Acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)is the name used to describe several potentially life-threatening infections and disorders that happen when HIV has severely compromised the immune system.The primary effect of...Acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)is the name used to describe several potentially life-threatening infections and disorders that happen when HIV has severely compromised the immune system.The primary effect of HIV is to decrease host immunity,exposing the host to external pathogens.The development of pharmaceutical drugs that directly cure the infection is crucial because of the current wide-ranging epidemic of HIV.Most therapeutic anti-HIV drugs are nucleosides.However,their high toxicity and potential for drug resistance restrict their use.Many of the most effective clinical drugs used to inhibit HIV,the activation of latent HIV,and AIDS have been obtained from natural sources.This review focuses on potential natural medicinal products for treating and managing HIV and AIDS.Notwithstanding,further clinical research studies are needed to understand the subject and its dynamics.展开更多
Background:Neurodegenerative diseases(NDs),including Alzheimer‘s disease,Parkinson‘s disease,and Huntington‘s disease,are complex and challenging due to their intricate pathophysiology and limited treatment options...Background:Neurodegenerative diseases(NDs),including Alzheimer‘s disease,Parkinson‘s disease,and Huntington‘s disease,are complex and challenging due to their intricate pathophysiology and limited treatment options.Methods:This review systematically sourced articles related to neurodegenerative diseases,neurodegeneration,quercetin,and clinical studies from primary medical databases,including Scopus,PubMed,and Web of Science.Results:Recent studies have included quercetin to impact the cellular and molecular pathways involved in neurodegeneration.Quercetin,a flavonoid abundant in vegetables and fruits,is gaining attention for its antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and antiapoptotic properties.It regulates signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB),sirtuins,and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt).These pathways are essential for cellular survival,inflammation regulation,and apoptosis.Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that quercetin improves symptoms and pathology in neurodegenerative models,indicating promising outcomes.Conclusions:The study explores the potential of incorporating laboratory research into practical medical treatment,focusing on quercetin‘s neuroprotective effects on NDs and its optimal dosage.展开更多
The increasing incidence of neurodegenerative diseases(NDs)and the constraints of existing treatment methods have spurred a keen interest in investigating alternative therapies.Medicinal plants,renowned for their long...The increasing incidence of neurodegenerative diseases(NDs)and the constraints of existing treatment methods have spurred a keen interest in investigating alternative therapies.Medicinal plants,renowned for their long-standing use in traditional medicine,offer a hopeful avenue for discovering new neuroprotective agents.This study emphasizes the potential neuroprotective characteristics of edible fruit plants in Bangladesh,specifically focusing on their traditional folk medicine uses for neurological disorders.This study provides an in-depth overview of the different types of edible fruit trees in Bangladesh and their phytochemicals,including flavonoids,terpenoids,and phenolic acids.This work examines the scientific data supporting the neuroprotective properties of bioactive chemicals from plants.It further explores the mechanisms by which these compounds work to counteract oxidative stress,decrease inflammation,and stimulate neurogenesis.Moreover,the study investigates toxicological characteristics and bioactive components of some fruits,emphasizing the importance of further investigation to measure their safety profile comprehensively.This thorough study highlights the potential benefits of Bangladesh's edible fruit trees as a rich source of neuroprotective chemicals.It also shows that additional research might lead to novel approaches for improving brain functioning and preventing NDs.展开更多
Several 3-aminoquinazolin-4-(3H)-one derivatives were synthesized and characterized.Using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra,we have investigated the barriers to rotation around the N ― N bond as a funct...Several 3-aminoquinazolin-4-(3H)-one derivatives were synthesized and characterized.Using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra,we have investigated the barriers to rotation around the N ― N bond as a function of temperature.Changes in the NMR spectra at high temperatures are explained in terms of hindered rotations of the N ― N bond.Free energies of activation for the rate determining stereochemical process were calculated to be as high as 67-75 kJ · mol-1.Ground state molecular geometries and vibrational frequencies were calculated using the HF/6-31G and B3LYP/6-31G level of theories.The optimized bond lengths and bond angles are in good agreement with experimental values at both theoretical levels.展开更多
A mathematical model is designed to investigate Tuberculosis(TB)disease under the vaccination,treatment,andenvironmental impact with real cases.First,we introduce the model formulation in non-integer order derivativea...A mathematical model is designed to investigate Tuberculosis(TB)disease under the vaccination,treatment,andenvironmental impact with real cases.First,we introduce the model formulation in non-integer order derivativeand then,extend the model into fractional order derivative.The fractional system’s existence,uniqueness,andother relevant properties are shown.Then,we study the stability analysis of the equilibrium points.The disease-free equilibrium(DFE)D_(0)is locally asymptotically stable(LAS)when R_(v)<1.Further,we show the globalasymptotical stability(GAS)of the endemic equilibrium(EE)D*for R_(v)>1 and D_(0)for R_(v)≤1.The existenceof bifurcation analysis in the model is investigated,and it is shown the system possesses the forward bifurcationphenomenon.Sensitivity analysis has been performed to determine the sensitive parameters that impact R_(v).Weconsider the real TB statistics from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan and parameterized the model.The computedbasic reproduction number obtained using the real cases is R0≈3.6615.Various numerical results regardingdisease elimination of the sensitive parameters are shown graphically.展开更多
