Background:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become the most common chronic liver disease in recent years,but the pathogenesis is not fully understood.Therefore,it is important to establish an effective anim...Background:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become the most common chronic liver disease in recent years,but the pathogenesis is not fully understood.Therefore,it is important to establish an effective animal model for studying NAFLD.Methods:Adult zebrafish were fed a normal diet or a high-fat diet combined with egg yolk powder for 30 days.Body mass index(BMI)was measured to determine overall obesity.Serum lipids were measured using triglyceride(TG)and total cholesterol(TC)kits.Liver lipid deposition was detected by Oil Red O staining.Liver injury was assessed by measuring glutathione aminotransferase(AST)and glutamic acid aminotransferase(ALT)levels.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were used to evaluate oxidative damage.The level of inflammation was assessed by qRT-PCR for pro-i nflammatory factors.H&E staining was used for pathological histology.Caspase-3 immunofluorescence measured apoptosis.Physiological disruption was assessed via RNA-seq analysis of genes at the transcriptional level and validated by qRT-PCR.Results:The high-fat diet led to significant obesity in zebrafish,with elevated BMI,hepatic TC,and TG.Severe lipid deposition in the liver was observed by ORO and H&E staining,accompanied by massive steatosis and ballooning.Serum AST and ALT levels were elevated,and significant liver damage was observed.The antioxidant system in the body was severely imbalanced.Hepatocytes showed massive apoptosis.RNA-seq results indicated that several physiological processes,including endoplasmic reticulum stress,and glucolipid metabolism,were disrupted.Conclusion:Additional feeding of egg yolk powder to adult zebrafish for 30consecutive days can mimic the pathology of human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.展开更多
An experimental study on the quasi-neutral beam extracted by a neutralizer-free gridded ion thruster prototype was presented.The prototype was designed using an inductively coupled plasma source terminated by a double...An experimental study on the quasi-neutral beam extracted by a neutralizer-free gridded ion thruster prototype was presented.The prototype was designed using an inductively coupled plasma source terminated by a double-grid accelerator.The beam characteristics were compared when the accelerator was radio-frequency(RF)biased and direct-current(DC)biased.An RF power supply was applied to the screen grid via a blocking capacitor for the RF acceleration,and a DC power supply was directly connected to the screen grid for the DC acceleration.Argon was used as the propellant gas.Furthermore,the characteristics of the plasma beam,such as the floating potential,the spatial distribution of ion flux,and the ion energy distribution function(IEDF)were measured by a four-grid retarding field energy analyzer.The floating potential results showed that the beam space charge is compensated in the case of RF acceleration without a neutralizer,which is similar to the case of classical DC acceleration with a neutralizer.The ion flux of RF acceleration is 1.17 times higher than that of DC acceleration under the same DC component voltage between the double-grid.Moreover,there are significant differences in the beam IEDFs for RF and DC acceleration.The IEDF of RF acceleration has a widened and multipeaked profile,and the main peak moves toward the high-energy region with increasing the DC self-bias voltage.In addition,by comparing the IEDFs with RF acceleration frequencies of3.9 and 7.8 MHz,it is found that the IEDF has a more centered main peak and a narrower energy spread at a higher frequency.展开更多
基金the Discipline Construction Project of Guangdong Medical UniversityGrant/Award Number:4SG22258G+2 种基金the Science and Technology Planning Project of ZhanjiangChinaGrant/Award Number:2022A01231。
文摘Background:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become the most common chronic liver disease in recent years,but the pathogenesis is not fully understood.Therefore,it is important to establish an effective animal model for studying NAFLD.Methods:Adult zebrafish were fed a normal diet or a high-fat diet combined with egg yolk powder for 30 days.Body mass index(BMI)was measured to determine overall obesity.Serum lipids were measured using triglyceride(TG)and total cholesterol(TC)kits.Liver lipid deposition was detected by Oil Red O staining.Liver injury was assessed by measuring glutathione aminotransferase(AST)and glutamic acid aminotransferase(ALT)levels.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were used to evaluate oxidative damage.The level of inflammation was assessed by qRT-PCR for pro-i nflammatory factors.H&E staining was used for pathological histology.Caspase-3 immunofluorescence measured apoptosis.Physiological disruption was assessed via RNA-seq analysis of genes at the transcriptional level and validated by qRT-PCR.Results:The high-fat diet led to significant obesity in zebrafish,with elevated BMI,hepatic TC,and TG.Severe lipid deposition in the liver was observed by ORO and H&E staining,accompanied by massive steatosis and ballooning.Serum AST and ALT levels were elevated,and significant liver damage was observed.The antioxidant system in the body was severely imbalanced.Hepatocytes showed massive apoptosis.RNA-seq results indicated that several physiological processes,including endoplasmic reticulum stress,and glucolipid metabolism,were disrupted.Conclusion:Additional feeding of egg yolk powder to adult zebrafish for 30consecutive days can mimic the pathology of human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
基金supported by Shenzhen Technology Projects(No.ZDSYS201707280904031)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M710977)。
文摘An experimental study on the quasi-neutral beam extracted by a neutralizer-free gridded ion thruster prototype was presented.The prototype was designed using an inductively coupled plasma source terminated by a double-grid accelerator.The beam characteristics were compared when the accelerator was radio-frequency(RF)biased and direct-current(DC)biased.An RF power supply was applied to the screen grid via a blocking capacitor for the RF acceleration,and a DC power supply was directly connected to the screen grid for the DC acceleration.Argon was used as the propellant gas.Furthermore,the characteristics of the plasma beam,such as the floating potential,the spatial distribution of ion flux,and the ion energy distribution function(IEDF)were measured by a four-grid retarding field energy analyzer.The floating potential results showed that the beam space charge is compensated in the case of RF acceleration without a neutralizer,which is similar to the case of classical DC acceleration with a neutralizer.The ion flux of RF acceleration is 1.17 times higher than that of DC acceleration under the same DC component voltage between the double-grid.Moreover,there are significant differences in the beam IEDFs for RF and DC acceleration.The IEDF of RF acceleration has a widened and multipeaked profile,and the main peak moves toward the high-energy region with increasing the DC self-bias voltage.In addition,by comparing the IEDFs with RF acceleration frequencies of3.9 and 7.8 MHz,it is found that the IEDF has a more centered main peak and a narrower energy spread at a higher frequency.
