Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are critical for the rapid growth of electric vehicles(EVs),but their inherent lifespan leads to numerous retirements and resource challenges.The efficacy of conventional recycling technique...Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are critical for the rapid growth of electric vehicles(EVs),but their inherent lifespan leads to numerous retirements and resource challenges.The efficacy of conventional recycling techniques is increasingly compromised by their high energy consumption and secondary pollution,rendering them less responsive to greener and more sustainable requirement of rapid development.Thus,the direct recycling process emerged and was considered as a more expedient and convenient method of recycling compared to the conventional recycling modes that are currently in study.However,due to the reliance on the indispensable sintering process,direct recycling still faces considerable challenges,motivating researchers to explore faster,greener,and more cost-effective strategies for LIBs recycling,Inspiringly,Joule heating recycling(JHR),an emerging technique,offers rapid,efficient impurity removal and material regeneration with minimal environmental impact,addressing limitations of existing methods.This method reduces the time for direct recycling of spent LIBs by a factor of at least three orders of magnitude and exhibits significant potential for future industrial production.Unfortunately,due to the lack of systematic organization and reporting,this next generation approach to direct recycling of spent LIBs has not yet gained much interest.To facilitate a more profound comprehension of rising flash recycling strategy,in this study,JHR is distinguished into two distinctive implementation pathways(including flash Joule heating and carbon thermal shock),designed to accommodate varying pretreatment stages and diverse spent LIBs materials.Subsequently,the advantages of the recently developed JHR of spent LIBs in terms of material performance,environmental friendliness,and economic viability are discussed in detail.Ultimately,with the goal of achieving more attractive society effects,the future direction of JHR of spent LIBs and its potential for practical application are proposed and envisaged.展开更多
It is evident that complex optimization problems are becoming increasingly prominent,metaheuristic algorithms have demonstrated unique advantages in solving high-dimensional,nonlinear problems.However,the traditional ...It is evident that complex optimization problems are becoming increasingly prominent,metaheuristic algorithms have demonstrated unique advantages in solving high-dimensional,nonlinear problems.However,the traditional Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA)suffers from limited global search capability,insufficient population diversity,and slow convergence,which often leads to premature stagnation in local optima.Despite the proposal of various enhanced versions,the effective balancing of exploration and exploitation remains an unsolved challenge.To address the previously mentioned problems,this study proposes a multi-strategy collaborative improved SSA,which systematically integrates four complementary strategies:(1)the Northern Goshawk Optimization(NGO)mechanism enhances global exploration through guided prey-attacking dynamics;(2)an adaptive t-distribution mutation strategy balances the transition between exploration and exploitation via dynamic adjustment of the degrees of freedom;(3)a dual chaotic initialization method(Bernoulli and Sinusoidal maps)increases population diversity and distribution uniformity;and(4)an elite retention strategy maintains solution quality and prevents degradation during iterations.These strategies cooperate synergistically,forming a tightly coupled optimization framework that significantly improves search efficiency and robustness.Therefore,this paper names it NTSSA:A Novel Multi-Strategy Enhanced Sparrow Search Algorithm with Northern Goshawk Optimization and Adaptive t-Distribution for Global Optimization.Extensive experiments on the CEC2005 benchmark set demonstrate that NTSSA achieves theoretical optimal accuracy on unimodal functions and significantly enhances global optimum discovery for multimodal functions by 2–5 orders of magnitude.Compared with SSA,GWO,ISSA,and CSSOA,NTSSA improves solution accuracy by up to 14.3%(F8)and 99.8%(F12),while accelerating convergence by approximately 1.5–2×.The Wilcoxon rank-sum test(p<0.05)indicates that NTSSA demonstrates a statistically substantial performance advantage.Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the collaborative synergy among adaptive mutation,chaos-based diversification,and elite preservation ensures both high convergence accuracy and global stability.This work bridges a key research gap in SSA by realizing a coordinated optimization mechanism between exploration and exploitation,offering a robust and efficient solution framework for complex high-dimensional problems in intelligent computation and engineering design.展开更多
As a result of accumulating methylglyoxal and advanced glycation end products in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease,it is considered a protein precipitation disease.The ubiquitin proteasome system is one...As a result of accumulating methylglyoxal and advanced glycation end products in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease,it is considered a protein precipitation disease.The ubiquitin proteasome system is one of the most important mechanisms for cells to degrade proteins,and thus is very important for maintaining normal physiological function of the nervous system.This study recruited 48 individuals with Alzheimer’s disease(20 males and 28 females aged 75±6 years)and 50 healthy volunteers(21 males and 29 females aged 72±7 years)from the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities(Baise,China)between 2014 and 2017.Plasma levels of malondialdehyde and H2O2 were measured by colorimetry,while glyoxalase 1 activity was detected by spectrophotometry.In addition,20S proteasome activity in erythrocytes was measured with a fluorescent substrate method.Ubiquitin and glyoxalase 1 protein expression in erythrocyte membranes was detected by western blot assay.The results demonstrated that compared with the control group,patients with Alzheimer’s disease exhibited increased plasma malondialdehyde and H2O2 levels,and decreased glyoxalase 1 activity;however,expression level of glyoxalase 1 protein remained unchanged.Moreover,activity of the 20S proteasome was decreased and expression of ubiquitin protein was increased in erythrocytes.These findings indicate that proteasomal and glyoxalase activities may be involved in the occurrence of Alzheimer’s disease,and erythrocytes may be a suitable tissue for Alzheimer’s disease studies.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities(approval No.YJ12017013)on May 3,2017.展开更多
Nickel/(S)-t-Bu-PHOX complex catalyzed asymmetric arylative cyclization of N-alkynones has been achieved, delivering 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines containing a chiral tertiary alcohol in high yields and excellent enanti...Nickel/(S)-t-Bu-PHOX complex catalyzed asymmetric arylative cyclization of N-alkynones has been achieved, delivering 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines containing a chiral tertiary alcohol in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities, which provides efficient access to chiral tetrahydropyridine and piperidine analogues.展开更多
