Peanuts(Arachis hypogaea) are important sources of vegetable oil,protein,and forage.The genus Arachis comprises nine intrageneric taxonomic sections encompassing 84 species.Most Arachis species are wild plants that se...Peanuts(Arachis hypogaea) are important sources of vegetable oil,protein,and forage.The genus Arachis comprises nine intrageneric taxonomic sections encompassing 84 species.Most Arachis species are wild plants that serve widely as forage and turfgrass.Furthermore,wild Arachis species provide valuable gene resources for broadening the genetic diversity of cultivated peanuts.To date,several key genes have been identified through the use of recombinant inbred lines derived from interspecific crosses within Arachis.Despite this progress,the application of genetic engineering to enhance peanut traits remains limited.This limitation arises primarily from the absence of a robust and reliable genetic transformation protocol for Arachis species.Nevertheless,evidence indicates that successful genetic transformation of Arachis plants was first reported approximately 30 years ago.Thus,a notable discrepancy exists between early reports of transformation success and the ongoing challenges in stably transferring candidate genes into Arachis genotypes.This review summarizes existing methods for regeneration and genetic transformation in Arachis,aiming to advance understanding of transgenic technologies applicable to this genus.展开更多
In the version of the article initially published,in Figure 6,the image of the kidney from mice treated with the CD31-PILs-AUF1 group was inadvertently used.The updated images were listed below.The authors declared th...In the version of the article initially published,in Figure 6,the image of the kidney from mice treated with the CD31-PILs-AUF1 group was inadvertently used.The updated images were listed below.The authors declared that this error does not change any of the descriptions or conclusions in the article.展开更多
The effects of Zn/Mg ratios on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys aged at 150℃have been investigated by using tensile tests,optical metallography,scanning electron microscopy,transmission ...The effects of Zn/Mg ratios on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys aged at 150℃have been investigated by using tensile tests,optical metallography,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography analyses.With increasing Zn/Mg ratios,the ageing process is significantly accelerated and the time to peak ageing is reduced.T’phase predominates in alloys of lower Zn/Mg ratios whileη’phase predominates in alloys with a Zn/Mg ratio over 2.86.Co-existence of T’phase andη’phase with a large number density is beneficial to the high strength of alloys.Such precipitates together with narrow precipitate free zones cause a brittle intergranular fracture.A strength model has been established to predict the co-strengthening effect of T’phase andη’phase in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys,including the factors of the grain boundary,solid solution and precipitation.展开更多
Experimental results about concrete under sulfate attack are summarized, which include the variation of mass density of samples and velocity of ultrasonic wave propagating in samples. The evolution damage is analyzed ...Experimental results about concrete under sulfate attack are summarized, which include the variation of mass density of samples and velocity of ultrasonic wave propagating in samples. The evolution damage is analyzed in terms of the experimental results, and close attention is paid to the effect of damage evolution on Poisson＇s ratio. This study shows that Poisson＇s ratio is significantly affected by the concentration of solution and water-cement ratio. Poisson＇s ratio of concrete changes very little when the water-cement ratio is selected as 0.6 or 0.8, so that such change may be neglected. If water-cement is 0.4, however, the Poisson＇s ratio of the sample significantly changes. When the concrete sample of 0.4 water-cement ratio is immersed in sodium sulfate solution of 8% concentration for 285 days, Poisson＇s ratio increase 10.14% compared with its initial value. There exist a sensitive region and a non-sensitive region for the change rate of Poisson＇s ratio with respect to corrosion time. The change rate of Poisson＇s ratio monotonously decreases with corrosion time in the sensitive region; in the non-sensitive region, the change rate of Poisson＇s ratio is almost equal to zero.展开更多
Background:Flammulina velutipes stem waste(FVS)is the by-product of mushroom industry.The objectives of this study were to determine the available energy and amino acid digestibility of FVS fed to pigs,and to evaluate...Background:Flammulina velutipes stem waste(FVS)is the by-product of mushroom industry.The objectives of this study were to determine the available energy and amino acid digestibility of FVS fed to pigs,and to evaluate the effects of dietary FVS inclusion on growth performance,biochemical profile of serum,fecal short chain fatty acid(SCFA)concentration,carcass traits,meat quality,intestinal morphology and microflora of pigs.In Exp.1,twelve crossbred barrows with initial body weight(IBW)of 37.48±4.31 kg were randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments,including a corn basal diet and an experimental diet containing 24.35%FVS.In Exp.2,twelve barrows fitted with an ileal T-cannula(IBW:32.56±1.67 kg)were randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments,which included a N-free diet and an experimental diet containing 40.0%FVS.In Exp.3,ninety growing pigs(IBW:63.98±6.89 kg)were allotted to 1 of 3 treatment diets for 63 d,including a basal diet and 2 experimental diets with 2.5%and 5%FVS,respectively.Results:The digestible energy(DE)and metabolizable energy(ME)of FVS were 4.58 and 4.06 MJ/kg on dry matter basis,respectively,and the standardized ileal digestibility(SID)of indispensable AAs ranged from 17.50%to 59.47%.Pigs fed diets with 2.5%FVS showed no difference on average daily gain(ADG)and gain to feed ratio(G/F).Although dietary 5%FVS inclusion impaired apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of organic matter and gross energy,it elevated the SCFA concentration(P≤0.04)in gut and antioxidant capacity in serum.In addition,dietary FVS inclusion depressed the backfat thickness(P=0.03)in pigs.The longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs fed FVS revealed higher n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration and optimized fatty acid composition.Dietary 2.5%FVS inclusion also improved the intestinal development and health by increasing the villius height to crypt depth ratio(V/C)in jejunum(P<0.01),and promoting microbial diversity and beneficial microbiota proliferation.Conclusions:It is feasible to include moderate content of FVS as an unconventional fiber ingredient in diet of growingfinishing pigs.展开更多
