As one type of spatially offset Raman spectroscopy(SORS), inverse SORS is particularly suited to in vivo biomedical measurements due to its ring-shaped illumination scheme. To explain inhomogeneous Raman scattering du...As one type of spatially offset Raman spectroscopy(SORS), inverse SORS is particularly suited to in vivo biomedical measurements due to its ring-shaped illumination scheme. To explain inhomogeneous Raman scattering during in vivo inverse SORS measurements, the light–tissue interactions when excitation and regenerated Raman photons propagate in skin tissue were studied using Monte Carlo simulation. An eight-layered skin model was first built based on the latest transmission parameters. Then, an open-source platform, Monte Carlo e Xtreme(MCX), was adapted to study the distribution of 785 nm excitation photons inside the model with an inverse spatially shifted annular beam. The excitation photons were converted to emission photons by an inverse distribution method based on excitation flux with spatial offsets Δs of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm and 5 mm. The intrinsic Raman spectra from separated skin layers were measured by continuous linear scanning to improve the simulation accuracy. The obtained results explain why the spectral detection depth gradually increases with increasing spatial offset, and address how the intrinsic Raman spectrum from deep skin layers is distorted by the reabsorption and scattering of the superficial tissue constituents. Meanwhile, it is demonstrated that the spectral contribution from subcutaneous fat will be improved when the offset increases to 5 mm, and the highest detection efficiency for dermal layer spectral detection could be achieved when Δs = 2 mm. Reasonably good matching between the calculated spectrum and the measured in vivo inverse SORS was achieved, thus demonstrating great utility of our modeling method and an approach to help understand the clinical measurements.展开更多
For unveiling the pathological evolution of breast cancer, nonlinear multiphoton microscopic(MPM) and confocal Raman microspectral imaging(CRMI) techniques were both utilized to address the structural and constitution...For unveiling the pathological evolution of breast cancer, nonlinear multiphoton microscopic(MPM) and confocal Raman microspectral imaging(CRMI) techniques were both utilized to address the structural and constitutional characteristics of healthy(H), ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS), and invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC) tissues. MPM-based techniques,including two-photon excited fluorescence(TPEF) and second harmonic generation(SHG), visualized label-free and the fine structure of breast tissue. Meanwhile, CRMI not only presented the chemical images of investigated samples with the K-mean cluster analysis method(KCA), but also pictured the distribution of components in the scanned area through univariate imaging. MPM images illustrated that the cancer cells first arranged around the basement membrane of the duct,then proliferated to fill the lumens of the duct, and finally broke through the basement membrane to infiltrate into the stroma.Although the Raman imaging failed to visualize the cell structure with high resolution, it explained spectroscopically the gradual increase of nucleic acid and protein components inside the ducts as cancer cells proliferated, and displayed the distribution pattern of each biological component during the evolution of breast cancer. Thus, the combination of MPM and CRMI provided new insights into the on-site pathological diagnosis of malignant breast cancer, also ensured technical support for the development of multimodal optical imaging techniques for precise histopathological analysis.展开更多
Optical coherence tomography(OCT)is employed in the diagnosis of skin cancer.Particularly,quantitative image features extracted from OCT images might be used as indicators to classify the skin tumors.In the present pa...Optical coherence tomography(OCT)is employed in the diagnosis of skin cancer.Particularly,quantitative image features extracted from OCT images might be used as indicators to classify the skin tumors.In the present paper,we investigated intensity-based,texture-based and fractalbased features for automatically classifying the melanomas,basal cell carcinomas and pigment nevi.Generalized estimating equations were used to test for differences between the skin tumors.A modified p value of<0.001 was considered statistically significant.Significant increase of mean and median of intensity and significant decrease of mean and median of absolute gradient were observed in basal cell carcinomas and pigment nevi as compared with melanomas.Significant decrease of contrast,entropy and fractal dimension was also observed in basal cell carcinomas and pigment nevi as compared with melanomas.Our results suggest that the selected quantitative image features of OCT images could provide useful information to differentiate basal cell carcinomas and pigment nevi from the melanomas.Further research is warranted to determine how this approach may be used to improve the classification of skin tumors.展开更多
In this paper,the new method for OCT images denoizing based on empirical mode decomposition(EMD)is proposed.The noise reduction is a very important process for following operations to analyze and recognition of tissue...In this paper,the new method for OCT images denoizing based on empirical mode decomposition(EMD)is proposed.The noise reduction is a very important process for following operations to analyze and recognition of tissue structure.Our method does not require any additional operations and hardware modifications.The basics of proposed method is described.Quality improvement of noise suppression om example of edge detection procedure using the classical Canny's algorithm without any additional pre-and post-proc essing operations is demonstrated.Improvement of raw-segmentation in the automatic diagnostic process between a tissue and a mesh implant is shown.展开更多