Genome mining has revealed that Penicillium spp.possess numerous down-regulated or cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters(BGCs).This finding hinted that our investigation of fungal secondary metabolomes is limited.Herein,...Genome mining has revealed that Penicillium spp.possess numerous down-regulated or cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters(BGCs).This finding hinted that our investigation of fungal secondary metabolomes is limited.Herein,we report a genetically-modified activation strategy to characterize the spectrum of sesquiterpenoids produced by Penicillium brasilianum CGMCC 3.4402.The cryptic or down-regulated pathways were stimulated by constitutive expression of pathway-specific regulator gene berA responsible for berkeleyacetals biosynthesis from Neosartorya glabra.Chemical analysis of the extracts from the mutant strain Pb-OE:berA enabled the isolation of two new compounds including one bisabolene-type arpenibisabolane C(1),one daucane-type arpenicarotane C(4),along with four known sesquiterpenoids including arpenibisabolane A(2),eupenicisirenins A(3),arpenicarotane B(5)and aspterric acid(6).The assignments of their structures were elucidated from detailed analyses of spectroscopic data,electronic circular dichroism calculation,and biogenetic considerations.The bioassay of isolated compounds(1-6)exhibited no cytotoxic activities against three tumor cells including MCF-7,HepG2,and A549.Arpenibisabolane C(1)and A(2)showed weak inhibition bioactivities on aquatic pathogens Vibrio owensii and Vibrio algivorus.Moreover,phylogenetic analysis and sequence alignments of crucial sesquiterpene synthases were performed.Based on the chemical structures and biogenetic investigations,a hypothetic pathway of new compounds(1,4)was proposed.展开更多
Ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)has gained a lot of attention lately because of its remarkable properties,even if its high cost and high carbon emissions run counter to the current development trend.To lower the ...Ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)has gained a lot of attention lately because of its remarkable properties,even if its high cost and high carbon emissions run counter to the current development trend.To lower the cost and carbon emissions of UHPC,this study develops a multi-objective optimization framework that combines the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm and 6 different machine learning methods to handle this issue.The key features of UHPC are filtered using the recursive feature elimination approach,and Bayesian optimization and random grid search are employed to optimize the hyperparameters of the machine learning prediction model.The optimal mix ratios of UHPC are found by applying the multi-objective algorithm non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅲ and multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on adaptive geometric estimation.The results are evaluated by technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution and validated by experiments.The outcomes demonstrate that the compressive strength and slump flow of UHPC are correctly predicted by the machine learning models.The multiobjective optimization produces Pareto fronts,which illustrate the trade-off between the mix’s compressive strength,slump flow,cost,and environmental sustainability as well as the wide variety of possible solutions.The research contributes to the development of cost-effective and environmentally sustainable UHPC,and aids in robust,intelligent,and sustainable building practices.展开更多
Sauce-flavor Baijiu,a traditional Chinese liquor with deep cultural and economic value,derives its unique aroma from microbial metabolic activities.However,low pyrazine content limits its functional properties and mar...Sauce-flavor Baijiu,a traditional Chinese liquor with deep cultural and economic value,derives its unique aroma from microbial metabolic activities.However,low pyrazine content limits its functional properties and market competitiveness.In this research,a multi-omics approach was employed to investigate the succession patterns of microorganisms during the fermentation process of sauce flavor Baijiu.Concurrently,the dynamic variations of pyrazines and other flavor-contributing compounds were analyzed.By integrating core microorganisms’abundance,flavor-producing potential,and interaction patterns,we constructed a synthetic microbial community.This community is composed of Pichia kudriavzevii,Saccharomyces cereviceae,Zygosaccharomyces bailii,Schizosaccharomyces pombe,Lactobacillus acetotolerans,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,and Bacillus subtilis.Synthetic microbial community inoculation increased total pyrazines by 2.1-fold(P<0.01)and esters by 35%,with sensory evaluations confirming enhanced‘sauce aroma’and‘lingering fragrance.’This work has constructed a synthetic microbial community for enhancing pyrazines metabolism in sauce-flavor Baijiu.This construction of the synthetic microbial community provides a novel and effective strategy for enhancing the quality of sauce flavor Baijiu,thereby playing a pivotal role in promoting the optimization and development of the sauce flavor Baijiu production process.Moreover,this strategy offers a novel paradigm for precision modulation of traditional fermented foods.展开更多
Background:Awake prone positioning(APP)can reportedly reduce the need for intubation and help improve prognosis of patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure(AHRF)infected with COVID-19.However,its physiologica...Background:Awake prone positioning(APP)can reportedly reduce the need for intubation and help improve prognosis of patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure(AHRF)infected with COVID-19.However,its physiological mechanism remains unclear.In this study,we evaluated the effect of APP on lung ventilation in patients with moderate-to-severe AHRF to better understand the effects on ventilation distribution and to prevent intubation in non-intubated patients.Methods:The prospective study was performed in the Department of Critical Care Medicine at Shanghai General Hospital,China,from January 2021 to November 2022.The study included patients with AHRF(partial pressure of oxygen[PaO_(2)]/inspired oxygen concentration[FiO_(2)]<200 mmHg or oxygen saturation[SpO_(2)]/FiO_(2)<235]treated with high-flow nasal oxygen.Electrical impedance tomography(EIT)measurements including center of ventilation(COV),global inhomogeneity(GI)index,and regional ventilation delay(RVD)index were performed in the supine position(To),30 min after the start of APP(Ti),and 30 min returning to supine position after the APP(T2).Clinical parameters like SpO_(2),respiratory rate(RR),FiO_(2),heart rate(HR),and ROX(the ratio of SpO_(2) as measured by pulse oximetry/FiO_(2) to RR)were also recorded simultaneously at To,Ti,and T2.To evaluate the effect of the time points on the variables,Mauchly's test was performed for sphericity and repeated measures analysis of variance was applied with Bonferroni's post hoc multiple comparisons.Results:Ten patients were enrolled.The Pa02/FiO_(2) ratio was(111.4±33.4)mmHg at the time of recruitment.ROX showed a significant increase after initiation of APP(median(interquartile range[IQR)):To:7.5(6.0-10.1)vs.Ti:7.6(6.4-9.3)vs.T2:8.3(7.2-11.0),P=0.043).RR(P=0.409),HR(P=0.417),and SpO_(2)/FiO_(2)(P=0.262)did not change significantly during prone positioning(PP).The CoV moved from the ventral area to the dorsal area(To:48.8%±6.2%vs.T:54.8%±6.8%vs.T2:50.3%±6.1%,P=0.030)after APP.The GI decreased significantly after APP(To:median=42.7%,[IQR:38.3%-47.5%]vs.Ti:median=38.2%,[IQR:34.6%-50.7%]vs.T2:median=37.4%,[IQR:34.2%-41.4%],P=0.049).RVD(P=0.794)did not change after APP.Conclusions:APP can improve ventilation distribution and homogeneity of lung ventilation as assessed by EIT in non-intubated patients with AHRF.Trail Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Identifier:ChiCTR2000035895.展开更多