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main reasons of tumor-related deaths worldwide.At present,the main treatment is surgery,but the results are unsatisfactory,and the prognosis is poor.The majority of patients die d...Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main reasons of tumor-related deaths worldwide.At present,the main treatment is surgery,but the results are unsatisfactory,and the prognosis is poor.The majority of patients die due to liver or lung metastasis or recurrence.In recent years,great progress has been made in the field of tumor gene therapy,providing a new treatment for combating CRC.As oncolytic viruses selectively replicate almost exclusively in the cytoplasm of tumor cells and do not require integration into the host genome,they are safer,more effective and more attractive as oncolytic agents.Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a natural RNA oncolytic virus.After NDV selectively infects tumor cells,the immune response induced by NDV’s envelope protein and intracellular factors can effectively kill the tumor without affecting normal cells.Reverse genetic techniques make NDV a vector for gene therapy.Arming the virus by inserting various exogenous genes or using NDV in combination with immunotherapy can also improve the anti-CRC capacity of NDV,and good results have been achieved in animal models and clinical treatment trials.This article reviews the molecular biological characteristics and oncolytic mechanism of NDV and discusses in vitro and in vivo experiments on NDV anti-CRC capacity and clinical treatment.In conclusion,NDV is an excellent candidate for cancer treatment,but more preclinical studies and clinical trials are needed to ensure its safety and efficacy.展开更多
AIM: To detect the pathogenetic mutations responsible for nonsyndromic autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa(RP) in 2 nonconsanguineous Chinese families. METHODS: The clinical data, including detailed medical histo...AIM: To detect the pathogenetic mutations responsible for nonsyndromic autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa(RP) in 2 nonconsanguineous Chinese families. METHODS: The clinical data, including detailed medical history, best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), slit-lamp biomicroscope examination, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, static perimetry, and full field electroretinogram, were collected from the members of 2 nonconsanguineous Chinese families preliminarily diagnosed with RP. Genomic DNA was extracted from the probands and other available family members;wholeexome sequencing was conducted with the DNA samples provided by the probands, and all mutations detected by whole-exome sequencing were verified using Sanger sequencing in the probands and the other available family members. The verified novel mutations were further sequenced in 192 ethnicity matched healthy controls.RESULTS: The patients from the 2 families exhibited the typical symptoms of RP, including night blindness and progressive constriction of the visual field, and the fundus examinations showed attenuated retinal arterioles, peripheral bone spicule pigment deposits, and waxy optic discs. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel nonsense mutation in FAM161 A(c.943 A>T, p.Lys315*) and compound heterozygous mutations in RP1 L1(c.56 C>A, p.Pro19 His;c.5470 C>T, p.Gln1824*). The nonsense c.5470 C>T, p.Gln1824* mutation was novel. All mutations were verified by Sanger sequencing. The mutation p.Lys315* in FAM161A co-segregated with the phenotype, and all the nonsense mutations were absent from the ethnicity matched healthy controls and all available databases.CONCLUSION: We identify 2 novel mutations in genes responsible for autosomal recessive RP, and the mutation in FAM161A is reported for the first time in a Chinese population. Our result not only enriches the knowledge of the mutation frequency and spectrum in the genes responsible for nonsyndromic RP but also provides a new target for future gene therapy.展开更多
Effect of uniaxial compression on the nucleation of micro-damage in cement mortar under sulfate attack is investigated. Shape and size of micro-voids in cement mortar is detected using Micro Computed Tomography techni...Effect of uniaxial compression on the nucleation of micro-damage in cement mortar under sulfate attack is investigated. Shape and size of micro-voids in cement mortar is detected using Micro Computed Tomography techniques. The formation of delayed ettringite crystal is analyzed using scanning electron microscope and energy disperse spectrum methods. Deformation of micro-voids and the distribution of stress at the surface of a micro-void are calculated. It is found that the nucleation of micro-cracks is caused by the tensile stress at the voids＇ surface, and such damage nucleation will be speeded up by the remote uniaxial compressive load.展开更多
The film cooling effectiveness of two turbine blades at different turbulence intensities(0.62%and 16.00%)and mass flux ratios(2.91%,5.82%,8.73%and 11.63%)is studied by using the Pressure-Sensitive Paint(PSP)measuremen...The film cooling effectiveness of two turbine blades at different turbulence intensities(0.62%and 16.00%)and mass flux ratios(2.91%,5.82%,8.73%and 11.63%)is studied by using the Pressure-Sensitive Paint(PSP)measurement technique.There are a baseline and an improved turbine blade in current work,and their film cooling hole position distribution is the same.But the hole shape on suction surface and pressure surface is changed from cylindrical hole(baseline)to laid-back fan-shaped hole(improved blade).Both blades have 5 rows of cylindrical holes at the leading edge and 4 rows of cooling-holes on the suction surface and the pressure surface.The experimental results show that the film cooling effectiveness of the improved blade is much better than the baseline.The increase in turbulence intensity will reduce the cooling effectiveness on the surface of turbine blade,but the effect of turbulence intensity becomes weaker with an increase in the mass flux ratio.Compared with the multiple rows of cylindrical holes,the cooling effectiveness of shaped holes is more influenced by the turbulence intensity at low mass flux ratio.展开更多
Two traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs),namely WangshiBaochiwan and Panax Notoginseng Saponins(notoginsenoside),were chosen to study their effects on gut microbiota.Both of them have a long history of application in C...Two traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs),namely WangshiBaochiwan and Panax Notoginseng Saponins(notoginsenoside),were chosen to study their effects on gut microbiota.Both of them have a long history of application in China.During a test of 28 d,different doses of the medicines were administered to male Wistar rats daily.At the end of the administration,fresh fecal samples were collected and subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing to determine the profiles of gut microbiota.In relative to the controls,effects on gut microbiota were evaluated with medicine-treated rats.Consistent with its unique bidirectional effects on constipation and diarrhea,treatment of WangshiBaochiwan led to a balanced regulation of Lactobacillus and Bacteroides.The treatment also led to increased populations of Ruminiclostridium_9 and Eubacterium_ventriosum that are the major producer of short-chain fatty acid(SCFA),and decreased populations of genus Jeotgalicoccus and Bilophila that are associated with inflammation.These changes therefore resulted in a much healthier microbiota environment in WangshiBaochiwan-treated rates.For the treatment of notoginsenoside,effects were found with Enterobacteriaceae species that is associated with Parkinson's disease,Christensenellaceae family that is associated with aging,and hypertension-associated Rikenellaceae,Christensenellaceae,Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroidaceae species.In agreement with its major indications,the treatment further led to increased populations of SCFA-producing bacteria,such as Elusimicrobium,Anaerotruncus,Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group,and Intestinimonas.Taken together,treatment of the two TCMs led to active and distinguishable regulations of gut microbiota.Impressively,these changes were in agreement with their clinical efficacy,and suggested that they were involved in the treatment of these diseases.展开更多
