To address the severe electromagnetic(EM)pollution and thermal exhaustion issues in modern electronics,C@Mn_(x)O_(y) foams were first reported as an advanced multifunctional filler with superior microwave absorption,R...To address the severe electromagnetic(EM)pollution and thermal exhaustion issues in modern electronics,C@Mn_(x)O_(y) foams were first reported as an advanced multifunctional filler with superior microwave absorption,Radar wave stealth,and thermal dissipation.They were synthesized using a simple one-step annealing route,in which PVP and in-situ generated gas bubbles play a crucial role in the foam formation.Our results show that the C@Mn_(x)O_(y) foams possess excellent electrical insulation and a large thermal conductivity of 3.58 W(m K)^(–1) at a low load of 5 wt.%.Also,they exhibit prominent microwave absorption capabilities(MWACs)with a strong absorption(–46.03 dB)and a wide bandwidth(11.04 GHz)in a low load(30 wt.%).When they are then used as a patch,the wideband Radar cross-section can be effectively reduced by up to 41.34 dB m^(2).This performance outperforms most other heterostructures.Furthermore,the mechanism of dielectric loss and thermal transfer at the atomic level is revealed by the First-principle calculations of the density of states(DOS)and the phonon density of states(PDOS).The combination of C,MnO,and Mn_(3)O_(4) disrupts local microstructure symmetry and induces extra electrical dipoles at the heterointerfaces,benefiting the enhanced MWACs of C@Mn_(x)O_(y) foams along with defect polarization and multiple scattering.Their enhanced TC could be credited to the co-transmission of low phonon-boundary/phonon-defect scattering and multiple-frequency phonons from C,MnO,and Mn_(3)O_(4).Overall,the C@Mn_(x)O_(y) foams are highly promising for application in EM protection,absorption,and thermal management.What is more,this study provides a theoretical guide for designing heterostructures as effective microwave absorbing and thermally conductive materials used in modern electronics.展开更多
Objectives:Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)is a key cause of community-acquired pneumonia,and coinfections lead to varied patient outcomes.A comprehensive understanding of the outcome characteristics and associated etiologie...Objectives:Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)is a key cause of community-acquired pneumonia,and coinfections lead to varied patient outcomes.A comprehensive understanding of the outcome characteristics and associated etiologies of coinfections in MP patients is lacking.Methods and results:We analyzed 121,357 MP cases from 522,292,680 visits in Wuhan,China,in 2023(the final year of the COVID-19 pandemic).Children aged 1e10 years had the highest incidence,whereas those over 60 years had elevated hospitalization,severe infection,and fatality rates.Coinfection patterns differed by age,with bacterial-viral-Chlamydia pneumoniae(C.pneumoniae)/other pathogens prevalent in infants,bacterialviral pathogens prevalent in preschoolers,and viral-viral pathogens prevalent in schoolaged children.Bacterial coinfections were most common in MP-infected patients,especially those who were hospitalized.Coinfection,especially with C.pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa),Haemophilus influenzae(H.influenzae),and Streptococcus pneumoniae(S.pneumoniae),increased hospitalization rates.The most severe outcomes and deaths occurred in patients coinfected with C.pneumoniae-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),influenza A-parainfluenza virus(PIV)or adenovirus-PIV.Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that male sex and adult age(particularly≥40 years)were significantly associated with adverse outcomes in MP monoinfection.For coinfections,significantly higher hospitalization rates were reported among very young children(0-5 years)and adults aged40 years,whereas adults presented an increased risk of severe disease.Coinfection outcomes were significantly associated with seasons of the year(winter,spring,and summer),specific age groups(3-5 years,18-39 years,40-50 years,and 60 years and over),gender(male),and longer onsetto-diagnosis periods.Middle-aged and elderly patients,coinfection,spring and summer,gender(male),and longer onset-to-diagnosis periods were significantly associated with increased hospitalization and serious illness risk.Coinfection,winter,older(adult)age,and gender(male)were significantly associated with an increased risk of death.Conclusions:Compared with adults,children with MP have a greater morbidity risk,whereas middle-aged and older adults face greater risks of hospitalization,serious illness,and death.Coinfection with other pathogens heightens hospitalization and death risks.These insights are crucial for etiological screening,diagnosing multiple pathogens,and preventing and treating infections.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Respiratory infections pose a significant burden on public health.Despite recent outbreaks occurring in various locations,there is limited information available on the pr...Summary What is already known about this topic?Respiratory infections pose a significant burden on public health.Despite recent outbreaks occurring in various locations,there is limited information available on the prevalence trends of multiple common respiratory pathogens in China beyond 2022.What is added by this report?展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52073260)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.LGG21E020002 and LZ24E020004)the Major industrial projects of Jinhua City(No.2024A11011).