China is the world’s largest producer of sweet potato(Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam.).Considering that there are numerous sweet potato-producing regions in China and sweet potato is a vegetatively propagated crop,the geneti...China is the world’s largest producer of sweet potato(Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam.).Considering that there are numerous sweet potato-producing regions in China and sweet potato is a vegetatively propagated crop,the genetic diversity of sweet potato viruses could be high in the country.However,studies on species and genetic variabilities of sweet potato viruses in China are limited,making it difficult to prevent and control viral diseases in this crop.During 2014–2019,sweet potato samples with viral disease-like symptoms were randomly collected from sweet potato fields in 25 provinces in China.Twenty-one virus species,including 12 DNA and 9 RNA viruses,were identified in the samples using next-generation sequencing,polymerase chain reaction and rolling-circle amplification methods.One novel sweepovirus species,Sweet potato leaf curl Hubei virus(SPLCHbV),was identified.Two species,Sweet potato collusive virus and Tobacco mosaic virus,were identified for the first time in sweet potato in China.Full-length or nearly fulllength genomic sequences of 111 isolates belonging to 18 viral species were obtained.Genome sequence comparisons of potyvirus isolates obtained in this study indicate that the genome of sweet potato virus 2 is highly conserved,whereas the other four potyviruses,sweet potato feathery mottle virus,sweet potato virus G,sweet potato latent virus and sweet potato virus C,exhibited a high genetic variability.The similarities among the 40 sweepovirus genomic sequences obtained from eight sweepovirus species are 67.0–99.8%.The eight sweepoviruses include 14 strains,of which 4 novel strains were identified from SPLCHbV and 1 from sweet potato leaf curl Guangxi virus.Five sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus(SPCSV)isolates obtained belong to the WA strain,and the genome sequences of SPCSV are highly conserved.Together,this study for the first time comprehensively reports the variability of sweet potato viruses in China.展开更多
Background To evaluate the effect of recombinant human thrombopoietin(rhTPO)on clinical prognosis by exploring changes in endothelial cell injury markers and inflammatory factors in patients with sepsis after treatmen...Background To evaluate the effect of recombinant human thrombopoietin(rhTPO)on clinical prognosis by exploring changes in endothelial cell injury markers and inflammatory factors in patients with sepsis after treatment with rhTPO.Methods This retrospective observational study involved patients with sepsis(diagnosed according to Sepsis 3.0)admitted to Shanghai General Hospital intensive care unit from January 1,2019 to December 31,2022.Patients were divided into two groups(control and rhTPO)according to whether they received rhTPO.Baseline information,clinical data,prognosis,and survival status of the patients,as well as inflammatory factors and immune function indicators were collected.The main monitoring indicators were endothelial cell-specific molecule(ESM-1),human heparin-binding protein(HBP),and CD31;secondary monitoring indicators were interleukin(IL)-6,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,extravascular lung water index,platelet,antithrombin III,fibrinogen,and international normalized ratio.We used intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)to establish a mouse model of sepsis.Mice were randomly divided into four groups:normal saline,LPS,LPS+rhTPO,and LPS+rhTPO+LY294002.Plasma indicators in mice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results A total of 84 patients were included in the study.After 7 days of treatment,ESM-1 decreased more significantly in the rhTPO group than in the control group compared with day 1(median=38.6[interquartile range,IQR:7.2 to 67.8]pg/mL vs.median=23.0[IQR:−15.7 to 51.5]pg/mL,P=0.008).HBP and CD31 also decreased significantly in the rhTPO group compared with the control group(median=59.6[IQR:−1.9 to 91.9]pg/mL vs.median=2.4[IQR:−23.2 to 43.2]pg/mL;median=2.4[IQR:0.4 to 3.5]pg/mL vs.median=−0.6[IQR:−2.2 to 0.8]pg/mL,P<0.001).Inflammatory markers IL-6 and TNF-αdecreased more significantly in the rhTPO group than in the control group compared with day 1(median=46.0[IQR:15.8 to 99.1]pg/mL vs.median=31.2[IQR:19.7 to 171.0]pg/mL,P<0.001;median=17.2[IQR:6.4 to 23.2]pg/mL vs.median=0.0[IQR:0.0 to 13.8]pg/mL,P=0.010).LPS+rhTPO-treated mice showed significantly lower vascular von Willebrand factor(P=0.003),vascular endothelial growth factor(P=0.002),IL-6(P<0.001),and TNF-α(P<0.001)than mice in the LPS group.Endothelial cell damage factors vascular von Willebrand factor(P=0.012),vascular endothelial growth factor(P=0.001),IL-6(P<0.001),and TNF-α(P=0.001)were significantly elevated by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway.Conclusion rhTPO alleviates endothelial injury and inflammatory indices in sepsis,and may regulate septic endothelial cell injury through the PI3K/Akt pathway.展开更多
Background Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,prone positioning has been widely applied for non-intubated,spontaneously breathing patients.However,the efficacy and safety of prone po...Background Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,prone positioning has been widely applied for non-intubated,spontaneously breathing patients.However,the efficacy and safety of prone positioning in non-intubated patients with COVID-19-related acute hypoxemic respiratory failure remain unclear.We aimed to systematically analyze the outcomes associated with awake prone positioning(APP).Methods We conducted a systematic literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE,Cochrane Library,Embase,and Web of Science from January 1,2020,to June 3,2022.This study included adult patients with acute respiratory failure caused by COVID-19.The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines were followed,and the study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.The primary outcome was the reported cumulative intubation risk across randomized controlled trials(RCTs),and the effect estimates were calculated as risk ratios(RRs;95%confidence interval[CI]).Results A total of 495 studies were identified,of which 10 fulfilled the selection criteria,and 2294 patients were included.In comparison to supine positioning,APP significantly reduced the need for intubation in the overall population(RR=0.84,95%CI:0.74–0.95).The two groups showed no significant differences in the incidence of adverse events(RR=1.16,95%CI:0.48–2.76).The meta-analysis revealed no difference in mortality between the groups(RR=0.93,95%CI:0.77–1.11).Conclusions APP was safe and reduced the need for intubation in patients with respiratory failure associated with COVID-19.However,it did not significantly reduce mortality in comparison to usual care without prone positioning.展开更多
Recent research about reconstruction methods mainly used the interpolation reconstruction of the fluctuating wind pressure field on the surface.However,to investigate wind pressure at the edge of the building,the work...Recent research about reconstruction methods mainly used the interpolation reconstruction of the fluctuating wind pressure field on the surface.However,to investigate wind pressure at the edge of the building,the work presented in this paper focuses on the extrapolation reconstruction of wind pressure fields.Here,we propose an improved proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)and Kriging method with a von Karman correlation function to resolve this issue.The studies show that it works well for not only interpolation reconstruction but also extrapolation reconstruction.The proposed method does require determination of the Hurst exponent and other parameters analysed from the original data.Hence,the fluctuating wind fields have been characterized by the von Karman correlation function,as an a priori function.Compared with the cubic spline method and different variogram,preliminary results suggest less time consumption and high efficiency in extrapolation reconstruction at the edge.展开更多
