Background:Diagnostic panels based on multiple biomarkers and clinical characteristics are considered more favorable than individual biomarker to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Based on age,sex,alpha-fetoprote...Background:Diagnostic panels based on multiple biomarkers and clinical characteristics are considered more favorable than individual biomarker to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Based on age,sex,alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),and protein induced by vitamin K absence II(PIVKA-II)with/without AFP-L3,ASAP and GALAD models are potential diagnostic panels.The diagnostic performances of these two panels were compared relative to HCC detection among patients with various etiologies of chronic liver diseases(CLDs).Methods:A multicenter case-control study recruited CLDs patients with and without HCC from 14 Chi-nese hospitals.The etiologies of CLDs included hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis C virus(HCV),alcoholic liver disease(ALD),and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)values,the diagnostic performances of ASAP and GALAD models were com-pared to detect HCC among patients with various etiologies of CLDs.Results:Among 248 HCC patients and 722 CLD controls,the ASAP model demonstrated the highest AUC(0.886)to detect HCC at any stage,outperforming the GALAD model(0.853,P=0.001),as well as any individual biomarker(0.687-0.799,all P<0.001).In the subgroup analysis of various CLDs etiologies,the ASAP model outperformed the GALAD model to HCC independent of CLDs etiology.In addition,the ASAP model performed better in detecting early-stage(BCLC stage 0/A)HCC versus the GALAD model.Conclusions:Despite using one less laboratory variable(AFP-L3),the ASAP model demonstrated better diagnostic performance than the GALAD model to detect all-stage HCC among patients with various eti-ologies of CLDs-related HCC.展开更多
We propose schemes for realizing various forms of bright solitons,bright vortices,and breathing solitons in a non-resonant,incoherently pumped exciton-polariton condensate system by introducing a two-dimensional Moir&...We propose schemes for realizing various forms of bright solitons,bright vortices,and breathing solitons in a non-resonant,incoherently pumped exciton-polariton condensate system by introducing a two-dimensional Moirélattice external potential.The symmetric shape of the soliton,at the center of the potential field is determined by the rotation angle of the twodimensional Moirélattice external potential.Within a specific range of rotation angles,the stability of the soliton is governed by the depth of the second sub-lattice.These two parameters mutually influence and constrain the soliton’s characteristics,and under certain rotation angles and sub-lattice depths,a bright vortex can be formed.At low pumping levels and with carefully chosen peak-to-valley positions in the external potential,the rotation angle becomes the primary factor controlling the distinct forms of breathing bright solitons.Our proposal provides effective schemes for the formation and control of various types of bright solitons and bright vortices in systems employing Moirélattice external potentials.This scheme for realizing polariton Bose-Einstein condensates(BECs)within a Moirélattice external potential also holds promise for advancing research in fields such as superfluidity and superconductivity.展开更多
To explain the precipitation mechanism ofχphase in Co-based superalloys,the microstructural evolution of Co−Ti−Mo superalloys subjected to aging was investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope...To explain the precipitation mechanism ofχphase in Co-based superalloys,the microstructural evolution of Co−Ti−Mo superalloys subjected to aging was investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and transmission electron microscope(TEM).The results show that the needle-likeχphase is mainly composed ofD0_(19)-Co_(3)(Ti,Mo),which is transformed from L1_(2-γ′)phase,and a specific orientation relationship exists between them.χphase is nucleated through the shearing ofγ′phase due to the influence of stacking fault.The crystal orientation relationship between L1_(2) andD0_(19)can be confirmed as{111}L1_(2)//{0001}_(D0_(19)),and<112>_(L1_(2))//<1100>_(D0_(19)).The growth ofD0_(19-χ)phase depends on the diffusions of Ti and Mo,and consumes a large number of elements.This progress leads to the appearance ofγ′precipitation depletion zone(PDZ)aroundD0_(19-χ)phase.The addition of Ni improves the stability of L1_(2-γ′)phase and the mechanical properties of Co-based superalloys.展开更多
The Ni3Al-based superalloy was rapidly solidified in the form of droplets with varying diameters.The cooling rate(Rc)is a function of diameter(D)of droplet.With the decrease in droplet sizes(increase in the cooling ra...The Ni3Al-based superalloy was rapidly solidified in the form of droplets with varying diameters.The cooling rate(Rc)is a function of diameter(D)of droplet.With the decrease in droplet sizes(increase in the cooling rates),the volume fraction ofγ’+γeutectic structure increases from 21.31(D=1400 lm,Rc=3.6 9 102 K s-1)to 36.31%(D=270 lm,Rc-=2.3 9 103 K s-1).Moreover,unimodal size distribution of nano-γ’exists in the droplets instead of bimodal dual-size distributions ofγprecipitates that are normal in as-cast alloys.展开更多
Serology tests for viral antibodies provide an important tool to support nucleic acid testing for diagnosis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and is useful for documenting previous exposures to SARS-CoV-2...Serology tests for viral antibodies provide an important tool to support nucleic acid testing for diagnosis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and is useful for documenting previous exposures to SARS-CoV-2,the etiological agent of COVID-19.The sensitivities of the chemiluminescent SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM immunoassay were assessed by using serum samples collected from 728 patients testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.The specificity was evaluated on a panel of 60 serum samples from non-COVID-19 patients with high levels of rheumatoid factor,antinuclear antibody,or antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus(EBV),cytomegalovirus(CMV),mycoplasma pneumonia,human respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus,influenza A or influenza B.The imprecision and interference were assessed by adopting the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)EP15-A2 and EP7-A2,respectively.Sensitivities between 1 and 65 days after onset of symptoms were 94.4%and 78.7%,for IgG and IgM test,respectively.The sensitivity increased with the time after symptom onset,and rose to the top on the 22nd to 28th days.The total imprecision(CVs)was less than 6.0%for IgG and less than 6.5%for IgM.Limited cross-reactions with antibodies against EBV,CMV,mycoplasma pneumonia,human RSV,adenovirus,influenza A or influenza B were found.These data suggested the chemiluminescent SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM,assay with reliable utility and sensitivity,could be used for rapid screening and retrospective surveillance of COVID-19.展开更多
