1.Introduction Due to the continuous progress in surgical methodologies and the swift evolution of surgical tools,minimally invasive procedures have emerged as the dominant approach in urologic oncology surgeries.Nota...1.Introduction Due to the continuous progress in surgical methodologies and the swift evolution of surgical tools,minimally invasive procedures have emerged as the dominant approach in urologic oncology surgeries.Notably,robot-assisted surgery(RAS)has led to its extensive adoption in the surgical management of urinary system tumors due to its enhanced maneuverability,precision in suturing,and anastomotic capabilities.展开更多
Schizophrenia is a mental disease that mainly affects young individuals （15 to 35 years old） but its etiology remains largely undefined. Recently, accumulating evidence indicated that demyelination and/or dysfunctio...Schizophrenia is a mental disease that mainly affects young individuals （15 to 35 years old） but its etiology remains largely undefined. Recently, accumulating evidence indicated that demyelination and/or dysfunction of oligodendrocytes is an important feature of its pathogenesis. We hypothesized that the vulnerability of young individuals to demyelination may contribute to the onset of schizophrenia. In the present study, three different age cohorts of mice, i.e. juvenile （3 weeks）, young-adult （6 weeks） and middle-aged （8 months）, were subjected to a 6-week diet containing 0.2% cuprizone （CPZ） to create an animal model of acute demyelination. Then, age-related vulnerability to CPZ-induced demyelination, behavioral outcomes, and myelination-related molecular biological changes were assessed. We demonstrated： （1） CPZ treatment led to more severe demyelination in juvenile and young-adult mice than in middle-aged mice in the corpus callosum, a region closely associated with the pathophysiology of schizophrenia; （2） the higher levels of demyelination in juvenile and young-adult mice were correlated with a greater reduction of myelin basic protein, more loss of CC-1- positive mature oligodendrocytes, and higher levels of astrocyte activation; and （3） CPZ treatment resulted in a more prominent exploratory behavior deficit in juvenile and young-adult mice than in middle-aged mice. Together, our data demonstrate an age-relatedvulnerability to demyelination with a concurrent behavioral deficit, providing supporting evidence for better understanding the susceptibility of the young to the onset of schizophrenia.展开更多
In rough communication,because each agent has a different language and can not provide precise communication to each other,the concept translated among multi-agents will loss some information,and this results in a les...In rough communication,because each agent has a different language and can not provide precise communication to each other,the concept translated among multi-agents will loss some information,and this results in a less or rougher concept.With different translation sequences the amount of the missed knowledge is varied.Theλ-optimal translation sequence of rough communication,which concerns both every agent and the last agent taking part in rough communication to get information as much as he(or she)can,is given.In order to get theλ-optimal translation sequence,a genetic algorithm is used.Analysis and simulation of the algorithm demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.展开更多
The concept of rough communication based on both-branch fuzzy set is proposed,in which the loss of information may exist,for each agent there has a different language and can not provide precise communication to each ...The concept of rough communication based on both-branch fuzzy set is proposed,in which the loss of information may exist,for each agent there has a different language and can not provide precise communication to each other.The method of information measure in a rough communication based on both-branch fuzzy set is proposed.By using some concepts,such as|α|-both-branch rough communication cut,the relation theorem between rough communication based on both-branch fuzzy concept and rough communication based on classical concept is obtained.Finally,an example of rough communication based on both-branch fuzzy set is given.展开更多
Crop production currently relies on the widespread use of agrochemicals to ensure food security.This practice is considered unsustainable,yet has no viable alternative at present.The plant microbiota can fulfil variou...Crop production currently relies on the widespread use of agrochemicals to ensure food security.This practice is considered unsustainable,yet has no viable alternative at present.The plant microbiota can fulfil various functions for its host,some of which could be the basis for developing sustainable protection and fertilization strategies for plants without relying on chemicals.To harness such functions,a detailed understanding of plant‒microbe and microbe‒microbe interactions is necessary.Among interactions within the plant microbiota,those between bacteria are the most common ones;they are not only of ecological importance but also essential for maintaining the health and productivity of the host plants.This review focuses on recent literature in this field and highlights various consequences of bacteria‒bacteria interactions under different agricultural settings.In addition,the molecular and genetic backgrounds of bacteria that facilitate such interactions are emphasized.Representative examples of commonly found bacterial metabolites with bioactive properties,as well as their modes of action,are given.Integrating our understanding of various binary interactions into complex models that encompass the entire microbiota will benefit future developments in agriculture and beyond,which could be further facilitated by artificial intelligence-based technologies.展开更多
