrolyte could achieve a high ionic conductivity(9.85 m S cm^(-1)),good anodic stability(2.9 V vs.Mg/Mg^(2+)),and highly reversible Mg plating/stripping.The remarkable electrochemical performance should be attributed to the in-situ formation of Mg^(2+)-conducting Ga_(5)Mg_(2)alloy layer at the Mg/electrolyte interface during electrochemical cycling,which not only efficiently protects the Mg anode from passivation,but also allows for rapid Mg-ion transport.Significantly,the Mg(GaCl_(4))_(2)-IL-DME electrolyte showed excellent compatibility with both conversion and intercalation cathodes.The Mg/S batteries with Mg(Ga Cl_(4))_(2)-IL-DME electrolyte and KB/S cathode showed a high specific capacity of 839 m Ah g^(-1)after 50 cycles at 0.1 C with the Coulombic efficiency of~100%.Moreover,the assembled Mg|Mo_6 S_8 batteries delivered a reversible discharge capacity of 85 m Ah g^(-1)after 120 cycles at 0.2 C.This work provides a universal electrolyte for the realization of high-performance and practical RMBs,especially Mg/S batteries.展开更多
Reduced graphene oxide(rGO)aerogels are emerging as very attractive scaffolds for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials(EWAMs)due to their intrinsic conductive networks and intricate interior micr...Reduced graphene oxide(rGO)aerogels are emerging as very attractive scaffolds for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials(EWAMs)due to their intrinsic conductive networks and intricate interior microstructure,as well as good compatibility with other electromagnetic(EM)components.Herein,we realized the decoration of rGO aerogel with Mo_(2)C nanoparticles by sequential hydrothermal assembly,freeze-drying,and high-temperature pyrolysis.Results show that Mo_(2)C nanoparticle loading can be easily controlled by the ammonium molybdate to glucose molar ratio.The hydrophobicity and thermal insulation of the rGO aerogel are effectively improved upon the introduction of Mo_(2)C nanoparticles,and more importantly,these nanoparticles regulate the EM properties of the rGO aerogel to a large extent.Although more Mo_(2)C nanoparticles may decrease the overall attenuation ability of the rGO aerogel,they bring much better impedance matching.At a molar ratio of 1:1,a desirable balance between attenuation ability and impedance matching is observed.In this context,the Mo_(2)C/r GO aerogel displays strong reflection loss and broad response bandwidth,even with a small applied thickness(1.7 mm)and low filler loading(9.0wt%).The positive effects of Mo_(2)C nanoparticles on multifunctional properties may render Mo_(2)C/r GO aerogels promising candidates for high-performance EWAMs under harsh conditions.展开更多
Manipulation of electromagnetic waves is essential to various microwave applications,and absorbing devices composed of low-pressure gas discharge tubes and radar-absorbing materials(RAM)can bring new solutions to broa...Manipulation of electromagnetic waves is essential to various microwave applications,and absorbing devices composed of low-pressure gas discharge tubes and radar-absorbing materials(RAM)can bring new solutions to broadband electromagnetic stealth.The microwave transmission method is used to measure the physical parameters of the plasma unit.The designed structure exhibits superior absorption performance and radar cross-section(RCS)reduction capability in the 2–18 GHz band,with unique absorption advantage in the S and C frequency bands.It is found that the combination of the plasma and the RAM can significantly broaden the absorption frequency band and improve the absorption performance with excellent synergistic stealth capability.Experimental and simulation results present that broadband,wide-angle,tunable electromagnetic wave absorption and RCS reduction can be achieved by adjusting the spatial layout of the combined plasma layer and the type of RAMs,which creates opportunities for microwave transmission and selective stealth of equipment.Therefore,the wave manipulation by combined plasma array and RAM provides a valuable reference for developing numerous applications,including radar antenna stealth,spatial filter,and high power microwave shielding.展开更多
The argon plasma induced by the L-/C-band high-power microwave(HPM) is investigated theoretically and experimentally. Influences of the microwave power, pulse width, polarization and the plasma electron density on the...The argon plasma induced by the L-/C-band high-power microwave(HPM) is investigated theoretically and experimentally. Influences of the microwave power, pulse width, polarization and the plasma electron density on the protection performance of the plasma array against HPM are studied. The results show that the effect of HPM is caused by energy accumulation, with the gas breakdown emerging only after a short time. The attenuation of the wave by the plasma array with the tubes off can reach approximately 23 dB at 1.3 GHz. It can also be obtained that the protection performance of the plasma array against the TE wave is better than that against the TM one. The plasma array shows better protection performance in the L-band than in the C-band. In addition,the attenuation of 5.6 GHz HPM can reach 30 dB when the tubes are turned on in the experiment.The research shows that the plasma array has protection ability against HPM.展开更多