Carbon nanofibers(CNFs)have been extensively studied as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries due to their high conductivity,large aspect ratio and good electrochemical stability.The low specific capacity and low f...Carbon nanofibers(CNFs)have been extensively studied as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries due to their high conductivity,large aspect ratio and good electrochemical stability.The low specific capacity and low first cycle efficiency of CNFs,however,have hindered its practical application.Herein,we present a facile strategy to synthesize a novel CNFs decorated with Cu/CuO nanoparticles(Cu-CNFs)using magnetron sputtering method.Cu/CuO nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on the surface of CNFs.According to the density functional theory(DFT)calculation,Cu/CuO nanoparticles d-orbitals and CNFs p-orbitals present hybridization states,and the Na~+adsorption energy of the modified CNFs decreases from-2.14 to-2.97 eV.The Cu-CNFs composites exhibit excellent sodium storage properties,presenting a desirable initial Coulombic efficiency of 76%and a high specific reversible capacity of 300 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 A·g^(-1)after 400 cycles.Cu-CNFs anode has excellent cycling stability under high current density,maintaining a high capacity of 150 mAh·g^(-1)at 1 A·g^(-1)after 6000 cycles.Using magnetron sputtering to regulate the electronic structure provides a new thought for improving the electrochemical performance of carbon materials.展开更多
We find and stabilize high-dimensional dipole and quadrupole solitons in nonlocal competing cubic-quintic nonlinear media.By adjusting the propagation constant,cubic,and quintic nonlinear coefficients,the stable inter...We find and stabilize high-dimensional dipole and quadrupole solitons in nonlocal competing cubic-quintic nonlinear media.By adjusting the propagation constant,cubic,and quintic nonlinear coefficients,the stable intervals for dipole and quadrupole solitons that are parallel to the x-axis and those after rotating 45°counterclockwise around the origin of coordinate are found.For the dipole solitons and those after rotation,their stability is controlled by the propagation constant,the coefficients of cubic and quintic nonlinearity.The stability of quadrupole solitons is controlled by the propagation constant and the coefficient of cubic nonlinearity,rather than the coefficient of quintic nonlinearity,though there is a small effect of the quintic nonlinear coefficient on the stability.Our proposal may provide a way to generate and stabilize some novel high-dimensional nonlinear modes in a nonlocal system.展开更多
The coarsening behaviors of γ″-phase particles in Inconel 718 alloy aged at 750, 800, and 850℃ were investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Detailed observations and quantitative measurements were cond...The coarsening behaviors of γ″-phase particles in Inconel 718 alloy aged at 750, 800, and 850℃ were investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Detailed observations and quantitative measurements were conducted to characterize the coarsening behavior of the γ″-phase under various aging conditions. The experimental results indicate that the existence of the δ-phase retards the formation and coarsening of the γ″-phase, without influencing its final particle size or amount. Moreover, when cold rolled with a reduction of 50%, the dimensions of the γ″ particles in Inconel 718 alloy decrease with increasing aging time. Furthermore, the coarsening behavior of the γ″-phase in the Inconel 718 alloy after a normal aging treatment（sample A） and that of the primary δ-phase（sample B） follow the Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner（LSW） diffusion-controlled growth theory; the thus-obtained activation energies for the γ″-phase are 292 k J·mol^-1 and 302 k J·mol^-1, respectively.展开更多
As-cast Microstructure of A Designed Polycrystalline Ni3 Al-based Superalloy Is Characterized Using Optical Microscope,scanning Electron Microscope, Transmission Electron Microscope Equipped with Selected Area Diffrac...As-cast Microstructure of A Designed Polycrystalline Ni3 Al-based Superalloy Is Characterized Using Optical Microscope,scanning Electron Microscope, Transmission Electron Microscope Equipped with Selected Area Diffraction System,and the Intermetallic Phase Transformations Involved During Solidification Process Are Determined Based on Thermal Analysis Measurements. the As-cast Microstructure Is Mainly Composed of 80.63 Vol% Dendritic and 19.37 Vol% Interdendritic Phases,and the Dendrite Is Identified As Quasi-cuboidal γ＇i Phase Connected by γ-channels Where Ultrafine γ＇Ⅱ Particles Are Distributed,and the Interdendritic Phases Are Determined As γ＇-γ Eutectic Structure Consisting of Ye Phase with Dotted Quasi-spherical γ＇e Particles. During Solidification, the Dendrite Firstly Nucleates from Liquid Melt Near 1348 ℃; Subsequently, the Residual Liquidoid Is Transformed into Interdendritic Phases Around 1326 ℃. Afterward, γ＇ Phase Will Precipitate from Dendritic Ymatrix with Two-stage Characteristics, Resulting in the Distinct Precipitation of γ＇Ⅰ and γ＇Ⅱ Phases When Approaching to 1190 And 1043 ℃, Respectively. the Corresponding Transformations Involved During the Solidification Process Can Be Translated As：Liquidoid{Dendrite（γD）（80.63）%→γ＇Ⅰ＋γ（channel）→γ＇Ⅰ＋γ＇Ⅱ＋γ（channel） Residual liquidoid（19.37%）→Interdendrite（γ＇E-γE eutectic）}As-cast展开更多