AIM： To explore the effect of the posterior astigmatism on total corneal astigmatism and evaluate the error caused by substituting the corneal astigmatism of the simulated keratometriy （simulated K） for the total c...AIM： To explore the effect of the posterior astigmatism on total corneal astigmatism and evaluate the error caused by substituting the corneal astigmatism of the simulated keratometriy （simulated K） for the total corneal astigmatism in age-related cataract patients. METHODS： A total of 211 eyes with age-related cataract from 164 patients （mean age： 66.8±9.0y, range： 45-83y） were examined using a multi-colored spot reflection topographer, and the total corneal astigmatism was measured. The power vector components J0 and J45 were analyzed. Correlations between the magnitude difference of the simulated K and total cornea astigmatism （magnitude differenceSimK-Tca）, anterior J0, and absolute meridian difference （AMD） between the anterior and posterior astigmatisms were calculated. To compare the astigmatism of the simulated K and total cornea both in magnitude and axial orientation, we drew double-angle plots and calculated the vector difference between the two measures using vector analysis. A corrective regression formula was used to adjust the magnitude of the simulated K astigmatism to approach that of the total cornea. RESULTS： The magnitude differenceSimK-Tca was positively correlated with the anterior corneal J0 （Spearman’s rho= 0.539; P〈0.001） and negatively correlated with the AMDR （Spearman’s rho=-0.875, P〈0.001）. When the anterior J0 value was larger than 1.3 D or smaller than -0.8 D, the errors caused by determining the total corneal astigmatism with the karatometric calculation tended to be greater than 0.25 D. An underestimation by 16% was observed for against the rule （ATR） astigmatism and an overestimation by 9% was observed for with the rule （WTR） astigmatism when ignoring the posterior measurements. CONCLUSION： Posterior corneal astigmatism should be valued for more precise corneal astigmatism management, especially for higher ATR astigmatism of the anterior corneal surface. We suggest a 9% reduction in the magnitude of the simulated K in eyes with WTR astigmatism, and a 16% addition of the magnitude of the simulated K in eyes with ATR astigmatism.展开更多
Sialon ceramics were prepared by the nitridation of Si,Al and Al2O3 powders with the transition metals(Fe Co,Ni)catalysts.The phase composition,microstructure and mechanical properties of specimens were studied Compar...Sialon ceramics were prepared by the nitridation of Si,Al and Al2O3 powders with the transition metals(Fe Co,Ni)catalysts.The phase composition,microstructure and mechanical properties of specimens were studied Compared with the catalyst-free specimen,the addition of Fe,Co and Ni greatly promoted the nitridation process of Sialon ceramics and improved the weight gain rate and mechanical properties of specimens.With the increased content of catalysts,the apparent porosity of the products decreased first and then increased,contrary to flexural strength and compressive strength.The specimen with 2.5 wt%Fe had the highest flexural strength 145.8 MPa and it exhibited the highest compressive strength of 594.6 MPa when Co content was 2.5 wt%,whereas they were 71.9 and 78.7 MPa,respectively,when without catalyst.展开更多
Concrete experiences expansive deformation during sulfate attack due to internal expansive stress. Sulfate ions enter concrete pores, react with the pore solution, and produce ettringite. The production of ettringite ...Concrete experiences expansive deformation during sulfate attack due to internal expansive stress. Sulfate ions enter concrete pores, react with the pore solution, and produce ettringite. The production of ettringite explains the internal expansive stress that reduces the durability of concrete. In this study, the model of internal expansive stress was achieved through the Eshelby＇s theory, as well as the experimental results for concrete erosion. Numerical simulation indicated that internal expansive stress is not only determined by the water-to-cement ratio of concrete and the concentration of sulfate solution, but also affected by the relaxation time of concrete.展开更多
The aim of this study was to find out the effects of exogenous phenolic acids on soil microbes and enzymes in rhizosphere soil of adzuki bean. In the pot experiment of adzuki bean, phthalic and cinnamic acids were add...The aim of this study was to find out the effects of exogenous phenolic acids on soil microbes and enzymes in rhizosphere soil of adzuki bean. In the pot experiment of adzuki bean, phthalic and cinnamic acids were added at four concentrations, 0 （control）, 0.1, 1 and 10 mmol/L, to investigate the changes in the mi- croflora and enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil of adzuki bean as well as relations between them. The results showed that both phthalic and cinnamic acids could inhibit the activities of soil enzymes, including catalase, sucrase, phosphatase and urease. Higher concentrations （10 mmol/L） of phthalic and cinnamic acids showed more significant effects. In addition, the application of phthalic and cinnamic acids reduced the populations of bacteria and actinomycetes and significantly increased the population of fungi. Correlations analysis showed that phosphatase activity had an extremely significant positive correlation with bacterial population, a significant positive correlation with actinomycete population, and a significant negative correlation with fungal population. Phthalic and cinnamic acids could result in imbalanced microbe compositions, reduce enzyme activities and present evident allelopathy in rhizosphere soil.展开更多
Photocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)into solar fuels provides a bright route for the green and sustainable development of human society.However,the realization of efficient photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2...Photocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)into solar fuels provides a bright route for the green and sustainable development of human society.However,the realization of efficient photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)is still challenging owing to the sluggish kinetics or unfavorable thermodynamics for basic chemical processes of CO_(2)RR,such as adsorption,activation,conversion and product desorption.To overcome these shortcomings,recent works have demonstrated that surface engineering of semiconductors,such as introducing surface vacancy,surface doping,and cocatalyst loading,serves as effective or promising strategies for improved photocatalytic CO_(2)RR with high activity and selectivity.The essential reason lies in the activation and reaction pathways can be optimized and regulated through the reconstruction of surface atomic and electronic structures.Herein,in this review,we focus on recent research advances about rational design of semiconductor surface for photocatalytic CO_(2)RR.The surface engineering strategies for improved CO_(2)adsorption,activation,and product selectivity will be reviewed.In addition,theoretical calculations along with in situ characterization techniques will be in the spotlight to clarify the kinetics and thermodynamics of the reaction process.The aim of this review is to provide deep understanding and rational guidance on the design of semiconductors for photocatalytic CO_(2)RR.展开更多
Objective:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a major public health problem worldwide.However,the regulatory mechanisms underlying HBV replication remain unclear.Cullin 4 B-RING ubiquitin E3 ligase(CRL4 B)is involved i...Objective:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a major public health problem worldwide.However,the regulatory mechanisms underlying HBV replication remain unclear.Cullin 4 B-RING ubiquitin E3 ligase(CRL4 B)is involved in regulating diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes.In our study,we aimed to explain the role of CUL4 B in HBV infection.Methods:Cul4 b transgenic mice or conditional knockout mice,as well as liver cell lines with CUL4 B overexpression or knockdown,were used to assess the role of CUL4 B in HBV replication.Immunoprecipitation assays and immunofluorescence staining were performed to study the interaction between CUL4 B and HBx.Cycloheximide chase assays and in vivo ubiquitination assays were performed to evaluate the half-life and the ubiquitination status of HBx.Results:The hydrodynamics-based hepatitis B model in Cul4 b transgenic or conditional knockout mice indicated that CUL4 B promoted HBV replication(P<0.05).Moreover,the overexpression or knockdown system in human liver cell lines validated that CUL4 B increased HBV replication in an HBx-dependent manner.Importantly,immunoprecipitation assays and immunofluorescence staining showed an interaction between CUL4 B and HBx.Furthermore,CUL4 B upregulated HBx protein levels by inhibiting HBx ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation(P<0.05).Finally,a positive correlation between CUL4 B expression and HBV pg RNA level was observed in liver tissues from HBV-positive patients and HBV transgenic mice.Conclusions:CUL4 B enhances HBV replication by interacting with HBx and disrupting its ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation.CUL4 B may therefore be a potential target for anti-HBV therapy.展开更多
Methane chemistry is one of the“Holy Grails of catalysis”.It is highly desirable but challenge to transform methane into value-added chemicals,because of its high C-H bonding energy(435 kJ/mol),lack ofπbonding or u...Methane chemistry is one of the“Holy Grails of catalysis”.It is highly desirable but challenge to transform methane into value-added chemicals,because of its high C-H bonding energy(435 kJ/mol),lack ofπbonding or unpaired electrons.Currently,commercial methane conversion is usually carried out in harsh conditions with enormous energy input.Photocatalytic partial oxidation of methane to liquid oxygenates(PPOMO)is a future-oriented technology towards realizing high efficiency and high selectivity under mild conditions.The selection of oxidant is crucial to the PPOMO performance.Hence,attentions are paid to the research progress of PPOMO with various oxidants(O_(2),H_(2)O,H_(2)O_(2)and other oxidants).Moreover,the activation of the selected oxidants is also highly emphasized.Meanwhile,we summarized the methane activation mechanisms focusing on the C-H bond that was broken mainly by·OH radical,O-specie or photogenerated hole(h+).Finally,the challenges and prospects in this subject are briefly discussed.展开更多
AIM: To study the potential reasons of increased straylight in pseudophakic eyes. METHODS: Cross -sectional study. Seventy patients diagnosed as bilateral age-related cataract and implanted with Tecnis ZA9003, Sensar ...AIM: To study the potential reasons of increased straylight in pseudophakic eyes. METHODS: Cross -sectional study. Seventy patients diagnosed as bilateral age-related cataract and implanted with Tecnis ZA9003, Sensar AR40e, SA6OAT, XLSTABI ZO or Akeros AO intraocular lens (IOL) were enrolled in this research. Straylight was measured by a C -Quant straylight meter three to four weeks postoperatively. Five different modalities of IOL, including spherical/aspherical optics and hydrophobic/hydrophilic material were tested in this study. Normal as well as dilated pupils were used. The main outcome variable for straylight measurement was the logarithmic straylight parameter, log(s). RESULTS: The straylight parameter increased significantly after pupil dilation (P<0.05). Straylight of aspherical IOL was significantly higher after pupil dilation (P<0.06) compared to spherical IOL. In normal pupil, straylight of hydrophobic IOL was significant higher when compared with hydrophilic IOL (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Straylight and visual acuity stand for the different aspects of visual function. Several factors including pupil diameter, optic material, aspherical design of IOL influence intraocular light scattering in pseudophakic eyes. Further investigation was needed to study the impact of optic material and optic surface design on pseudophakic straylight.展开更多
AIM:To assess the refractive outcome of clear lensectomy combined with piggyback intraocular lens implantation in highly hyperopic patients.METHODS:This case review included 19 eyes of 10 patients with high hyperopia ...AIM:To assess the refractive outcome of clear lensectomy combined with piggyback intraocular lens implantation in highly hyperopic patients.METHODS:This case review included 19 eyes of 10 patients with high hyperopia and axial length less than 21mm.Intraocular lens power was calculated for emmetropia using the Holladay II formula in 17 eyes,and SRK/T formula in 2 eyes following clear lens extraction and piggyback intraocular lens implantation.Patients were examined periodically over 24 months for visual acuity and spherical equivalent(SE).RESULTS:The mean postoperative SE at 24 months was 0.20±1.39D(range,-3.00 to 2.50D),better than preoperative 9.81±2.62D(range,+6.00 to +14.50D)(P【0.001).Five eyes had SE within±0.5D of emmetropia and 11 eyes within±1.00D at postoperative 24 months.The mean postoperative uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA) at 24 months was 0.60±0.36,significantly improved compared to preoperative 1.39±0.33(P【0.001).The mean best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) at 24 months was 0.49±0.35,not statistically different compared to preoperative 0.38±0.30(P=0.34).Twelve eyes maintained and 1 gained 1 or more Snellen line of BCVA,4 eyes lost 1 line,and 2 eyes lost 2 lines at 24 postoperative months.Twelve eyes best-corrected near visual acuity (BCNVA) achieved J1 at postoperative 24 months compared to preoperative 7 eyes and the other 7 eyes better than J3.CONCLUSION:Clearlensextractioncombinedpiggyback intraocular lens implantation appears to be an effective procedure to correct high hyperopia but mild overcorrection and intralenticular opacification may require secondary procedure.展开更多