文摘To address the severe electromagnetic(EM)pollution and thermal exhaustion issues in modern electronics,C@Mn_(x)O_(y) foams were first reported as an advanced multifunctional filler with superior microwave absorption,Radar wave stealth,and thermal dissipation.They were synthesized using a simple one-step annealing route,in which PVP and in-situ generated gas bubbles play a crucial role in the foam formation.Our results show that the C@Mn_(x)O_(y) foams possess excellent electrical insulation and a large thermal conductivity of 3.58 W(m K)^(–1) at a low load of 5 wt.%.Also,they exhibit prominent microwave absorption capabilities(MWACs)with a strong absorption(–46.03 dB)and a wide bandwidth(11.04 GHz)in a low load(30 wt.%).When they are then used as a patch,the wideband Radar cross-section can be effectively reduced by up to 41.34 dB m^(2).This performance outperforms most other heterostructures.Furthermore,the mechanism of dielectric loss and thermal transfer at the atomic level is revealed by the First-principle calculations of the density of states(DOS)and the phonon density of states(PDOS).The combination of C,MnO,and Mn_(3)O_(4) disrupts local microstructure symmetry and induces extra electrical dipoles at the heterointerfaces,benefiting the enhanced MWACs of C@Mn_(x)O_(y) foams along with defect polarization and multiple scattering.Their enhanced TC could be credited to the co-transmission of low phonon-boundary/phonon-defect scattering and multiple-frequency phonons from C,MnO,and Mn_(3)O_(4).Overall,the C@Mn_(x)O_(y) foams are highly promising for application in EM protection,absorption,and thermal management.What is more,this study provides a theoretical guide for designing heterostructures as effective microwave absorbing and thermally conductive materials used in modern electronics.
基金supported by Guangzhou Laboratory(Grant No.SRPG22-007)Major Project of Guangzhou National Laboratory(Grant No.GZNL2024A01004)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82341034).
文摘Objectives:Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)is a key cause of community-acquired pneumonia,and coinfections lead to varied patient outcomes.A comprehensive understanding of the outcome characteristics and associated etiologies of coinfections in MP patients is lacking.Methods and results:We analyzed 121,357 MP cases from 522,292,680 visits in Wuhan,China,in 2023(the final year of the COVID-19 pandemic).Children aged 1e10 years had the highest incidence,whereas those over 60 years had elevated hospitalization,severe infection,and fatality rates.Coinfection patterns differed by age,with bacterial-viral-Chlamydia pneumoniae(C.pneumoniae)/other pathogens prevalent in infants,bacterialviral pathogens prevalent in preschoolers,and viral-viral pathogens prevalent in schoolaged children.Bacterial coinfections were most common in MP-infected patients,especially those who were hospitalized.Coinfection,especially with C.pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa),Haemophilus influenzae(H.influenzae),and Streptococcus pneumoniae(S.pneumoniae),increased hospitalization rates.The most severe outcomes and deaths occurred in patients coinfected with C.pneumoniae-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),influenza A-parainfluenza virus(PIV)or adenovirus-PIV.Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that male sex and adult age(particularly≥40 years)were significantly associated with adverse outcomes in MP monoinfection.For coinfections,significantly higher hospitalization rates were reported among very young children(0-5 years)and adults aged40 years,whereas adults presented an increased risk of severe disease.Coinfection outcomes were significantly associated with seasons of the year(winter,spring,and summer),specific age groups(3-5 years,18-39 years,40-50 years,and 60 years and over),gender(male),and longer onsetto-diagnosis periods.Middle-aged and elderly patients,coinfection,spring and summer,gender(male),and longer onset-to-diagnosis periods were significantly associated with increased hospitalization and serious illness risk.Coinfection,winter,older(adult)age,and gender(male)were significantly associated with an increased risk of death.Conclusions:Compared with adults,children with MP have a greater morbidity risk,whereas middle-aged and older adults face greater risks of hospitalization,serious illness,and death.Coinfection with other pathogens heightens hospitalization and death risks.These insights are crucial for etiological screening,diagnosing multiple pathogens,and preventing and treating infections.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82102379)the Major Science and Technology Project of Fujian Provincial Health Commission(2021ZD01006)+2 种基金the Fujian Provincial Health Technology Project(2021QNB025,2019-2-52,funded by Xiamen Municipal Health Commission)the Medical and Health Guidance Project of Xiamen(3502Z20214ZD1223)the Medical and Industrial Integration Guidance Project of Xiamen(3502Z20214ZD2143).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Respiratory infections pose a significant burden on public health.Despite recent outbreaks occurring in various locations,there is limited information available on the prevalence trends of multiple common respiratory pathogens in China beyond 2022.What is added by this report?