We present a flexible manipulation and control of solitons via Bose-Einstein condensates.In the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling and repulsive interactions within a harmonic potential,our investigation reveals t...We present a flexible manipulation and control of solitons via Bose-Einstein condensates.In the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling and repulsive interactions within a harmonic potential,our investigation reveals the numerical local solutions within the system.By manipulating the strength of repulsive interactions and adjusting spin-orbit coupling while maintaining a zero-frequency rotation,diverse soliton structures emerge within the system.These include plane-wave solitons,two distinct types of stripe solitons,and odd petal solitons with both single and double layers.The stability of these solitons is intricately dependent on the varying strength of spin-orbit coupling.Specifically,stripe solitons can maintain a stable existence within regions characterized by enhanced spin-orbit coupling while petal solitons are unable to sustain a stable existence under similar conditions.When rotational frequency is introduced to the system,solitons undergo a transition from stripe solitons to a vortex array characterized by a sustained rotation.The rotational directions of clockwise and counterclockwise are non-equivalent owing to spin-orbit coupling.As a result,the properties of vortex solitons exhibit significant variation and are capable of maintaining a stable existence in the presence of repulsive interactions.展开更多
In one-dimensional incoherent pumped exciton-polariton condensates,we realize the generation and control of supersonic shock waves.By choosing a suitable initial input wave,we obtain the region of existence of various...In one-dimensional incoherent pumped exciton-polariton condensates,we realize the generation and control of supersonic shock waves.By choosing a suitable initial input wave,we obtain the region of existence of various shock waves as a function of the phase of the initial wave,the coefficient of polariton interaction,the coefficient of the interaction between polariton and reservoir and the condensation rate and intensity of pumping.Using these results,we discuss the effect of different parameters on shock waves composed of two shock waves,and find that the gain and loss will result in a sloping platform between two waves.In addition,we also consider the effect of the non-adiabatic approximation and the diffusion coefficient of the reservoir on the profiles of the shock waves.We find that the non-adiabatic approximation will result in some small oscillations on the uniform background,and the platform between two waves becomes flat;however,the diffusion effect of the reservoir will clear these small oscillations and tilt the platform.Our results may pave the way to control shock waves in an incoherent pumped exciton-polariton system.展开更多
We propose a scheme that excites rogue waves via electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT),which can also excite breathers and solitons.The system is a resonantΛ-type atomic ensemble.Under EIT conditions,the enve...We propose a scheme that excites rogue waves via electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT),which can also excite breathers and solitons.The system is a resonantΛ-type atomic ensemble.Under EIT conditions,the envelope equation of the probe field can be reduced to several different models,such as the saturable nonlinear Schr?dinger equation(SNLSE),and SNLSE with the trapping potential provided by a far-detuned laser field or a magnetic field.In this scheme,rogue waves can be generated by different initial pulses,such as the Gaussian wave with(or without)the uniform background.The scheme can be used to obtain rogue waves,breathers and solitons.We show the existence regions of rogue waves,breathers,and solitons as the function of the amplitude and width of the initial pulse.The novelty of our paper is that,we not only show rogue waves in the integrable system numerically,but also present the method to generate and control rogue waves in the non-integrable system.展开更多
Transition metal oxides(TMOs),thanks to their elevated theoretical capacitance and pseudocapacitive properties,are of particular interest in exploring the advanced supercapacitor electrode materials.The present work r...Transition metal oxides(TMOs),thanks to their elevated theoretical capacitance and pseudocapacitive properties,are of particular interest in exploring the advanced supercapacitor electrode materials.The present work reports the rapid laser-assisted synthesis of SiC@-Fe_(2)O_(3-x)anode materials with engineered oxygen vacancies in seconds,which improve the charge transport,redox activity,and structural stability,thus facilitating a substantial enhancement in electrochemical performance.As a result,the resultant SiC@Fe_(2)O_(3-x)nanowires exhibit excellent performances with an areal capacitance of 1082.16 at 5 mA cm^(-2),and retain 86.7%capacitance over 10,000 cycles.Furthermore,the assembled asymmetric supercapacitors(ASC),employing SiC@Fe_(2)O_(3-x)as the negative electrode and Ni(OH)2as the positive electrode,delivers a 1.5 V operating voltage,an energy density of 197μWh cm^(-2),and 80.6%capacitance retention after 14,000cycles,representing their promise toward the applications in next-generation energy storage materials.展开更多
The semiconductor gas sensors used for xylene gas detection in real time has been restricted by the inadequate sensitivity and selectivity.Constructing a bilayer cascade sensor with the catalysis-gas sensitivity syner...The semiconductor gas sensors used for xylene gas detection in real time has been restricted by the inadequate sensitivity and selectivity.Constructing a bilayer cascade sensor with the catalysis-gas sensitivity synergistic is considered as an effective solution.Herein,the Ag@CeO_(2)nanosheets are synthesized by heat treating the Ag@Ce-MOF,which synthesized via solvothermal method.The morphological evolution of cerium metalorganic framework(Ce-MOF),regulated by Ag ions,is investigated,and the transformation mechanism is proposed.The bilayer sensors were constructed by using WO_(3)nanofibers,prepared via the electrospinning method,as the sensitive layer and the Ag@CeO_(2)nanosheets as the catalytic layer,respectively.The bilayer sensors exhibit remarkable performance in response to xylene.The response value(R_(a)/R_(g))of WO_(3)/Ag@CeO_(2)sensor to10 ppm xylene gas reaches 32.13 at the operating temperature of 160℃.Additionally,the sensor displays an exceptional response to even trace amounts of xylene,as low as parts per billion(ppb).The catalysis-gas sensitivity synergistic mechanism was elucidated by capturing catalytic intermediates using online mass spectrometry.These findings provide a novel strategy for benzene series(BTEX)sensor and offer a novel approach to prepare twodimensional Ce-MOF and its derived materials with tailored properties.展开更多
1 Introduction Major and profound changes have taken place in China over the past 30 years. An epidemic of cardiovascular diseases （CVD） in China is emerging as a result of lifestyle changes, urbanization, and the ...1 Introduction Major and profound changes have taken place in China over the past 30 years. An epidemic of cardiovascular diseases （CVD） in China is emerging as a result of lifestyle changes, urbanization, and the accelerated process of aging. The incidence of CVD is continuously increasing and will remain an upward trend in the next decade. Since 2005,展开更多