Inorganic resources can be detrimental to the environment when exploited.In comparison,organic resources help balance the soil’s carbon and nitrogen(C/N)ratio,enhance soil fertility and benefit ecological protection....Inorganic resources can be detrimental to the environment when exploited.In comparison,organic resources help balance the soil’s carbon and nitrogen(C/N)ratio,enhance soil fertility and benefit ecological protection.Current climate crises,rapid urbanization,and fast population growth are causing many natural forests to be converted to agricultural and industrial lands to fulfill ever-increasing food and developmental requirements.Application of different bio-resources becomes necessary for sustainable productivity of available lands.This study explores the effects of various organic amendments on the growth,morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes of three leguminous tree species:Dalbergia sissoo,Vachellia nilotica,and Acacia ampliceps,concerning sustainable productivity.One-year-old healthy,disease-free,and homogenous seedlings were used as study material in a greenhouse pot experiment.Four organic amendments,i.e.,compost(CMP),cow dung(CD),poultry manure(PM),and biochar(BC),along with a control(CK)treatment,were applied.Results showed that all the organic amendments performed significantly better(P<0.05)than CK.CD produced the most significant results,followed by BC application,while PM influence was the least.Among all treatments and species,the maximum values of root length,root biomass,chlorophyll content,carotenoids,catalase,and total phenolic content were recorded under the CD treatment.Whereas for plant height and collar diameter,no big differences were observed between CD and BC(P=0.054).While comparing species,V.nilotica growth was significantly enhanced under organic amendments,followed by A.ampliceps.Combined and comparative results of studied parameters conclude that CD and BC were the most effective organic amendments,which greatly improved the growth of experimental leguminous tree species;this makes these two biofertilizers a powerful tool for sustainable agricultural productivity.Our study contributes toward an enhanced understanding of plant’s morpho-physiological responses,biochemical growth patterns,controls,and activities under different bio-fertilizers.展开更多
In this paper, we present a general model for Arabic bank check processing indicating the major phases of a check processing system. We then survey the available databases for Arabic bank check processing research. Th...In this paper, we present a general model for Arabic bank check processing indicating the major phases of a check processing system. We then survey the available databases for Arabic bank check processing research. The state of the art in the different phases of Arabic bank check processing is surveyed （i.e., pre-processing, check analysis and segmentation, features extraction, and legal and courtesy amounts recognition）. The open issues for future research are stated and areas that need improvements are presented. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first survey of Arabic bank check processing.展开更多
基金funding this work through the Large Research Group Project under grant number RGP.02/513/45.
文摘Acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)is the name used to describe several potentially life-threatening infections and disorders that happen when HIV has severely compromised the immune system.The primary effect of HIV is to decrease host immunity,exposing the host to external pathogens.The development of pharmaceutical drugs that directly cure the infection is crucial because of the current wide-ranging epidemic of HIV.Most therapeutic anti-HIV drugs are nucleosides.However,their high toxicity and potential for drug resistance restrict their use.Many of the most effective clinical drugs used to inhibit HIV,the activation of latent HIV,and AIDS have been obtained from natural sources.This review focuses on potential natural medicinal products for treating and managing HIV and AIDS.Notwithstanding,further clinical research studies are needed to understand the subject and its dynamics.
基金financially supporting this work through the Large Research Group Project under grant number R.G.P.2/510/45。
文摘Background:Neurodegenerative diseases(NDs),including Alzheimer‘s disease,Parkinson‘s disease,and Huntington‘s disease,are complex and challenging due to their intricate pathophysiology and limited treatment options.Methods:This review systematically sourced articles related to neurodegenerative diseases,neurodegeneration,quercetin,and clinical studies from primary medical databases,including Scopus,PubMed,and Web of Science.Results:Recent studies have included quercetin to impact the cellular and molecular pathways involved in neurodegeneration.Quercetin,a flavonoid abundant in vegetables and fruits,is gaining attention for its antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and antiapoptotic properties.It regulates signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB),sirtuins,and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt).These pathways are essential for cellular survival,inflammation regulation,and apoptosis.Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that quercetin improves symptoms and pathology in neurodegenerative models,indicating promising outcomes.Conclusions:The study explores the potential of incorporating laboratory research into practical medical treatment,focusing on quercetin‘s neuroprotective effects on NDs and its optimal dosage.