Hierarchical hollow structure has demonstrated potential for enhancing electromagnetic(EM)attenuation and improving impedance matching,garnering significant attention for researching.Herein,we have successfully implem...Hierarchical hollow structure has demonstrated potential for enhancing electromagnetic(EM)attenuation and improving impedance matching,garnering significant attention for researching.Herein,we have successfully implemented compositional and structural engineering to fabricate hollow Mo2C/C microspheres with controllable composition by coupling interaction between dopamine hydrochloride and ammonium molybdate.With the synergistic effect of composition and hollow structure,the strongest reflection loss intensity and broadest effective absorption of the optimized sample reach-70.2 dB and 6.2 GHz,respectively.The formation of hollow heterogeneous structures not only favors impedance matching feature,but also generates considerable contribution to EM attenuation capacity.Furthermore,radar cross-section simulation data indicate that hollow Mo2C/C microspheres with compositional optimization and heterogeneous structures have broad prospects for practical applications.展开更多
The growing complexity of electromagnetic(EM)interference has driven significant demand for next-generation absorbers that combine lightweight,flexibility,and good electromagnetic attenuation capability.The low-dimens...The growing complexity of electromagnetic(EM)interference has driven significant demand for next-generation absorbers that combine lightweight,flexibility,and good electromagnetic attenuation capability.The low-dimensional ternary Co_(3)ZnC/Co/CNT composites with hollow structures have been synthesized through in-situ polymerization and high-temperature carbonization.The unique integration of low-dimensional nanostructures and multicomponent heterointerfaces confers exceptional EM absorption properties,achieving a reflection loss of−70.0 dB and significantly reducing radar cross section(RCS)scattering signals.It is particularly meaningful that the numerical simulation of Co_(3)ZnC/Co/CNT metama-terial reveals ultrawideband absorption performance,achieving 10.7 GHz(7.3-18.0 GHz)at a thickness of 4.5 mm and extending to 15 GHz(3.0-18.0 GHz)with a 10.5 mm.Moreover,the Co_(3)ZnC/Co/CNT composites retain meritorious EM absorption properties after flexible film formation,broadening their usability and application scope.These investigations will provide seminal insights encompassing theoretical validation,experimental synthesis,and practical application for the next generation of absorbers.展开更多
It is well known that a primordial black hole(PBH)can be generated in the inflation process of the early universe,especially when the inflation field has a number of non-trivial features that could break the slow-roll...It is well known that a primordial black hole(PBH)can be generated in the inflation process of the early universe,especially when the inflation field has a number of non-trivial features that could break the slow-roll condition.In this study,we investigate a toy model of inflation with bumpy potential,which has one or several bumps.We determined that the potential with multi-bump can generate power spectra with multi-peaks in small-scale region,which can in turn predict the generation of primordial black holes in various mass ranges.We also consider the two possibilities of PBH formation by spherical and elliptical collapses.Finally,we discuss the scalar-induced gravitational waves(SIGWs)generated by linear scalar perturbations at second-order.展开更多
Anomalies in recent observational data indicate that there might be some "anisotropic hair" generated in an inflation period. To obtain general information about the effects of this anisotropic hair to infla...Anomalies in recent observational data indicate that there might be some "anisotropic hair" generated in an inflation period. To obtain general information about the effects of this anisotropic hair to inflation models, we studied anisotropic inflation models that involve one vector and one scalar using several types of potentials. We determined the general relationship between the degree of anisotropy and the fraction of the vector and scalar fields, and concluded that the anisotropies behave independently of the potentials. We also generalized our study to the case of multi-directional anisotropies.展开更多
基金the project“Research on Power SafetyDecision Support SystemBased on Large Language Models”(Science and Technology Project of Huaian Hongneng Group Co.,Ltd.)under Contract No.SGTYHT/23-JS-001.