The randomized phase 3 CHART trial(NCT03520478)revealed that rezvilutamide(REZ)plus androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)in high-volume,metastatic,hormone-sensitive prostate cancer(mHSPC)significantly enhanced radiographi...The randomized phase 3 CHART trial(NCT03520478)revealed that rezvilutamide(REZ)plus androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)in high-volume,metastatic,hormone-sensitive prostate cancer(mHSPC)significantly enhanced radiographic progression-free and overall survival than bicalutamide(BIC)-ADT.Accordingly,we examined patient-reported outcomes(PROs)results,which were exploratory endpoints in the CHART trial.The patients were randomly allocated to receive REZ-ADT or BIC-ADT in a 1:1 ratio.The PROs were evaluated with the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form(BPI-SF)and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate(FACT-P)questionnaires.Both study groups displayed comparable baseline pain scores and functional status.Patients administered REZ-ADT had an extended time to progression of worst pain intensity in comparison to those treated with BIC-ADT(25th percentile,9.2[95%CI 7.4-16.6]vs.6.4 months[95%CI 5.5-8.3];HR 0.75[95%CI 0.57-0.97];p=0.026).Similarly,patients received REZ-ADT exhibited a delayed time to progression of pain interference in comparison to those receiving BIC-ADT(25th percentile,20.2[95%CI 12.9-31.3]vs.10.2 months[95%CI 7.4-11.1];HR 0.70[95%CI 0.52-0.93];p=0.015).Additionally,the REZ-ADT group demonstrated a prolonged delay in the deterioration of the total score on the FACT-P questionnaire(25th percentile,12.8[95%CI 7.4-20.3]vs.6.0 months[95%CI 4.6-9.2];HR 0.66[95%CI 0.50-0.86];p=0.002),as well as most of the FACT-P subscale scores,in comparison to the BIC-ADT group.In conclusion,REZ-ADT is superior to BIC-ADT regarding the pain alleviation and enhancement of functional scales for high-volume mHSPC.展开更多
Reproductive transition of grasses is characterized by switching the pattern of lateral branches,featuring the suppression of outgrowth of the subtending leaves(bracts)and rapid formation of higher-order branches in t...Reproductive transition of grasses is characterized by switching the pattern of lateral branches,featuring the suppression of outgrowth of the subtending leaves(bracts)and rapid formation of higher-order branches in the inflorescence(panicle).However,the molecular mechanisms underlying such changes remain largely unknown.Here,we show that bract suppression is required for the reproductive branching in rice.We identified a pathway involving the intrinsic time ruler microRNAI56/529,their targets SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN LIKE(SPL)genes,NECK LEAF1(NL1),and PLASTOCHRON1(PLA1),which regulates the bract outgrowth and thus affects the pattern switch between vegetative and reproductive branching.Suppression of the bract results in global reprogramming of transcriptome and chromatin accessibility following the reproductive transition,while these processes are largely dysregu-lated in the mutants of these genes.These discoveries contribute to our understanding of the dynamic plant architecture and provide novel insights for improving crop yields.展开更多
Bacteria and fungi are dominant members of environmental microbiomes.Various bacterial-fungal interactions(BFIs)and their mutual regulation are important factors for ecosystem functioning and health.Such interactions ...Bacteria and fungi are dominant members of environmental microbiomes.Various bacterial-fungal interactions(BFIs)and their mutual regulation are important factors for ecosystem functioning and health.Such interactions can be highly dynamic,and often require spatiotemporally resolved assessments to understand the interplay which ranges from antagonism to mutualism.Many of these interactions are still poorly understood,especially in terms of the underlying chemical and molecular interplay,which is crucial for inter-kingdom communication and interference.BFIs are highly relevant under agricultural settings;they can be determinative for crop health.Advancing our knowledge related to mechanisms underpinning the interactions between bacteria and fungi will provide an extended basis for biological control of pests and pathogens in agriculture.Moreover,it will facilitate a better understanding of complex microbial community networks that commonly occur in nature.This will allow us to determine factors that are crucial for community assembly under different environmental conditions and pave the way for constructing synthetic communities for various biotechnological applications.Here,we summarize the current advances in the field of BFIs with an emphasis on agriculture.展开更多
