Efficient photocatalytic water splitting can be significantly enhanced through the careful design of S-scheme heterostructures,which play a pivotal role in optimizing performance.Herein,we report the construction of Z...Efficient photocatalytic water splitting can be significantly enhanced through the careful design of S-scheme heterostructures,which play a pivotal role in optimizing performance.Herein,we report the construction of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/CdS S-scheme heterojunctions under ambient conditions,based on a sonochemical strategy.This structure is facilitated by the well-matched interface between the(007)plane of layered ZnIn_(2)S_(4)and the(101)plane of CdS,leading to a threshold optical response of 2.12 eV,which optimally aligns with visible light absorption.As a proof of concept,the resulting ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/CdS catalysts demonstrate a remarkable improvement in photocatalytic H_(2) evolution,achieving a rate of 5678.2μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)under visible light irradiation(λ>400 nm).This rate is approximately 10 times higher than that of pristine ZnIn_(2)S_(4)nanosheets(NSs)and about 4.6 times higher than that of CdS nanoparticles(NPs),surpassing the performance of most ZnIn_(2)S_(4)-based photocatalysts reported to date.Moreover,they deliver a robust photocatalytic performance during long-term operation of up to 60 h,showing their potential for use in practical applications.Based on the theoretical calculation and experimental results,it is verified that the movements of electrons and holes in the opposite direction could be induced by the disparity in the work function and the internal electric field within the interfaces,thus facilitating the construction of S-scheme heterojunctions,which fundamentally suppresses carrier recombination while minimizing photocorrosion of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)toward enhanced photocatalytic behaviors.展开更多
A method based on multiple images captured under different light sources at different incident angles was developed to recognize the coal density range in this study.The innovation is that two new images were construc...A method based on multiple images captured under different light sources at different incident angles was developed to recognize the coal density range in this study.The innovation is that two new images were constructed based on images captured under four single light sources.Reconstruction image 1 was constructed by fusing greyscale versions of the original images into one image,and Reconstruction image2 was constructed based on the differences between the images captured under the different light sources.Subsequently,the four original images and two reconstructed images were input into the convolutional neural network AlexNet to recognize the density range in three cases:-1.5(clean coal) and+1.5 g/cm^(3)(non-clean coal);-1.8(non-gangue) and+1.8 g/cm^(3)(gangue);-1.5(clean coal),1.5-1.8(middlings),and+1.8 g/cm^(3)(gangue).The results show the following:(1) The reconstructed images,especially Reconstruction image 2,can effectively improve the recognition accuracy for the coal density range compared with images captured under single light source.(2) The recognition accuracies for gangue and non-gangue,clean coal and non-clean coal,and clean coal,middlings,and gangue reached88.44%,86.72% and 77.08%,respectively.(3) The recognition accuracy increases as the density moves further away from the boundary density.展开更多
Soybean(Glycine max),the primary source of high-quality plant protein,plays a crucial role as a grain and oil crop in China.Harnessing the full potential of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in soybean production holds imme...Soybean(Glycine max),the primary source of high-quality plant protein,plays a crucial role as a grain and oil crop in China.Harnessing the full potential of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in soybean production holds immense significance for agriculture and ecology alike.Zhongdou 63,a newly developed early-maturing summer soybean cultivar in 2021,exhibits remarkable traits such as high yield,superior quality,multi-resistance,and wide adaptability.In this study,eight distinct rhizobia strains from diverse regions were meticulously screened to identify highly effective strains specifically suited for Zhongdou 63.The aboveground biomass,plant height,chlorophyll content,root length,nodule number,and nodule dry weight of Zhongdou 63 were measured and the data were subjected to statistical analysis.The results demonstrated that Y63-1 is a predominant strain of Zhongdou 63.Subsequently,we conducted further investigations on the broad-spectrum nodulation characteristics of Y63-1.Ten representative soybean cultivars were individually inoculated with Y63-1 and subsequently analyzed for nodule numbers and nodule dry weight in their symbiotic systems with rhizobia.The findings revealed that Y63-1 effectively formed nodules with all ten soybean varieties tested.In summary,our current study identified highly efficient broad-spectrum Bradyrhizobium elkanii strain Y63-1 as the predominant strain in Zhongdou 63 and provided a theoretical foundation for enhancing yield potential not only in Zhongdou 63 but also in other varieties through inoculation with highly efficient rhizobia in production.展开更多
The tumor suppressor p53 is at the hub of the cellular DNA damage response network.P53-dependent cell fate decision is inseparable from p53 dynamics.A type of non-coding microRNA miR-34 has the function of enhancing p...The tumor suppressor p53 is at the hub of the cellular DNA damage response network.P53-dependent cell fate decision is inseparable from p53 dynamics.A type of non-coding microRNA miR-34 has the function of enhancing p53 content.An intriguing question arises:How does miR-34 affect p53 kinetics?To address this question,we reconstruct a p53 signal transduction network model containing miR-34.Some experimental phenomena of p53 pulses are reproduced to explain the rationality of the model.The method of numerical bifurcation is used to investigate the effect of miR-34 on p53 kinetics.We point out that appropriate or higher miR-34 transcription rates can prevent DNA-damaged cell proliferation by causing p53 oscillation or high steady-state kinetic behavior,respectively.However,the lack of miR-34 synthesis ability will induce p53 to remain at a low level,and cells cannot respond correctly to DNA damage.These results are well in line with the anti-cancer role of miR-34.Our work sheds light on how miR-34 carries out its tumor-suppressive function from tuning p53 dynamic aspect.展开更多
We report the scalable fabrication of CdS/ZnS 1D/2D heterojunctions under ambient air conditions(i.e.,room temperature and atmospheric pressure)in which ZnS nanoparticles are anchored on the surface of CdS nanosheets....We report the scalable fabrication of CdS/ZnS 1D/2D heterojunctions under ambient air conditions(i.e.,room temperature and atmospheric pressure)in which ZnS nanoparticles are anchored on the surface of CdS nanosheets.The as-formed heterojunctions exhibit a significantly enhanced photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate of 14.02 mmol h^(-1) g^(-1) when irradiated with visible light,which is~10 and 85 times higher than those of pristine CdS nanosheets and CdS nanoparticles,respectively,and superior to most of the CdS-based photocatalysts reported to date.Furthermore,they provide robust photocatalytic performance with demonstratable stability over 58 h,indicating their potential for practical applications.The formation of 1D/2D heterojunctions not only provides improved exposed active sites that respond to illumination but also provides a rapid pathway to generate photogenerated carriers for efficient separation and transfer through the matrix of single-crystalline CdS nanosheets.In addition,first-principles simulations demonstrate that the existence of rich Zn vacancies increases the energy level of the ZnS valence band maximum to construct type-II and Z-scheme mixed heterojunctions,which plays a critical role in suppressing the recombination of carriers with limited photocorrosion of CdS to enhance photocatalytic behavior.展开更多