文摘The rapid proliferation of renewable energy integration and escalating grid operational complexity have intensified demands for resilient self-healing mechanisms in modern power systems.Conventional approaches relying on static models and heuristic rules exhibit limitations in addressing dynamic fault propagation and multimodal data fusion.This study proposes a Transformer-enhanced intelligent microgrid self-healing framework that synergizes large languagemodels(LLMs)with adaptive optimization,achieving three key innovations:(1)Ahierarchical attention mechanism incorporating grid impedance characteristics for spatiotemporal feature extraction,(2)Dynamic covariance estimation Kalman filtering with wavelet packet energy entropy thresholds(Daubechies-4 basis,6-level decomposition),and(3)A grouping-stratified ant colony optimization algorithm featuring penalty-based pheromone updating.Validated on IEEE 33/100-node systems,our framework demonstrates 96.7%fault localization accuracy(23%improvement over STGCN)and 0.82-s protection delay,outperforming MILP-basedmethods by 37%in reconfiguration speed.The system maintains 98.4%self-healing success rate under cascading faults,resolving 89.3%of phase-toground faults within 500 ms through adaptive impedance matching.Field tests on 220 kV substations with 45%renewable penetration show 99.1%voltage stability(±5%deviation threshold)and 40%communication efficiency gains via compressed GOOSE message parsing.Comparative analysis reveals 12.6×faster convergence than conventional ACO in 1000-node networks,with 95.2%robustness against±25%load fluctuations.These advancements provide a scalable solution for real-time fault recovery in renewable-dense grids,reducing outage duration by 63%inmulti-agent simulations compared to centralized architectures.
文摘This paper is dedicated to constructing a theoretical framework for the identification and treatment of affective disorders in traditional Chinese medicine based on the“five-organ view”.Through in-depth analysis of the theoretical connotation of the“five-organ concept”,we discussed the characteristics of the five-organ mechanism of affective-philosophical disorders in detail,systematically constructed a system of identification based on the association of the five organs,and proposed a comprehensive and holistic treatment strategy.The results of the study clearly show that the theoretical framework can provide systematic theoretical guidance for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine,help to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic effects of affective-philosophical disorders,and provide new ideas and methods for the theoretical development and clinical practice of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine,which is of important theoretical and practical significance,and can further promote the modernization of the development of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(21773291,52303130,62205231,61904118,22002102)Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(19KJA210005)+1 种基金Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(SJCX23_1710)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Suzhou University of Science and Technology(CLKYCX23_06)。
文摘Exploiting high-performance electrolyte holds the key for realization practical application of rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs).Herein,a new non-nucleophilic mononuclear electrolyte was developed and its electrochemical active species was identified as[Mg(DME)_(3)][GaCl_(4)]_(2) through single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.The as-synthesized Mg(GaCl_(4))_(2)-IL-DME electrolyte could achieve a high ionic conductivity(9.85 m S cm^(-1)),good anodic stability(2.9 V vs.Mg/Mg^(2+)),and highly reversible Mg plating/stripping.The remarkable electrochemical performance should be attributed to the in-situ formation of Mg^(2+)-conducting Ga_(5)Mg_(2)alloy layer at the Mg/electrolyte interface during electrochemical cycling,which not only efficiently protects the Mg anode from passivation,but also allows for rapid Mg-ion transport.Significantly,the Mg(GaCl_(4))_(2)-IL-DME electrolyte showed excellent compatibility with both conversion and intercalation cathodes.The Mg/S batteries with Mg(Ga Cl_(4))_(2)-IL-DME electrolyte and KB/S cathode showed a high specific capacity of 839 m Ah g^(-1)after 50 cycles at 0.1 C with the Coulombic efficiency of~100%.Moreover,the assembled Mg|Mo_6 S_8 batteries delivered a reversible discharge capacity of 85 m Ah g^(-1)after 120 cycles at 0.2 C.This work provides a universal electrolyte for the realization of high-performance and practical RMBs,especially Mg/S batteries.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021MD703944)the Fund of Science and Technology on Near-Surface Detection Laboratory(No.6142414211808)+1 种基金the Director Fund of State Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Laser Technology(No.SKL2021ZR06)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21776053)。
