为了进一步促进:王E和工程专业中的多样性、公平性和包容性,该组织推出了一个新的网站,网站包含了会员、志愿者和更广泛群体可利用的大量信息、资源和工具。该网站由IEEE多样性、包容性和职业道德特别委员会(IEEE Ad Hoc Committee on D...为了进一步促进:王E和工程专业中的多样性、公平性和包容性,该组织推出了一个新的网站,网站包含了会员、志愿者和更广泛群体可利用的大量信息、资源和工具。该网站由IEEE多样性、包容性和职业道德特别委员会(IEEE Ad Hoc Committee on Diversity,Inclusion,and Professional Ethics)开发,以IEEE近期的多样性和包容性行动为基础,包括2020年采用IEEE多样性声明和今年早些时候发布的道德违反报告和裁定流程的重大改革。展开更多
Video colorization aims to add color to grayscale or monochrome videos.Although existing methods have achieved substantial and noteworthy results in the field of image colorization,video colorization presents more for...Video colorization aims to add color to grayscale or monochrome videos.Although existing methods have achieved substantial and noteworthy results in the field of image colorization,video colorization presents more formidable obstacles due to the additional necessity for temporal consistency.Moreover,there is rarely a systematic review of video colorization methods.In this paper,we aim to review existing state-of-the-art video colorization methods.In addition,maintaining spatial-temporal consistency is pivotal to the process of video colorization.To gain deeper insight into the evolution of existing methods in terms of spatial-temporal consistency,we further review video colorization methods from a novel perspective.Video colorization methods can be categorized into four main categories:optical-flow based methods,scribble-based methods,exemplar-based methods,and fully automatic methods.However,optical-flow based methods rely heavily on accurate optical-flow estimation,scribble-based methods require extensive user interaction and modifications,exemplar-based methods face challenges in obtaining suitable reference images,and fully automatic methods often struggle to meet specific colorization requirements.We also discuss the existing challenges and highlight several future research opportunities worth exploring.展开更多
Large displays have become ubiquitous in our everyday lives, but these displays are designed for sighted people.This paper addresses the need for visually impaired people to access targets on large wall-mounted displa...Large displays have become ubiquitous in our everyday lives, but these displays are designed for sighted people.This paper addresses the need for visually impaired people to access targets on large wall-mounted displays. We developed an assistive interface which exploits mid-air gesture input and haptic feedback, and examined its potential for pointing and steering tasks in human computer interaction（HCI）. In two experiments, blind and blindfolded users performed target acquisition tasks using mid-air gestures and two different kinds of feedback（i.e., haptic feedback and audio feedback）. Our results show that participants perform faster in Fitts＇ law pointing tasks using the haptic feedback interface rather than the audio feedback interface. Furthermore, a regression analysis between movement time（MT） and the index of difficulty（ID）demonstrates that the Fitts＇ law model and the steering law model are both effective for the evaluation of assistive interfaces for the blind. Our work and findings will serve as an initial step to assist visually impaired people to easily access required information on large public displays using haptic interfaces.展开更多
Despite the existence of advanced functions in smartphones, most blind people are still using old-fashioned phones with familiar layouts and dependence on tactile buttons. Smartphones support accessibility features in...Despite the existence of advanced functions in smartphones, most blind people are still using old-fashioned phones with familiar layouts and dependence on tactile buttons. Smartphones support accessibility features including vibration, speech and sound feedback, and screen readers. However, these features are only intended to provide feedback to user commands or input. It is still a challenge for blind people to discover functions on the screen and to input the commands. Although voice commands are supported in smartphones, these commands are difficult for a system to recognize in noisy environments. At the same time, smartphones are integrated with sophisticated motion sensors, and motion gestures with device tilt have been gaining attention for eyes-free input. We believe that these motion gesture interactions offer more efficient access to smartphone functions for blind people. However, most blind people are not smartphone users and they are aware of neither the affordances available in smartphones nor the potential for interaction through motion gestures. To investigate the most usable gestures for blind people, we conducted a user-defined study with 13 blind participants. Using the gesture set and design heuristics from the user study, we implemented motion gesture based interfaces with speech and vibration feedback for browsing phone books and making a call. We then conducted a second study to investigate the usability of the motion gesture interface and user experiences using the system. The findings indicated that motion gesture interfaces are more efficient than traditional button interfaces. Through the study results, we provided implications for designing smartphone interfaces.展开更多
文摘为了进一步促进:王E和工程专业中的多样性、公平性和包容性,该组织推出了一个新的网站,网站包含了会员、志愿者和更广泛群体可利用的大量信息、资源和工具。该网站由IEEE多样性、包容性和职业道德特别委员会(IEEE Ad Hoc Committee on Diversity,Inclusion,and Professional Ethics)开发,以IEEE近期的多样性和包容性行动为基础,包括2020年采用IEEE多样性声明和今年早些时候发布的道德违反报告和裁定流程的重大改革。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.U22B2049 and 62332010.