Complex investigation of mesh implants was per formed involving laser confocal microscopy,backscattered probing and OCT imaging methods.The growth of endomysium and fat tissue with microcirculation vessels was observe...Complex investigation of mesh implants was per formed involving laser confocal microscopy,backscattered probing and OCT imaging methods.The growth of endomysium and fat tissue with microcirculation vessels was observed in the mesh encapsulation region.Confocal microscopy analysis shows that such pat hologies complications such as necrosis formation and microcavities were localized in the area near implant fibers with the size compatible with fiber diameter.And the number of such formnations increase with the increase of the size,number and density of microdefects on the implant surface.Results of mumerical sinulations show that it is possible to control implant installation up to the depth to 4mm with a help of bac kscattering probing.The applicability of OCT imaging for mesh implant control was demonstrated.Special two stage OCT image noise reduction algorithm,including empirical mode decomposition,was proposed for contrast increase and better abnormalities visualization by halving the signal-to-noise ratio.Joint usage of backscattered probing and OCT allows to accurately ascertain implant and surrounding tissue conditions,which reduces the risk of relapse probability.展开更多
Dear Editor,In their recent publication,Dong et al.l demonstrated high performance of SERS-based liquid biopsy of human serum analysis for earlier cancer detection.Moreover,this study was highlighted in News&Vies ...Dear Editor,In their recent publication,Dong et al.l demonstrated high performance of SERS-based liquid biopsy of human serum analysis for earlier cancer detection.Moreover,this study was highlighted in News&Vies section of Light Science and Applications journal by Shi et al.?.No doubt,different optical techniques nowadays are widely used for the analysis of biofluids and liquid biopsy33-10 and demonstrate high accuracy in possible clinical applications.At the same time,the paper by Dong et al.may be treated incorrectly due to the drawbacks in spectral data analysis.展开更多
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)is a promising analytical method for studying the structure and composition of multi-component media in clinical practice.However,the practical application of SERS imposes seve...Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)is a promising analytical method for studying the structure and composition of multi-component media in clinical practice.However,the practical application of SERS imposes several conditions and restrictions depending on the required analytical accuracy and implementation complexity.This paper proposes a simple serum SERS technique for diagnosing multiple myeloma(MM).The process utilises a substrate composed of agglomerated spherical silver particles(~200 nm)with a capillary effect on sodium nitrate crystals(0.02%volume concentration),excited at a wavelength of 785 nm.Spectral characteristics were recorded using a detector without external cooling,ensuring a cost-effective approach.The proposed low-cost approach was tested on 31 samples from MM and 102 serum samples from an age-matched control group.Combining the SERS technique with the multivariate analysis for serum testing provided high discrimination rates for MM patients compared to the control patients,with an average accuracy of over 96%.Biochemical interpretation of the recorded spectra identified the informative bands at 635 cm^(-1),723 cm^(-1),and 1052 cm^(-1).Overall,the proposed SERSbased tool can become the basis for screening for MM and can be easily integrated into clinical practice,expanding diagnostic capabilities where expensive laboratory techniques are not affordable.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61911530695)the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2023-YBSF-671)。
文摘As one type of spatially offset Raman spectroscopy(SORS), inverse SORS is particularly suited to in vivo biomedical measurements due to its ring-shaped illumination scheme. To explain inhomogeneous Raman scattering during in vivo inverse SORS measurements, the light–tissue interactions when excitation and regenerated Raman photons propagate in skin tissue were studied using Monte Carlo simulation. An eight-layered skin model was first built based on the latest transmission parameters. Then, an open-source platform, Monte Carlo e Xtreme(MCX), was adapted to study the distribution of 785 nm excitation photons inside the model with an inverse spatially shifted annular beam. The excitation photons were converted to emission photons by an inverse distribution method based on excitation flux with spatial offsets Δs of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm and 5 mm. The intrinsic Raman spectra from separated skin layers were measured by continuous linear scanning to improve the simulation accuracy. The obtained results explain why the spectral detection depth gradually increases with increasing spatial offset, and address how the intrinsic Raman spectrum from deep skin layers is distorted by the reabsorption and scattering of the superficial tissue constituents. Meanwhile, it is demonstrated that the spectral contribution from subcutaneous fat will be improved when the offset increases to 5 mm, and the highest detection efficiency for dermal layer spectral detection could be achieved when Δs = 2 mm. Reasonably good matching between the calculated spectrum and the measured in vivo inverse SORS was achieved, thus demonstrating great utility of our modeling method and an approach to help understand the clinical measurements.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61911530695)the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province of China (Grant No. 2023-YBSF-671)。
文摘For unveiling the pathological evolution of breast cancer, nonlinear multiphoton microscopic(MPM) and confocal Raman microspectral imaging(CRMI) techniques were both utilized to address the structural and constitutional characteristics of healthy(H), ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS), and invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC) tissues. MPM-based techniques,including two-photon excited fluorescence(TPEF) and second harmonic generation(SHG), visualized label-free and the fine structure of breast tissue. Meanwhile, CRMI not only presented the chemical images of investigated samples with the K-mean cluster analysis method(KCA), but also pictured the distribution of components in the scanned area through univariate imaging. MPM images illustrated that the cancer cells first arranged around the basement membrane of the duct,then proliferated to fill the lumens of the duct, and finally broke through the basement membrane to infiltrate into the stroma.Although the Raman imaging failed to visualize the cell structure with high resolution, it explained spectroscopically the gradual increase of nucleic acid and protein components inside the ducts as cancer cells proliferated, and displayed the distribution pattern of each biological component during the evolution of breast cancer. Thus, the combination of MPM and CRMI provided new insights into the on-site pathological diagnosis of malignant breast cancer, also ensured technical support for the development of multimodal optical imaging techniques for precise histopathological analysis.