During the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes(T1D) and type 2 diabetes(T2D), pancreatic islets, especially the β cells, face significant challenges. These insulin-producing cells adopt a regeneration strategy to compens...During the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes(T1D) and type 2 diabetes(T2D), pancreatic islets, especially the β cells, face significant challenges. These insulin-producing cells adopt a regeneration strategy to compensate for the shortage of insulin, but the exact mechanism needs to be defined. High-fat diet(HFD) and streptozotocin(STZ) treatment are well-established models to study islet damage in T2D and T1D respectively. Therefore, we applied these two diabetic mouse models, triggered at different ages, to pursue the cell fate transition of isletβ cells. Cre-LoxP systems were used to generate islet cell type-specific(α, β, or δ) green fluorescent protein(GFP)-labeled mice for genetic lineage tracing, thereinto β-cell GFP-labeled mice were tamoxifen induced. Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) was used to investigate the evolutionary trajectories and molecular mechanisms of the GFP-labeled β cells in STZ-treated mice. STZ-induced diabetes caused extensive dedifferentiation of β cells and some of which transdifferentiated into α or δ cells in both youth-and adulthood-initiated mice while this phenomenon was barely observed in HFD models. β cells in HFD mice were expanded via self-replication rather than via transdifferentiation from α or δ cells, in contrast, α or δ cells were induced to transdifferentiate into β cells in STZ-treated mice(both youthand adulthood-initiated). In addition to the re-dedifferentiation of β cells, it is also highly likely that these “α or δ” cells transdifferentiated from pre-existing β cells could also re-trans-differentiate into insulin-producing β cells and be beneficial to islet recovery. The analysis of ScRNA-seq revealed that several pathways including mitochondrial function, chromatin modification, and remodeling are crucial in the dynamic transition of β cells. Our findings shed light on how islet β cells overcome the deficit of insulin and the molecular mechanism of islet recovery in T1D and T2D pathogenesis.展开更多
Sentence Boundary Disambiguation(SBD)is a preprocessing step for natural language processing.Segmenting text into sentences is essential for Deep Learning(DL)and pretraining language models.Tibetan punctuation marks m...Sentence Boundary Disambiguation(SBD)is a preprocessing step for natural language processing.Segmenting text into sentences is essential for Deep Learning(DL)and pretraining language models.Tibetan punctuation marks may involve ambiguity about the sentences’beginnings and endings.Hence,the ambiguous punctuation marks must be distinguished,and the sentence structure must be correctly encoded in language models.This study proposed a component-level Tibetan SBD approach based on the DL model.The models can reduce the error amplification caused by word segmentation and part-of-speech tagging.Although most SBD methods have only considered text on the left side of punctuation marks,this study considers the text on both sides.In this study,465669 Tibetan sentences are adopted,and a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM)model is used to perform SBD.The experimental results show that the F1-score of the Bi-LSTM model reached 96%,the most efficient among the six models.Experiments are performed on low-resource languages such as Turkish and Romanian,and high-resource languages such as English and German,to verify the models’generalization.展开更多
The first asymmetric hydrogenation of acyclic tetrasubstitutedα,β-unsaturated amides has been achieved by using Rh/DuanPhos complex as a catalyst,delivering chiralβ-amino amides with two contiguous chiral centers i...The first asymmetric hydrogenation of acyclic tetrasubstitutedα,β-unsaturated amides has been achieved by using Rh/DuanPhos complex as a catalyst,delivering chiralβ-amino amides with two contiguous chiral centers in excellent yields and high enantioselectivities(up to 99%yield,96%ee),which provides efficient and concise access to valuableβ-amino amide derivatives.The gram-scale reaction and efficient transformation ofβ-amino amide toβ-amino acid andβ-amino cyanide demonstrated the utility of this methodology.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3904800)the National Outstanding Young Scientists Fund(No.5a2125002)+7 种基金the National Science Foundation of China(No.22476073)the Key Project of Jiangxi Provincial Research and Development Program(Nos.20223BBG74006 and 20243BBI91001)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M751282)the “Thousand Talents Program”of Jiangxi Province(S_(2)021GDQN2161)the Key Project of Ganzhou City Research and Development Program(No.2023PGX17350)the Science&Technology Talent Lifting Project of Hunan Province(No.2022TJ-N16)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province China(No.2024JJ4022,2023JJ30277)the Open-End Fund for National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization(ES_(2)02480184)。
文摘Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are critical for the rapid growth of electric vehicles(EVs),but their inherent lifespan leads to numerous retirements and resource challenges.The efficacy of conventional recycling techniques is increasingly compromised by their high energy consumption and secondary pollution,rendering them less responsive to greener and more sustainable requirement of rapid development.Thus,the direct recycling process emerged and was considered as a more expedient and convenient method of recycling compared to the conventional recycling modes that are currently in study.However,due to the reliance on the indispensable sintering process,direct recycling still faces considerable challenges,motivating researchers to explore faster,greener,and more cost-effective strategies for LIBs recycling,Inspiringly,Joule heating recycling(JHR),an emerging technique,offers rapid,efficient impurity removal and material regeneration with minimal environmental impact,addressing limitations of existing methods.This method reduces the time for direct recycling of spent LIBs by a factor of at least three orders of magnitude and exhibits significant potential for future industrial production.Unfortunately,due to the lack of systematic organization and reporting,this next generation approach to direct recycling of spent LIBs has not yet gained much interest.To facilitate a more profound comprehension of rising flash recycling strategy,in this study,JHR is distinguished into two distinctive implementation pathways(including flash Joule heating and carbon thermal shock),designed to accommodate varying pretreatment stages and diverse spent LIBs materials.Subsequently,the advantages of the recently developed JHR of spent LIBs in terms of material performance,environmental friendliness,and economic viability are discussed in detail.Ultimately,with the goal of achieving more attractive society effects,the future direction of JHR of spent LIBs and its potential for practical application are proposed and envisaged.