文摘The increasing incidence of neurodegenerative diseases(NDs)and the constraints of existing treatment methods have spurred a keen interest in investigating alternative therapies.Medicinal plants,renowned for their long-standing use in traditional medicine,offer a hopeful avenue for discovering new neuroprotective agents.This study emphasizes the potential neuroprotective characteristics of edible fruit plants in Bangladesh,specifically focusing on their traditional folk medicine uses for neurological disorders.This study provides an in-depth overview of the different types of edible fruit trees in Bangladesh and their phytochemicals,including flavonoids,terpenoids,and phenolic acids.This work examines the scientific data supporting the neuroprotective properties of bioactive chemicals from plants.It further explores the mechanisms by which these compounds work to counteract oxidative stress,decrease inflammation,and stimulate neurogenesis.Moreover,the study investigates toxicological characteristics and bioactive components of some fruits,emphasizing the importance of further investigation to measure their safety profile comprehensively.This thorough study highlights the potential benefits of Bangladesh's edible fruit trees as a rich source of neuroprotective chemicals.It also shows that additional research might lead to novel approaches for improving brain functioning and preventing NDs.
基金AL-AMRI Reem S. Abdulaziz was supported by the King Abdul Aziz City of Science and Technology (KACST) (GSP-18-138)
文摘Several 3-aminoquinazolin-4-(3H)-one derivatives were synthesized and characterized.Using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra,we have investigated the barriers to rotation around the N ― N bond as a function of temperature.Changes in the NMR spectra at high temperatures are explained in terms of hindered rotations of the N ― N bond.Free energies of activation for the rate determining stereochemical process were calculated to be as high as 67-75 kJ · mol-1.Ground state molecular geometries and vibrational frequencies were calculated using the HF/6-31G and B3LYP/6-31G level of theories.The optimized bond lengths and bond angles are in good agreement with experimental values at both theoretical levels.
基金supporting this work through the Large Research Group Project under Grant No.R.G.P.2/507/45.
文摘A mathematical model is designed to investigate Tuberculosis(TB)disease under the vaccination,treatment,andenvironmental impact with real cases.First,we introduce the model formulation in non-integer order derivativeand then,extend the model into fractional order derivative.The fractional system’s existence,uniqueness,andother relevant properties are shown.Then,we study the stability analysis of the equilibrium points.The disease-free equilibrium(DFE)D_(0)is locally asymptotically stable(LAS)when R_(v)<1.Further,we show the globalasymptotical stability(GAS)of the endemic equilibrium(EE)D*for R_(v)>1 and D_(0)for R_(v)≤1.The existenceof bifurcation analysis in the model is investigated,and it is shown the system possesses the forward bifurcationphenomenon.Sensitivity analysis has been performed to determine the sensitive parameters that impact R_(v).Weconsider the real TB statistics from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan and parameterized the model.The computedbasic reproduction number obtained using the real cases is R0≈3.6615.Various numerical results regardingdisease elimination of the sensitive parameters are shown graphically.
基金supported by funding from the Central South University of Forestry and Technology and the Hunan Province Educational Department Funding(No.70702-45200003).
文摘Inorganic resources can be detrimental to the environment when exploited.In comparison,organic resources help balance the soil’s carbon and nitrogen(C/N)ratio,enhance soil fertility and benefit ecological protection.Current climate crises,rapid urbanization,and fast population growth are causing many natural forests to be converted to agricultural and industrial lands to fulfill ever-increasing food and developmental requirements.Application of different bio-resources becomes necessary for sustainable productivity of available lands.This study explores the effects of various organic amendments on the growth,morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes of three leguminous tree species:Dalbergia sissoo,Vachellia nilotica,and Acacia ampliceps,concerning sustainable productivity.One-year-old healthy,disease-free,and homogenous seedlings were used as study material in a greenhouse pot experiment.Four organic amendments,i.e.,compost(CMP),cow dung(CD),poultry manure(PM),and biochar(BC),along with a control(CK)treatment,were applied.Results showed that all the organic amendments performed significantly better(P<0.05)than CK.CD produced the most significant results,followed by BC application,while PM influence was the least.Among all treatments and species,the maximum values of root length,root biomass,chlorophyll content,carotenoids,catalase,and total phenolic content were recorded under the CD treatment.Whereas for plant height and collar diameter,no big differences were observed between CD and BC(P=0.054).While comparing species,V.nilotica growth was significantly enhanced under organic amendments,followed by A.ampliceps.Combined and comparative results of studied parameters conclude that CD and BC were the most effective organic amendments,which greatly improved the growth of experimental leguminous tree species;this makes these two biofertilizers a powerful tool for sustainable agricultural productivity.Our study contributes toward an enhanced understanding of plant’s morpho-physiological responses,biochemical growth patterns,controls,and activities under different bio-fertilizers.
基金supported by King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) of Saudi Arabia under Grant Nos. RG-1009-1 and RG-1009-2
文摘In this paper, we present a general model for Arabic bank check processing indicating the major phases of a check processing system. We then survey the available databases for Arabic bank check processing research. The state of the art in the different phases of Arabic bank check processing is surveyed （i.e., pre-processing, check analysis and segmentation, features extraction, and legal and courtesy amounts recognition）. The open issues for future research are stated and areas that need improvements are presented. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first survey of Arabic bank check processing.