The effects of Zn addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg.10Gd.3Y.0.6Zr(wt.%)alloys in the as-cast,solution-treated,and peak-aged conditions were investigated.Experimental results reveal that th...The effects of Zn addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg.10Gd.3Y.0.6Zr(wt.%)alloys in the as-cast,solution-treated,and peak-aged conditions were investigated.Experimental results reveal that the microstructure of the as-cast alloy without Zn consists ofα-Mg and Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5)phases,and the alloy with 0.5 wt.%Zn consists ofα-Mg,(Mg,Zn)_(3)(Gd,Y)and Mg_(24)(Gd,Y,Zn)_(5)phases.With the addition of Zn increasing to 1 wt.%,the Mg_(24)(Gd,Y,Zn)_(5)phase disappears and some needle-like stacking faults distribute along the grain boundaries.Moreover,the 18R long-period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase is observed in the as-cast alloy with 2 wt.%Zn.After solution treatment,the Mg24(Gd,Y)_(5)and Mg_(24)(Gd,Y,Zn)_(5)eutectic phases are completely dissolved,and the(Mg,Zn)_(3)(Gd,Y)phase,needle-like stacking faults and 18R LPSO phase all transform into 14H LPSO phase.Both the suitable volume fraction of 14H LPSO phases and the fine ellipsoidal-shapedβ′phases make the peak-aged alloy with 0.5 wt.%Zn exhibit excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and the UTS,YS and elongation are 338 MPa,201 MPa and 6.8%,respectively.展开更多
1 Introduction Rapid socioeconomic progress has greatly affected the lifestyle in China.Consequently,owing to lifestyle changes,urbanization,and accelerated population aging,the risk of cardiovascular diseases(CVD)has...1 Introduction Rapid socioeconomic progress has greatly affected the lifestyle in China.Consequently,owing to lifestyle changes,urbanization,and accelerated population aging,the risk of cardiovascular diseases(CVD)has increased.The incidence of CVD has been increasing continuously and this upward trend is projected to continue in the next decade.The growing burden of CVD has become a major public health issue.展开更多
A 1040°C-hot-deformed Ti_2AlNb-based alloy solution-treated at 950°C and aged at different temperatures was quantitatively investigated. The microstructure, size of the phase, and microhardness of the deform...A 1040°C-hot-deformed Ti_2AlNb-based alloy solution-treated at 950°C and aged at different temperatures was quantitatively investigated. The microstructure, size of the phase, and microhardness of the deformed alloys were measured. The results indicated that the microstructure of the deformed Ti_2AlNb-based alloy specimens comprise coarse O lath, fine O lath, equiaxed O/α_2, and acicular O phase. More O phase was generated in the deformed alloy after heat treatment because the acicular O phase was more likely to nucleate and grow along the deformation-induced crystal defects such as dislocations and subgrain boundaries. After deformation and subsequent heat treatment, the acicular O phase of the resultant alloy became finer compared to that of the undeformed alloy, and the acicular O phase became coarser and longer with the elevated aging temperature, while the width of the O lath exhibited unobvious variations. The hot deformation facilitated the dissolution of the O lath but accelerated the precipitation of the acicular O phase. When the 950°C-solution-treated deformed Ti_2AlNb-based alloy was then aged at 750°C for different periods, the phase content was nearly invariable, O and B2 phases eventually reached equilibrium, and the microstructure became stable and homogeneous.展开更多
Tempering is an important process for T/P92 ferritic heat-resistant steel from the viewpoint of microstructure control, as it facili- tates the formation of final tempered martensite under serving conditions. In this ...Tempering is an important process for T/P92 ferritic heat-resistant steel from the viewpoint of microstructure control, as it facili- tates the formation of final tempered martensite under serving conditions. In this study, we have gained deeper insights on the mechanism underlying the microstructural evolution during tempering treatment, including the precipitation of carbides and the coarsening of martensite laths, as systematically analyzed by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron mi- croscopy. The chemical composition of the precipitates was analyzed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results indicate the for- mation of M3C （cementite） precipitates under normalized conditions. However, they tend to dissolve within a short time of tempering, owing to their low thermal stability. This phenomenon was substantiated by X-ray diffraction analysis. Besides, we could observe the precipitation of fine carbonitrides （MX） along the dislocations. The mechanism of carbon diffusion controlled growth of M23C6 can be expressed by the Zener＇s equation. The movement of Y-junctions was determined to be the fundamental mechanism underlying the martensite lath coarsening process. Vickers hardness was estimated to determine their mechanical properties. Based on the comprehensive analysis of both the micro- structural evolution and hardness variation, the process of tempering can be separated into three steps.展开更多
Effects of heat treatment processing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V-10Nb alloy were investigated. The microstructures were investigated by SEM, TEM and XRD, and the mechanical properties ...Effects of heat treatment processing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V-10Nb alloy were investigated. The microstructures were investigated by SEM, TEM and XRD, and the mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile tests at room and elevated temperatures. The results indicate that the lath-like and globular primary α phase, secondary α phase and β phase are obtained after forging and heat treatment processing. The size of secondary α phase is much smaller than that of primary α phase. After heat treatment, the volume fraction of primary α phase is decreased, and that of secondary α phase is increased. With the increase of solution temperature, the volume fraction of primary α phase is gradually decreased, and that of secondary α phase is obviously increased. The yield strength and tensile strength of Ti-6Al-4V-10Nb alloy are significantly enhanced with the solution temperature increasing.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81972726 and 82273074)Abbott Diagnostics(ADD-China-2016).