Isolated micmspore culture was carried out with Brassica juncea to study the effects of sterilization methods, culture period of embryos, hormone formula and the concentration of aetivatod carbon on embryogenesis, and...Isolated micmspore culture was carried out with Brassica juncea to study the effects of sterilization methods, culture period of embryos, hormone formula and the concentration of aetivatod carbon on embryogenesis, and the concentration of NAA on induction of roots. The results showed that the embryogenesis on medi- um subjected to filter sterilization is better than medium subjected to autoclaved sterilization. The embryos cultured for 15 d had the highest plantlat regenexafion rate （52%）. NLN-13 liquid medium including 0. 1mg/L 6-BA and 0.2 g/L activated carbon significantly improved the planflet regeneration rate. 1/2 MS inclu- ding 0.3 mg/L NAA had the highest plantlet regeneration rate （ 100% ）. Key words Brassica juncea ; Isolated micmspore culture ; Embryogenesis ; Planflet regeneration展开更多
In this study, using Japanese radish cytoplasmic sterile line ＂Half Green Cabbage＂ （HGC） and clubfoot-resistant South Korean cabbage variety ＂ CR Cabbage King＂ （CCK） as experimental materials, serf-incompatibl...In this study, using Japanese radish cytoplasmic sterile line ＂Half Green Cabbage＂ （HGC） and clubfoot-resistant South Korean cabbage variety ＂ CR Cabbage King＂ （CCK） as experimental materials, serf-incompatible DH lines were obtained by mierosporo culture. Through five gnerations of backeross, CCR11239, a clubroot-resistant radish cytoplasmic sterile line, was obtained. Through six generations of serf-crossing, CCR11240, the maintainer line of CCR11239, was bred. After the cross of CCK and Luchunbai 1 （83 - 1 ） and five generations of self-crossing, serf-compatible line CCRl1241 was obtained. Through crossing CCR11240 with CCRl1241, the new cabbage variety CCRl1242 was obtained. After variety comparison test, provincial regional test and production demonstration test, the new variety was registered in 2012. The average yield of CCR11242 reached 60 975 kg/hm2, which was improved by 142% compared with Luchunbai 1 （83 - 1 ）. The disease index of CCR11242 was 5.63, which was 88.13 lower than the control, indicating high resistance （HR） to clubfoot.展开更多
SMAX1-LIKE(SMXL) family members have played important roles in regulating plant growth and development in Arabidopsis and rice, but few have been studied in Brassica napus(rapeseed). In this study, 31 SMXL genes(BnaSM...SMAX1-LIKE(SMXL) family members have played important roles in regulating plant growth and development in Arabidopsis and rice, but few have been studied in Brassica napus(rapeseed). In this study, 31 SMXL genes(BnaSMXL) were identified in rapeseed by whole genome bioinformatics. Detailed information were characterized, including genomic distribution, phylogenetic relationship, evolutionary selection pattern, structural and motif features. Phylogenetic analysis classified BnaSMXL genes into 4 distinct sub-clades representing clear orthologous relationships to their family members in Arabidopsis and rice. Conserved motif analysis indicated that the motif 16 mediating strigolactones(SLs) or karrikins(KARs) signaling was absent in SMXL3-5 genes. Orthologous gene pairs between Arabidopsis and 3 Brassica species were extracted, and 8 SMXL genes in Arabidopsis genome had 16, 16 and 31 corresponding genes in B. oleracea, B. rapa and rapeseed genomes respectively. Evolutionary selection pattern showed that most of SMXL genes had undergone stronger negative selection. BnaSMXLs expression showed diverse patterns in 10 tissues of both vegetative and reproductive organs. Subcellular localization analysis showed that BnaSMXL proteins were exclusively localized in nucleus.展开更多
Recently, a novel green fluorescent protein eYGFPuv has been identified in the marine organism Chiridius poppei which displays high fluorescence intensity and can be visible by eyes in dark. Although strong green fluo...Recently, a novel green fluorescent protein eYGFPuv has been identified in the marine organism Chiridius poppei which displays high fluorescence intensity and can be visible by eyes in dark. Although strong green fluorescence was achieved in transgenic petunia, 3 expression cassettes (about 8 kb) complicate its application. In this study, to confirm whether 1 expression cassette could be used as a transgenic marker in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, eYGFPuv was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET28α-eYGFPuv- His and plant binary expression vector 35S::eYGFPuv. Compared to EGFP, eYGFPuv protein exhibited stronger dazzling green fluorescence in E. coli under excited light at 365 nm and maintains steadily over a long period of time without degradation. When transiently expressed in tobacco leaves, eYGFPuv protein displayed strong green fluorescence. Moreover, the fluorescence of eYGFPuv protein also could be directly observed in living plant, and thus can be used easily as a marker to screen transformed lines in transgenic research. Overall, compared to previous studies on eYGFPuv tandem repeats, our data confirmed that single eYGFPuv sequence still possesses high fluorescence intensity and quenching resistance. Furthermore, because of small size of expression cassette,it is suitable for efficient transformation in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.展开更多
Clubroot of Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa L.ssp.pekinensis),caused by the obligate parasite Plasmodiophora brassicae,accounts for serious yield losses.The aim of our study was to explore the phytohormone levels and me...Clubroot of Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa L.ssp.pekinensis),caused by the obligate parasite Plasmodiophora brassicae,accounts for serious yield losses.The aim of our study was to explore the phytohormone levels and metabolome changes in the roots of resistant and susceptible B.rapa genotypes at a late stage of infection,i.e.,28 days post-infection.Both genotypes showed decreased auxin levels after P.brassicae infection except for indole-3-acetic acid.Overall,the susceptible genotype had higher auxin and cytokinin levels after infection,with the exception of trans-zeatin and 3-indolebutyric acid as compared to the resistant genotype.Jasmonic acid levels declined after infection regardless of the genotype.Resistance against clubroot was evident with the increased levels of salicylic acid in the resistant genotype.The susceptible genotype had a higher number of differentially accumulated metabolites(DAMs)(262)than the resistant genotype(238)after infection.Interestingly,132 DAMs were commonly detected in both genotypes when infected with the pathogen,belonging to metabolite classes such as phenolic acids,amino acids,and derivatives,glucosinolates,organic acids,flavonoids,nucleotides and derivatives,and fatty acids.The differential metabolite analysis revealed that metabolites related to amino acid biosynthesis,fatty acid biosynthesis and elongation,glutathione metabolism,and glucosinolate metabolism were highly accumulated in the resistant genotype,suggesting their essential roles in resistance against P.brassicae infection.展开更多
The tumor suppressor p53 plays a key regulatory role in the response of cells to various stresses.It have experimentally shown that p53 can exhibit rich dynamic behaviors under DNA damage.In order to study the meticul...The tumor suppressor p53 plays a key regulatory role in the response of cells to various stresses.It have experimentally shown that p53 can exhibit rich dynamic behaviors under DNA damage.In order to study the meticulous mechanism,we construct a coupling model including p53-murine double minute 2(Mdm2)negative feedback loop(NFL)and p53-phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN)-Mdm2 positive feedback loop(PFL).By making use of bifurcation analysis and Binomial r-leap algorithm,we confirm that PTEN is a essential condition for p53 oscillation or bistable switching dynamic behaviours.We investigate the p53 dynamics affected by PFL through studying the p53-dependent PTEN synthesis rate.The results suggest that PFL may enrich the dynamic behaviors of the p53 system.This work can promote the understanding of p53 dynamics mediated by PTEN and provide clues for cancer therapy.展开更多