文摘Reduced graphene oxide(rGO)aerogels are emerging as very attractive scaffolds for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials(EWAMs)due to their intrinsic conductive networks and intricate interior microstructure,as well as good compatibility with other electromagnetic(EM)components.Herein,we realized the decoration of rGO aerogel with Mo_(2)C nanoparticles by sequential hydrothermal assembly,freeze-drying,and high-temperature pyrolysis.Results show that Mo_(2)C nanoparticle loading can be easily controlled by the ammonium molybdate to glucose molar ratio.The hydrophobicity and thermal insulation of the rGO aerogel are effectively improved upon the introduction of Mo_(2)C nanoparticles,and more importantly,these nanoparticles regulate the EM properties of the rGO aerogel to a large extent.Although more Mo_(2)C nanoparticles may decrease the overall attenuation ability of the rGO aerogel,they bring much better impedance matching.At a molar ratio of 1:1,a desirable balance between attenuation ability and impedance matching is observed.In this context,the Mo_(2)C/r GO aerogel displays strong reflection loss and broad response bandwidth,even with a small applied thickness(1.7 mm)and low filler loading(9.0wt%).The positive effects of Mo_(2)C nanoparticles on multifunctional properties may render Mo_(2)C/r GO aerogels promising candidates for high-performance EWAMs under harsh conditions.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51907198)Natural Science Research Foundation of Anhui Province(No.1908085MF205)+1 种基金Director Fund of State Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Laser Technology(Nos.SKL2021ZR07,SKL2021ZR06)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021MD703944).
文摘Manipulation of electromagnetic waves is essential to various microwave applications,and absorbing devices composed of low-pressure gas discharge tubes and radar-absorbing materials(RAM)can bring new solutions to broadband electromagnetic stealth.The microwave transmission method is used to measure the physical parameters of the plasma unit.The designed structure exhibits superior absorption performance and radar cross-section(RCS)reduction capability in the 2–18 GHz band,with unique absorption advantage in the S and C frequency bands.It is found that the combination of the plasma and the RAM can significantly broaden the absorption frequency band and improve the absorption performance with excellent synergistic stealth capability.Experimental and simulation results present that broadband,wide-angle,tunable electromagnetic wave absorption and RCS reduction can be achieved by adjusting the spatial layout of the combined plasma layer and the type of RAMs,which creates opportunities for microwave transmission and selective stealth of equipment.Therefore,the wave manipulation by combined plasma array and RAM provides a valuable reference for developing numerous applications,including radar antenna stealth,spatial filter,and high power microwave shielding.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2015AA0392)
文摘The argon plasma induced by the L-/C-band high-power microwave(HPM) is investigated theoretically and experimentally. Influences of the microwave power, pulse width, polarization and the plasma electron density on the protection performance of the plasma array against HPM are studied. The results show that the effect of HPM is caused by energy accumulation, with the gas breakdown emerging only after a short time. The attenuation of the wave by the plasma array with the tubes off can reach approximately 23 dB at 1.3 GHz. It can also be obtained that the protection performance of the plasma array against the TE wave is better than that against the TM one. The plasma array shows better protection performance in the L-band than in the C-band. In addition,the attenuation of 5.6 GHz HPM can reach 30 dB when the tubes are turned on in the experiment.The research shows that the plasma array has protection ability against HPM.