Prostate cancer(PC)is an epithelial malignancy occurring in the prostate.PC ranks second in incidence among all male malignancies globally by the latest statistics from the World Health Organization.Notably,China has ...Prostate cancer(PC)is an epithelial malignancy occurring in the prostate.PC ranks second in incidence among all male malignancies globally by the latest statistics from the World Health Organization.Notably,China has seen a more rapid increase in PC incidence compared to developed European and American nations.By 2022,the newly reported cases and deaths due to PC in China increased to 134,200 and 47,500,respectively.Thus,early diagnosis and stand-ardized treatment for prostate cancer in China remain far-reaching objectives.Burgeoning research on advanced PC and castration-resistant prostate cancer in recent years have paved the way for a new era of integrated treatment methods including novel endocrine drugs,chemotherapy,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy.Future therapies involve precision treatment guided by genetic testing and individualized integrated treatment as part of a multi-disciplinary integrated diagnosis and treatment model for PC.The Genitourinary Oncology Committee of theCACA guidelines for holistic integrative management of prostate cancer China Anti-Cancer Association(CACA-GU)has invited multidisciplinary experts across fields including surgery,oncology,pathology,radiology,herbal medicine,physiatry,and psychology to collaboratively write,discuss,and revise guide-lines on managing PC.The CACA Guidelines for Holistic Integrative Management of Prostate Cancer includes epide-miology,screening and diagnosis,treatment for localized PC,diagnosis and treatment of PC recurrence after radical prostatectomy,management of metastatic PC,traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment of PC,and reha-bilitation from PC.This guideline aims to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment management of PC in China.It is more aligned with China’s clinical practice,highlights Chinese characteristics,and bears significant clinical importance.展开更多
Most of the current methods for anomaly detection in time series are unsupervised.However,unsupervised learning assumes the distribution of the data and cannot obtain satisfactory results in some scenarios.In this pap...Most of the current methods for anomaly detection in time series are unsupervised.However,unsupervised learning assumes the distribution of the data and cannot obtain satisfactory results in some scenarios.In this paper,we design a semisupervised time series anomaly detection algorithm based on metric learning.The algorithm model mines the features in the time series from the perspectives of the time domain and frequency domain.Furthermore,we design a loss function for anomaly detection.Different from the two-class loss function,in the scenario of the loss function we designed,the normal data will be clustered and distributed in the embedding space,and the abnormal data will be far from the normal data distribution.Furthermore,we extend our designed metric learning model to a semisupervised learning model,extending the labeled dataset with the unlabeled dataset by setting different confidence levels.We conduct experiments on different public datasets and compare them with commonly used time series anomaly detection algorithms.The results show that our model has a good effect.At the same time the semisupervised setting does improve the accuracy of model detection.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82172741 to Ye D)Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau(No.2020CXJQ03 to Ye D)Xuhui District Hospital Local Cooperation Project(No.23XHYD-14 to Ye D).
文摘1.Introduction Due to the continuous progress in surgical methodologies and the swift evolution of surgical tools,minimally invasive procedures have emerged as the dominant approach in urologic oncology surgeries.Notably,robot-assisted surgery(RAS)has led to its extensive adoption in the surgical management of urinary system tumors due to its enhanced maneuverability,precision in suturing,and anastomotic capabilities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81071084)the International Science &Technology Cooperation Program of China (2010DFB30820)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality, China(2010DBF30820)
文摘Schizophrenia is a mental disease that mainly affects young individuals （15 to 35 years old） but its etiology remains largely undefined. Recently, accumulating evidence indicated that demyelination and/or dysfunction of oligodendrocytes is an important feature of its pathogenesis. We hypothesized that the vulnerability of young individuals to demyelination may contribute to the onset of schizophrenia. In the present study, three different age cohorts of mice, i.e. juvenile （3 weeks）, young-adult （6 weeks） and middle-aged （8 months）, were subjected to a 6-week diet containing 0.2% cuprizone （CPZ） to create an animal model of acute demyelination. Then, age-related vulnerability to CPZ-induced demyelination, behavioral outcomes, and myelination-related molecular biological changes were assessed. We demonstrated： （1） CPZ treatment led to more severe demyelination in juvenile and young-adult mice than in middle-aged mice in the corpus callosum, a region closely associated with the pathophysiology of schizophrenia; （2） the higher levels of demyelination in juvenile and young-adult mice were correlated with a greater reduction of myelin basic protein, more loss of CC-1- positive mature oligodendrocytes, and higher levels of astrocyte activation; and （3） CPZ treatment resulted in a more prominent exploratory behavior deficit in juvenile and young-adult mice than in middle-aged mice. Together, our data demonstrate an age-relatedvulnerability to demyelination with a concurrent behavioral deficit, providing supporting evidence for better understanding the susceptibility of the young to the onset of schizophrenia.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61070241)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2010FM035)the Science and Technology Foundation of University of Jinan(XKY1031,XKY0808)