The transcription factor p53, also known as the ‘guardian of the genome’ and the ‘gatekeeper’,encodes programmed cell death(apoptosis) information in its dynamics. The anti-cancer protein14-3-3 σ and oncogenic pr...The transcription factor p53, also known as the ‘guardian of the genome’ and the ‘gatekeeper’,encodes programmed cell death(apoptosis) information in its dynamics. The anti-cancer protein14-3-3 σ and oncogenic protein Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1(Wip1) are both in the p53-murine double minute 2(Mdm2) gene network. However, how these two proteins modulate the dynamics of p53-Mdm2 module and further cell apoptosis remains elusive. Therefore, the authors constructed a relatively comprehensive ordinary differential equation model, taking into account the roles of 14-3-3 σ and Wip1 in p53 dynamics and cell apoptosis. By using numerical methods, we found that p53 exhibits abundant dynamics under the common control of 14-3-3 σand Wip1, and explained the anti-apoptotic effect of Wip1 and the pro-apoptotic effect of 14-3-3σ. By comparing experimental phenomena, we proposed that the p53 oscillation caused by the participation of Wip1 and 14-3-3 σ is closer to the real scene. This paper provides a new insight for p53 dynamics mechanism and apoptosis outcome mediated by Wip1 and 14-3-3 σ, and may be helpful for clinical application.展开更多
Auxin has been reported to regulate plant growth and development,as well as to mediate plant adaption to abiotic stresses,including drought.AUX/LAX family displays auxin uptake functions and comprises four highly cons...Auxin has been reported to regulate plant growth and development,as well as to mediate plant adaption to abiotic stresses,including drought.AUX/LAX family displays auxin uptake functions and comprises four highly conserved genes AUX1 and LIKE AUX1(LAX1,LAX2,and LAX3)in Arabidopsis.There are fifteen GmLAX family genes in the soybean genomes and several members were regulated by dehydration stress.In this study,the sequence differences and expression pattern of GmLAXs-I were analyzed under stress treatment between the soybean droughttolerant Jindou 21 and drought-sensitive varieties Zhongdou 33.Five homologous genes of AUX1 were all responsive to PEG,salt,ABA and IAA stimuli.There were two SNPs in the promoter region of GmLAX4 gene,and this gene was differentially expressed in two cultivars.Moreover,our results showed YFP-GmLAXs are predominantly localized in plasma membrane.Taken together,our results suggest that GmLAXs are involved in abiotic response,which can provide theoretical and technical support for the genetic improvement of soybean drought tolerance.展开更多
Different sterile cytoplasm types of nine cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile materials were identified by molecular marker in the study, in order to better use molecular marker to conduct the assisted breeding in the fu...Different sterile cytoplasm types of nine cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile materials were identified by molecular marker in the study, in order to better use molecular marker to conduct the assisted breeding in the future. Genomic DNA was isolated from Chinese cabbage by CTAB method. The design of two pairs of specific primers was performed on conserved flanking region of orf138 gene in the GenBank. PCR was performed with genomic DNA of the nine Chinese cabbage materials. The bands were sequenced. The homologous comparison was conducted in NCBI, and finally, the type of sterile cytoplasm was determined. The results showed that the bands were amplified only in four Chinese cabbage male sterile materials with two pairs of specific primers PUPIl and PIII/PIV, while the other five materials did not obtain the relative bands. The result was consistent with the field sterility identification. And then four molecular markers of Chinese cabbage Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility （CMS） were obtained. After conducting a homologous comparative analysis with BLAST in GenBank, it was found that the homologous degree was 100% in specific segments of tbe tbree sterility materials （L1-CI, L3-CI and L3- F1 ） and Ogu orf138 gene （GenBank accession No. ： HQ149728） of the reported broccoli Ogu CMS. The homologous degree of L1-F1 was 99% with a variation point. The type of cytoplasmic male sterility of the other five materials needed further research. Four materials of the nine were identified as the radish cytoplasmic male sterility materials and four molecular markers were obtained.展开更多
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated DNA transformation for transient gene expression in protoplasts and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation in lower epidermis of leaves are readily available in several pl...Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated DNA transformation for transient gene expression in protoplasts and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation in lower epidermis of leaves are readily available in several plant species. In the study, these two versatile tools were used in rapeseed. A simple and efficient method was established for isolating protoplasts from rapeseed cotyledons and leaves, and found that cotyledons might be better than true leaves. Transient expression analysis showed that yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) and luciferase (LUC) could be expressed in rapeseed protoplasts. Moreover,GUS histochemical assays indicated that Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transient expression was achievable only in lower epidermis of rapeseed cotyledons and expression signal was the highest on the 5th day after injection with the bacterial suspension (OD600=0.8).These methods might provide valuable tools for rapid functional gene analysis in rapeseed.展开更多
Geraniol is an acyclic monoterpenoid compound,which exists widely in aromatic plants.Geraniol has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.Recently,it has been found that geraniol has a strong effect on improving i...Geraniol is an acyclic monoterpenoid compound,which exists widely in aromatic plants.Geraniol has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.Recently,it has been found that geraniol has a strong effect on improving immune function and anti-tumor.Many experimental evidences support that geraniol has a good effect on the treatment or prevention of different types of tumors,such as breast cancer,lung cancer,liver cancer,pancreatic cancer,colon cancer,prostate cancer,etc.it also has a synergistic anti-cancer effect with many anti-cancer drugs,revealing the mechanism of its more complex anti-tumor pharmacological action System.In this review,we summarized a variety of anti-cancer signaling pathways and targets.Geraniol is considered to be a safe,effective and promising multi-target anti-cancer drug,which is expected to become an important force in the anti-cancer of traditional Chinese medicine.展开更多
