Anemoside B4(AB4),a triterpenoidal saponin derived from Pulsatilla chinensis,has garnered considerable attention for its potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities,culminating in its approval for clinica...Anemoside B4(AB4),a triterpenoidal saponin derived from Pulsatilla chinensis,has garnered considerable attention for its potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities,culminating in its approval for clinical trials by the Center for Drug Evaluation,National Medical Products Administration,for the treatment of mild to moderate ulcerative colitis.Despite this,AB4’s therapeutic potential remained underexplored until the development of its injection formulation.This review discusses the scientific rationale and theoretical framework behind AB4’s development,offering a new paradigm and innovative research strategy for discovering lead compounds or drug candidates from natural medicines.In-depth investigations into AB4’s cellular targets,biochemical pathways,and administration routes have provided valuable insights into its druggability evaluation and clinical potential.The high water solubility of AB4,attributable to its multiple sugar units,imposes limitations on its bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profiles.To address this,structural modification via chemical methods and enzymatic hydrolysis have been employed,resulting in derivatives with reduced molecular weight,improved bioavailability,enhanced pharmacological activity,and greater clinical potential.These advances lay a solid foundation for the continued development of AB4 and its derivatives as promising therapeutic agents.展开更多
Aquilaria sinensis(Thymelaeaceae)is widely cultivated in southern China for its significant medicinal usage.The resinous wood,the most used part of the plant as traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),locally called“Chen X...Aquilaria sinensis(Thymelaeaceae)is widely cultivated in southern China for its significant medicinal usage.The resinous wood,the most used part of the plant as traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),locally called“Chen Xiang(沉香)”or Chinese agarwood,has been traditionally used for the treatment of circulatory disorders,abdominal pain,vomiting,and dyspnea.Till date,over 249 compounds have been isolated and identified from this plant.A range of bioactivities,including α-glucosidase inhibitory effects,anti-inflammatory,cytotoxicity,neuroprotective,anti-neuroinflammatory,antimicrobial and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects,along with some of the pharmacological mechanisms have been reported for the pure compounds or extracts of Aquilaria sinensis.For the purpose of quality control and clinical safety of drug usage,modern analytical instruments and chemical analysis methods have been applied for analyses of Aquilaria sinensis.In order to comprehensively understand the medicinal application and to fully utilize the plant,a literature search on the herb based on databases including SciFinder,Web of Science,Pubmed,Google Scholar and others was performed and the information regarding to the phytochemistry investigations,pharmacological studies and quality control was summarized in this paper.展开更多
Radix Astragali,one of the most popular herbs in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),is used to strengthen the immune system,protect liver function,fight bacteria and viruses,and treat diabetes,heart failure and seasona...Radix Astragali,one of the most popular herbs in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),is used to strengthen the immune system,protect liver function,fight bacteria and viruses,and treat diabetes,heart failure and seasonal allergies.In recent years,a new form of Radix Astragali material processed by cell wall disrupting technology,namely ultrafine granular powder(UGP)has been introduced into the market.In order to determine chemical consistency and homogeneity of the UGP material prepared from sliced traditional materials(TM)of Radix Astragali,multiple batches of the UGP and TM samples derived from Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus were analyzed by UHPLC/DAD-MS using isoflavones and triterpenoid glycosides as marker compounds.The results demonstrated that the chemical profiles of UGP was identical or similar to that of TM,but UGP was highly homogeneous in terms of marker compound contents as assessed,e.g.,by the relative standard deviation values of the nine marker compounds in the range of 8.55%−43.80%for TM2 compared against 1.70%−8.38%for UGP2.Macromolecular component preparation and 1H NMR analyses indicated that TM4 and its corresponding UGP4 produced similar polysaccharides,but the later had approximately two-fold dissolution rate of the polysaccharides when compared to the former(yield 7.22±0.35%vs 3.39±0.20%).This study confirms that UGP of Radix Astragali is chemically consistent and homogenous,supporting its use as a promising material in TCM prescriptions.