The increase and spread of bacterial resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics are reported in many infections and are a real public health problem worldwide. Drug pressure is a factor that favors the em...The increase and spread of bacterial resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics are reported in many infections and are a real public health problem worldwide. Drug pressure is a factor that favors the emergence of a population of better adapted bacteria. However, there is no literature highlighting the genetic diversity and evolutionary structure of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in an environment with high selection pressure in Côte d’Ivoire. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains circulating at the HKB Hospital in Abobo and at the Daloa Regional Hospital and its impact on the dissemination of extended spectrum beta-lactam resistance genes. A total of 39 strains isolated from the urinary tract of infected patients, including 30 strains of E. coli and 9 strains of K. pneumoniae were studied. A total of 39 strains isolated from the urinary tract of infected patients, including 30 strains of E. coli and 9 strains of K. pneumoniae were studied. From genomic DNA extracts, ESBL resistance genes were amplified by PCR and sequenced, in addition to genetic typing by ERIC-PCR. The data obtained were submitted to genetic and bioinformatics analyses. The results have shown a genetic diversity important in E. coli and K. pneumoniae with diversity indexs (SID) ranging from 0.5 to 0.77. The genetic structure of the bacterial species studied has shown a clonal distribution of strains with clones expressing TEM-9 and CTX-M-15 variants. Also, this clonal structure was correlated with the spread of resistance genes in E. coli and K. pneumoniae. The spread of resistant clones is a factor that might limit the fight against antibiotic resistance.展开更多
Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for the growth and development of cocoa tree (Theobroma cacao Linn). Most of the soils used for cocoa farming in C?te d’Ivoire are low in phosphorus. But cocoa farmers gen...Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for the growth and development of cocoa tree (Theobroma cacao Linn). Most of the soils used for cocoa farming in C?te d’Ivoire are low in phosphorus. But cocoa farmers generally have a widespread reluctance to invest in chemicals fertilizers due to high costs and environmental associated risk. Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) are kwon to play an important role in supply of phosphorous to plants in a sustainable manner in P deficient soils. The aim of this research was to screen the endophytic bacteria of cocoa nurseries able to solubilize tri-calcium phosphate. Seedlings of two varieties of cocoa (P7 and NA32) and seedlings of an all-comer, were grown on eighteen (18) samples soils collected in six producing regions of C?te d’Ivoire. A total of 218 endophytic bacteria were isolated and tested on the Pikovskaya’s agar medium, containing Ca3 (PO4) 2. The colonies with clear zone around the microbial growth were suspected as phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Out of 218 bacteria, 90 (41.28%) showed a clear zone around colonies after 7 days of incubation. The Phosphate Solubilization Index (PSI) ranged from 20% to 200%. Bacterial isolated from the soils of Duékoué locality showed the highest mean index of 137.67%. Five PSB (CEBSP5, CEBSP6, CEBSP7, CEBSP8, and CEBSP9) from Duékoué soils and two PSB (CEBSP12 and CEBSP13) from Soubré soils have a PSI ranged from 150% to 200%. Further study in greenhouse and in field condition will confirm the use of these PSB as biofertilizer to increase the available P content in soils, reduce environmental pollution and promote sustainable agriculture.展开更多
Background: African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) is caused mainly by Trypanosoma congolense, T. vivax, and T. brucei brucei and is the major constraint for livestock productivity in Sub-Saharan African countries. Info...Background: African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) is caused mainly by Trypanosoma congolense, T. vivax, and T. brucei brucei and is the major constraint for livestock productivity in Sub-Saharan African countries. Information about animal trypanosomiasis status in Ivory Coast is missing, especially regarding molecular epidemiology. Therefore, this study intended to apply molecular tools to identify and characterize trypanosomes in Ivory Coast for sustainable control. Methods: 363 cattle blood samples were collected from Ferkessedougou Region in northern Ivory Coast in 2012. Buffy coat technique (BCT) and species-specific PCR assays were used to detect trypanosome species. Results: Out of 363 cattle examined with BCT, 33 were found positive with all trypanosomes species accounting for an average of 9.09% prevalence whereas polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using species-specific primers showed that 81 out of 363 cattle were infected with trypanosomes with an overall prevalence of 22.31%. Trypanosoma congolense savanah type, T. Vivax and T. brucei sl. accounted for 28.39%, 49.38% and 23.45% of the infection rate respectively. No infection with T. congo forest?type was detected. T. vivax infection was the most prevalence in the area investigated compared to the two other trypanosome species. Mixed infections with different trypanosomes species were detected accounting for 7.32% of prevalence. Regarding sexrelated prevalence, male cattles were slightly more infected than female but the difference was not significant. Conclusion: Our results showed that there was a high prevalence of AAT in livestock in Ferkessedougou Area. There is therefore a need to strengthen control policies and institute measures that help prevent the spread of the parasites for sustainable control of animal trypanosome in this area.展开更多