基金funded by the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China (2024LZGC035)the Start-up Foundation for High Talents of Qingdao Agricultural University,China (665/1120012)。
文摘Peanuts(Arachis hypogaea) are important sources of vegetable oil,protein,and forage.The genus Arachis comprises nine intrageneric taxonomic sections encompassing 84 species.Most Arachis species are wild plants that serve widely as forage and turfgrass.Furthermore,wild Arachis species provide valuable gene resources for broadening the genetic diversity of cultivated peanuts.To date,several key genes have been identified through the use of recombinant inbred lines derived from interspecific crosses within Arachis.Despite this progress,the application of genetic engineering to enhance peanut traits remains limited.This limitation arises primarily from the absence of a robust and reliable genetic transformation protocol for Arachis species.Nevertheless,evidence indicates that successful genetic transformation of Arachis plants was first reported approximately 30 years ago.Thus,a notable discrepancy exists between early reports of transformation success and the ongoing challenges in stably transferring candidate genes into Arachis genotypes.This review summarizes existing methods for regeneration and genetic transformation in Arachis,aiming to advance understanding of transgenic technologies applicable to this genus.
文摘In the version of the article initially published,in Figure 6,the image of the kidney from mice treated with the CD31-PILs-AUF1 group was inadvertently used.The updated images were listed below.The authors declared that this error does not change any of the descriptions or conclusions in the article.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51871033)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB0700401)the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials(No.2020-ZD02)。
文摘The effects of Zn/Mg ratios on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys aged at 150℃have been investigated by using tensile tests,optical metallography,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography analyses.With increasing Zn/Mg ratios,the ageing process is significantly accelerated and the time to peak ageing is reduced.T’phase predominates in alloys of lower Zn/Mg ratios whileη’phase predominates in alloys with a Zn/Mg ratio over 2.86.Co-existence of T’phase andη’phase with a large number density is beneficial to the high strength of alloys.Such precipitates together with narrow precipitate free zones cause a brittle intergranular fracture.A strength model has been established to predict the co-strengthening effect of T’phase andη’phase in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys,including the factors of the grain boundary,solid solution and precipitation.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 10932001,51079069 and 10572064)the National Basic Program of China (973 Program,2009CB623203)+1 种基金Ministry of Education of China (20103305110001)K.C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University
文摘Experimental results about concrete under sulfate attack are summarized, which include the variation of mass density of samples and velocity of ultrasonic wave propagating in samples. The evolution damage is analyzed in terms of the experimental results, and close attention is paid to the effect of damage evolution on Poisson＇s ratio. This study shows that Poisson＇s ratio is significantly affected by the concentration of solution and water-cement ratio. Poisson＇s ratio of concrete changes very little when the water-cement ratio is selected as 0.6 or 0.8, so that such change may be neglected. If water-cement is 0.4, however, the Poisson＇s ratio of the sample significantly changes. When the concrete sample of 0.4 water-cement ratio is immersed in sodium sulfate solution of 8% concentration for 285 days, Poisson＇s ratio increase 10.14% compared with its initial value. There exist a sensitive region and a non-sensitive region for the change rate of Poisson＇s ratio with respect to corrosion time. The change rate of Poisson＇s ratio monotonously decreases with corrosion time in the sensitive region; in the non-sensitive region, the change rate of Poisson＇s ratio is almost equal to zero.
基金This research was jointly supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201503137)Program of Creation and Utilization of Germplasm of Mushroom Crop of“111”Project(D17014)+1 种基金National-level International Joint Research Centre(2017B01011)and the Changchun Science and Technology Project(15SS11).
文摘Background:Flammulina velutipes stem waste(FVS)is the by-product of mushroom industry.The objectives of this study were to determine the available energy and amino acid digestibility of FVS fed to pigs,and to evaluate the effects of dietary FVS inclusion on growth performance,biochemical profile of serum,fecal short chain fatty acid(SCFA)concentration,carcass traits,meat quality,intestinal morphology and microflora of pigs.In Exp.1,twelve crossbred barrows with initial body weight(IBW)of 37.48±4.31 kg were randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments,including a corn basal diet and an experimental diet containing 24.35%FVS.In Exp.2,twelve barrows fitted with an ileal T-cannula(IBW:32.56±1.67 kg)were randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments,which included a N-free diet and an experimental diet containing 40.0%FVS.In Exp.3,ninety growing pigs(IBW:63.98±6.89 kg)were allotted to 1 of 3 treatment diets for 63 d,including a basal diet and 2 experimental diets with 2.5%and 5%FVS,respectively.Results:The digestible energy(DE)and metabolizable energy(ME)of FVS were 4.58 and 4.06 MJ/kg on dry matter basis,respectively,and the standardized ileal digestibility(SID)of indispensable AAs ranged from 17.50%to 59.47%.Pigs fed diets with 2.5%FVS showed no difference on average daily gain(ADG)and gain to feed ratio(G/F).Although dietary 5%FVS inclusion impaired apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of organic matter and gross energy,it elevated the SCFA concentration(P≤0.04)in gut and antioxidant capacity in serum.In addition,dietary FVS inclusion depressed the backfat thickness(P=0.03)in pigs.The longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs fed FVS revealed higher n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration and optimized fatty acid composition.Dietary 2.5%FVS inclusion also improved the intestinal development and health by increasing the villius height to crypt depth ratio(V/C)in jejunum(P<0.01),and promoting microbial diversity and beneficial microbiota proliferation.Conclusions:It is feasible to include moderate content of FVS as an unconventional fiber ingredient in diet of growingfinishing pigs.