文摘It is evident that complex optimization problems are becoming increasingly prominent,metaheuristic algorithms have demonstrated unique advantages in solving high-dimensional,nonlinear problems.However,the traditional Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA)suffers from limited global search capability,insufficient population diversity,and slow convergence,which often leads to premature stagnation in local optima.Despite the proposal of various enhanced versions,the effective balancing of exploration and exploitation remains an unsolved challenge.To address the previously mentioned problems,this study proposes a multi-strategy collaborative improved SSA,which systematically integrates four complementary strategies:(1)the Northern Goshawk Optimization(NGO)mechanism enhances global exploration through guided prey-attacking dynamics;(2)an adaptive t-distribution mutation strategy balances the transition between exploration and exploitation via dynamic adjustment of the degrees of freedom;(3)a dual chaotic initialization method(Bernoulli and Sinusoidal maps)increases population diversity and distribution uniformity;and(4)an elite retention strategy maintains solution quality and prevents degradation during iterations.These strategies cooperate synergistically,forming a tightly coupled optimization framework that significantly improves search efficiency and robustness.Therefore,this paper names it NTSSA:A Novel Multi-Strategy Enhanced Sparrow Search Algorithm with Northern Goshawk Optimization and Adaptive t-Distribution for Global Optimization.Extensive experiments on the CEC2005 benchmark set demonstrate that NTSSA achieves theoretical optimal accuracy on unimodal functions and significantly enhances global optimum discovery for multimodal functions by 2–5 orders of magnitude.Compared with SSA,GWO,ISSA,and CSSOA,NTSSA improves solution accuracy by up to 14.3%(F8)and 99.8%(F12),while accelerating convergence by approximately 1.5–2×.The Wilcoxon rank-sum test(p<0.05)indicates that NTSSA demonstrates a statistically substantial performance advantage.Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the collaborative synergy among adaptive mutation,chaos-based diversification,and elite preservation ensures both high convergence accuracy and global stability.This work bridges a key research gap in SSA by realizing a coordinated optimization mechanism between exploration and exploitation,offering a robust and efficient solution framework for complex high-dimensional problems in intelligent computation and engineering design.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81860244the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China,No.2018JJA140311 and 2018GXNSFAA281051the Basic Ability Enhancement Program for Young and Middle-aged Teachers of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China,No.2017KY0516(all to CDJ)
文摘As a result of accumulating methylglyoxal and advanced glycation end products in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease,it is considered a protein precipitation disease.The ubiquitin proteasome system is one of the most important mechanisms for cells to degrade proteins,and thus is very important for maintaining normal physiological function of the nervous system.This study recruited 48 individuals with Alzheimer’s disease(20 males and 28 females aged 75±6 years)and 50 healthy volunteers(21 males and 29 females aged 72±7 years)from the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities(Baise,China)between 2014 and 2017.Plasma levels of malondialdehyde and H2O2 were measured by colorimetry,while glyoxalase 1 activity was detected by spectrophotometry.In addition,20S proteasome activity in erythrocytes was measured with a fluorescent substrate method.Ubiquitin and glyoxalase 1 protein expression in erythrocyte membranes was detected by western blot assay.The results demonstrated that compared with the control group,patients with Alzheimer’s disease exhibited increased plasma malondialdehyde and H2O2 levels,and decreased glyoxalase 1 activity;however,expression level of glyoxalase 1 protein remained unchanged.Moreover,activity of the 20S proteasome was decreased and expression of ubiquitin protein was increased in erythrocytes.These findings indicate that proteasomal and glyoxalase activities may be involved in the occurrence of Alzheimer’s disease,and erythrocytes may be a suitable tissue for Alzheimer’s disease studies.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities(approval No.YJ12017013)on May 3,2017.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22071188, 21871212)the open foundation of CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, the "Double First-Class" Project of Shihezi University。
文摘Nickel/(S)-t-Bu-PHOX complex catalyzed asymmetric arylative cyclization of N-alkynones has been achieved, delivering 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines containing a chiral tertiary alcohol in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities, which provides efficient access to chiral tetrahydropyridine and piperidine analogues.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872617)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(2021-I2M-1-055,2019-I2M-1-005)+1 种基金the National Microbial Resource Center(NMRC-2024-3)the central level,scientific research institutes for basic R&D fund business(3332018097).