文摘Optical coherence tomography(OCT)is employed in the diagnosis of skin cancer.Particularly,quantitative image features extracted from OCT images might be used as indicators to classify the skin tumors.In the present paper,we investigated intensity-based,texture-based and fractalbased features for automatically classifying the melanomas,basal cell carcinomas and pigment nevi.Generalized estimating equations were used to test for differences between the skin tumors.A modified p value of<0.001 was considered statistically significant.Significant increase of mean and median of intensity and significant decrease of mean and median of absolute gradient were observed in basal cell carcinomas and pigment nevi as compared with melanomas.Significant decrease of contrast,entropy and fractal dimension was also observed in basal cell carcinomas and pigment nevi as compared with melanomas.Our results suggest that the selected quantitative image features of OCT images could provide useful information to differentiate basal cell carcinomas and pigment nevi from the melanomas.Further research is warranted to determine how this approach may be used to improve the classification of skin tumors.
基金supported by the Federal Target Program“Research and development on priority directions of Russian scientific-technological complex for 2007-2013”.
文摘In this paper,the new method for OCT images denoizing based on empirical mode decomposition(EMD)is proposed.The noise reduction is a very important process for following operations to analyze and recognition of tissue structure.Our method does not require any additional operations and hardware modifications.The basics of proposed method is described.Quality improvement of noise suppression om example of edge detection procedure using the classical Canny's algorithm without any additional pre-and post-proc essing operations is demonstrated.Improvement of raw-segmentation in the automatic diagnostic process between a tissue and a mesh implant is shown.
基金supported by the Federal Target Program“Scientific and scientific-pedagogic staff of innovative Russia in 2007-2013”.
文摘Complex investigation of mesh implants was per formed involving laser confocal microscopy,backscattered probing and OCT imaging methods.The growth of endomysium and fat tissue with microcirculation vessels was observed in the mesh encapsulation region.Confocal microscopy analysis shows that such pat hologies complications such as necrosis formation and microcavities were localized in the area near implant fibers with the size compatible with fiber diameter.And the number of such formnations increase with the increase of the size,number and density of microdefects on the implant surface.Results of mumerical sinulations show that it is possible to control implant installation up to the depth to 4mm with a help of bac kscattering probing.The applicability of OCT imaging for mesh implant control was demonstrated.Special two stage OCT image noise reduction algorithm,including empirical mode decomposition,was proposed for contrast increase and better abnormalities visualization by halving the signal-to-noise ratio.Joint usage of backscattered probing and OCT allows to accurately ascertain implant and surrounding tissue conditions,which reduces the risk of relapse probability.
基金findings of this paper were supported by the Russian Science Foundation ProjectNo.21-75-10097.
文摘Dear Editor,In their recent publication,Dong et al.l demonstrated high performance of SERS-based liquid biopsy of human serum analysis for earlier cancer detection.Moreover,this study was highlighted in News&Vies section of Light Science and Applications journal by Shi et al.?.No doubt,different optical techniques nowadays are widely used for the analysis of biofluids and liquid biopsy33-10 and demonstrate high accuracy in possible clinical applications.At the same time,the paper by Dong et al.may be treated incorrectly due to the drawbacks in spectral data analysis.
基金supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation(No.21-75-10097https://rscf.ru/project/21-75-10097/).
文摘Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)is a promising analytical method for studying the structure and composition of multi-component media in clinical practice.However,the practical application of SERS imposes several conditions and restrictions depending on the required analytical accuracy and implementation complexity.This paper proposes a simple serum SERS technique for diagnosing multiple myeloma(MM).The process utilises a substrate composed of agglomerated spherical silver particles(~200 nm)with a capillary effect on sodium nitrate crystals(0.02%volume concentration),excited at a wavelength of 785 nm.Spectral characteristics were recorded using a detector without external cooling,ensuring a cost-effective approach.The proposed low-cost approach was tested on 31 samples from MM and 102 serum samples from an age-matched control group.Combining the SERS technique with the multivariate analysis for serum testing provided high discrimination rates for MM patients compared to the control patients,with an average accuracy of over 96%.Biochemical interpretation of the recorded spectra identified the informative bands at 635 cm^(-1),723 cm^(-1),and 1052 cm^(-1).Overall,the proposed SERSbased tool can become the basis for screening for MM and can be easily integrated into clinical practice,expanding diagnostic capabilities where expensive laboratory techniques are not affordable.