文摘Background:Diagnostic panels based on multiple biomarkers and clinical characteristics are considered more favorable than individual biomarker to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Based on age,sex,alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),and protein induced by vitamin K absence II(PIVKA-II)with/without AFP-L3,ASAP and GALAD models are potential diagnostic panels.The diagnostic performances of these two panels were compared relative to HCC detection among patients with various etiologies of chronic liver diseases(CLDs).Methods:A multicenter case-control study recruited CLDs patients with and without HCC from 14 Chi-nese hospitals.The etiologies of CLDs included hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis C virus(HCV),alcoholic liver disease(ALD),and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)values,the diagnostic performances of ASAP and GALAD models were com-pared to detect HCC among patients with various etiologies of CLDs.Results:Among 248 HCC patients and 722 CLD controls,the ASAP model demonstrated the highest AUC(0.886)to detect HCC at any stage,outperforming the GALAD model(0.853,P=0.001),as well as any individual biomarker(0.687-0.799,all P<0.001).In the subgroup analysis of various CLDs etiologies,the ASAP model outperformed the GALAD model to HCC independent of CLDs etiology.In addition,the ASAP model performed better in detecting early-stage(BCLC stage 0/A)HCC versus the GALAD model.Conclusions:Despite using one less laboratory variable(AFP-L3),the ASAP model demonstrated better diagnostic performance than the GALAD model to detect all-stage HCC among patients with various eti-ologies of CLDs-related HCC.
基金support from the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China (Grant No. LZ22A050002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12074343 and 11835011)support from the postdoctoral fellowship of Zhejiang Normal University (Grant No. YS304123952)
文摘We propose schemes for realizing various forms of bright solitons,bright vortices,and breathing solitons in a non-resonant,incoherently pumped exciton-polariton condensate system by introducing a two-dimensional Moirélattice external potential.The symmetric shape of the soliton,at the center of the potential field is determined by the rotation angle of the twodimensional Moirélattice external potential.Within a specific range of rotation angles,the stability of the soliton is governed by the depth of the second sub-lattice.These two parameters mutually influence and constrain the soliton’s characteristics,and under certain rotation angles and sub-lattice depths,a bright vortex can be formed.At low pumping levels and with carefully chosen peak-to-valley positions in the external potential,the rotation angle becomes the primary factor controlling the distinct forms of breathing bright solitons.Our proposal provides effective schemes for the formation and control of various types of bright solitons and bright vortices in systems employing Moirélattice external potentials.This scheme for realizing polariton Bose-Einstein condensates(BECs)within a Moirélattice external potential also holds promise for advancing research in fields such as superfluidity and superconductivity.
基金The financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52171107,52201203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Joint Fund of Iron and Steel Research(No.U1960204)the“333”Talent Project of Hebei Province,China(No.B20221001)are gratefully acknowledged.
文摘To explain the precipitation mechanism ofχphase in Co-based superalloys,the microstructural evolution of Co−Ti−Mo superalloys subjected to aging was investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and transmission electron microscope(TEM).The results show that the needle-likeχphase is mainly composed ofD0_(19)-Co_(3)(Ti,Mo),which is transformed from L1_(2-γ′)phase,and a specific orientation relationship exists between them.χphase is nucleated through the shearing ofγ′phase due to the influence of stacking fault.The crystal orientation relationship between L1_(2) andD0_(19)can be confirmed as{111}L1_(2)//{0001}_(D0_(19)),and<112>_(L1_(2))//<1100>_(D0_(19)).The growth ofD0_(19-χ)phase depends on the diffusions of Ti and Mo,and consumes a large number of elements.This progress leads to the appearance ofγ′precipitation depletion zone(PDZ)aroundD0_(19-χ)phase.The addition of Ni improves the stability of L1_(2-γ′)phase and the mechanical properties of Co-based superalloys.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51774212 and 51674175)
文摘The Ni3Al-based superalloy was rapidly solidified in the form of droplets with varying diameters.The cooling rate(Rc)is a function of diameter(D)of droplet.With the decrease in droplet sizes(increase in the cooling rates),the volume fraction ofγ’+γeutectic structure increases from 21.31(D=1400 lm,Rc=3.6 9 102 K s-1)to 36.31%(D=270 lm,Rc-=2.3 9 103 K s-1).Moreover,unimodal size distribution of nano-γ’exists in the droplets instead of bimodal dual-size distributions ofγprecipitates that are normal in as-cast alloys.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31600666)。
文摘Serology tests for viral antibodies provide an important tool to support nucleic acid testing for diagnosis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and is useful for documenting previous exposures to SARS-CoV-2,the etiological agent of COVID-19.The sensitivities of the chemiluminescent SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM immunoassay were assessed by using serum samples collected from 728 patients testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.The specificity was evaluated on a panel of 60 serum samples from non-COVID-19 patients with high levels of rheumatoid factor,antinuclear antibody,or antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus(EBV),cytomegalovirus(CMV),mycoplasma pneumonia,human respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus,influenza A or influenza B.The imprecision and interference were assessed by adopting the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)EP15-A2 and EP7-A2,respectively.Sensitivities between 1 and 65 days after onset of symptoms were 94.4%and 78.7%,for IgG and IgM test,respectively.The sensitivity increased with the time after symptom onset,and rose to the top on the 22nd to 28th days.The total imprecision(CVs)was less than 6.0%for IgG and less than 6.5%for IgM.Limited cross-reactions with antibodies against EBV,CMV,mycoplasma pneumonia,human RSV,adenovirus,influenza A or influenza B were found.These data suggested the chemiluminescent SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM,assay with reliable utility and sensitivity,could be used for rapid screening and retrospective surveillance of COVID-19.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52271011 and 52102291)。