文摘Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main reasons of tumor-related deaths worldwide.At present,the main treatment is surgery,but the results are unsatisfactory,and the prognosis is poor.The majority of patients die due to liver or lung metastasis or recurrence.In recent years,great progress has been made in the field of tumor gene therapy,providing a new treatment for combating CRC.As oncolytic viruses selectively replicate almost exclusively in the cytoplasm of tumor cells and do not require integration into the host genome,they are safer,more effective and more attractive as oncolytic agents.Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a natural RNA oncolytic virus.After NDV selectively infects tumor cells,the immune response induced by NDV’s envelope protein and intracellular factors can effectively kill the tumor without affecting normal cells.Reverse genetic techniques make NDV a vector for gene therapy.Arming the virus by inserting various exogenous genes or using NDV in combination with immunotherapy can also improve the anti-CRC capacity of NDV,and good results have been achieved in animal models and clinical treatment trials.This article reviews the molecular biological characteristics and oncolytic mechanism of NDV and discusses in vitro and in vivo experiments on NDV anti-CRC capacity and clinical treatment.In conclusion,NDV is an excellent candidate for cancer treatment,but more preclinical studies and clinical trials are needed to ensure its safety and efficacy.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81360154)
文摘AIM: To detect the pathogenetic mutations responsible for nonsyndromic autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa(RP) in 2 nonconsanguineous Chinese families. METHODS: The clinical data, including detailed medical history, best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), slit-lamp biomicroscope examination, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, static perimetry, and full field electroretinogram, were collected from the members of 2 nonconsanguineous Chinese families preliminarily diagnosed with RP. Genomic DNA was extracted from the probands and other available family members;wholeexome sequencing was conducted with the DNA samples provided by the probands, and all mutations detected by whole-exome sequencing were verified using Sanger sequencing in the probands and the other available family members. The verified novel mutations were further sequenced in 192 ethnicity matched healthy controls.RESULTS: The patients from the 2 families exhibited the typical symptoms of RP, including night blindness and progressive constriction of the visual field, and the fundus examinations showed attenuated retinal arterioles, peripheral bone spicule pigment deposits, and waxy optic discs. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel nonsense mutation in FAM161 A(c.943 A>T, p.Lys315*) and compound heterozygous mutations in RP1 L1(c.56 C>A, p.Pro19 His;c.5470 C>T, p.Gln1824*). The nonsense c.5470 C>T, p.Gln1824* mutation was novel. All mutations were verified by Sanger sequencing. The mutation p.Lys315* in FAM161A co-segregated with the phenotype, and all the nonsense mutations were absent from the ethnicity matched healthy controls and all available databases.CONCLUSION: We identify 2 novel mutations in genes responsible for autosomal recessive RP, and the mutation in FAM161A is reported for the first time in a Chinese population. Our result not only enriches the knowledge of the mutation frequency and spectrum in the genes responsible for nonsyndromic RP but also provides a new target for future gene therapy.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 10932001,51079069,10972109,and 10802039)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program,No. 2009CB623203)+1 种基金the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China (No. 20103305110001)K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University
文摘Effect of uniaxial compression on the nucleation of micro-damage in cement mortar under sulfate attack is investigated. Shape and size of micro-voids in cement mortar is detected using Micro Computed Tomography techniques. The formation of delayed ettringite crystal is analyzed using scanning electron microscope and energy disperse spectrum methods. Deformation of micro-voids and the distribution of stress at the surface of a micro-void are calculated. It is found that the nucleation of micro-cracks is caused by the tensile stress at the voids＇ surface, and such damage nucleation will be speeded up by the remote uniaxial compressive load.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51936008)the Shaanxi Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2021JC-11)+1 种基金the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2017-III-0003-0027)Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University(CX2021074)。
文摘The film cooling effectiveness of two turbine blades at different turbulence intensities(0.62%and 16.00%)and mass flux ratios(2.91%,5.82%,8.73%and 11.63%)is studied by using the Pressure-Sensitive Paint(PSP)measurement technique.There are a baseline and an improved turbine blade in current work,and their film cooling hole position distribution is the same.But the hole shape on suction surface and pressure surface is changed from cylindrical hole(baseline)to laid-back fan-shaped hole(improved blade).Both blades have 5 rows of cylindrical holes at the leading edge and 4 rows of cooling-holes on the suction surface and the pressure surface.The experimental results show that the film cooling effectiveness of the improved blade is much better than the baseline.The increase in turbulence intensity will reduce the cooling effectiveness on the surface of turbine blade,but the effect of turbulence intensity becomes weaker with an increase in the mass flux ratio.Compared with the multiple rows of cylindrical holes,the cooling effectiveness of shaped holes is more influenced by the turbulence intensity at low mass flux ratio.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31571403)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2171001).
