Designing efficient and fast-charging batteries is an important goal in the field of energy,crucial for upgrading new energy vehicles and portable electronic devices such as smartphones.Here,we incorporate the concept...Designing efficient and fast-charging batteries is an important goal in the field of energy,crucial for upgrading new energy vehicles and portable electronic devices such as smartphones.Here,we incorporate the concept of finite-time thermodynamics into studying the resistor-capacitor(RC)series circuit and obtain the time-dependence of charging efficiency and charging power.Through this exploration,essential thermodynamic constraints governing the charging process,including the trade-off relation between charging power and efficiency,are obtained.Moreover,we reveal the lower bound for charging time and the corresponding optimal charging strategy,and further demonstrate the power-efficiency trade-off relation in such an optimized strategy.Our findings shed new light on seeking optimal battery charging methods with nonequilibrium thermodynamics.展开更多
文摘Designing efficient and fast-charging batteries is an important goal in the field of energy,crucial for upgrading new energy vehicles and portable electronic devices such as smartphones.Here,we incorporate the concept of finite-time thermodynamics into studying the resistor-capacitor(RC)series circuit and obtain the time-dependence of charging efficiency and charging power.Through this exploration,essential thermodynamic constraints governing the charging process,including the trade-off relation between charging power and efficiency,are obtained.Moreover,we reveal the lower bound for charging time and the corresponding optimal charging strategy,and further demonstrate the power-efficiency trade-off relation in such an optimized strategy.Our findings shed new light on seeking optimal battery charging methods with nonequilibrium thermodynamics.