The important agronomic traits of seed size and seed oil content in oilseed rape were af-fected by maternal effect. The maternal tissue endosperm, generated by fertilization of the diploid central cell in the female ...The important agronomic traits of seed size and seed oil content in oilseed rape were af-fected by maternal effect. The maternal tissue endosperm, generated by fertilization of the diploid central cell in the female gametophyte, is essential for embryo and seed development. Imprinting is primarily re-stricted to the endosperm of flowering plants and is associated with differential DNA methylation of paren-tal alleles. Therefore, it is necessary to find out whether the endosperm influences these traits. If so, whether DNA methylation participated in these processes？ To answer these questions, isolation of pure liquid endosperm qualified for extraction genomic DNA and RNA was the prerequisite. However, it was not easy to conduct this isolation due to endosperm is encapsulated by tiny seed coat and it adjoins to de-veloping embryo. This research adopted a procedure for isolation pure lipid endosperm from 25DAF （days after flowering） ovules of Brassica napus and improved procedure for subsequent DNA extraction. With the optimized procedures, we successfully extracted genomic DNA of liquid endosperm from 500 mg o-vules with high concentration （ ≥2. 5μg/μl, 200μl） and high purity, which were proved by the subse-quent analysis.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is an autoimmune disorder involving complex immune regulation,where balancing localized and systemic immunosuppression is a key challenge.This study aimed to enhance the therapeutic effi...Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is an autoimmune disorder involving complex immune regulation,where balancing localized and systemic immunosuppression is a key challenge.This study aimed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy by engineering the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917(EcN).We removed endogenous plasmids pMUT1 and pMUT2 from wild-type EcN and expressed the mPD-L1(19‒238 aa)-mFc fusion protein on the bacterial surface using a cytolysin A(ClyA)fragment.This modification stabilized mPD-L1(19‒238 aa)protein expression and promoted its recruitment to outer membrane vesicles(OMVs).The engineered strain,EcNΔ_(pMUT1/2)-ClyA-mPD-L1-mFc(EcN-ePD-L1-mFc),features conditional ePD-L1-mFc expression under the araBAD promoter,enhancing gut-targeted release and reducing systemic side effects.This strain improved treatment targeting and efficiency by enabling direct ePD-L1-mFc interaction with immune cells at inflammation sites.OMVs from this strain induced Treg proliferation,inhibited effector T cell proliferation in vitro,and significantly improved intestinal inflammation and colonic epithelial barrier repair in vivo.Additionally,the bacterium restored intestinal microbiota balance,increasing Lactobacillaceae and reducing Bacteroides.This study highlights the engineered bacterium’s potential for targeted intestinal immune modulation and offers a novel local IBD treatment approach with promising clinical prospects.展开更多
Twisted two-dimensional(2D)layered materials have attracted significant attention due to their twist angle-related superconductivity and moiréexciton phenomena.In twisted layered materials,supertwisted spirals ex...Twisted two-dimensional(2D)layered materials have attracted significant attention due to their twist angle-related superconductivity and moiréexciton phenomena.In twisted layered materials,supertwisted spirals exhibit multiple layers of continuous twisted structures,which give rise to their unique optoelectronic properties.Previous studies have primarily focused on the influence of conical non-Euclidean surfaces on the growth of twisted spirals,revealing their dominant role in determining the twist angle.However,few studies have systematically analyzed the additional factors influencing the variation of twist angles during the growth of such structures.In this work,we demonstrated the synthesis of supertwisted WS_(2) spirals on the edges of WS_(2) nanoribbons with nanoparticles,where the twist angle deviates from the theoretical value due to the additional influence of the nanoribbons during growth.Beyond the dominant role of nanoparticles in determining the twist angle of the spirals,we found that larger step heights or contact areas of the nanoribbons lead to larger twist angles.Furthermore,photoluminescence(PL)and Raman spectroscopy revealed the unique optical properties of the twisted spirals.PL spectra exhibited thickness-dependent abnormal variation in luminescence intensity,attributed to the decoupling and recoupling of interlayer interactions,while Raman spectra demonstrated the thickness-dependent and twist angle-dependent variations in the dominant atomic vibrations of interlayer van der Waals(vdW)interactions.These findings not only provide new insights into the regulation of twist angles in twisted spiral structures,but also contribute to a deeper understanding of the optical characteristics of twisted 2D layered materials,paving the way for their potential applications in various fields.展开更多
Asian soybean rust,caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi,is a devastating fungal disease threatening global soybean production,particularly in tropical regions where chemical control is increasingly unsustainable.This study...Asian soybean rust,caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi,is a devastating fungal disease threatening global soybean production,particularly in tropical regions where chemical control is increasingly unsustainable.This study employed cutting-edge 4D-DIA proteomics to investigate molecular defense mechanisms in resistant(SX6907)and susceptible(Tianlong 1)soybean cultivars during early infection(12 hpi and 3 dpi).We identified 12,852 proteins,with 1,510 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)revealing genotype-specific responses.Resistant plants exhibited sustained upregulation of immune receptors(CRKs,LRR-RLKs),MAPK signaling components,and cell wall reinforcement proteins(peroxidases,XTHs),alongside dynamic modulation of calcium signaling and ROS homeostasis.These patterns suggest key pathways enriched in resistance may include phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,isoflavonoid production,and ER stress responses,while susceptible plants showed suppression of photosynthesis and defense pathways.Weighted Protein Co-expression Network Analysis(WPCNA)highlighted co-expression modules linked to resistance,potentially including NLR-mediated effector-triggered immunity.Crucially,DIR proteins and organelle-specific defense hubs(e.g.,chloroplasts,nuclei)were implicated in rust resistance.Validation by qPCR confirmed concordance for 84%of tested DEPs.Our findings provide a protein-level blueprint of soybean rust resistance,identifying candidate targets for marker-assisted breeding and genetic engineering to develop durable resistant varieties,reducing reliance on fungicides.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant No.52372063,62204246 and 52401244)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(Grant No.2023QNRC001)+1 种基金the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(Grant No.GZC20233001,GZC20233006)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024M753526)。
文摘Efficient photocatalytic water splitting can be significantly enhanced through the careful design of S-scheme heterostructures,which play a pivotal role in optimizing performance.Herein,we report the construction of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/CdS S-scheme heterojunctions under ambient conditions,based on a sonochemical strategy.This structure is facilitated by the well-matched interface between the(007)plane of layered ZnIn_(2)S_(4)and the(101)plane of CdS,leading to a threshold optical response of 2.12 eV,which optimally aligns with visible light absorption.As a proof of concept,the resulting ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/CdS catalysts demonstrate a remarkable improvement in photocatalytic H_(2) evolution,achieving a rate of 5678.2μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)under visible light irradiation(λ>400 nm).This rate is approximately 10 times higher than that of pristine ZnIn_(2)S_(4)nanosheets(NSs)and about 4.6 times higher than that of CdS nanoparticles(NPs),surpassing the performance of most ZnIn_(2)S_(4)-based photocatalysts reported to date.Moreover,they deliver a robust photocatalytic performance during long-term operation of up to 60 h,showing their potential for use in practical applications.Based on the theoretical calculation and experimental results,it is verified that the movements of electrons and holes in the opposite direction could be induced by the disparity in the work function and the internal electric field within the interfaces,thus facilitating the construction of S-scheme heterojunctions,which fundamentally suppresses carrier recombination while minimizing photocorrosion of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)toward enhanced photocatalytic behaviors.