文摘In rough communication,because each agent has a different language and can not provide precise communication to each other,the concept translated among multi-agents will loss some information,and this results in a less or rougher concept.With different translation sequences the amount of the missed knowledge is varied.Theλ-optimal translation sequence of rough communication,which concerns both every agent and the last agent taking part in rough communication to get information as much as he(or she)can,is given.In order to get theλ-optimal translation sequence,a genetic algorithm is used.Analysis and simulation of the algorithm demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61070241)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2010 FM035)the Science Research Foundation of University of Jinan(XKYK31)
文摘The concept of rough communication based on both-branch fuzzy set is proposed,in which the loss of information may exist,for each agent there has a different language and can not provide precise communication to each other.The method of information measure in a rough communication based on both-branch fuzzy set is proposed.By using some concepts,such as|α|-both-branch rough communication cut,the relation theorem between rough communication based on both-branch fuzzy concept and rough communication based on classical concept is obtained.Finally,an example of rough communication based on both-branch fuzzy set is given.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFD1400100)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LZ23C140004)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32172356)the China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-3-1-15)。
文摘Crop production currently relies on the widespread use of agrochemicals to ensure food security.This practice is considered unsustainable,yet has no viable alternative at present.The plant microbiota can fulfil various functions for its host,some of which could be the basis for developing sustainable protection and fertilization strategies for plants without relying on chemicals.To harness such functions,a detailed understanding of plant‒microbe and microbe‒microbe interactions is necessary.Among interactions within the plant microbiota,those between bacteria are the most common ones;they are not only of ecological importance but also essential for maintaining the health and productivity of the host plants.This review focuses on recent literature in this field and highlights various consequences of bacteria‒bacteria interactions under different agricultural settings.In addition,the molecular and genetic backgrounds of bacteria that facilitate such interactions are emphasized.Representative examples of commonly found bacterial metabolites with bioactive properties,as well as their modes of action,are given.Integrating our understanding of various binary interactions into complex models that encompass the entire microbiota will benefit future developments in agriculture and beyond,which could be further facilitated by artificial intelligence-based technologies.
文摘The randomized phase 3 CHART trial(NCT03520478)revealed that rezvilutamide(REZ)plus androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)in high-volume,metastatic,hormone-sensitive prostate cancer(mHSPC)significantly enhanced radiographic progression-free and overall survival than bicalutamide(BIC)-ADT.Accordingly,we examined patient-reported outcomes(PROs)results,which were exploratory endpoints in the CHART trial.The patients were randomly allocated to receive REZ-ADT or BIC-ADT in a 1:1 ratio.The PROs were evaluated with the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form(BPI-SF)and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate(FACT-P)questionnaires.Both study groups displayed comparable baseline pain scores and functional status.Patients administered REZ-ADT had an extended time to progression of worst pain intensity in comparison to those treated with BIC-ADT(25th percentile,9.2[95%CI 7.4-16.6]vs.6.4 months[95%CI 5.5-8.3];HR 0.75[95%CI 0.57-0.97];p=0.026).Similarly,patients received REZ-ADT exhibited a delayed time to progression of pain interference in comparison to those receiving BIC-ADT(25th percentile,20.2[95%CI 12.9-31.3]vs.10.2 months[95%CI 7.4-11.1];HR 0.70[95%CI 0.52-0.93];p=0.015).Additionally,the REZ-ADT group demonstrated a prolonged delay in the deterioration of the total score on the FACT-P questionnaire(25th percentile,12.8[95%CI 7.4-20.3]vs.6.0 months[95%CI 4.6-9.2];HR 0.66[95%CI 0.50-0.86];p=0.002),as well as most of the FACT-P subscale scores,in comparison to the BIC-ADT group.In conclusion,REZ-ADT is superior to BIC-ADT regarding the pain alleviation and enhancement of functional scales for high-volume mHSPC.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0100903)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31600983 and 31821005)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017T100564 and 2016M590699)the Earmarked Fund for the China Agricultural Research System(CARS-01-05).