文摘Carbon nanofibers(CNFs)have been extensively studied as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries due to their high conductivity,large aspect ratio and good electrochemical stability.The low specific capacity and low first cycle efficiency of CNFs,however,have hindered its practical application.Herein,we present a facile strategy to synthesize a novel CNFs decorated with Cu/CuO nanoparticles(Cu-CNFs)using magnetron sputtering method.Cu/CuO nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on the surface of CNFs.According to the density functional theory(DFT)calculation,Cu/CuO nanoparticles d-orbitals and CNFs p-orbitals present hybridization states,and the Na~+adsorption energy of the modified CNFs decreases from-2.14 to-2.97 eV.The Cu-CNFs composites exhibit excellent sodium storage properties,presenting a desirable initial Coulombic efficiency of 76%and a high specific reversible capacity of 300 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 A·g^(-1)after 400 cycles.Cu-CNFs anode has excellent cycling stability under high current density,maintaining a high capacity of 150 mAh·g^(-1)at 1 A·g^(-1)after 6000 cycles.Using magnetron sputtering to regulate the electronic structure provides a new thought for improving the electrochemical performance of carbon materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12074343,11835011)the Natural Science Foundation of the Zhejiang Province of China(LZ22A050002)。
文摘We find and stabilize high-dimensional dipole and quadrupole solitons in nonlocal competing cubic-quintic nonlinear media.By adjusting the propagation constant,cubic,and quintic nonlinear coefficients,the stable intervals for dipole and quadrupole solitons that are parallel to the x-axis and those after rotating 45°counterclockwise around the origin of coordinate are found.For the dipole solitons and those after rotation,their stability is controlled by the propagation constant,the coefficients of cubic and quintic nonlinearity.The stability of quadrupole solitons is controlled by the propagation constant and the coefficient of cubic nonlinearity,rather than the coefficient of quintic nonlinearity,though there is a small effect of the quintic nonlinear coefficient on the stability.Our proposal may provide a way to generate and stabilize some novel high-dimensional nonlinear modes in a nonlocal system.
基金the China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists (No.51325401)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No.2015AA042504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51474156) for grant and financial support
文摘The coarsening behaviors of γ″-phase particles in Inconel 718 alloy aged at 750, 800, and 850℃ were investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Detailed observations and quantitative measurements were conducted to characterize the coarsening behavior of the γ″-phase under various aging conditions. The experimental results indicate that the existence of the δ-phase retards the formation and coarsening of the γ″-phase, without influencing its final particle size or amount. Moreover, when cold rolled with a reduction of 50%, the dimensions of the γ″ particles in Inconel 718 alloy decrease with increasing aging time. Furthermore, the coarsening behavior of the γ″-phase in the Inconel 718 alloy after a normal aging treatment（sample A） and that of the primary δ-phase（sample B） follow the Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner（LSW） diffusion-controlled growth theory; the thus-obtained activation energies for the γ″-phase are 292 k J·mol^-1 and 302 k J·mol^-1, respectively.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.U1660201 and 51474156)the China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists (No.51325401)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No.2015AA042504)
文摘As-cast Microstructure of A Designed Polycrystalline Ni3 Al-based Superalloy Is Characterized Using Optical Microscope,scanning Electron Microscope, Transmission Electron Microscope Equipped with Selected Area Diffraction System,and the Intermetallic Phase Transformations Involved During Solidification Process Are Determined Based on Thermal Analysis Measurements. the As-cast Microstructure Is Mainly Composed of 80.63 Vol% Dendritic and 19.37 Vol% Interdendritic Phases,and the Dendrite Is Identified As Quasi-cuboidal γ＇i Phase Connected by γ-channels Where Ultrafine γ＇Ⅱ Particles Are Distributed,and the Interdendritic Phases Are Determined As γ＇-γ Eutectic Structure Consisting of Ye Phase with Dotted Quasi-spherical γ＇e Particles. During Solidification, the Dendrite Firstly Nucleates from Liquid Melt Near 1348 ℃; Subsequently, the Residual Liquidoid Is Transformed into Interdendritic Phases Around 1326 ℃. Afterward, γ＇ Phase Will Precipitate from Dendritic Ymatrix with Two-stage Characteristics, Resulting in the Distinct Precipitation of γ＇Ⅰ and γ＇Ⅱ Phases When Approaching to 1190 And 1043 ℃, Respectively. the Corresponding Transformations Involved During the Solidification Process Can Be Translated As：Liquidoid{Dendrite（γD）（80.63）%→γ＇Ⅰ＋γ（channel）→γ＇Ⅰ＋γ＇Ⅱ＋γ（channel） Residual liquidoid（19.37%）→Interdendrite（γ＇E-γE eutectic）}As-cast
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(Grant No.LZ22A050002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12074343 and 11835011)Muhammad Idrees acknowledges support from the postdoctoral fellowship of Zhejiang Normal University(Grant No.YS304123952).