文摘Genome mining has revealed that Penicillium spp.possess numerous down-regulated or cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters(BGCs).This finding hinted that our investigation of fungal secondary metabolomes is limited.Herein,we report a genetically-modified activation strategy to characterize the spectrum of sesquiterpenoids produced by Penicillium brasilianum CGMCC 3.4402.The cryptic or down-regulated pathways were stimulated by constitutive expression of pathway-specific regulator gene berA responsible for berkeleyacetals biosynthesis from Neosartorya glabra.Chemical analysis of the extracts from the mutant strain Pb-OE:berA enabled the isolation of two new compounds including one bisabolene-type arpenibisabolane C(1),one daucane-type arpenicarotane C(4),along with four known sesquiterpenoids including arpenibisabolane A(2),eupenicisirenins A(3),arpenicarotane B(5)and aspterric acid(6).The assignments of their structures were elucidated from detailed analyses of spectroscopic data,electronic circular dichroism calculation,and biogenetic considerations.The bioassay of isolated compounds(1-6)exhibited no cytotoxic activities against three tumor cells including MCF-7,HepG2,and A549.Arpenibisabolane C(1)and A(2)showed weak inhibition bioactivities on aquatic pathogens Vibrio owensii and Vibrio algivorus.Moreover,phylogenetic analysis and sequence alignments of crucial sesquiterpene synthases were performed.Based on the chemical structures and biogenetic investigations,a hypothetic pathway of new compounds(1,4)was proposed.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB2602600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52478235)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB3711400)the Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(No.2023BDE02004).
文摘Ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)has gained a lot of attention lately because of its remarkable properties,even if its high cost and high carbon emissions run counter to the current development trend.To lower the cost and carbon emissions of UHPC,this study develops a multi-objective optimization framework that combines the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm and 6 different machine learning methods to handle this issue.The key features of UHPC are filtered using the recursive feature elimination approach,and Bayesian optimization and random grid search are employed to optimize the hyperparameters of the machine learning prediction model.The optimal mix ratios of UHPC are found by applying the multi-objective algorithm non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅲ and multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on adaptive geometric estimation.The results are evaluated by technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution and validated by experiments.The outcomes demonstrate that the compressive strength and slump flow of UHPC are correctly predicted by the machine learning models.The multiobjective optimization produces Pareto fronts,which illustrate the trade-off between the mix’s compressive strength,slump flow,cost,and environmental sustainability as well as the wide variety of possible solutions.The research contributes to the development of cost-effective and environmentally sustainable UHPC,and aids in robust,intelligent,and sustainable building practices.
基金supported by Yunmen Distillery Co.Ltd.,the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant No.ZR2020QC229)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.74 General Fund(2023M741407)+5 种基金the Open Project Program of the Key Laboratory of Wuliangye-flavor Liquor Solid-state Fermentation of China National Light Industry(2021JJ016)the Doctoral Research Initiation Fund of Zaozhuang University(1020710)the Open Project Program for China Key Laboratory of microbiomics and Eco-brewing Technology for Light Industry(METL202402)the Open Project Program for China Key Laboratory of microbiomics and Eco-brewing Technology for Light Industry(METL202302)the Solid-state Fermentation Resource Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(2022GTZD01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,grant number 32201981).
文摘Sauce-flavor Baijiu,a traditional Chinese liquor with deep cultural and economic value,derives its unique aroma from microbial metabolic activities.However,low pyrazine content limits its functional properties and market competitiveness.In this research,a multi-omics approach was employed to investigate the succession patterns of microorganisms during the fermentation process of sauce flavor Baijiu.Concurrently,the dynamic variations of pyrazines and other flavor-contributing compounds were analyzed.By integrating core microorganisms’abundance,flavor-producing potential,and interaction patterns,we constructed a synthetic microbial community.This community is composed of Pichia kudriavzevii,Saccharomyces cereviceae,Zygosaccharomyces bailii,Schizosaccharomyces pombe,Lactobacillus acetotolerans,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,and Bacillus subtilis.Synthetic microbial community inoculation increased total pyrazines by 2.1-fold(P<0.01)and esters by 35%,with sensory evaluations confirming enhanced‘sauce aroma’and‘lingering fragrance.’This work has constructed a synthetic microbial community for enhancing pyrazines metabolism in sauce-flavor Baijiu.This construction of the synthetic microbial community provides a novel and effective strategy for enhancing the quality of sauce flavor Baijiu,thereby playing a pivotal role in promoting the optimization and development of the sauce flavor Baijiu production process.Moreover,this strategy offers a novel paradigm for precision modulation of traditional fermented foods.
基金supported by National Clinical Key Specialty(grant number:Z155080000004))Clinical management optimization project of SHDC(grant number:SHDC22022206).
文摘Background:Awake prone positioning(APP)can reportedly reduce the need for intubation and help improve prognosis of patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure(AHRF)infected with COVID-19.However,its physiological mechanism remains unclear.In this study,we evaluated the effect of APP on lung ventilation in patients with moderate-to-severe AHRF to better understand the effects on ventilation distribution and to prevent intubation in non-intubated patients.Methods:The prospective study was performed in the Department of Critical Care Medicine at Shanghai General Hospital,China,from January 2021 to November 2022.The study included patients with AHRF(partial pressure of oxygen[PaO_(2)]/inspired oxygen concentration[FiO_(2)]<200 mmHg or oxygen saturation[SpO_(2)]/FiO_(2)<235]treated with high-flow nasal oxygen.Electrical impedance tomography(EIT)measurements including center of ventilation(COV),global inhomogeneity(GI)index,and regional ventilation delay(RVD)index were performed in the supine position(To),30 min after the start of APP(Ti),and 30 min returning to supine position after the APP(T2).Clinical parameters like SpO_(2),respiratory rate(RR),FiO_(2),heart rate(HR),and ROX(the ratio of SpO_(2) as measured by pulse oximetry/FiO_(2) to RR)were also recorded simultaneously at To,Ti,and T2.To evaluate the effect of the time points on the variables,Mauchly's test was performed for sphericity and repeated measures analysis of variance was applied with Bonferroni's post hoc multiple comparisons.Results:Ten patients were enrolled.The Pa02/FiO_(2) ratio was(111.4±33.4)mmHg at the time of recruitment.ROX showed a significant increase after initiation of APP(median(interquartile range[IQR)):To:7.5(6.0-10.1)vs.Ti:7.6(6.4-9.3)vs.T2:8.3(7.2-11.0),P=0.043).RR(P=0.409),HR(P=0.417),and SpO_(2)/FiO_(2)(P=0.262)did not change significantly during prone positioning(PP).The CoV moved from the ventral area to the dorsal area(To:48.8%±6.2%vs.T:54.8%±6.8%vs.T2:50.3%±6.1%,P=0.030)after APP.The GI decreased significantly after APP(To:median=42.7%,[IQR:38.3%-47.5%]vs.Ti:median=38.2%,[IQR:34.6%-50.7%]vs.T2:median=37.4%,[IQR:34.2%-41.4%],P=0.049).RVD(P=0.794)did not change after APP.Conclusions:APP can improve ventilation distribution and homogeneity of lung ventilation as assessed by EIT in non-intubated patients with AHRF.Trail Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Identifier:ChiCTR2000035895.
