This review article provides a new insight on the application of cerium oxide(CeO_(2))-metal oxide nanocomposites as catalyst with enhanced reducibility and improved oxygen(O_(2))storage capacity,especially in the var...This review article provides a new insight on the application of cerium oxide(CeO_(2))-metal oxide nanocomposites as catalyst with enhanced reducibility and improved oxygen(O_(2))storage capacity,especially in the varying chemical reaction processes including combustion,oxidation,epoxidation and redox.The CeO_(2)-metal oxide interaction plays an important role in controlling particle size,O_(2) availability and coke resistance properties of the catalyst.Strong metal oxide-CeO_(2) interaction also assists in generating small and highly dispersed particles,resists sintering of catalyst particles during the catalysis process,and consequently improves the O_(2) availability of the catalyst.Indeed,CeO_(2) not only provides an active support to heterogeneous catalyst,but also creates a new active site at the metal-support interface to produce stronger nanoparticle bonding through the surface O_(2) vacancy.This consequently produces a heterogeneous catalytic system with promising reaction rate and catalytic stability in many industrial applications such as CO_(2) hydrogenation,CO oxidatio n,biodiesel productio n,gas reduction,photocatalytic and methane steam reforming.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the immunogenicity of H pylori proteins, to evaluate the production rate of anti H pylori IgG antibodies in relation to time and to demonstrate the fidelity of newly optimized in-house enzymelinke...AIM： To investigate the immunogenicity of H pylori proteins, to evaluate the production rate of anti H pylori IgG antibodies in relation to time and to demonstrate the fidelity of newly optimized in-house enzymelinked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） technique as an alternative for H pylori infection assay. METHODS： In the present study, 100 μg of formalinfixed H pylori whole cell antigens was injected into an experimental animal （New Zealand white female rabbit） intramuscularly on d 0, 16, 27 and 35. The first two doses were injected with adjuvants. On d 0, a serum sample was collected from the rabbit before immunization and this pre-immunized serum was used as a negative control for the whole study. To evaluate the immunogenic responses of the injected antigen, serum samples were collected from the rabbit at regular intervals up to d 42. The sera were analyzed using inhouse ELISA and Western blot techniques.RESULTS： The production of anti Hpylor/IgG antibodies in the rabbit in response to the injected antigen increased almost exponentially up to d 14 and after that it was maintained at the same level until the last day （d 42）. By analyzing the immune profiles of immunized sera, 11 proteins were identified to be immunogenic, among them 2 （approximately 100 kDa and 85 kDa） were most prominent. CONCLUSION： Analysis of the immune responses against pathogenic microorganisms like H py/ori is necessary for the development of various diagnostic and preventive approaches. The results of this experiment reveal that the formalin-fixed H pylori whole cell antigens injected into the rabbit are highly immunogenic. These prominent proteins （approximately 100 kDa and 85 kDa） might have higher immunogenic effects among humans infected with H pylori and some of these immunogenic proteins can be included in diagnostic approaches based on serology and also for vaccine formulation. The in- house ELISA is a promising alternative compared to invasive techniques.展开更多
We present a consensus mechanism in this paper that is designed specifically for supply chain blockchains,with a core focus on establishing trust among participating stakeholders through a novel reputation-based appro...We present a consensus mechanism in this paper that is designed specifically for supply chain blockchains,with a core focus on establishing trust among participating stakeholders through a novel reputation-based approach.The prevailing consensus mechanisms,initially crafted for cryptocurrency applications,prove unsuitable for the unique dynamics of supply chain systems.Unlike the broad inclusivity of cryptocurrency networks,our proposed mechanism insists on stakeholder participation rooted in process-specific quality criteria.The delineation of roles for supply chain participants within the consensus process becomes paramount.While reputation serves as a well-established quality parameter in various domains,its nuanced impact on non-cryptocurrency consensus mechanisms remains uncharted territory.Moreover,recognizing the primary role of efficient block verification in blockchain-enabled supply chains,our work introduces a comprehensive reputation model.This model strategically selects a leader node to orchestrate the entire block mining process within the consensus.Additionally,we innovate with a Schnorr Multisignature-based block verification mechanism seamlessly integrated into our proposed consensus model.Rigorous experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance and feasibility of our pioneering consensus mechanism,contributing valuable insights to the evolving landscape of blockchain technology in supply chain applications.展开更多
基金the Universiti Malaya Research Grant(UMRG RP044A-17AET)for the financial support。
文摘This review article provides a new insight on the application of cerium oxide(CeO_(2))-metal oxide nanocomposites as catalyst with enhanced reducibility and improved oxygen(O_(2))storage capacity,especially in the varying chemical reaction processes including combustion,oxidation,epoxidation and redox.The CeO_(2)-metal oxide interaction plays an important role in controlling particle size,O_(2) availability and coke resistance properties of the catalyst.Strong metal oxide-CeO_(2) interaction also assists in generating small and highly dispersed particles,resists sintering of catalyst particles during the catalysis process,and consequently improves the O_(2) availability of the catalyst.Indeed,CeO_(2) not only provides an active support to heterogeneous catalyst,but also creates a new active site at the metal-support interface to produce stronger nanoparticle bonding through the surface O_(2) vacancy.This consequently produces a heterogeneous catalytic system with promising reaction rate and catalytic stability in many industrial applications such as CO_(2) hydrogenation,CO oxidatio n,biodiesel productio n,gas reduction,photocatalytic and methane steam reforming.