基金supported by the National University of Defense Technology Independent Innovation Science Fund(No.24-ZZCXJDZ-42)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(No.GZC20241747).
文摘Hierarchical hollow structure has demonstrated potential for enhancing electromagnetic(EM)attenuation and improving impedance matching,garnering significant attention for researching.Herein,we have successfully implemented compositional and structural engineering to fabricate hollow Mo2C/C microspheres with controllable composition by coupling interaction between dopamine hydrochloride and ammonium molybdate.With the synergistic effect of composition and hollow structure,the strongest reflection loss intensity and broadest effective absorption of the optimized sample reach-70.2 dB and 6.2 GHz,respectively.The formation of hollow heterogeneous structures not only favors impedance matching feature,but also generates considerable contribution to EM attenuation capacity.Furthermore,radar cross-section simulation data indicate that hollow Mo2C/C microspheres with compositional optimization and heterogeneous structures have broad prospects for practical applications.
基金supported by the National University of Defense Technology Independent Innovation Science Fund(Nos.24-ZZCXJDZ-42 and XJJC2024088)Hefei Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No.K130936103)The authors extend their gratitude to Ms.Zhang from Scientific Compass(www.shiyanjia.com)for providing invaluable assistance.
文摘The growing complexity of electromagnetic(EM)interference has driven significant demand for next-generation absorbers that combine lightweight,flexibility,and good electromagnetic attenuation capability.The low-dimensional ternary Co_(3)ZnC/Co/CNT composites with hollow structures have been synthesized through in-situ polymerization and high-temperature carbonization.The unique integration of low-dimensional nanostructures and multicomponent heterointerfaces confers exceptional EM absorption properties,achieving a reflection loss of−70.0 dB and significantly reducing radar cross section(RCS)scattering signals.It is particularly meaningful that the numerical simulation of Co_(3)ZnC/Co/CNT metama-terial reveals ultrawideband absorption performance,achieving 10.7 GHz(7.3-18.0 GHz)at a thickness of 4.5 mm and extending to 15 GHz(3.0-18.0 GHz)with a 10.5 mm.Moreover,the Co_(3)ZnC/Co/CNT composites retain meritorious EM absorption properties after flexible film formation,broadening their usability and application scope.These investigations will provide seminal insights encompassing theoretical validation,experimental synthesis,and practical application for the next generation of absorbers.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11653002,11875141),partially the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Innovation Funded Projects)(2020CXZZ105)。
文摘It is well known that a primordial black hole(PBH)can be generated in the inflation process of the early universe,especially when the inflation field has a number of non-trivial features that could break the slow-roll condition.In this study,we investigate a toy model of inflation with bumpy potential,which has one or several bumps.We determined that the potential with multi-bump can generate power spectra with multi-peaks in small-scale region,which can in turn predict the generation of primordial black holes in various mass ranges.We also consider the two possibilities of PBH formation by spherical and elliptical collapses.Finally,we discuss the scalar-induced gravitational waves(SIGWs)generated by linear scalar perturbations at second-order.
基金supported by the Project of Undergraduates’Training Program for Innovation/VenturingCentral China Normal University(Grant No.B2014179)
文摘Anomalies in recent observational data indicate that there might be some "anisotropic hair" generated in an inflation period. To obtain general information about the effects of this anisotropic hair to inflation models, we studied anisotropic inflation models that involve one vector and one scalar using several types of potentials. We determined the general relationship between the degree of anisotropy and the fraction of the vector and scalar fields, and concluded that the anisotropies behave independently of the potentials. We also generalized our study to the case of multi-directional anisotropies.