文摘A method based on multiple images captured under different light sources at different incident angles was developed to recognize the coal density range in this study.The innovation is that two new images were constructed based on images captured under four single light sources.Reconstruction image 1 was constructed by fusing greyscale versions of the original images into one image,and Reconstruction image2 was constructed based on the differences between the images captured under the different light sources.Subsequently,the four original images and two reconstructed images were input into the convolutional neural network AlexNet to recognize the density range in three cases:-1.5(clean coal) and+1.5 g/cm^(3)(non-clean coal);-1.8(non-gangue) and+1.8 g/cm^(3)(gangue);-1.5(clean coal),1.5-1.8(middlings),and+1.8 g/cm^(3)(gangue).The results show the following:(1) The reconstructed images,especially Reconstruction image 2,can effectively improve the recognition accuracy for the coal density range compared with images captured under single light source.(2) The recognition accuracies for gangue and non-gangue,clean coal and non-clean coal,and clean coal,middlings,and gangue reached88.44%,86.72% and 77.08%,respectively.(3) The recognition accuracy increases as the density moves further away from the boundary density.
基金funded by Key Research and Development Plan Projects of Hubei Province(2022BBA0036)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.32071964)。
文摘Soybean(Glycine max),the primary source of high-quality plant protein,plays a crucial role as a grain and oil crop in China.Harnessing the full potential of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in soybean production holds immense significance for agriculture and ecology alike.Zhongdou 63,a newly developed early-maturing summer soybean cultivar in 2021,exhibits remarkable traits such as high yield,superior quality,multi-resistance,and wide adaptability.In this study,eight distinct rhizobia strains from diverse regions were meticulously screened to identify highly effective strains specifically suited for Zhongdou 63.The aboveground biomass,plant height,chlorophyll content,root length,nodule number,and nodule dry weight of Zhongdou 63 were measured and the data were subjected to statistical analysis.The results demonstrated that Y63-1 is a predominant strain of Zhongdou 63.Subsequently,we conducted further investigations on the broad-spectrum nodulation characteristics of Y63-1.Ten representative soybean cultivars were individually inoculated with Y63-1 and subsequently analyzed for nodule numbers and nodule dry weight in their symbiotic systems with rhizobia.The findings revealed that Y63-1 effectively formed nodules with all ten soybean varieties tested.In summary,our current study identified highly efficient broad-spectrum Bradyrhizobium elkanii strain Y63-1 as the predominant strain in Zhongdou 63 and provided a theoretical foundation for enhancing yield potential not only in Zhongdou 63 but also in other varieties through inoculation with highly efficient rhizobia in production.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11762011.
文摘The tumor suppressor p53 is at the hub of the cellular DNA damage response network.P53-dependent cell fate decision is inseparable from p53 dynamics.A type of non-coding microRNA miR-34 has the function of enhancing p53 content.An intriguing question arises:How does miR-34 affect p53 kinetics?To address this question,we reconstruct a p53 signal transduction network model containing miR-34.Some experimental phenomena of p53 pulses are reproduced to explain the rationality of the model.The method of numerical bifurcation is used to investigate the effect of miR-34 on p53 kinetics.We point out that appropriate or higher miR-34 transcription rates can prevent DNA-damaged cell proliferation by causing p53 oscillation or high steady-state kinetic behavior,respectively.However,the lack of miR-34 synthesis ability will induce p53 to remain at a low level,and cells cannot respond correctly to DNA damage.These results are well in line with the anti-cancer role of miR-34.Our work sheds light on how miR-34 carries out its tumor-suppressive function from tuning p53 dynamic aspect.
基金Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate,Grant/Award Number:CX20200454National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:51972178。
文摘We report the scalable fabrication of CdS/ZnS 1D/2D heterojunctions under ambient air conditions(i.e.,room temperature and atmospheric pressure)in which ZnS nanoparticles are anchored on the surface of CdS nanosheets.The as-formed heterojunctions exhibit a significantly enhanced photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate of 14.02 mmol h^(-1) g^(-1) when irradiated with visible light,which is~10 and 85 times higher than those of pristine CdS nanosheets and CdS nanoparticles,respectively,and superior to most of the CdS-based photocatalysts reported to date.Furthermore,they provide robust photocatalytic performance with demonstratable stability over 58 h,indicating their potential for practical applications.The formation of 1D/2D heterojunctions not only provides improved exposed active sites that respond to illumination but also provides a rapid pathway to generate photogenerated carriers for efficient separation and transfer through the matrix of single-crystalline CdS nanosheets.In addition,first-principles simulations demonstrate that the existence of rich Zn vacancies increases the energy level of the ZnS valence band maximum to construct type-II and Z-scheme mixed heterojunctions,which plays a critical role in suppressing the recombination of carriers with limited photocorrosion of CdS to enhance photocatalytic behavior.
