Lignin emerged around 450 million years ago in early tracheophytes and played a pivotal role in the colonization of terrestrial ecosystems by plants.This aromatic biopolymer provides mechanical strength to supportive ...Lignin emerged around 450 million years ago in early tracheophytes and played a pivotal role in the colonization of terrestrial ecosystems by plants.This aromatic biopolymer provides mechanical strength to supportive tissues and hydrophobicity to water-transporting vasculature and acts as a physical barrier against herbivores and pathogens(Renault et al.,2019).The deposition of lignin in cell walls for proper cellular functionalization involves several molecular steps,including the tight regulation of tissue-or cell-type-specific expression of lignin biosynthetic genes,the biosynthesis of distinct lignin monomers and their transportation to the apoplast,and the polymerization of monomer radicals to produce tissue-or cell-type-dependent polymers with distinct physico-chemical properties.展开更多
Dietary fiber(DF)is one of the major classes of nutrients for humans.It is widely distributed in the edible parts of natural plants,with the cell wall being the main DF-containing structure.DF content varies significa...Dietary fiber(DF)is one of the major classes of nutrients for humans.It is widely distributed in the edible parts of natural plants,with the cell wall being the main DF-containing structure.DF content varies significantly in different plant species and organs,and the processing procedure can have a dramatic effect on the DF composition of plant-based foods.Given the considerable nutritional value of DF,a deeper understanding of DF in food plants,including its composition and biosynthesis,is fundamental to the establishment of a daily intake reference of DF and is also critical to molecular breeding programs for modifying DF content.In the past decades,plant cell wall biology has seen dramatic progress,and such knowledge is of great potential to be translated into DF-related food science research and may provide future research directions for improving the health benefits of food crops.In this review,to spark interdisciplinary discussions between food science researchers and plant cell wall biologists,we focus on a specific category of DF--cell wall carbohydrates.We first summarize the content and composition of carbohydrate DF in various plant-based foods,and then discuss the structure and biosynthesis mechanism of each carbohydrate DF category,in particular the respective biosynthetic enzymes.Health impacts of DF are highlighted,and finally,future directions of DF research are also briefly outlined.展开更多
The coffee beverage is the second most consumed drink worldwide after water.In coffee beans,cell wall storage polysaccharides(CWSPs)represent around 50 per cent of the seed dry mass,mainly consisting of galactomannans...The coffee beverage is the second most consumed drink worldwide after water.In coffee beans,cell wall storage polysaccharides(CWSPs)represent around 50 per cent of the seed dry mass,mainly consisting of galactomannans and arabinogalactans.These highly abundant structural components largely influence the organoleptic properties of the coffee beverage,mainly due to the complex changes they undergo during the roasting process.From a nutritional point of view,coffee CWSPs are soluble dietary fibers shown to provide numerous health benefits in reducing the risk of human diseases.Due to their influence on coffee quality and their health-promoting benefits,CWSPs have been attracting significant research attention.The importance of cell walls to the coffee industry is not restricted to beans used for beverage production,as several coffee by-products also present high concentrations of cell wall components.These by-products include cherry husks,cherry pulps,parchment skin,silver skin,and spent coffee grounds,which are currently used or have the potential to be utilized either as food ingredients or additives,or for the generation of downstream products such as enzymes,pharmaceuticals,and bioethanol.In addition to their functions during plant development,cell walls also play a role in the plant's resistance to stresses.Here,we review several aspects of coffee cell walls,including chemical composition,biosynthesis,their function in coffee’s responses to stresses,and their influence on coffee quality.We also propose some potential cell wall-related biotechnological strategies envisaged for coffee improvements.展开更多
文摘Lignin emerged around 450 million years ago in early tracheophytes and played a pivotal role in the colonization of terrestrial ecosystems by plants.This aromatic biopolymer provides mechanical strength to supportive tissues and hydrophobicity to water-transporting vasculature and acts as a physical barrier against herbivores and pathogens(Renault et al.,2019).The deposition of lignin in cell walls for proper cellular functionalization involves several molecular steps,including the tight regulation of tissue-or cell-type-specific expression of lignin biosynthetic genes,the biosynthesis of distinct lignin monomers and their transportation to the apoplast,and the polymerization of monomer radicals to produce tissue-or cell-type-dependent polymers with distinct physico-chemical properties.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31971619 and 31901327)the Overseas Expertise Introduction Project for Discipline Innovation(111 Project D18008)the research foundation of Zhejiang A&F University(2018FR022),China.
文摘Dietary fiber(DF)is one of the major classes of nutrients for humans.It is widely distributed in the edible parts of natural plants,with the cell wall being the main DF-containing structure.DF content varies significantly in different plant species and organs,and the processing procedure can have a dramatic effect on the DF composition of plant-based foods.Given the considerable nutritional value of DF,a deeper understanding of DF in food plants,including its composition and biosynthesis,is fundamental to the establishment of a daily intake reference of DF and is also critical to molecular breeding programs for modifying DF content.In the past decades,plant cell wall biology has seen dramatic progress,and such knowledge is of great potential to be translated into DF-related food science research and may provide future research directions for improving the health benefits of food crops.In this review,to spark interdisciplinary discussions between food science researchers and plant cell wall biologists,we focus on a specific category of DF--cell wall carbohydrates.We first summarize the content and composition of carbohydrate DF in various plant-based foods,and then discuss the structure and biosynthesis mechanism of each carbohydrate DF category,in particular the respective biosynthetic enzymes.Health impacts of DF are highlighted,and finally,future directions of DF research are also briefly outlined.
基金the Fundagao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo(FAPESP)for the BIOEN Young Investigators Awards,Brazil(No.2015/02527-1)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientificoe Tecnologico(CNPq),Brazil(No.302927/2018-2)+1 种基金the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs of China via the Overseas Expertise Introduction Project for Discipline Innovation(111 Project D18008)a start-up grant from Yunnan University,China(No.C176220100077).
文摘The coffee beverage is the second most consumed drink worldwide after water.In coffee beans,cell wall storage polysaccharides(CWSPs)represent around 50 per cent of the seed dry mass,mainly consisting of galactomannans and arabinogalactans.These highly abundant structural components largely influence the organoleptic properties of the coffee beverage,mainly due to the complex changes they undergo during the roasting process.From a nutritional point of view,coffee CWSPs are soluble dietary fibers shown to provide numerous health benefits in reducing the risk of human diseases.Due to their influence on coffee quality and their health-promoting benefits,CWSPs have been attracting significant research attention.The importance of cell walls to the coffee industry is not restricted to beans used for beverage production,as several coffee by-products also present high concentrations of cell wall components.These by-products include cherry husks,cherry pulps,parchment skin,silver skin,and spent coffee grounds,which are currently used or have the potential to be utilized either as food ingredients or additives,or for the generation of downstream products such as enzymes,pharmaceuticals,and bioethanol.In addition to their functions during plant development,cell walls also play a role in the plant's resistance to stresses.Here,we review several aspects of coffee cell walls,including chemical composition,biosynthesis,their function in coffee’s responses to stresses,and their influence on coffee quality.We also propose some potential cell wall-related biotechnological strategies envisaged for coffee improvements.