文摘The increase and spread of bacterial resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics are reported in many infections and are a real public health problem worldwide. Drug pressure is a factor that favors the emergence of a population of better adapted bacteria. However, there is no literature highlighting the genetic diversity and evolutionary structure of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in an environment with high selection pressure in Côte d’Ivoire. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains circulating at the HKB Hospital in Abobo and at the Daloa Regional Hospital and its impact on the dissemination of extended spectrum beta-lactam resistance genes. A total of 39 strains isolated from the urinary tract of infected patients, including 30 strains of E. coli and 9 strains of K. pneumoniae were studied. A total of 39 strains isolated from the urinary tract of infected patients, including 30 strains of E. coli and 9 strains of K. pneumoniae were studied. From genomic DNA extracts, ESBL resistance genes were amplified by PCR and sequenced, in addition to genetic typing by ERIC-PCR. The data obtained were submitted to genetic and bioinformatics analyses. The results have shown a genetic diversity important in E. coli and K. pneumoniae with diversity indexs (SID) ranging from 0.5 to 0.77. The genetic structure of the bacterial species studied has shown a clonal distribution of strains with clones expressing TEM-9 and CTX-M-15 variants. Also, this clonal structure was correlated with the spread of resistance genes in E. coli and K. pneumoniae. The spread of resistant clones is a factor that might limit the fight against antibiotic resistance.
文摘Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for the growth and development of cocoa tree (Theobroma cacao Linn). Most of the soils used for cocoa farming in C?te d’Ivoire are low in phosphorus. But cocoa farmers generally have a widespread reluctance to invest in chemicals fertilizers due to high costs and environmental associated risk. Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) are kwon to play an important role in supply of phosphorous to plants in a sustainable manner in P deficient soils. The aim of this research was to screen the endophytic bacteria of cocoa nurseries able to solubilize tri-calcium phosphate. Seedlings of two varieties of cocoa (P7 and NA32) and seedlings of an all-comer, were grown on eighteen (18) samples soils collected in six producing regions of C?te d’Ivoire. A total of 218 endophytic bacteria were isolated and tested on the Pikovskaya’s agar medium, containing Ca3 (PO4) 2. The colonies with clear zone around the microbial growth were suspected as phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Out of 218 bacteria, 90 (41.28%) showed a clear zone around colonies after 7 days of incubation. The Phosphate Solubilization Index (PSI) ranged from 20% to 200%. Bacterial isolated from the soils of Duékoué locality showed the highest mean index of 137.67%. Five PSB (CEBSP5, CEBSP6, CEBSP7, CEBSP8, and CEBSP9) from Duékoué soils and two PSB (CEBSP12 and CEBSP13) from Soubré soils have a PSI ranged from 150% to 200%. Further study in greenhouse and in field condition will confirm the use of these PSB as biofertilizer to increase the available P content in soils, reduce environmental pollution and promote sustainable agriculture.
基金funded by the International Foundation for Science(IFS),Karlavagen 108,5th floor,SE-115 26 Stockholm,Sweden(Fellow ship No.AB/21683R).
文摘Background: African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) is caused mainly by Trypanosoma congolense, T. vivax, and T. brucei brucei and is the major constraint for livestock productivity in Sub-Saharan African countries. Information about animal trypanosomiasis status in Ivory Coast is missing, especially regarding molecular epidemiology. Therefore, this study intended to apply molecular tools to identify and characterize trypanosomes in Ivory Coast for sustainable control. Methods: 363 cattle blood samples were collected from Ferkessedougou Region in northern Ivory Coast in 2012. Buffy coat technique (BCT) and species-specific PCR assays were used to detect trypanosome species. Results: Out of 363 cattle examined with BCT, 33 were found positive with all trypanosomes species accounting for an average of 9.09% prevalence whereas polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using species-specific primers showed that 81 out of 363 cattle were infected with trypanosomes with an overall prevalence of 22.31%. Trypanosoma congolense savanah type, T. Vivax and T. brucei sl. accounted for 28.39%, 49.38% and 23.45% of the infection rate respectively. No infection with T. congo forest?type was detected. T. vivax infection was the most prevalence in the area investigated compared to the two other trypanosome species. Mixed infections with different trypanosomes species were detected accounting for 7.32% of prevalence. Regarding sexrelated prevalence, male cattles were slightly more infected than female but the difference was not significant. Conclusion: Our results showed that there was a high prevalence of AAT in livestock in Ferkessedougou Area. There is therefore a need to strengthen control policies and institute measures that help prevent the spread of the parasites for sustainable control of animal trypanosome in this area.