基金Supported by Key New Product Project of Science and Technology Department of Yunnan Province(2015BB007,2012BB017)International Cooperation Program of Science and Technology Department of Yunnan Province(2014IA016)+2 种基金Science and Technology Specific Project for Enriching People and Strengthening County Economy of Science and Technology Department of Yunnan Province(2014EB033)National Large Vegetable Industry Technology System(CARS-25-G-45)New Vegetable Variety Collaborative Project of Agriculture Department of Yunnan Province[YCN(2012)58]
文摘Isolated micmspore culture was carried out with Brassica juncea to study the effects of sterilization methods, culture period of embryos, hormone formula and the concentration of aetivatod carbon on embryogenesis, and the concentration of NAA on induction of roots. The results showed that the embryogenesis on medi- um subjected to filter sterilization is better than medium subjected to autoclaved sterilization. The embryos cultured for 15 d had the highest plantlat regenexafion rate （52%）. NLN-13 liquid medium including 0. 1mg/L 6-BA and 0.2 g/L activated carbon significantly improved the planflet regeneration rate. 1/2 MS inclu- ding 0.3 mg/L NAA had the highest plantlet regeneration rate （ 100% ）. Key words Brassica juncea ; Isolated micmspore culture ; Embryogenesis ; Planflet regeneration
基金Supported by Major Project of New Product Development of Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department(2015BB007,2012BB017)International Cooperation Project of Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department(2014IA016)+2 种基金Project of Science and Technology to Strengthen the County and Enrich the People of Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department(2014EB033)National Bulk Vegetable Industry Technology System of China(CARS-25-G-45)New Vegetable Variety Cooperation Project of Yunnan Provincial Department of Agriculture[YCN(2012)No.58]
文摘In this study, using Japanese radish cytoplasmic sterile line ＂Half Green Cabbage＂ （HGC） and clubfoot-resistant South Korean cabbage variety ＂ CR Cabbage King＂ （CCK） as experimental materials, serf-incompatible DH lines were obtained by mierosporo culture. Through five gnerations of backeross, CCR11239, a clubroot-resistant radish cytoplasmic sterile line, was obtained. Through six generations of serf-crossing, CCR11240, the maintainer line of CCR11239, was bred. After the cross of CCK and Luchunbai 1 （83 - 1 ） and five generations of self-crossing, serf-compatible line CCRl1241 was obtained. Through crossing CCR11240 with CCRl1241, the new cabbage variety CCRl1242 was obtained. After variety comparison test, provincial regional test and production demonstration test, the new variety was registered in 2012. The average yield of CCR11242 reached 60 975 kg/hm2, which was improved by 142% compared with Luchunbai 1 （83 - 1 ）. The disease index of CCR11242 was 5.63, which was 88.13 lower than the control, indicating high resistance （HR） to clubfoot.
基金supported by the National High Technology Program of China (2013AA102602)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0101007)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei province (2016CFB286)
文摘SMAX1-LIKE(SMXL) family members have played important roles in regulating plant growth and development in Arabidopsis and rice, but few have been studied in Brassica napus(rapeseed). In this study, 31 SMXL genes(BnaSMXL) were identified in rapeseed by whole genome bioinformatics. Detailed information were characterized, including genomic distribution, phylogenetic relationship, evolutionary selection pattern, structural and motif features. Phylogenetic analysis classified BnaSMXL genes into 4 distinct sub-clades representing clear orthologous relationships to their family members in Arabidopsis and rice. Conserved motif analysis indicated that the motif 16 mediating strigolactones(SLs) or karrikins(KARs) signaling was absent in SMXL3-5 genes. Orthologous gene pairs between Arabidopsis and 3 Brassica species were extracted, and 8 SMXL genes in Arabidopsis genome had 16, 16 and 31 corresponding genes in B. oleracea, B. rapa and rapeseed genomes respectively. Evolutionary selection pattern showed that most of SMXL genes had undergone stronger negative selection. BnaSMXLs expression showed diverse patterns in 10 tissues of both vegetative and reproductive organs. Subcellular localization analysis showed that BnaSMXL proteins were exclusively localized in nucleus.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31500237)
文摘Recently, a novel green fluorescent protein eYGFPuv has been identified in the marine organism Chiridius poppei which displays high fluorescence intensity and can be visible by eyes in dark. Although strong green fluorescence was achieved in transgenic petunia, 3 expression cassettes (about 8 kb) complicate its application. In this study, to confirm whether 1 expression cassette could be used as a transgenic marker in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, eYGFPuv was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET28α-eYGFPuv- His and plant binary expression vector 35S::eYGFPuv. Compared to EGFP, eYGFPuv protein exhibited stronger dazzling green fluorescence in E. coli under excited light at 365 nm and maintains steadily over a long period of time without degradation. When transiently expressed in tobacco leaves, eYGFPuv protein displayed strong green fluorescence. Moreover, the fluorescence of eYGFPuv protein also could be directly observed in living plant, and thus can be used easily as a marker to screen transformed lines in transgenic research. Overall, compared to previous studies on eYGFPuv tandem repeats, our data confirmed that single eYGFPuv sequence still possesses high fluorescence intensity and quenching resistance. Furthermore, because of small size of expression cassette,it is suitable for efficient transformation in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
基金the National Bulk Vegetable Industry Technology System of China(CARS-23-G37)Research and integrated demonstration of green key technologies of main export vegetables in Yunnan Province(2019ZG001)Yunnan Province“ten thousand talents plan”Yunling industrial technology leading talents,Special support of Modern Agricultural Technology Department of vegetables in Yunnan Province.The funder has no role in study design,data collection and analysis,decision to publish,or preparation of the manuscript.
文摘Clubroot of Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa L.ssp.pekinensis),caused by the obligate parasite Plasmodiophora brassicae,accounts for serious yield losses.The aim of our study was to explore the phytohormone levels and metabolome changes in the roots of resistant and susceptible B.rapa genotypes at a late stage of infection,i.e.,28 days post-infection.Both genotypes showed decreased auxin levels after P.brassicae infection except for indole-3-acetic acid.Overall,the susceptible genotype had higher auxin and cytokinin levels after infection,with the exception of trans-zeatin and 3-indolebutyric acid as compared to the resistant genotype.Jasmonic acid levels declined after infection regardless of the genotype.Resistance against clubroot was evident with the increased levels of salicylic acid in the resistant genotype.The susceptible genotype had a higher number of differentially accumulated metabolites(DAMs)(262)than the resistant genotype(238)after infection.Interestingly,132 DAMs were commonly detected in both genotypes when infected with the pathogen,belonging to metabolite classes such as phenolic acids,amino acids,and derivatives,glucosinolates,organic acids,flavonoids,nucleotides and derivatives,and fatty acids.The differential metabolite analysis revealed that metabolites related to amino acid biosynthesis,fatty acid biosynthesis and elongation,glutathione metabolism,and glucosinolate metabolism were highly accumulated in the resistant genotype,suggesting their essential roles in resistance against P.brassicae infection.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 11762011).