文摘Reproductive transition of grasses is characterized by switching the pattern of lateral branches,featuring the suppression of outgrowth of the subtending leaves(bracts)and rapid formation of higher-order branches in the inflorescence(panicle).However,the molecular mechanisms underlying such changes remain largely unknown.Here,we show that bract suppression is required for the reproductive branching in rice.We identified a pathway involving the intrinsic time ruler microRNAI56/529,their targets SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN LIKE(SPL)genes,NECK LEAF1(NL1),and PLASTOCHRON1(PLA1),which regulates the bract outgrowth and thus affects the pattern switch between vegetative and reproductive branching.Suppression of the bract results in global reprogramming of transcriptome and chromatin accessibility following the reproductive transition,while these processes are largely dysregu-lated in the mutants of these genes.These discoveries contribute to our understanding of the dynamic plant architecture and provide novel insights for improving crop yields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Fund(31922074,32172356)the Key Technology R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(2019C02034)+1 种基金the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-3-29)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021FZZX001–31).
文摘Bacteria and fungi are dominant members of environmental microbiomes.Various bacterial-fungal interactions(BFIs)and their mutual regulation are important factors for ecosystem functioning and health.Such interactions can be highly dynamic,and often require spatiotemporally resolved assessments to understand the interplay which ranges from antagonism to mutualism.Many of these interactions are still poorly understood,especially in terms of the underlying chemical and molecular interplay,which is crucial for inter-kingdom communication and interference.BFIs are highly relevant under agricultural settings;they can be determinative for crop health.Advancing our knowledge related to mechanisms underpinning the interactions between bacteria and fungi will provide an extended basis for biological control of pests and pathogens in agriculture.Moreover,it will facilitate a better understanding of complex microbial community networks that commonly occur in nature.This will allow us to determine factors that are crucial for community assembly under different environmental conditions and pave the way for constructing synthetic communities for various biotechnological applications.Here,we summarize the current advances in the field of BFIs with an emphasis on agriculture.
基金supported by China Anti-Cancer Association(CACA).
文摘Prostate cancer(PC)is an epithelial malignancy occurring in the prostate.PC ranks second in incidence among all male malignancies globally by the latest statistics from the World Health Organization.Notably,China has seen a more rapid increase in PC incidence compared to developed European and American nations.By 2022,the newly reported cases and deaths due to PC in China increased to 134,200 and 47,500,respectively.Thus,early diagnosis and stand-ardized treatment for prostate cancer in China remain far-reaching objectives.Burgeoning research on advanced PC and castration-resistant prostate cancer in recent years have paved the way for a new era of integrated treatment methods including novel endocrine drugs,chemotherapy,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy.Future therapies involve precision treatment guided by genetic testing and individualized integrated treatment as part of a multi-disciplinary integrated diagnosis and treatment model for PC.The Genitourinary Oncology Committee of theCACA guidelines for holistic integrative management of prostate cancer China Anti-Cancer Association(CACA-GU)has invited multidisciplinary experts across fields including surgery,oncology,pathology,radiology,herbal medicine,physiatry,and psychology to collaboratively write,discuss,and revise guide-lines on managing PC.The CACA Guidelines for Holistic Integrative Management of Prostate Cancer includes epide-miology,screening and diagnosis,treatment for localized PC,diagnosis and treatment of PC recurrence after radical prostatectomy,management of metastatic PC,traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment of PC,and reha-bilitation from PC.This guideline aims to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment management of PC in China.It is more aligned with China’s clinical practice,highlights Chinese characteristics,and bears significant clinical importance.
基金supported by State Grid Research Project“Study on Intelligent Analysis Technology of Abnormal Power Data Quality based on Rule Mining” (5700-202119176A-0-0-00).
文摘Most of the current methods for anomaly detection in time series are unsupervised.However,unsupervised learning assumes the distribution of the data and cannot obtain satisfactory results in some scenarios.In this paper,we design a semisupervised time series anomaly detection algorithm based on metric learning.The algorithm model mines the features in the time series from the perspectives of the time domain and frequency domain.Furthermore,we design a loss function for anomaly detection.Different from the two-class loss function,in the scenario of the loss function we designed,the normal data will be clustered and distributed in the embedding space,and the abnormal data will be far from the normal data distribution.Furthermore,we extend our designed metric learning model to a semisupervised learning model,extending the labeled dataset with the unlabeled dataset by setting different confidence levels.We conduct experiments on different public datasets and compare them with commonly used time series anomaly detection algorithms.The results show that our model has a good effect.At the same time the semisupervised setting does improve the accuracy of model detection.