基金supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-10-B13)the project from Industry-University-Research Cooperation of Henan Province of China(172107000038)the Science-Technology Foundation for Outstanding Young Scientists of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant No.2018YQ19).
文摘China is the world’s largest producer of sweet potato(Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam.).Considering that there are numerous sweet potato-producing regions in China and sweet potato is a vegetatively propagated crop,the genetic diversity of sweet potato viruses could be high in the country.However,studies on species and genetic variabilities of sweet potato viruses in China are limited,making it difficult to prevent and control viral diseases in this crop.During 2014–2019,sweet potato samples with viral disease-like symptoms were randomly collected from sweet potato fields in 25 provinces in China.Twenty-one virus species,including 12 DNA and 9 RNA viruses,were identified in the samples using next-generation sequencing,polymerase chain reaction and rolling-circle amplification methods.One novel sweepovirus species,Sweet potato leaf curl Hubei virus(SPLCHbV),was identified.Two species,Sweet potato collusive virus and Tobacco mosaic virus,were identified for the first time in sweet potato in China.Full-length or nearly fulllength genomic sequences of 111 isolates belonging to 18 viral species were obtained.Genome sequence comparisons of potyvirus isolates obtained in this study indicate that the genome of sweet potato virus 2 is highly conserved,whereas the other four potyviruses,sweet potato feathery mottle virus,sweet potato virus G,sweet potato latent virus and sweet potato virus C,exhibited a high genetic variability.The similarities among the 40 sweepovirus genomic sequences obtained from eight sweepovirus species are 67.0–99.8%.The eight sweepoviruses include 14 strains,of which 4 novel strains were identified from SPLCHbV and 1 from sweet potato leaf curl Guangxi virus.Five sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus(SPCSV)isolates obtained belong to the WA strain,and the genome sequences of SPCSV are highly conserved.Together,this study for the first time comprehensively reports the variability of sweet potato viruses in China.
基金supported by grants from the Shenkang Municipal Hospital emerging Frontier technology joint project(grant no.SHDC12019131)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.82202423)+4 种基金the Clinical Research Innovation Plan of Shanghai General Hospital(grant no.CCTR-2022B04)the 3rd Sansheng TCP Young and Middleaged Scientific Research FundingShanghai Jiao Tong University“Medicine-Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Fund”(grant no.YG2021QN79)National Key Clinical Specialist Construction Project(grant no.Z155080000004)Shanghai Committee(grant no.23Y31900100).
文摘Background To evaluate the effect of recombinant human thrombopoietin(rhTPO)on clinical prognosis by exploring changes in endothelial cell injury markers and inflammatory factors in patients with sepsis after treatment with rhTPO.Methods This retrospective observational study involved patients with sepsis(diagnosed according to Sepsis 3.0)admitted to Shanghai General Hospital intensive care unit from January 1,2019 to December 31,2022.Patients were divided into two groups(control and rhTPO)according to whether they received rhTPO.Baseline information,clinical data,prognosis,and survival status of the patients,as well as inflammatory factors and immune function indicators were collected.The main monitoring indicators were endothelial cell-specific molecule(ESM-1),human heparin-binding protein(HBP),and CD31;secondary monitoring indicators were interleukin(IL)-6,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,extravascular lung water index,platelet,antithrombin III,fibrinogen,and international normalized ratio.We used intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)to establish a mouse model of sepsis.Mice were randomly divided into four groups:normal saline,LPS,LPS+rhTPO,and LPS+rhTPO+LY294002.Plasma indicators in mice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results A total of 84 patients were included in the study.After 7 days of treatment,ESM-1 decreased more significantly in the rhTPO group than in the control group compared with day 1(median=38.6[interquartile range,IQR:7.2 to 67.8]pg/mL vs.median=23.0[IQR:−15.7 to 51.5]pg/mL,P=0.008).HBP and CD31 also decreased significantly in the rhTPO group compared with the control group(median=59.6[IQR:−1.9 to 91.9]pg/mL vs.median=2.4[IQR:−23.2 to 43.2]pg/mL;median=2.4[IQR:0.4 to 3.5]pg/mL vs.median=−0.6[IQR:−2.2 to 0.8]pg/mL,P<0.001).Inflammatory markers IL-6 and TNF-αdecreased more significantly in the rhTPO group than in the control group compared with day 1(median=46.0[IQR:15.8 to 99.1]pg/mL vs.median=31.2[IQR:19.7 to 171.0]pg/mL,P<0.001;median=17.2[IQR:6.4 to 23.2]pg/mL vs.median=0.0[IQR:0.0 to 13.8]pg/mL,P=0.010).LPS+rhTPO-treated mice showed significantly lower vascular von Willebrand factor(P=0.003),vascular endothelial growth factor(P=0.002),IL-6(P<0.001),and TNF-α(P<0.001)than mice in the LPS group.Endothelial cell damage factors vascular von Willebrand factor(P=0.012),vascular endothelial growth factor(P=0.001),IL-6(P<0.001),and TNF-α(P=0.001)were significantly elevated by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway.Conclusion rhTPO alleviates endothelial injury and inflammatory indices in sepsis,and may regulate septic endothelial cell injury through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
基金supported by the Clinical Research Plan of SHDC (grant number:SHDC2020CR2013A)the Clinical Research Plan of SHDC (grant number:SHDC2020CR5010-003).