基金Research Funds of Microbiology Department, Dhaka University
文摘AIM： To investigate the immunogenicity of H pylori proteins, to evaluate the production rate of anti H pylori IgG antibodies in relation to time and to demonstrate the fidelity of newly optimized in-house enzymelinked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） technique as an alternative for H pylori infection assay. METHODS： In the present study, 100 μg of formalinfixed H pylori whole cell antigens was injected into an experimental animal （New Zealand white female rabbit） intramuscularly on d 0, 16, 27 and 35. The first two doses were injected with adjuvants. On d 0, a serum sample was collected from the rabbit before immunization and this pre-immunized serum was used as a negative control for the whole study. To evaluate the immunogenic responses of the injected antigen, serum samples were collected from the rabbit at regular intervals up to d 42. The sera were analyzed using inhouse ELISA and Western blot techniques.RESULTS： The production of anti Hpylor/IgG antibodies in the rabbit in response to the injected antigen increased almost exponentially up to d 14 and after that it was maintained at the same level until the last day （d 42）. By analyzing the immune profiles of immunized sera, 11 proteins were identified to be immunogenic, among them 2 （approximately 100 kDa and 85 kDa） were most prominent. CONCLUSION： Analysis of the immune responses against pathogenic microorganisms like H py/ori is necessary for the development of various diagnostic and preventive approaches. The results of this experiment reveal that the formalin-fixed H pylori whole cell antigens injected into the rabbit are highly immunogenic. These prominent proteins （approximately 100 kDa and 85 kDa） might have higher immunogenic effects among humans infected with H pylori and some of these immunogenic proteins can be included in diagnostic approaches based on serology and also for vaccine formulation. The in- house ELISA is a promising alternative compared to invasive techniques.
基金made possible by NPRP(NPRP11S-1227-1701359)from the Qatar National Research Fund(a member of Qatar Foundation).
文摘We present a consensus mechanism in this paper that is designed specifically for supply chain blockchains,with a core focus on establishing trust among participating stakeholders through a novel reputation-based approach.The prevailing consensus mechanisms,initially crafted for cryptocurrency applications,prove unsuitable for the unique dynamics of supply chain systems.Unlike the broad inclusivity of cryptocurrency networks,our proposed mechanism insists on stakeholder participation rooted in process-specific quality criteria.The delineation of roles for supply chain participants within the consensus process becomes paramount.While reputation serves as a well-established quality parameter in various domains,its nuanced impact on non-cryptocurrency consensus mechanisms remains uncharted territory.Moreover,recognizing the primary role of efficient block verification in blockchain-enabled supply chains,our work introduces a comprehensive reputation model.This model strategically selects a leader node to orchestrate the entire block mining process within the consensus.Additionally,we innovate with a Schnorr Multisignature-based block verification mechanism seamlessly integrated into our proposed consensus model.Rigorous experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance and feasibility of our pioneering consensus mechanism,contributing valuable insights to the evolving landscape of blockchain technology in supply chain applications.
