In this editorial,we comment on pancreatic cancer(PC),one of the most aggressive and lethal cancers.Only minimal improvements in survival rates have been achieved over recent years.Available chemotherapeutic regimens ...In this editorial,we comment on pancreatic cancer(PC),one of the most aggressive and lethal cancers.Only minimal improvements in survival rates have been achieved over recent years.Available chemotherapeutic regimens have little impact,and surgical resection remains the only reliable curative approach.We address current treatment options for these patients,focusing on the usefulness of breast cancer(BRCA)gene mutation as a prognostic biomarker and predictor of response to chemotherapy.Superior survival outcomes have been reported in patients with PC and mutant BRCA gene treated with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy.Therefore,it appears appropriate to include BRCA gene status among clinical criteria used to select the chemotherapy regimen.In addition,maintenance treatment with poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibitors has been found to improve progression-free survival in patients with PC and mutated BRCA whose disease does not progress after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy.This combination has therefore been proposed as the optimal treatment regimen for these patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a lethal malignancy with dispiriting survival data.Immunotherapy is a promising approach to many cancer types,but achieves poor outcomes in advanced PDAC ...BACKGROUND Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a lethal malignancy with dispiriting survival data.Immunotherapy is a promising approach to many cancer types,but achieves poor outcomes in advanced PDAC due to its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.We describe a case of metastatic PDAC effectively treated with pembrolizumab.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 67-year-old woman with unresectable locally advanced PDAC,treated with gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel followed by radiotherapy plus capecitabine.At nine months,pancreatic tumor progression was observed at the level of the hepatic hilum with the appearance of a new pulmonary nodule suggestive of a second primary,confirmed by left lung biopsy.Systemic immunotherapy was then initiated with pembrolizumab,an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting programmed cell death protein-1 that covers the two tumor types.The patient showed a complete metabolic response that was maintained throughout the treatment.The patient continues to be disease-free at 5.6 years since the start of immunotherapy.CONCLUSION These results suggest that the administration of pembrolizumab after chemoradiotherapy has a beneficial effect in patients with metastatic PDAC.To our knowledge,this is the first reported case of a patient with metastatic PDAC and metastatic lung cancer showing such a long-lasting complete response after pembrolizumab treatment without curative surgery.Further studies are required to determine biomarkers that identify PDAC patients most likely to benefit from this immunotherapy.展开更多
Here we present the assembly of novel transparent all-polymer distributed feedback(DFB)lasers.Flexible and highly transparent cellulose diacetate(CdA)was employed as substrate on which gratings with different periods ...Here we present the assembly of novel transparent all-polymer distributed feedback(DFB)lasers.Flexible and highly transparent cellulose diacetate(CdA)was employed as substrate on which gratings with different periods were engraved by thermal nanoimprinting with high fidelity.Highly luminescent conjugated polymers(CP),poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene)(PFO),poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole)(F8BT),and a blend of F8BT and poly(3-hexylthiophene)-poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-altbenzothiadiazole)(P3HT:F8BT)were deposited by spin coating onto the nanostructured plastic surfaces,giving rise to perpendicular single-mode lasing emission in the blue,green,and red wavelength ranges,respectively.These lasers show linewidths below 1 nm and low thresholds(≈6μJcm^(−2) for blue and red lasing emission),comparable to other state-of-the-art lasers obtained from similar optical gain materials on rigid substrates.The followed strategy is scalable and versatile,enabling the development of large area nanoimprinted DFB lasers(>1cm^(2))on plastic,which is highly relevant for applications in various markets.展开更多
基金by Junta de Andalucía,No.PC-0498-2017 and No.PC-0549-2017.