文摘The tumor suppressor p53 plays a key regulatory role in the response of cells to various stresses.It have experimentally shown that p53 can exhibit rich dynamic behaviors under DNA damage.In order to study the meticulous mechanism,we construct a coupling model including p53-murine double minute 2(Mdm2)negative feedback loop(NFL)and p53-phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN)-Mdm2 positive feedback loop(PFL).By making use of bifurcation analysis and Binomial r-leap algorithm,we confirm that PTEN is a essential condition for p53 oscillation or bistable switching dynamic behaviours.We investigate the p53 dynamics affected by PFL through studying the p53-dependent PTEN synthesis rate.The results suggest that PFL may enrich the dynamic behaviors of the p53 system.This work can promote the understanding of p53 dynamics mediated by PTEN and provide clues for cancer therapy.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11762011。
文摘The transcription factor p53, also known as the ‘guardian of the genome’ and the ‘gatekeeper’,encodes programmed cell death(apoptosis) information in its dynamics. The anti-cancer protein14-3-3 σ and oncogenic protein Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1(Wip1) are both in the p53-murine double minute 2(Mdm2) gene network. However, how these two proteins modulate the dynamics of p53-Mdm2 module and further cell apoptosis remains elusive. Therefore, the authors constructed a relatively comprehensive ordinary differential equation model, taking into account the roles of 14-3-3 σ and Wip1 in p53 dynamics and cell apoptosis. By using numerical methods, we found that p53 exhibits abundant dynamics under the common control of 14-3-3 σand Wip1, and explained the anti-apoptotic effect of Wip1 and the pro-apoptotic effect of 14-3-3σ. By comparing experimental phenomena, we proposed that the p53 oscillation caused by the participation of Wip1 and 14-3-3 σ is closer to the real scene. This paper provides a new insight for p53 dynamics mechanism and apoptosis outcome mediated by Wip1 and 14-3-3 σ, and may be helpful for clinical application.
基金This work was supported by the The National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701455 and 32072087)The Opening Project of the Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology and Genetics Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture(KF2018007)The work was funded by National Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Projects(2016ZX08004-002).
文摘Auxin has been reported to regulate plant growth and development,as well as to mediate plant adaption to abiotic stresses,including drought.AUX/LAX family displays auxin uptake functions and comprises four highly conserved genes AUX1 and LIKE AUX1(LAX1,LAX2,and LAX3)in Arabidopsis.There are fifteen GmLAX family genes in the soybean genomes and several members were regulated by dehydration stress.In this study,the sequence differences and expression pattern of GmLAXs-I were analyzed under stress treatment between the soybean droughttolerant Jindou 21 and drought-sensitive varieties Zhongdou 33.Five homologous genes of AUX1 were all responsive to PEG,salt,ABA and IAA stimuli.There were two SNPs in the promoter region of GmLAX4 gene,and this gene was differentially expressed in two cultivars.Moreover,our results showed YFP-GmLAXs are predominantly localized in plasma membrane.Taken together,our results suggest that GmLAXs are involved in abiotic response,which can provide theoretical and technical support for the genetic improvement of soybean drought tolerance.
基金Supported by National Staple Vegetable Industrial Technology System(CARS-23-G37)Breeding and Industrialization Demonstration of New Varieties of Cruciferae Vegetables(Brassica pekinensis Rupr.,Raphanus sativus L.,Brassica oleracea L.)in Yunnan Province(2015BB007)Basic Research Project of Yunnan Science and Technology Plan(2017FD200)
文摘Different sterile cytoplasm types of nine cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile materials were identified by molecular marker in the study, in order to better use molecular marker to conduct the assisted breeding in the future. Genomic DNA was isolated from Chinese cabbage by CTAB method. The design of two pairs of specific primers was performed on conserved flanking region of orf138 gene in the GenBank. PCR was performed with genomic DNA of the nine Chinese cabbage materials. The bands were sequenced. The homologous comparison was conducted in NCBI, and finally, the type of sterile cytoplasm was determined. The results showed that the bands were amplified only in four Chinese cabbage male sterile materials with two pairs of specific primers PUPIl and PIII/PIV, while the other five materials did not obtain the relative bands. The result was consistent with the field sterility identification. And then four molecular markers of Chinese cabbage Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility （CMS） were obtained. After conducting a homologous comparative analysis with BLAST in GenBank, it was found that the homologous degree was 100% in specific segments of tbe tbree sterility materials （L1-CI, L3-CI and L3- F1 ） and Ogu orf138 gene （GenBank accession No. ： HQ149728） of the reported broccoli Ogu CMS. The homologous degree of L1-F1 was 99% with a variation point. The type of cytoplasmic male sterility of the other five materials needed further research. Four materials of the nine were identified as the radish cytoplasmic male sterility materials and four molecular markers were obtained.
基金supported by the National KeyBasic Research Program of China (2015CB150200)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2016CFB286)
文摘Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated DNA transformation for transient gene expression in protoplasts and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation in lower epidermis of leaves are readily available in several plant species. In the study, these two versatile tools were used in rapeseed. A simple and efficient method was established for isolating protoplasts from rapeseed cotyledons and leaves, and found that cotyledons might be better than true leaves. Transient expression analysis showed that yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) and luciferase (LUC) could be expressed in rapeseed protoplasts. Moreover,GUS histochemical assays indicated that Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transient expression was achievable only in lower epidermis of rapeseed cotyledons and expression signal was the highest on the 5th day after injection with the bacterial suspension (OD600=0.8).These methods might provide valuable tools for rapid functional gene analysis in rapeseed.
