In this dispensation of the fourth industrial revolution,protein engineering has become a popular approach for increasing enzymatic activity,stability,and titer in the biosynthesis of natural products.This is attribut...In this dispensation of the fourth industrial revolution,protein engineering has become a popular approach for increasing enzymatic activity,stability,and titer in the biosynthesis of natural products.This is attributed to its numerous advantages(over direct isolation from plants or via chemical synthesis),including decreasing or eliminating reaction byproducts,high precision,moderate handling of intricate and chemically unstable chemicals,overall reusability,and cost efficiency.Recently,protein engineering tools have advanced to redesign and enhance natural product biosynthesis.These methods include direct evolution,substrate engineering,medium engineering,enzyme engineering and immobilization,structure-assisted protein engineering,and advanced computational.Recent successes in implementing these emerging protein engineering technologies were critically discussed in this article.Also,the advantages,limitations,and applications in industrial and medical biotechnology were discussed.Last,future research directions and potential were also highlighted.展开更多
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)de Bary is a necrotrophic plant pathogen that causes cottony rot,watery soft rot,stem rot,white mold,and other disease symptoms in over 700 plant hosts around the world.Destruction of eco...Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)de Bary is a necrotrophic plant pathogen that causes cottony rot,watery soft rot,stem rot,white mold,and other disease symptoms in over 700 plant hosts around the world.Destruction of economically important crops,the lack of resistant cultivars,and the general challenge of controlling diseases caused by this broad-based pathogen call for continued research.However,in recent years,mass spectrometry-based proteomics analyses have been used to acquire a fundamental and in-depth molecular understanding of this fungal pathogen.In this review,we describe the characteristics of the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum pathogen and examine its virulence factors,secreted proteins,and host suppression mechanisms.Furthermore,we review recent proteomics studies and extrapolate their primary findings for the identification and functional characterization of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum proteins.Finally,we discuss key findings that shape the understanding of the virulent factors and pathogenesis of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and outline directions for future proteomic investigations of plant pathogens.展开更多
基金funded by the University of Witwatersrand postdoctoral research fellowship obtained by O.Ssupported by the South African Research Chairs Initiative(SARChI)of the Department of Science and Technologythe National Research Foundation(grant 64788 to I.A.).
文摘In this dispensation of the fourth industrial revolution,protein engineering has become a popular approach for increasing enzymatic activity,stability,and titer in the biosynthesis of natural products.This is attributed to its numerous advantages(over direct isolation from plants or via chemical synthesis),including decreasing or eliminating reaction byproducts,high precision,moderate handling of intricate and chemically unstable chemicals,overall reusability,and cost efficiency.Recently,protein engineering tools have advanced to redesign and enhance natural product biosynthesis.These methods include direct evolution,substrate engineering,medium engineering,enzyme engineering and immobilization,structure-assisted protein engineering,and advanced computational.Recent successes in implementing these emerging protein engineering technologies were critically discussed in this article.Also,the advantages,limitations,and applications in industrial and medical biotechnology were discussed.Last,future research directions and potential were also highlighted.
基金This work was supported by the South African National Research Foundation(NRF,No.TTK170413227119)SARChI program of the Department of Science and Technology and the National Research Foundation for post-doctoral fellowship funding.
文摘Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)de Bary is a necrotrophic plant pathogen that causes cottony rot,watery soft rot,stem rot,white mold,and other disease symptoms in over 700 plant hosts around the world.Destruction of economically important crops,the lack of resistant cultivars,and the general challenge of controlling diseases caused by this broad-based pathogen call for continued research.However,in recent years,mass spectrometry-based proteomics analyses have been used to acquire a fundamental and in-depth molecular understanding of this fungal pathogen.In this review,we describe the characteristics of the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum pathogen and examine its virulence factors,secreted proteins,and host suppression mechanisms.Furthermore,we review recent proteomics studies and extrapolate their primary findings for the identification and functional characterization of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum proteins.Finally,we discuss key findings that shape the understanding of the virulent factors and pathogenesis of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and outline directions for future proteomic investigations of plant pathogens.