文摘Background Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,prone positioning has been widely applied for non-intubated,spontaneously breathing patients.However,the efficacy and safety of prone positioning in non-intubated patients with COVID-19-related acute hypoxemic respiratory failure remain unclear.We aimed to systematically analyze the outcomes associated with awake prone positioning(APP).Methods We conducted a systematic literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE,Cochrane Library,Embase,and Web of Science from January 1,2020,to June 3,2022.This study included adult patients with acute respiratory failure caused by COVID-19.The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines were followed,and the study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.The primary outcome was the reported cumulative intubation risk across randomized controlled trials(RCTs),and the effect estimates were calculated as risk ratios(RRs;95%confidence interval[CI]).Results A total of 495 studies were identified,of which 10 fulfilled the selection criteria,and 2294 patients were included.In comparison to supine positioning,APP significantly reduced the need for intubation in the overall population(RR=0.84,95%CI:0.74–0.95).The two groups showed no significant differences in the incidence of adverse events(RR=1.16,95%CI:0.48–2.76).The meta-analysis revealed no difference in mortality between the groups(RR=0.93,95%CI:0.77–1.11).Conclusions APP was safe and reduced the need for intubation in patients with respiratory failure associated with COVID-19.However,it did not significantly reduce mortality in comparison to usual care without prone positioning.
文摘Recent research about reconstruction methods mainly used the interpolation reconstruction of the fluctuating wind pressure field on the surface.However,to investigate wind pressure at the edge of the building,the work presented in this paper focuses on the extrapolation reconstruction of wind pressure fields.Here,we propose an improved proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)and Kriging method with a von Karman correlation function to resolve this issue.The studies show that it works well for not only interpolation reconstruction but also extrapolation reconstruction.The proposed method does require determination of the Hurst exponent and other parameters analysed from the original data.Hence,the fluctuating wind fields have been characterized by the von Karman correlation function,as an a priori function.Compared with the cubic spline method and different variogram,preliminary results suggest less time consumption and high efficiency in extrapolation reconstruction at the edge.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81830023,82070803,82100838,82100837,81900708)。
文摘During the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes(T1D) and type 2 diabetes(T2D), pancreatic islets, especially the β cells, face significant challenges. These insulin-producing cells adopt a regeneration strategy to compensate for the shortage of insulin, but the exact mechanism needs to be defined. High-fat diet(HFD) and streptozotocin(STZ) treatment are well-established models to study islet damage in T2D and T1D respectively. Therefore, we applied these two diabetic mouse models, triggered at different ages, to pursue the cell fate transition of isletβ cells. Cre-LoxP systems were used to generate islet cell type-specific(α, β, or δ) green fluorescent protein(GFP)-labeled mice for genetic lineage tracing, thereinto β-cell GFP-labeled mice were tamoxifen induced. Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) was used to investigate the evolutionary trajectories and molecular mechanisms of the GFP-labeled β cells in STZ-treated mice. STZ-induced diabetes caused extensive dedifferentiation of β cells and some of which transdifferentiated into α or δ cells in both youth-and adulthood-initiated mice while this phenomenon was barely observed in HFD models. β cells in HFD mice were expanded via self-replication rather than via transdifferentiation from α or δ cells, in contrast, α or δ cells were induced to transdifferentiate into β cells in STZ-treated mice(both youthand adulthood-initiated). In addition to the re-dedifferentiation of β cells, it is also highly likely that these “α or δ” cells transdifferentiated from pre-existing β cells could also re-trans-differentiate into insulin-producing β cells and be beneficial to islet recovery. The analysis of ScRNA-seq revealed that several pathways including mitochondrial function, chromatin modification, and remodeling are crucial in the dynamic transition of β cells. Our findings shed light on how islet β cells overcome the deficit of insulin and the molecular mechanism of islet recovery in T1D and T2D pathogenesis.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFC0832500)the Ministry of Education-China Mobile Research Foundation(No.MCM20170206)+5 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.lzujbky-2022-kb12,lzujbky-2021-sp43,lzujbky-2020-sp02,lzujbky-2019-kb51,and lzujbky-2018-k12)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61402210)the Science and Technology Plan of Qinghai Province(No.2020-GX-164)the Google Research Awards and Google Faculty Award,the Provincial Science and Technology Plan(Major Science and Technology Projects-Open Solicitation)(No.22ZD6GA048)the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Major Special Innovation Consortium Project(No.21ZD3GA002)the Gansu Province Green and Smart Highway Key Technology Research and Demonstration。
文摘Sentence Boundary Disambiguation(SBD)is a preprocessing step for natural language processing.Segmenting text into sentences is essential for Deep Learning(DL)and pretraining language models.Tibetan punctuation marks may involve ambiguity about the sentences’beginnings and endings.Hence,the ambiguous punctuation marks must be distinguished,and the sentence structure must be correctly encoded in language models.This study proposed a component-level Tibetan SBD approach based on the DL model.The models can reduce the error amplification caused by word segmentation and part-of-speech tagging.Although most SBD methods have only considered text on the left side of punctuation marks,this study considers the text on both sides.In this study,465669 Tibetan sentences are adopted,and a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM)model is used to perform SBD.The experimental results show that the F1-score of the Bi-LSTM model reached 96%,the most efficient among the six models.Experiments are performed on low-resource languages such as Turkish and Romanian,and high-resource languages such as English and German,to verify the models’generalization.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22071188,22371217)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2023AFA011).
文摘The first asymmetric hydrogenation of acyclic tetrasubstitutedα,β-unsaturated amides has been achieved by using Rh/DuanPhos complex as a catalyst,delivering chiralβ-amino amides with two contiguous chiral centers in excellent yields and high enantioselectivities(up to 99%yield,96%ee),which provides efficient and concise access to valuableβ-amino amide derivatives.The gram-scale reaction and efficient transformation ofβ-amino amide toβ-amino acid andβ-amino cyanide demonstrated the utility of this methodology.