文摘Two traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs),namely WangshiBaochiwan and Panax Notoginseng Saponins(notoginsenoside),were chosen to study their effects on gut microbiota.Both of them have a long history of application in China.During a test of 28 d,different doses of the medicines were administered to male Wistar rats daily.At the end of the administration,fresh fecal samples were collected and subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing to determine the profiles of gut microbiota.In relative to the controls,effects on gut microbiota were evaluated with medicine-treated rats.Consistent with its unique bidirectional effects on constipation and diarrhea,treatment of WangshiBaochiwan led to a balanced regulation of Lactobacillus and Bacteroides.The treatment also led to increased populations of Ruminiclostridium_9 and Eubacterium_ventriosum that are the major producer of short-chain fatty acid(SCFA),and decreased populations of genus Jeotgalicoccus and Bilophila that are associated with inflammation.These changes therefore resulted in a much healthier microbiota environment in WangshiBaochiwan-treated rates.For the treatment of notoginsenoside,effects were found with Enterobacteriaceae species that is associated with Parkinson's disease,Christensenellaceae family that is associated with aging,and hypertension-associated Rikenellaceae,Christensenellaceae,Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroidaceae species.In agreement with its major indications,the treatment further led to increased populations of SCFA-producing bacteria,such as Elusimicrobium,Anaerotruncus,Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group,and Intestinimonas.Taken together,treatment of the two TCMs led to active and distinguishable regulations of gut microbiota.Impressively,these changes were in agreement with their clinical efficacy,and suggested that they were involved in the treatment of these diseases.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81670837)the Scientific and Technological Project of Tianjin Health Bureau(No.2015KY38)
文摘AIM： To explore the effect of the posterior astigmatism on total corneal astigmatism and evaluate the error caused by substituting the corneal astigmatism of the simulated keratometriy （simulated K） for the total corneal astigmatism in age-related cataract patients. METHODS： A total of 211 eyes with age-related cataract from 164 patients （mean age： 66.8±9.0y, range： 45-83y） were examined using a multi-colored spot reflection topographer, and the total corneal astigmatism was measured. The power vector components J0 and J45 were analyzed. Correlations between the magnitude difference of the simulated K and total cornea astigmatism （magnitude differenceSimK-Tca）, anterior J0, and absolute meridian difference （AMD） between the anterior and posterior astigmatisms were calculated. To compare the astigmatism of the simulated K and total cornea both in magnitude and axial orientation, we drew double-angle plots and calculated the vector difference between the two measures using vector analysis. A corrective regression formula was used to adjust the magnitude of the simulated K astigmatism to approach that of the total cornea. RESULTS： The magnitude differenceSimK-Tca was positively correlated with the anterior corneal J0 （Spearman’s rho= 0.539; P〈0.001） and negatively correlated with the AMDR （Spearman’s rho=-0.875, P〈0.001）. When the anterior J0 value was larger than 1.3 D or smaller than -0.8 D, the errors caused by determining the total corneal astigmatism with the karatometric calculation tended to be greater than 0.25 D. An underestimation by 16% was observed for against the rule （ATR） astigmatism and an overestimation by 9% was observed for with the rule （WTR） astigmatism when ignoring the posterior measurements. CONCLUSION： Posterior corneal astigmatism should be valued for more precise corneal astigmatism management, especially for higher ATR astigmatism of the anterior corneal surface. We suggest a 9% reduction in the magnitude of the simulated K in eyes with WTR astigmatism, and a 16% addition of the magnitude of the simulated K in eyes with ATR astigmatism.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51772140 and 51862024)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.20171ACB21033)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Project of the Education Department of Jiangxi Province(No.GJJ170573)the Graduate Innovation Special Fund of Nanchang Hangkong University(No.YC2018-S358)。
文摘Sialon ceramics were prepared by the nitridation of Si,Al and Al2O3 powders with the transition metals(Fe Co,Ni)catalysts.The phase composition,microstructure and mechanical properties of specimens were studied Compared with the catalyst-free specimen,the addition of Fe,Co and Ni greatly promoted the nitridation process of Sialon ceramics and improved the weight gain rate and mechanical properties of specimens.With the increased content of catalysts,the apparent porosity of the products decreased first and then increased,contrary to flexural strength and compressive strength.The specimen with 2.5 wt%Fe had the highest flexural strength 145.8 MPa and it exhibited the highest compressive strength of 594.6 MPa when Co content was 2.5 wt%,whereas they were 71.9 and 78.7 MPa,respectively,when without catalyst.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51079069,11272165 and 51378114)the Key Project of Ningbo City Society Development Funding(No.2013C51007)the K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University
文摘Concrete experiences expansive deformation during sulfate attack due to internal expansive stress. Sulfate ions enter concrete pores, react with the pore solution, and produce ettringite. The production of ettringite explains the internal expansive stress that reduces the durability of concrete. In this study, the model of internal expansive stress was achieved through the Eshelby＇s theory, as well as the experimental results for concrete erosion. Numerical simulation indicated that internal expansive stress is not only determined by the water-to-cement ratio of concrete and the concentration of sulfate solution, but also affected by the relaxation time of concrete.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371529)Science and Technology Development Program of Henan Province(162102110020)~~
文摘The aim of this study was to find out the effects of exogenous phenolic acids on soil microbes and enzymes in rhizosphere soil of adzuki bean. In the pot experiment of adzuki bean, phthalic and cinnamic acids were added at four concentrations, 0 （control）, 0.1, 1 and 10 mmol/L, to investigate the changes in the mi- croflora and enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil of adzuki bean as well as relations between them. The results showed that both phthalic and cinnamic acids could inhibit the activities of soil enzymes, including catalase, sucrase, phosphatase and urease. Higher concentrations （10 mmol/L） of phthalic and cinnamic acids showed more significant effects. In addition, the application of phthalic and cinnamic acids reduced the populations of bacteria and actinomycetes and significantly increased the population of fungi. Correlations analysis showed that phosphatase activity had an extremely significant positive correlation with bacterial population, a significant positive correlation with actinomycete population, and a significant negative correlation with fungal population. Phthalic and cinnamic acids could result in imbalanced microbe compositions, reduce enzyme activities and present evident allelopathy in rhizosphere soil.