文摘In this editorial,we comment on pancreatic cancer(PC),one of the most aggressive and lethal cancers.Only minimal improvements in survival rates have been achieved over recent years.Available chemotherapeutic regimens have little impact,and surgical resection remains the only reliable curative approach.We address current treatment options for these patients,focusing on the usefulness of breast cancer(BRCA)gene mutation as a prognostic biomarker and predictor of response to chemotherapy.Superior survival outcomes have been reported in patients with PC and mutant BRCA gene treated with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy.Therefore,it appears appropriate to include BRCA gene status among clinical criteria used to select the chemotherapy regimen.In addition,maintenance treatment with poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibitors has been found to improve progression-free survival in patients with PC and mutated BRCA whose disease does not progress after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy.This combination has therefore been proposed as the optimal treatment regimen for these patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a lethal malignancy with dispiriting survival data.Immunotherapy is a promising approach to many cancer types,but achieves poor outcomes in advanced PDAC due to its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.We describe a case of metastatic PDAC effectively treated with pembrolizumab.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 67-year-old woman with unresectable locally advanced PDAC,treated with gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel followed by radiotherapy plus capecitabine.At nine months,pancreatic tumor progression was observed at the level of the hepatic hilum with the appearance of a new pulmonary nodule suggestive of a second primary,confirmed by left lung biopsy.Systemic immunotherapy was then initiated with pembrolizumab,an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting programmed cell death protein-1 that covers the two tumor types.The patient showed a complete metabolic response that was maintained throughout the treatment.The patient continues to be disease-free at 5.6 years since the start of immunotherapy.CONCLUSION These results suggest that the administration of pembrolizumab after chemoradiotherapy has a beneficial effect in patients with metastatic PDAC.To our knowledge,this is the first reported case of a patient with metastatic PDAC and metastatic lung cancer showing such a long-lasting complete response after pembrolizumab treatment without curative surgery.Further studies are required to determine biomarkers that identify PDAC patients most likely to benefit from this immunotherapy.
基金J.C-G.is grateful to the Spanish Ministerio de Economía,Industria y Competitividad through MAT2014-57652-C2-1-R(LAPSEN),RTI2018-097508-B-I00(AMAPOLA)PCIN-2015-169-C02-01(MOFSENS)projects+6 种基金R.W.gratefully acknowledges support by the European Union structural funds and the Comunidad de Madrid NMAT2D-CM project(S2018/NMT-4511)as well as by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía,Industria y Competitividad through project No.MAT2015-71879-PIMDEA Nanociencia acknowledges support from the“Severo Ochoa”Programme for Centers of Excellence in R&D(MINECO,Grant SEV-2016-0686)R.X.thanks for financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 61874058 and 61376023)the National Key Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2015CB932203)the Priority Academic Program Development Fund of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions in ChinaThis work is partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy,Industry and Competitiveness through Grant SUPERMNAN ESP2015-65597-C4-3-R DETECTA ESP2017-86582-C4-3-R.D.G.acknowledges Grant RYC-2012-09864.The authors are grateful to D.Hermida for excellent technical support during the synchrotron experiments at the BM26 beamline.
文摘Here we present the assembly of novel transparent all-polymer distributed feedback(DFB)lasers.Flexible and highly transparent cellulose diacetate(CdA)was employed as substrate on which gratings with different periods were engraved by thermal nanoimprinting with high fidelity.Highly luminescent conjugated polymers(CP),poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene)(PFO),poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole)(F8BT),and a blend of F8BT and poly(3-hexylthiophene)-poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-altbenzothiadiazole)(P3HT:F8BT)were deposited by spin coating onto the nanostructured plastic surfaces,giving rise to perpendicular single-mode lasing emission in the blue,green,and red wavelength ranges,respectively.These lasers show linewidths below 1 nm and low thresholds(≈6μJcm^(−2) for blue and red lasing emission),comparable to other state-of-the-art lasers obtained from similar optical gain materials on rigid substrates.The followed strategy is scalable and versatile,enabling the development of large area nanoimprinted DFB lasers(>1cm^(2))on plastic,which is highly relevant for applications in various markets.