文摘We present a flexible manipulation and control of solitons via Bose-Einstein condensates.In the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling and repulsive interactions within a harmonic potential,our investigation reveals the numerical local solutions within the system.By manipulating the strength of repulsive interactions and adjusting spin-orbit coupling while maintaining a zero-frequency rotation,diverse soliton structures emerge within the system.These include plane-wave solitons,two distinct types of stripe solitons,and odd petal solitons with both single and double layers.The stability of these solitons is intricately dependent on the varying strength of spin-orbit coupling.Specifically,stripe solitons can maintain a stable existence within regions characterized by enhanced spin-orbit coupling while petal solitons are unable to sustain a stable existence under similar conditions.When rotational frequency is introduced to the system,solitons undergo a transition from stripe solitons to a vortex array characterized by a sustained rotation.The rotational directions of clockwise and counterclockwise are non-equivalent owing to spin-orbit coupling.As a result,the properties of vortex solitons exhibit significant variation and are capable of maintaining a stable existence in the presence of repulsive interactions.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(Grant No.LZ22A050002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11835011&12074343)
文摘In one-dimensional incoherent pumped exciton-polariton condensates,we realize the generation and control of supersonic shock waves.By choosing a suitable initial input wave,we obtain the region of existence of various shock waves as a function of the phase of the initial wave,the coefficient of polariton interaction,the coefficient of the interaction between polariton and reservoir and the condensation rate and intensity of pumping.Using these results,we discuss the effect of different parameters on shock waves composed of two shock waves,and find that the gain and loss will result in a sloping platform between two waves.In addition,we also consider the effect of the non-adiabatic approximation and the diffusion coefficient of the reservoir on the profiles of the shock waves.We find that the non-adiabatic approximation will result in some small oscillations on the uniform background,and the platform between two waves becomes flat;however,the diffusion effect of the reservoir will clear these small oscillations and tilt the platform.Our results may pave the way to control shock waves in an incoherent pumped exciton-polariton system.
文摘We propose a scheme that excites rogue waves via electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT),which can also excite breathers and solitons.The system is a resonantΛ-type atomic ensemble.Under EIT conditions,the envelope equation of the probe field can be reduced to several different models,such as the saturable nonlinear Schr?dinger equation(SNLSE),and SNLSE with the trapping potential provided by a far-detuned laser field or a magnetic field.In this scheme,rogue waves can be generated by different initial pulses,such as the Gaussian wave with(or without)the uniform background.The scheme can be used to obtain rogue waves,breathers and solitons.We show the existence regions of rogue waves,breathers,and solitons as the function of the amplitude and width of the initial pulse.The novelty of our paper is that,we not only show rogue waves in the integrable system numerically,but also present the method to generate and control rogue waves in the non-integrable system.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52372063)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M730391)
文摘Transition metal oxides(TMOs),thanks to their elevated theoretical capacitance and pseudocapacitive properties,are of particular interest in exploring the advanced supercapacitor electrode materials.The present work reports the rapid laser-assisted synthesis of SiC@-Fe_(2)O_(3-x)anode materials with engineered oxygen vacancies in seconds,which improve the charge transport,redox activity,and structural stability,thus facilitating a substantial enhancement in electrochemical performance.As a result,the resultant SiC@Fe_(2)O_(3-x)nanowires exhibit excellent performances with an areal capacitance of 1082.16 at 5 mA cm^(-2),and retain 86.7%capacitance over 10,000 cycles.Furthermore,the assembled asymmetric supercapacitors(ASC),employing SiC@Fe_(2)O_(3-x)as the negative electrode and Ni(OH)2as the positive electrode,delivers a 1.5 V operating voltage,an energy density of 197μWh cm^(-2),and 80.6%capacitance retention after 14,000cycles,representing their promise toward the applications in next-generation energy storage materials.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62471303,62071300,22176127,22301181,22406130 and 22476131)Shanghai Sailing Program(Nos.23YF1429000 and 22YF1430400)
文摘The semiconductor gas sensors used for xylene gas detection in real time has been restricted by the inadequate sensitivity and selectivity.Constructing a bilayer cascade sensor with the catalysis-gas sensitivity synergistic is considered as an effective solution.Herein,the Ag@CeO_(2)nanosheets are synthesized by heat treating the Ag@Ce-MOF,which synthesized via solvothermal method.The morphological evolution of cerium metalorganic framework(Ce-MOF),regulated by Ag ions,is investigated,and the transformation mechanism is proposed.The bilayer sensors were constructed by using WO_(3)nanofibers,prepared via the electrospinning method,as the sensitive layer and the Ag@CeO_(2)nanosheets as the catalytic layer,respectively.The bilayer sensors exhibit remarkable performance in response to xylene.The response value(R_(a)/R_(g))of WO_(3)/Ag@CeO_(2)sensor to10 ppm xylene gas reaches 32.13 at the operating temperature of 160℃.Additionally,the sensor displays an exceptional response to even trace amounts of xylene,as low as parts per billion(ppb).The catalysis-gas sensitivity synergistic mechanism was elucidated by capturing catalytic intermediates using online mass spectrometry.These findings provide a novel strategy for benzene series(BTEX)sensor and offer a novel approach to prepare twodimensional Ce-MOF and its derived materials with tailored properties.