文摘Geraniol is an acyclic monoterpenoid compound,which exists widely in aromatic plants.Geraniol has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.Recently,it has been found that geraniol has a strong effect on improving immune function and anti-tumor.Many experimental evidences support that geraniol has a good effect on the treatment or prevention of different types of tumors,such as breast cancer,lung cancer,liver cancer,pancreatic cancer,colon cancer,prostate cancer,etc.it also has a synergistic anti-cancer effect with many anti-cancer drugs,revealing the mechanism of its more complex anti-tumor pharmacological action System.In this review,we summarized a variety of anti-cancer signaling pathways and targets.Geraniol is considered to be a safe,effective and promising multi-target anti-cancer drug,which is expected to become an important force in the anti-cancer of traditional Chinese medicine.
文摘The important agronomic traits of seed size and seed oil content in oilseed rape were af-fected by maternal effect. The maternal tissue endosperm, generated by fertilization of the diploid central cell in the female gametophyte, is essential for embryo and seed development. Imprinting is primarily re-stricted to the endosperm of flowering plants and is associated with differential DNA methylation of paren-tal alleles. Therefore, it is necessary to find out whether the endosperm influences these traits. If so, whether DNA methylation participated in these processes？ To answer these questions, isolation of pure liquid endosperm qualified for extraction genomic DNA and RNA was the prerequisite. However, it was not easy to conduct this isolation due to endosperm is encapsulated by tiny seed coat and it adjoins to de-veloping embryo. This research adopted a procedure for isolation pure lipid endosperm from 25DAF （days after flowering） ovules of Brassica napus and improved procedure for subsequent DNA extraction. With the optimized procedures, we successfully extracted genomic DNA of liquid endosperm from 500 mg o-vules with high concentration （ ≥2. 5μg/μl, 200μl） and high purity, which were proved by the subse-quent analysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Nos.32371461 and 81873449)Suzhou Health Youth Backbone Talent“National Tutorial System”Training Project(No.Qngg2023005,China)+5 种基金Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation(No.BK20210086,China)Basic Science(Natural Science)Research Program for Universities in Jiangsu Province(No.24KJB310015,China)Gusu Leading Talent Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship(No.ZXL2021441,China)the Science and Technology Plan Project of Suzhou(No.SKY2022150,China)Suzhou Science and Technology Bureau Basic Research(No.SSD2024073,China)Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation(No.Y-tongshu2021/qn-0366,China).
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is an autoimmune disorder involving complex immune regulation,where balancing localized and systemic immunosuppression is a key challenge.This study aimed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy by engineering the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917(EcN).We removed endogenous plasmids pMUT1 and pMUT2 from wild-type EcN and expressed the mPD-L1(19‒238 aa)-mFc fusion protein on the bacterial surface using a cytolysin A(ClyA)fragment.This modification stabilized mPD-L1(19‒238 aa)protein expression and promoted its recruitment to outer membrane vesicles(OMVs).The engineered strain,EcNΔ_(pMUT1/2)-ClyA-mPD-L1-mFc(EcN-ePD-L1-mFc),features conditional ePD-L1-mFc expression under the araBAD promoter,enhancing gut-targeted release and reducing systemic side effects.This strain improved treatment targeting and efficiency by enabling direct ePD-L1-mFc interaction with immune cells at inflammation sites.OMVs from this strain induced Treg proliferation,inhibited effector T cell proliferation in vitro,and significantly improved intestinal inflammation and colonic epithelial barrier repair in vivo.Additionally,the bacterium restored intestinal microbiota balance,increasing Lactobacillaceae and reducing Bacteroides.This study highlights the engineered bacterium’s potential for targeted intestinal immune modulation and offers a novel local IBD treatment approach with promising clinical prospects.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52273252).
文摘Twisted two-dimensional(2D)layered materials have attracted significant attention due to their twist angle-related superconductivity and moiréexciton phenomena.In twisted layered materials,supertwisted spirals exhibit multiple layers of continuous twisted structures,which give rise to their unique optoelectronic properties.Previous studies have primarily focused on the influence of conical non-Euclidean surfaces on the growth of twisted spirals,revealing their dominant role in determining the twist angle.However,few studies have systematically analyzed the additional factors influencing the variation of twist angles during the growth of such structures.In this work,we demonstrated the synthesis of supertwisted WS_(2) spirals on the edges of WS_(2) nanoribbons with nanoparticles,where the twist angle deviates from the theoretical value due to the additional influence of the nanoribbons during growth.Beyond the dominant role of nanoparticles in determining the twist angle of the spirals,we found that larger step heights or contact areas of the nanoribbons lead to larger twist angles.Furthermore,photoluminescence(PL)and Raman spectroscopy revealed the unique optical properties of the twisted spirals.PL spectra exhibited thickness-dependent abnormal variation in luminescence intensity,attributed to the decoupling and recoupling of interlayer interactions,while Raman spectra demonstrated the thickness-dependent and twist angle-dependent variations in the dominant atomic vibrations of interlayer van der Waals(vdW)interactions.These findings not only provide new insights into the regulation of twist angles in twisted spiral structures,but also contribute to a deeper understanding of the optical characteristics of twisted 2D layered materials,paving the way for their potential applications in various fields.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1001504)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2022-OCRI)+1 种基金the Basic research fund of Oil Crop Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(1610172022002)Hubei Province Technological Innovation Program(2024BBB003).
文摘Asian soybean rust,caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi,is a devastating fungal disease threatening global soybean production,particularly in tropical regions where chemical control is increasingly unsustainable.This study employed cutting-edge 4D-DIA proteomics to investigate molecular defense mechanisms in resistant(SX6907)and susceptible(Tianlong 1)soybean cultivars during early infection(12 hpi and 3 dpi).We identified 12,852 proteins,with 1,510 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)revealing genotype-specific responses.Resistant plants exhibited sustained upregulation of immune receptors(CRKs,LRR-RLKs),MAPK signaling components,and cell wall reinforcement proteins(peroxidases,XTHs),alongside dynamic modulation of calcium signaling and ROS homeostasis.These patterns suggest key pathways enriched in resistance may include phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,isoflavonoid production,and ER stress responses,while susceptible plants showed suppression of photosynthesis and defense pathways.Weighted Protein Co-expression Network Analysis(WPCNA)highlighted co-expression modules linked to resistance,potentially including NLR-mediated effector-triggered immunity.Crucially,DIR proteins and organelle-specific defense hubs(e.g.,chloroplasts,nuclei)were implicated in rust resistance.Validation by qPCR confirmed concordance for 84%of tested DEPs.Our findings provide a protein-level blueprint of soybean rust resistance,identifying candidate targets for marker-assisted breeding and genetic engineering to develop durable resistant varieties,reducing reliance on fungicides.