文摘Video colorization aims to add color to grayscale or monochrome videos.Although existing methods have achieved substantial and noteworthy results in the field of image colorization,video colorization presents more formidable obstacles due to the additional necessity for temporal consistency.Moreover,there is rarely a systematic review of video colorization methods.In this paper,we aim to review existing state-of-the-art video colorization methods.In addition,maintaining spatial-temporal consistency is pivotal to the process of video colorization.To gain deeper insight into the evolution of existing methods in terms of spatial-temporal consistency,we further review video colorization methods from a novel perspective.Video colorization methods can be categorized into four main categories:optical-flow based methods,scribble-based methods,exemplar-based methods,and fully automatic methods.However,optical-flow based methods rely heavily on accurate optical-flow estimation,scribble-based methods require extensive user interaction and modifications,exemplar-based methods face challenges in obtaining suitable reference images,and fully automatic methods often struggle to meet specific colorization requirements.We also discuss the existing challenges and highlight several future research opportunities worth exploring.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61228206the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research of Japan under Grant Nos.23300048 and 25330241
文摘Large displays have become ubiquitous in our everyday lives, but these displays are designed for sighted people.This paper addresses the need for visually impaired people to access targets on large wall-mounted displays. We developed an assistive interface which exploits mid-air gesture input and haptic feedback, and examined its potential for pointing and steering tasks in human computer interaction（HCI）. In two experiments, blind and blindfolded users performed target acquisition tasks using mid-air gestures and two different kinds of feedback（i.e., haptic feedback and audio feedback）. Our results show that participants perform faster in Fitts＇ law pointing tasks using the haptic feedback interface rather than the audio feedback interface. Furthermore, a regression analysis between movement time（MT） and the index of difficulty（ID）demonstrates that the Fitts＇ law model and the steering law model are both effective for the evaluation of assistive interfaces for the blind. Our work and findings will serve as an initial step to assist visually impaired people to easily access required information on large public displays using haptic interfaces.
基金partially supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research of Japan under Grant Nos.23300048,25330241the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61228206
文摘Despite the existence of advanced functions in smartphones, most blind people are still using old-fashioned phones with familiar layouts and dependence on tactile buttons. Smartphones support accessibility features including vibration, speech and sound feedback, and screen readers. However, these features are only intended to provide feedback to user commands or input. It is still a challenge for blind people to discover functions on the screen and to input the commands. Although voice commands are supported in smartphones, these commands are difficult for a system to recognize in noisy environments. At the same time, smartphones are integrated with sophisticated motion sensors, and motion gestures with device tilt have been gaining attention for eyes-free input. We believe that these motion gesture interactions offer more efficient access to smartphone functions for blind people. However, most blind people are not smartphone users and they are aware of neither the affordances available in smartphones nor the potential for interaction through motion gestures. To investigate the most usable gestures for blind people, we conducted a user-defined study with 13 blind participants. Using the gesture set and design heuristics from the user study, we implemented motion gesture based interfaces with speech and vibration feedback for browsing phone books and making a call. We then conducted a second study to investigate the usability of the motion gesture interface and user experiences using the system. The findings indicated that motion gesture interfaces are more efficient than traditional button interfaces. Through the study results, we provided implications for designing smartphone interfaces.