基金financially supported by JSPS KAKENHI(JP18H02065)Photo-excitonic Project in Hokkaido University,National Natural Science Foundation of China(21633004,22002060,and 51872138)+4 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20181380)Qing Lan Project,Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province(XCL-029)Priority Academic Program Development of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)the support provided by the China Scholarships Council(202008320109)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M681564)。
文摘Photocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)into solar fuels provides a bright route for the green and sustainable development of human society.However,the realization of efficient photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)is still challenging owing to the sluggish kinetics or unfavorable thermodynamics for basic chemical processes of CO_(2)RR,such as adsorption,activation,conversion and product desorption.To overcome these shortcomings,recent works have demonstrated that surface engineering of semiconductors,such as introducing surface vacancy,surface doping,and cocatalyst loading,serves as effective or promising strategies for improved photocatalytic CO_(2)RR with high activity and selectivity.The essential reason lies in the activation and reaction pathways can be optimized and regulated through the reconstruction of surface atomic and electronic structures.Herein,in this review,we focus on recent research advances about rational design of semiconductor surface for photocatalytic CO_(2)RR.The surface engineering strategies for improved CO_(2)adsorption,activation,and product selectivity will be reviewed.In addition,theoretical calculations along with in situ characterization techniques will be in the spotlight to clarify the kinetics and thermodynamics of the reaction process.The aim of this review is to provide deep understanding and rational guidance on the design of semiconductors for photocatalytic CO_(2)RR.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81970508,81672425,818300178,8197148,81670520,and 31671427)the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2018YFE0126500)+1 种基金the Key Research&Development Plan of Shandong Province(Grant No.2018YFJH0503)support from the Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong。
文摘Objective:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a major public health problem worldwide.However,the regulatory mechanisms underlying HBV replication remain unclear.Cullin 4 B-RING ubiquitin E3 ligase(CRL4 B)is involved in regulating diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes.In our study,we aimed to explain the role of CUL4 B in HBV infection.Methods:Cul4 b transgenic mice or conditional knockout mice,as well as liver cell lines with CUL4 B overexpression or knockdown,were used to assess the role of CUL4 B in HBV replication.Immunoprecipitation assays and immunofluorescence staining were performed to study the interaction between CUL4 B and HBx.Cycloheximide chase assays and in vivo ubiquitination assays were performed to evaluate the half-life and the ubiquitination status of HBx.Results:The hydrodynamics-based hepatitis B model in Cul4 b transgenic or conditional knockout mice indicated that CUL4 B promoted HBV replication(P<0.05).Moreover,the overexpression or knockdown system in human liver cell lines validated that CUL4 B increased HBV replication in an HBx-dependent manner.Importantly,immunoprecipitation assays and immunofluorescence staining showed an interaction between CUL4 B and HBx.Furthermore,CUL4 B upregulated HBx protein levels by inhibiting HBx ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation(P<0.05).Finally,a positive correlation between CUL4 B expression and HBV pg RNA level was observed in liver tissues from HBV-positive patients and HBV transgenic mice.Conclusions:CUL4 B enhances HBV replication by interacting with HBx and disrupting its ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation.CUL4 B may therefore be a potential target for anti-HBV therapy.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1500800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22072106).
文摘Methane chemistry is one of the“Holy Grails of catalysis”.It is highly desirable but challenge to transform methane into value-added chemicals,because of its high C-H bonding energy(435 kJ/mol),lack ofπbonding or unpaired electrons.Currently,commercial methane conversion is usually carried out in harsh conditions with enormous energy input.Photocatalytic partial oxidation of methane to liquid oxygenates(PPOMO)is a future-oriented technology towards realizing high efficiency and high selectivity under mild conditions.The selection of oxidant is crucial to the PPOMO performance.Hence,attentions are paid to the research progress of PPOMO with various oxidants(O_(2),H_(2)O,H_(2)O_(2)and other oxidants).Moreover,the activation of the selected oxidants is also highly emphasized.Meanwhile,we summarized the methane activation mechanisms focusing on the C-H bond that was broken mainly by·OH radical,O-specie or photogenerated hole(h+).Finally,the challenges and prospects in this subject are briefly discussed.
文摘AIM: To study the potential reasons of increased straylight in pseudophakic eyes. METHODS: Cross -sectional study. Seventy patients diagnosed as bilateral age-related cataract and implanted with Tecnis ZA9003, Sensar AR40e, SA6OAT, XLSTABI ZO or Akeros AO intraocular lens (IOL) were enrolled in this research. Straylight was measured by a C -Quant straylight meter three to four weeks postoperatively. Five different modalities of IOL, including spherical/aspherical optics and hydrophobic/hydrophilic material were tested in this study. Normal as well as dilated pupils were used. The main outcome variable for straylight measurement was the logarithmic straylight parameter, log(s). RESULTS: The straylight parameter increased significantly after pupil dilation (P<0.05). Straylight of aspherical IOL was significantly higher after pupil dilation (P<0.06) compared to spherical IOL. In normal pupil, straylight of hydrophobic IOL was significant higher when compared with hydrophilic IOL (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Straylight and visual acuity stand for the different aspects of visual function. Several factors including pupil diameter, optic material, aspherical design of IOL influence intraocular light scattering in pseudophakic eyes. Further investigation was needed to study the impact of optic material and optic surface design on pseudophakic straylight.
文摘AIM:To assess the refractive outcome of clear lensectomy combined with piggyback intraocular lens implantation in highly hyperopic patients.METHODS:This case review included 19 eyes of 10 patients with high hyperopia and axial length less than 21mm.Intraocular lens power was calculated for emmetropia using the Holladay II formula in 17 eyes,and SRK/T formula in 2 eyes following clear lens extraction and piggyback intraocular lens implantation.Patients were examined periodically over 24 months for visual acuity and spherical equivalent(SE).RESULTS:The mean postoperative SE at 24 months was 0.20±1.39D(range,-3.00 to 2.50D),better than preoperative 9.81±2.62D(range,+6.00 to +14.50D)(P【0.001).Five eyes had SE within±0.5D of emmetropia and 11 eyes within±1.00D at postoperative 24 months.The mean postoperative uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA) at 24 months was 0.60±0.36,significantly improved compared to preoperative 1.39±0.33(P【0.001).The mean best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) at 24 months was 0.49±0.35,not statistically different compared to preoperative 0.38±0.30(P=0.34).Twelve eyes maintained and 1 gained 1 or more Snellen line of BCVA,4 eyes lost 1 line,and 2 eyes lost 2 lines at 24 postoperative months.Twelve eyes best-corrected near visual acuity (BCNVA) achieved J1 at postoperative 24 months compared to preoperative 7 eyes and the other 7 eyes better than J3.CONCLUSION:Clearlensextractioncombinedpiggyback intraocular lens implantation appears to be an effective procedure to correct high hyperopia but mild overcorrection and intralenticular opacification may require secondary procedure.