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82341087,82073912,and 81903896)a project funded by Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘Anemoside B4(AB4),a triterpenoidal saponin derived from Pulsatilla chinensis,has garnered considerable attention for its potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities,culminating in its approval for clinical trials by the Center for Drug Evaluation,National Medical Products Administration,for the treatment of mild to moderate ulcerative colitis.Despite this,AB4’s therapeutic potential remained underexplored until the development of its injection formulation.This review discusses the scientific rationale and theoretical framework behind AB4’s development,offering a new paradigm and innovative research strategy for discovering lead compounds or drug candidates from natural medicines.In-depth investigations into AB4’s cellular targets,biochemical pathways,and administration routes have provided valuable insights into its druggability evaluation and clinical potential.The high water solubility of AB4,attributable to its multiple sugar units,imposes limitations on its bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profiles.To address this,structural modification via chemical methods and enzymatic hydrolysis have been employed,resulting in derivatives with reduced molecular weight,improved bioavailability,enhanced pharmacological activity,and greater clinical potential.These advances lay a solid foundation for the continued development of AB4 and its derivatives as promising therapeutic agents.
基金support from the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hunan Province(201673)Hunan Province Universities 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Protection and Utilization of Hu-xiang Chinese Medicine Resources(HXZY-2015-005 and HXZY-2015-012)+1 种基金the State Key Subject of TCM Diagnostics in Hunan University of Chinese Medicine(2015ZYZD06)Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine(2015TP1020-02)
文摘Aquilaria sinensis(Thymelaeaceae)is widely cultivated in southern China for its significant medicinal usage.The resinous wood,the most used part of the plant as traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),locally called“Chen Xiang(沉香)”or Chinese agarwood,has been traditionally used for the treatment of circulatory disorders,abdominal pain,vomiting,and dyspnea.Till date,over 249 compounds have been isolated and identified from this plant.A range of bioactivities,including α-glucosidase inhibitory effects,anti-inflammatory,cytotoxicity,neuroprotective,anti-neuroinflammatory,antimicrobial and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects,along with some of the pharmacological mechanisms have been reported for the pure compounds or extracts of Aquilaria sinensis.For the purpose of quality control and clinical safety of drug usage,modern analytical instruments and chemical analysis methods have been applied for analyses of Aquilaria sinensis.In order to comprehensively understand the medicinal application and to fully utilize the plant,a literature search on the herb based on databases including SciFinder,Web of Science,Pubmed,Google Scholar and others was performed and the information regarding to the phytochemistry investigations,pharmacological studies and quality control was summarized in this paper.
文摘Radix Astragali,one of the most popular herbs in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),is used to strengthen the immune system,protect liver function,fight bacteria and viruses,and treat diabetes,heart failure and seasonal allergies.In recent years,a new form of Radix Astragali material processed by cell wall disrupting technology,namely ultrafine granular powder(UGP)has been introduced into the market.In order to determine chemical consistency and homogeneity of the UGP material prepared from sliced traditional materials(TM)of Radix Astragali,multiple batches of the UGP and TM samples derived from Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus were analyzed by UHPLC/DAD-MS using isoflavones and triterpenoid glycosides as marker compounds.The results demonstrated that the chemical profiles of UGP was identical or similar to that of TM,but UGP was highly homogeneous in terms of marker compound contents as assessed,e.g.,by the relative standard deviation values of the nine marker compounds in the range of 8.55%−43.80%for TM2 compared against 1.70%−8.38%for UGP2.Macromolecular component preparation and 1H NMR analyses indicated that TM4 and its corresponding UGP4 produced similar polysaccharides,but the later had approximately two-fold dissolution rate of the polysaccharides when compared to the former(yield 7.22±0.35%vs 3.39±0.20%).This study confirms that UGP of Radix Astragali is chemically consistent and homogenous,supporting its use as a promising material in TCM prescriptions.
