Although terahertz(THz)spectroscopy and imaging offer a variety of applications in medical diagnosis of malignant and benign neoplasms,their translation into clinical practice is hampered by the absence of endoscopic ...Although terahertz(THz)spectroscopy and imaging offer a variety of applications in medical diagnosis of malignant and benign neoplasms,their translation into clinical practice is hampered by the absence of endoscopic systems capable of sensing the THz optical properties of the hard-to-access tissues.In this review,we focus on recent attempts to address this challenge.To better highlight the need for THz endoscopes,we start with a brief overview of THz medical applications,with an emphasis on neoplasms diagnosis.We then consider the two existing principles of THz endoscopy.The first uses the fiber-coupled THz photoconductive antennas(PCAs)for the THz generation and detection in close proximity to a hard-to-access object,where optical fibers are applied to flexibly deliver the laser pump and probe beams to the THz emitter and detector.The key technology of the second approach is the THz optical fibers capable of delivering the THz waves to an analyte and then detecting the reflected and back-propagated THz signal.Despite this approach still lacking the efficient commercially available THz fiber optics,most recent developments pave the way to solve these problems.In this review,several notable examples of THz endoscopic systems based on different guiding mechanisms,material platform,and manufacturing strategies are discussed.展开更多
Cholangiocellular cancer(CCC)is an oncological disease of the bile ducts characterized by a high mortality rate.To date,the use of standard methods for the diagnosis and treatment of CCC has not been able to reduce mo...Cholangiocellular cancer(CCC)is an oncological disease of the bile ducts characterized by a high mortality rate.To date,the use of standard methods for the diagnosis and treatment of CCC has not been able to reduce mortality from this disease.This work presents the results of fluorescence diagnostics(FD),which consists in using a modified optical fiber and photodynamic therapy(PDT)using a therapeutic laser instead of a low-intensity laser.This technique was tested on 43 patients in a clinical setting.The results obtained indicate a direct correlation between spectroscopic and video FD methods.Furthermore,a direct correlation was found between the photobleaching of a chlorin e6-based photosensitizer,with the commercial names of PhotoIon Radachlorin and Photoran and stricture regression.Our findings demonstrate the possibility of using a therapeutic laser with a wavelength of 660 nm for both diagnosis and treatment of bile ducts cancer,which results in a significant reduction of the operation time without decreasing its effectiveness.展开更多
基金supported by the Russian Science Foundation,Project#25-79-30006,while the work of D.S.P.on Sec.3,was supported by the state assignment of the NRC“Kurchatov Institute”。
文摘Although terahertz(THz)spectroscopy and imaging offer a variety of applications in medical diagnosis of malignant and benign neoplasms,their translation into clinical practice is hampered by the absence of endoscopic systems capable of sensing the THz optical properties of the hard-to-access tissues.In this review,we focus on recent attempts to address this challenge.To better highlight the need for THz endoscopes,we start with a brief overview of THz medical applications,with an emphasis on neoplasms diagnosis.We then consider the two existing principles of THz endoscopy.The first uses the fiber-coupled THz photoconductive antennas(PCAs)for the THz generation and detection in close proximity to a hard-to-access object,where optical fibers are applied to flexibly deliver the laser pump and probe beams to the THz emitter and detector.The key technology of the second approach is the THz optical fibers capable of delivering the THz waves to an analyte and then detecting the reflected and back-propagated THz signal.Despite this approach still lacking the efficient commercially available THz fiber optics,most recent developments pave the way to solve these problems.In this review,several notable examples of THz endoscopic systems based on different guiding mechanisms,material platform,and manufacturing strategies are discussed.
基金This work was funded by RFBR according to the research project(Nos.17-00-00162 and 17-00-00159).
文摘Cholangiocellular cancer(CCC)is an oncological disease of the bile ducts characterized by a high mortality rate.To date,the use of standard methods for the diagnosis and treatment of CCC has not been able to reduce mortality from this disease.This work presents the results of fluorescence diagnostics(FD),which consists in using a modified optical fiber and photodynamic therapy(PDT)using a therapeutic laser instead of a low-intensity laser.This technique was tested on 43 patients in a clinical setting.The results obtained indicate a direct correlation between spectroscopic and video FD methods.Furthermore,a direct correlation was found between the photobleaching of a chlorin e6-based photosensitizer,with the commercial names of PhotoIon Radachlorin and Photoran and stricture regression.Our findings demonstrate the possibility of using a therapeutic laser with a wavelength of 660 nm for both diagnosis and treatment of bile ducts cancer,which results in a significant reduction of the operation time without decreasing its effectiveness.