文摘1 Introduction Major and profound changes have taken place in China over the past 30 years. An epidemic of cardiovascular diseases （CVD） in China is emerging as a result of lifestyle changes, urbanization, and the accelerated process of aging. The incidence of CVD is continuously increasing and will remain an upward trend in the next decade. Since 2005,
基金Projects(51774254,51774253,51701187,U1610123,51674226,51574207,51574206)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(MC2016-06)supported by the Science and Technology Major Project of Shanxi Province,ChinaProject(201601D021062)supported by Shanxi Province Science Foundation for Youths,China
文摘The effects of Zn addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg.10Gd.3Y.0.6Zr(wt.%)alloys in the as-cast,solution-treated,and peak-aged conditions were investigated.Experimental results reveal that the microstructure of the as-cast alloy without Zn consists ofα-Mg and Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5)phases,and the alloy with 0.5 wt.%Zn consists ofα-Mg,(Mg,Zn)_(3)(Gd,Y)and Mg_(24)(Gd,Y,Zn)_(5)phases.With the addition of Zn increasing to 1 wt.%,the Mg_(24)(Gd,Y,Zn)_(5)phase disappears and some needle-like stacking faults distribute along the grain boundaries.Moreover,the 18R long-period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase is observed in the as-cast alloy with 2 wt.%Zn.After solution treatment,the Mg24(Gd,Y)_(5)and Mg_(24)(Gd,Y,Zn)_(5)eutectic phases are completely dissolved,and the(Mg,Zn)_(3)(Gd,Y)phase,needle-like stacking faults and 18R LPSO phase all transform into 14H LPSO phase.Both the suitable volume fraction of 14H LPSO phases and the fine ellipsoidal-shapedβ′phases make the peak-aged alloy with 0.5 wt.%Zn exhibit excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and the UTS,YS and elongation are 338 MPa,201 MPa and 6.8%,respectively.
文摘1 Introduction Rapid socioeconomic progress has greatly affected the lifestyle in China.Consequently,owing to lifestyle changes,urbanization,and accelerated population aging,the risk of cardiovascular diseases(CVD)has increased.The incidence of CVD has been increasing continuously and this upward trend is projected to continue in the next decade.The growing burden of CVD has become a major public health issue.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51474156 and U1660201)the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Energy Research Program of China(No.2015GB119001)for their grants and financial supports
文摘A 1040°C-hot-deformed Ti_2AlNb-based alloy solution-treated at 950°C and aged at different temperatures was quantitatively investigated. The microstructure, size of the phase, and microhardness of the deformed alloys were measured. The results indicated that the microstructure of the deformed Ti_2AlNb-based alloy specimens comprise coarse O lath, fine O lath, equiaxed O/α_2, and acicular O phase. More O phase was generated in the deformed alloy after heat treatment because the acicular O phase was more likely to nucleate and grow along the deformation-induced crystal defects such as dislocations and subgrain boundaries. After deformation and subsequent heat treatment, the acicular O phase of the resultant alloy became finer compared to that of the undeformed alloy, and the acicular O phase became coarser and longer with the elevated aging temperature, while the width of the O lath exhibited unobvious variations. The hot deformation facilitated the dissolution of the O lath but accelerated the precipitation of the acicular O phase. When the 950°C-solution-treated deformed Ti_2AlNb-based alloy was then aged at 750°C for different periods, the phase content was nearly invariable, O and B2 phases eventually reached equilibrium, and the microstructure became stable and homogeneous.
基金financially supported by the China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists(No.51325401)the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)Program Special Project(No.2014GB125006)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51104107)the Major State Basic Research Development Program(No.2014CB046805)
文摘Tempering is an important process for T/P92 ferritic heat-resistant steel from the viewpoint of microstructure control, as it facili- tates the formation of final tempered martensite under serving conditions. In this study, we have gained deeper insights on the mechanism underlying the microstructural evolution during tempering treatment, including the precipitation of carbides and the coarsening of martensite laths, as systematically analyzed by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron mi- croscopy. The chemical composition of the precipitates was analyzed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results indicate the for- mation of M3C （cementite） precipitates under normalized conditions. However, they tend to dissolve within a short time of tempering, owing to their low thermal stability. This phenomenon was substantiated by X-ray diffraction analysis. Besides, we could observe the precipitation of fine carbonitrides （MX） along the dislocations. The mechanism of carbon diffusion controlled growth of M23C6 can be expressed by the Zener＇s equation. The movement of Y-junctions was determined to be the fundamental mechanism underlying the martensite lath coarsening process. Vickers hardness was estimated to determine their mechanical properties. Based on the comprehensive analysis of both the micro- structural evolution and hardness variation, the process of tempering can be separated into three steps.
基金Projects(2015GB107003,2015GB119001)supported by the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)Program,ChinaProjects(51474155,11672200,51674175)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Effects of heat treatment processing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V-10Nb alloy were investigated. The microstructures were investigated by SEM, TEM and XRD, and the mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile tests at room and elevated temperatures. The results indicate that the lath-like and globular primary α phase, secondary α phase and β phase are obtained after forging and heat treatment processing. The size of secondary α phase is much smaller than that of primary α phase. After heat treatment, the volume fraction of primary α phase is decreased, and that of secondary α phase is increased. With the increase of solution temperature, the volume fraction of primary α phase is gradually decreased, and that of secondary α phase is obviously increased. The yield strength and tensile strength of Ti-6Al-4V-10Nb alloy are significantly enhanced with the solution temperature increasing.
