A fundamental challenge in endoscopy is how to fabricate a small fiber-optic probe that can achieve comparable function to devices with large,complicated optics.To achieve high resolution over an extended depth of foc...A fundamental challenge in endoscopy is how to fabricate a small fiber-optic probe that can achieve comparable function to devices with large,complicated optics.To achieve high resolution over an extended depth of focus(DOF),the application of needle-like beams has been proposed.However,existing methods for miniaturized needle-beam designs fail to adequately correct astigmatism and other monochromatic aberrations,limiting the resolution of at least one axis.Here,we describe an approach to realize freeform beam-shaping endoscopic probes via two-photon polymerization three-dimensional(3D)printing.We present a design achieving<8μm lateral resolution with a DOF of∼800μm.The probe has a diameter of<260μm(without the torque coil and catheters)and is fabricated using a single printing step directly on the optical fiber.The probe was successfully utilized for intravascular imaging in living diabetic swine at multiple time points,as well as human atherosclerotic plaques ex vivo.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report of a 3D-printed micro-optic for in vivo imaging of the coronary arteries.These results are a substantial step to enable the clinical adoption of both 3D-printed micro-optics and beam-tailoring devices.展开更多
基金supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council Development(Grant No.2022337)the Ideas Grant(Grant No.2001646),the Investigator Grant(Grant No.2008462)+9 种基金the Heart Foundation Future Leader Fellowship(Grant Nos.105608 and 106656)the Hospital Research Foundation Project(Grant No.2022-CP-IDMH-014-83100)Australia-Germany Joint Research Co-operation Scheme(UA-DAAD)Baden-Wuerttemberg-Stiftung(Opterial)European Research Council(Advanced Grant Complexplas,PoC Grant 3DPrintedOptics)Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung(3DPrintedOptics,Integrated3Dprint,QR.X,QR.N)Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(German Research Foundation)(Grant No.431314977/GRK2642)HORIZON EUROPE European Innovation Council(Grant No.IV-Lab 101115545)Carl-Zeiss Foundation(EndoPrint3D,QPhoton)University of Stuttgart(Terra Incognita).
文摘A fundamental challenge in endoscopy is how to fabricate a small fiber-optic probe that can achieve comparable function to devices with large,complicated optics.To achieve high resolution over an extended depth of focus(DOF),the application of needle-like beams has been proposed.However,existing methods for miniaturized needle-beam designs fail to adequately correct astigmatism and other monochromatic aberrations,limiting the resolution of at least one axis.Here,we describe an approach to realize freeform beam-shaping endoscopic probes via two-photon polymerization three-dimensional(3D)printing.We present a design achieving<8μm lateral resolution with a DOF of∼800μm.The probe has a diameter of<260μm(without the torque coil and catheters)and is fabricated using a single printing step directly on the optical fiber.The probe was successfully utilized for intravascular imaging in living diabetic swine at multiple time points,as well as human atherosclerotic plaques ex vivo.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report of a 3D-printed micro-optic for in vivo imaging of the coronary arteries.These results are a substantial step to enable the clinical adoption of both 3D-printed micro-optics and beam-tailoring devices.
